Alexander Fleming is a prominent Scottish scientist, Nobel laureate, and bacteriologist who discovered penicillin. He was born near the small town Darwell in Scotland. He studied at St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School and received his master’s and bachelor’s degrees from London University. The research of the young scientist began with the study of the etiology, diagnosis and vaccine therapy of infectious diseases, he soon began working on finding treatment options for patients with bacterial infections with a talented military doctor Almroth Wright. Working in the Royal Military Medical Service during the First World War, A. Wright and O. Fleming showed that the use of antiseptics after injury does not destroy bacterial pathogens effectively. After the war, O. Fleming made an extremely important discovery of a lytic enzyme with a pronounced antibacterial effect - lysozyme. This discovery prompted him to search for antibacterial drugs actively. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic – penicillin. He found that penicillin is an effective antibacterial substance that can affect pyogenic cocci and diphtheria bacilli. The widespread introduction of penicillin into clinical practice has saved hundreds millions of lives. Keywords: penicillin, lysozyme, antibiotics, bacterial infections.
{"title":"Alexander Fleming (to the 140th anniversary of his birth)","authors":"O. Voloshyn, H. Humeniuk, I. B. Chen","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v28.1393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v28.1393","url":null,"abstract":"Alexander Fleming is a prominent Scottish scientist, Nobel laureate, and bacteriologist who discovered penicillin. He was born near the small town Darwell in Scotland. He studied at St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School and received his master’s and bachelor’s degrees from London University. The research of the young scientist began with the study of the etiology, diagnosis and vaccine therapy of infectious diseases, he soon began working on finding treatment options for patients with bacterial infections with a talented military doctor Almroth Wright. Working in the Royal Military Medical Service during the First World War, A. Wright and O. Fleming showed that the use of antiseptics after injury does not destroy bacterial pathogens effectively. After the war, O. Fleming made an extremely important discovery of a lytic enzyme with a pronounced antibacterial effect - lysozyme. This discovery prompted him to search for antibacterial drugs actively. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic – penicillin. He found that penicillin is an effective antibacterial substance that can affect pyogenic cocci and diphtheria bacilli. The widespread introduction of penicillin into clinical practice has saved hundreds millions of lives. \u0000Keywords: penicillin, lysozyme, antibiotics, bacterial infections.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84234293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. Investigate the effect of auxins of exogenous origin in nutrient medium in vitro on the germination and organogenesis intensity in Linum usitatissimum L. convar. elongatum (‘Hlinum’ variety) at the constant concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Methods. Hypocotyl segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium supplemented with sucrose (30 g/l) and phytohormones at various concentrations. Other conditions: photoperiod 16 hours, relative humidity 60–80%, air temperature 22–24°C. Results. Common flax has a great capacity to form callus and shoots under the effect of the following factors: 1) only auxins, 2) only cytokines, 3) combinations of auxins and cytokines. Somatic embryogenesis is also possible on a nonhormonal nutrient medium. Conclusions. For somatic embryogenesis in vitro, the optimal concentrations of BAP can be expressed as 1.0 ≤ BAP ≤ 1.75, the optimal concentrations of BAP for the medium supplemented with 1-naphthylacetic (NAA, 0.05 mg/l) 0.5 ≤ BAP ≤ 2.0, the optimal concentration of NAA for the medium supplemented with BAP (1.0 mg/l) 0.025 ≤ NAA ≤ 0.150, and the optimal concentrations of indol-3-acetics acid (IAA) for the medium supplemented with BAP (1.0 mg/l) 0.05 ≤ IAA ≤ 0.50. Keywords: Linum usitatissimum L., in vitro, phytohormones, callus, organogenesis.
{"title":"Effect of 1-naphthylacetic and indol-3-acetics acid on the intensity of callusogenesis and organogenesis of Linum usitatissimum L. in vitro","authors":"S. Mishchenko","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v28.1383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v28.1383","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Investigate the effect of auxins of exogenous origin in nutrient medium in vitro on the germination and organogenesis intensity in Linum usitatissimum L. convar. elongatum (‘Hlinum’ variety) at the constant concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Methods. Hypocotyl segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium supplemented with sucrose (30 g/l) and phytohormones at various concentrations. Other conditions: photoperiod 16 hours, relative humidity 60–80%, air temperature 22–24°C. Results. Common flax has a great capacity to form callus and shoots under the effect of the following factors: 1) only auxins, 2) only cytokines, 3) combinations of auxins and cytokines. Somatic embryogenesis is also possible on a nonhormonal nutrient medium. Conclusions. For somatic embryogenesis in vitro, the optimal concentrations of BAP can be expressed as 1.0 ≤ BAP ≤ 1.75, the optimal concentrations of BAP for the medium supplemented with 1-naphthylacetic (NAA, 0.05 mg/l) 0.5 ≤ BAP ≤ 2.0, the optimal concentration of NAA for the medium supplemented with BAP (1.0 mg/l) 0.025 ≤ NAA ≤ 0.150, and the optimal concentrations of indol-3-acetics acid (IAA) for the medium supplemented with BAP (1.0 mg/l) 0.05 ≤ IAA ≤ 0.50. \u0000Keywords: Linum usitatissimum L., in vitro, phytohormones, callus, organogenesis.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91169186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. The aim of the study was to characterize the population distribution of psychiatric phenotypes according to anxiety and depression. Methods. The level of anxiety and depression was assessed with the HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale test. Students in grades 9-11 of secondary schools in Kharkiv, as well as their parents, were tested. We tested 306 persons from 115 families. Results. The frequency of depression among men in the Kharkiv population is 9%, among women 11%, among boys 15%, among girls 22%; the frequency of increased anxiety among men is 14%, among women 22%, among boys 19%, among girls 44%. There is a positive relationship between anxiety and depression in older men and women, expressed by the association coefficient in men rDT =0.45, in women rDT =0.79. The relatives revealed a similarity in psychological types, described by the association index for depression in mother/daughter pairs r = 0.40, mother/son r = 0.03, father/daughter r = 0.20, father/son r = 0.40; for anxiety: mother/daughter r = 0.15, mother/son r = 0.05, father/daughter r = 0.24, father/son r = 0.01. Conclusions. Individuals of the younger generation are more likely to have signs of anxiety and depression than those of their parents' generation. The parent-offspring phenotype relationship is stronger in same-sex couples compared to opposite-sex couples. Keywords: depression, anxiety, population distribution, family analysis.
{"title":"Anxiety and depression: population distribution and family associations","authors":"E. N. Etkalo, L. A. Atramentova","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v29.1427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v29.1427","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim of the study was to characterize the population distribution of psychiatric phenotypes according to anxiety and depression. Methods. The level of anxiety and depression was assessed with the HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale test. Students in grades 9-11 of secondary schools in Kharkiv, as well as their parents, were tested. We tested 306 persons from 115 families. Results. The frequency of depression among men in the Kharkiv population is 9%, among women 11%, among boys 15%, among girls 22%; the frequency of increased anxiety among men is 14%, among women 22%, among boys 19%, among girls 44%. There is a positive relationship between anxiety and depression in older men and women, expressed by the association coefficient in men rDT =0.45, in women rDT =0.79. The relatives revealed a similarity in psychological types, described by the association index for depression in mother/daughter pairs r = 0.40, mother/son r = 0.03, father/daughter r = 0.20, father/son r = 0.40; for anxiety: mother/daughter r = 0.15, mother/son r = 0.05, father/daughter r = 0.24, father/son r = 0.01. Conclusions. Individuals of the younger generation are more likely to have signs of anxiety and depression than those of their parents' generation. The parent-offspring phenotype relationship is stronger in same-sex couples compared to opposite-sex couples. \u0000Keywords: depression, anxiety, population distribution, family analysis.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"168 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76455060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Dimitrova, M. Bozhilova-Sakova, T. Ivanova, V. Koutev, M. Ignatova
Aim. The purpose of this work was to study polymorphism of FABP3 (heart-type fatty acid binding protein) gene and its effect on litter size and milk production. The experiment included 30 ewes of Synthetic Population Bulgarian Milk breed from Institute of Animal Science – Kostinbrod. Methods. By PCR-RFLP method with endonuclease BseDI in SNP3 of FABP3 gene were detected two genotypes – GG and AG. Results. In SNP3 of FABP3 gene the frequency of allele G was 0.85 and the frequency of allele A was 0.15. The genotype GG was with frequency 0.70 and AG – with 0.30. Conclusions. In this study of ewes from SPBM breed, the presence of heterozygous genotype AG in SNP3 of the FABP3 was associated with increased litter size, while the presence of the homozygous genotype GG led to increased milk productivity during lactation. Keywords: sheep, FABP3 gene, litter size, milk production.
{"title":"Polymorphism of FABP3 gene and its effect on litter size and milk production of synthetic population bulgarian milk ewes","authors":"I. Dimitrova, M. Bozhilova-Sakova, T. Ivanova, V. Koutev, M. Ignatova","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v28.1374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v28.1374","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The purpose of this work was to study polymorphism of FABP3 (heart-type fatty acid binding protein) gene and its effect on litter size and milk production. The experiment included 30 ewes of Synthetic Population Bulgarian Milk breed from Institute of Animal Science – Kostinbrod. Methods. By PCR-RFLP method with endonuclease BseDI in SNP3 of FABP3 gene were detected two genotypes – GG and AG. Results. In SNP3 of FABP3 gene the frequency of allele G was 0.85 and the frequency of allele A was 0.15. The genotype GG was with frequency 0.70 and AG – with 0.30. Conclusions. In this study of ewes from SPBM breed, the presence of heterozygous genotype AG in SNP3 of the FABP3 was associated with increased litter size, while the presence of the homozygous genotype GG led to increased milk productivity during lactation. \u0000Keywords: sheep, FABP3 gene, litter size, milk production.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78187669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Hrytsak, M. Prokopiak, O. Mayorova, Kh. M. Kolisnyk, N. Drobyk
Aim. Study of the dynamics Gentiana lutea L. plant growth processes in vitro depending on the light regime changes of their cultivation in order to develop a scheme to increase their adaptive potential. Methods. Methods of plant cultivation in vitro, biometric method, as well as ANOVA variance analysis and middle group analysis in pairs using the Tukey test (Tukey test) were used. Results. It is shown that the cultivation of G. lutea plants in vitro using 25 W/m2 light flux intensity in the region of photosynthetically active radiation and the ratio of blue (Eb): green (Eg): red (Er) ranges = 41.8%: 42.7 %: 15.5% triggers non-specific photomorphogenesis reactions for intact plants, which lead to poor root system development, stem elongation, formation of small leaves with a thin leaf blade, overall low productivity and low adaptation potential of G. lutea plants to ex vitro and in situ conditions. Increasing the light flux intensity to 44 W/m2 and increasing the red wave proportion up to 20.3% allows not only to improve the bioproductivity of G. lutea plants which are cultivated in vitro, but also to increase the coefficient of microclonal reproduction without the additional use of exogenous growth regulators. The greatest growth of the aboveground and underground parts, increase in effective leaf surface are observed in vitro plants during cultivation at 135 W/m2 light flux intensity and spectral composition Eb: Eg: Er = 29.5%: 32.5%: 38.0%. Conclusions. It is possible to improve plant bioproductivity by changing the light conditions of plant cultivation in vitro, and, accordingly, to increase the adaptive potential to ex vitro and in situ conditions. Keywords: Gentiana lutea L., in vitro plants, light flux intensity, spectral composition, growth parameters.
{"title":"Dynamics of growth parameters of Gentiana lutea L. in vitro plants under different lighting conditions","authors":"L. Hrytsak, M. Prokopiak, O. Mayorova, Kh. M. Kolisnyk, N. Drobyk","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v28.1376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v28.1376","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Study of the dynamics Gentiana lutea L. plant growth processes in vitro depending on the light regime changes of their cultivation in order to develop a scheme to increase their adaptive potential. Methods. Methods of plant cultivation in vitro, biometric method, as well as ANOVA variance analysis and middle group analysis in pairs using the Tukey test (Tukey test) were used. Results. It is shown that the cultivation of G. lutea plants in vitro using 25 W/m2 light flux intensity in the region of photosynthetically active radiation and the ratio of blue (Eb): green (Eg): red (Er) ranges = 41.8%: 42.7 %: 15.5% triggers non-specific photomorphogenesis reactions for intact plants, which lead to poor root system development, stem elongation, formation of small leaves with a thin leaf blade, overall low productivity and low adaptation potential of G. lutea plants to ex vitro and in situ conditions. Increasing the light flux intensity to 44 W/m2 and increasing the red wave proportion up to 20.3% allows not only to improve the bioproductivity of G. lutea plants which are cultivated in vitro, but also to increase the coefficient of microclonal reproduction without the additional use of exogenous growth regulators. The greatest growth of the aboveground and underground parts, increase in effective leaf surface are observed in vitro plants during cultivation at 135 W/m2 light flux intensity and spectral composition Eb: Eg: Er = 29.5%: 32.5%: 38.0%. Conclusions. It is possible to improve plant bioproductivity by changing the light conditions of plant cultivation in vitro, and, accordingly, to increase the adaptive potential to ex vitro and in situ conditions. \u0000Keywords: Gentiana lutea L., in vitro plants, light flux intensity, spectral composition, growth parameters.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81420811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Oreshkova, T. Sedelnikova, S. P. Efremov, A. Pimenov
Aim. Study of DNA polymorphism of 7 coenopopulations of Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica) growing in theKuznetsk Alatau. Methods. Nuclear microsatellite loci developed for P. sibirica were used as genetic markers. Results. 44 allelic variants were identified from 11 nuclear microsatellite loci, which significantly differ in the composition and frequency of occurrence of the studied P. sibirica coenopopulations. The highest level of allelic diversity is found in loci Ps_80612 and Ps_1502048, where 8 and 7 alleles were identified, respectively. The calculation of the main parameters of genetic diversity showed a relatively low level of polymorphism in the studied samples (NA = 3.078; NE = 1.877; HE = 0.445; HO = 0.401). The assessment of the degree of genetic differences between populations using the Nei genetic distance (DN) showed that, despite the low genetic differentiation (DN varies from 0.019 to 0.061), the differences between them can be traced quite clearly. Conclusions. Differences in the level of genetic polymorphism of P. sibirica is defined by the presence of orographic and phytocoenotic barriers between coenopopulations, as well as a high degree of ecological and anthropogenic extremity of individual growth sites. Keywords: Pinus sibirica, Kuznetsk Alatau, microsatellites, genetic diversity, heterozygosity.
{"title":"Genetic polymorphism of mountain-taiga populations of siberian stone pine in Kusnetsky Alatau","authors":"N. Oreshkova, T. Sedelnikova, S. P. Efremov, A. Pimenov","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v28.1371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v28.1371","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Study of DNA polymorphism of 7 coenopopulations of Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica) growing in theKuznetsk Alatau. Methods. Nuclear microsatellite loci developed for P. sibirica were used as genetic markers. Results. 44 allelic variants were identified from 11 nuclear microsatellite loci, which significantly differ in the composition and frequency of occurrence of the studied P. sibirica coenopopulations. The highest level of allelic diversity is found in loci Ps_80612 and Ps_1502048, where 8 and 7 alleles were identified, respectively. The calculation of the main parameters of genetic diversity showed a relatively low level of polymorphism in the studied samples (NA = 3.078; NE = 1.877; HE = 0.445; HO = 0.401). The assessment of the degree of genetic differences between populations using the Nei genetic distance (DN) showed that, despite the low genetic differentiation (DN varies from 0.019 to 0.061), the differences between them can be traced quite clearly. Conclusions. Differences in the level of genetic polymorphism of P. sibirica is defined by the presence of orographic and phytocoenotic barriers between coenopopulations, as well as a high degree of ecological and anthropogenic extremity of individual growth sites. \u0000Keywords: Pinus sibirica, Kuznetsk Alatau, microsatellites, genetic diversity, heterozygosity.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78295838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. To analyse effectiveness of introduced genes of ornithine-δ-aminotransferase (oat) Medicago truncatula and fragments of two copies of first exon and intron of the gene prolinedehydrogenase (pdh) of Arabidopsis thaliana, that form double stranded RNA suppressor of gene of the prolinedehydrogenase wheat, in the increase of her productivity for the actions ofosmotic stress. Methods. Determination of the content of free L-proline (Pro); of the activity of the enzyme ornithine-δ-aminotransferase (OAT), the activity of proline dehydrogenase (PDG), indicators of crop structure. Results. It was found that wheat plants with an additional copy of the oat gene are characterized by increased OAT activity, which is not reflected in the Pro content. Analysis of plants with integrated elements that form a double-stranded RNA suppressor of the pdh gene found a decrease in PDG activity and an increase in Pro content. It was found that T2 generation of biotechnological plants UK 322/17 with suppressor of the pdh gene and UK 95/17 with an additional copy of the oat gene, in drought conditions were characterized by higher rates for a number of crop elements compared to their original forms. Conclusions. Increased expression of the oat gene leads to improved wheat growth, which has a positive effect on plant productivity in conditions of water deficiency. Partial suppression of the proline dehydrogenase gene causes improved performance due to the increased content of free proline during drought. Keywords: wheat, transgenic plants, proline, ornithine-δ-aminotransferase, proline dehydrogenase, soil drought, grain productivity.
{"title":". Genes of proline metabolism in biotechnology of increasing wheat osmostability","authors":"S. Mykhalska, A. Komisarenko, V. M. Kurchii","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v28.1382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v28.1382","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To analyse effectiveness of introduced genes of ornithine-δ-aminotransferase (oat) Medicago truncatula and fragments of two copies of first exon and intron of the gene prolinedehydrogenase (pdh) of Arabidopsis thaliana, that form double stranded RNA suppressor of gene of the prolinedehydrogenase wheat, in the increase of her productivity for the actions ofosmotic stress. Methods. Determination of the content of free L-proline (Pro); of the activity of the enzyme ornithine-δ-aminotransferase (OAT), the activity of proline dehydrogenase (PDG), indicators of crop structure. Results. It was found that wheat plants with an additional copy of the oat gene are characterized by increased OAT activity, which is not reflected in the Pro content. Analysis of plants with integrated elements that form a double-stranded RNA suppressor of the pdh gene found a decrease in PDG activity and an increase in Pro content. It was found that T2 generation of biotechnological plants UK 322/17 with suppressor of the pdh gene and UK 95/17 with an additional copy of the oat gene, in drought conditions were characterized by higher rates for a number of crop elements compared to their original forms. Conclusions. Increased expression of the oat gene leads to improved wheat growth, which has a positive effect on plant productivity in conditions of water deficiency. Partial suppression of the proline dehydrogenase gene causes improved performance due to the increased content of free proline during drought. \u0000Keywords: wheat, transgenic plants, proline, ornithine-δ-aminotransferase, proline dehydrogenase, soil drought, grain productivity.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80001249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu. O. Bilonozhko, A. Rabokon, A. Postovoitova, L. Kalafat, N. S. Boĭko, S. M. Pryvalikhin, T. V. Topchii, A. Demkovych, Y. Blume, Y. Pirko
Aim. The aim of the study was to establish genetic differences between V. album growing in different parts of Ukraine. Methods. White mistletoe samples collected in different regions of Ukraine were used in the study. The method of estimating the intron length polymorphism of β-tubulin genes was used. Amplified DNA fragments were fractionated by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and visualized by silver nitrate staining. Results. The genotypes of 91 white mistletoe plants were analyzed. DNA profiles of white mistletoe with a specific amplicons of β-tubulin gene introns were obtained, which allowed to differentiate the samples from each other. Fingerprinting data were used for cluster analysis and dendrogram construction. Conclusions. It was found that the analyzed mistletoe samples did not differ by geographical factor and were characterized by a low level of genetic diversity in the studied samples. Keywords: Viscum album L., intron length polymorphism, β-tubulin, genetic variability, Ukraine.
的目标。这项研究的目的是建立在乌克兰不同地区生长的V. album之间的遗传差异。方法。研究中使用了在乌克兰不同地区收集的白槲寄生样本。采用β-微管蛋白基因内含子长度多态性估计方法。扩增的DNA片段经非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离，硝酸银染色显示。结果。对91株白槲寄生植物进行了基因型分析。获得了具有β-微管蛋白内含子特异性扩增子的白槲寄生的DNA图谱，从而使样品能够相互区分。指纹图谱数据用于聚类分析和树状图构建。结论。结果表明，所分析的槲寄生样品不受地理因素的影响，具有遗传多样性较低的特点。关键词:Viscum album L.，内含子长度多态性，β-微管蛋白，遗传变异，乌克兰
{"title":"Genetic polymorphism of white mistletoe (Viscum album L.) in Ukraine","authors":"Yu. O. Bilonozhko, A. Rabokon, A. Postovoitova, L. Kalafat, N. S. Boĭko, S. M. Pryvalikhin, T. V. Topchii, A. Demkovych, Y. Blume, Y. Pirko","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v28.1372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v28.1372","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim of the study was to establish genetic differences between V. album growing in different parts of Ukraine. Methods. White mistletoe samples collected in different regions of Ukraine were used in the study. The method of estimating the intron length polymorphism of β-tubulin genes was used. Amplified DNA fragments were fractionated by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and visualized by silver nitrate staining. Results. The genotypes of 91 white mistletoe plants were analyzed. DNA profiles of white mistletoe with a specific amplicons of β-tubulin gene introns were obtained, which allowed to differentiate the samples from each other. Fingerprinting data were used for cluster analysis and dendrogram construction. Conclusions. It was found that the analyzed mistletoe samples did not differ by geographical factor and were characterized by a low level of genetic diversity in the studied samples. \u0000Keywords: Viscum album L., intron length polymorphism, β-tubulin, genetic variability, Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90468258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. The aim is to assess the intensity of the impact of recreation and vehicle emissions on the Kyiv park ecosystems. Methods. Used methods of ecology, phytoindications. Results. We analyzed the recreational load on 18 park ecosystems within the city of Kyiv. GIS modeling was performed and a gradient of the state ecosystems of Kyiv was built according to the integrated indicator of recreational impact and vehicle emissions. The created map-scheme according to the integrated indicator of the severity of the impact (W) reflects the ecological situation in the studied Kyiv park ecosystems and indicates their significant transformation in the conditions of the megalopolis. The tendency to decrease the number and intensity of manifestations of recreational exposure with increasing severity of exposure (W) is calculated. According to GIS modeling by W and taking into account the prevailing wind directions in the city of Kyiv, it was found that 50% of the studied parks are in critical danger, 30% – in a threatening condition, only the «Pushcha-Vodytsya» park is in a stable condition. The best condition of park ecosystems DShK park, «Peremoha» park; «Babyn Yar», «Nyvky» park, «Lysa Hora» tract, Holosiivskyi National Park. Conclusions. It is important to constantly monitor and preserve natural ecosystems and green infrastructure in large cities. This requires the timely adoption of balanced and correct management decisions both at the level of local authorities and within the state.Keywords: recreation, motor vehicle pollution, urban ecosystem, integrated assessment.
{"title":"Gradient of anthropogenic load on park ecosystems of megalopolis","authors":"N. Miroshnyk, O. Tertychna, I. Teslenko","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v29.1413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v29.1413","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim is to assess the intensity of the impact of recreation and vehicle emissions on the Kyiv park ecosystems. Methods. Used methods of ecology, phytoindications. Results. We analyzed the recreational load on 18 park ecosystems within the city of Kyiv. GIS modeling was performed and a gradient of the state ecosystems of Kyiv was built according to the integrated indicator of recreational impact and vehicle emissions. The created map-scheme according to the integrated indicator of the severity of the impact (W) reflects the ecological situation in the studied Kyiv park ecosystems and indicates their significant transformation in the conditions of the megalopolis. The tendency to decrease the number and intensity of manifestations of recreational exposure with increasing severity of exposure (W) is calculated. According to GIS modeling by W and taking into account the prevailing wind directions in the city of Kyiv, it was found that 50% of the studied parks are in critical danger, 30% – in a threatening condition, only the «Pushcha-Vodytsya» park is in a stable condition. The best condition of park ecosystems DShK park, «Peremoha» park; «Babyn Yar», «Nyvky» park, «Lysa Hora» tract, Holosiivskyi National Park. Conclusions. It is important to constantly monitor and preserve natural ecosystems and green infrastructure in large cities. This requires the timely adoption of balanced and correct management decisions both at the level of local authorities and within the state.Keywords: recreation, motor vehicle pollution, urban ecosystem, integrated assessment.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90868813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Tkach, N. Huleyuk, D. Zastavna, G. Bezkorovaina, N. Helner, T. V. Fedushun, T. B. Snizhko, O. V. Benko
Aim. The prognosis of the reproductive function of women with pregnancy loss is complex and partly based on the results of karyotyping of material of reproductive loss. We studied the features of the karyotype of material of EPL depending on the reproductive history of women with an emphasis on viable and non–viable karyotype abnormalities(KA). Methods. Banding cytogenetic and interphase mFISH with the centromeric probe panel for chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22, X and Y were used. Results. Were examined 1734 cases of material EPL. Abnormal karyotype was set in 39.3% of cases. The frequency of KA is not significantly different in the material of EPL obtained from women with different reproductive history, namely: first pregnancy loss– 38.9% RPL – 38.2% and SPL – 41.0% (P> 0.05). In the group with RPL significantly more frequent non–viable KA and less viable KA, compared with a group of SPL namely 70.15% and 29.85% compared to 58.85% and 41.15% respectively(P<0.025). Conclusions. The contribution of different KA in genesis of the EPL depends on the reproductive history of women, namely women with RPL significantly increases the proportion of non–viable KA and reduced contribution viable KA compared with a group of SPL. Keywords: early reproductive loss, maternal reproductive history, karyotype abnormalities.
{"title":"Characteristic of the karyotype of products of conception depending on reproductive history of women","authors":"I. Tkach, N. Huleyuk, D. Zastavna, G. Bezkorovaina, N. Helner, T. V. Fedushun, T. B. Snizhko, O. V. Benko","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v29.1425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v29.1425","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The prognosis of the reproductive function of women with pregnancy loss is complex and partly based on the results of karyotyping of material of reproductive loss. We studied the features of the karyotype of material of EPL depending on the reproductive history of women with an emphasis on viable and non–viable karyotype abnormalities(KA). Methods. Banding cytogenetic and interphase mFISH with the centromeric probe panel for chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22, X and Y were used. Results. Were examined 1734 cases of material EPL. Abnormal karyotype was set in 39.3% of cases. The frequency of KA is not significantly different in the material of EPL obtained from women with different reproductive history, namely: first pregnancy loss– 38.9% RPL – 38.2% and SPL – 41.0% (P> 0.05). In the group with RPL significantly more frequent non–viable KA and less viable KA, compared with a group of SPL namely 70.15% and 29.85% compared to 58.85% and 41.15% respectively(P<0.025). Conclusions. The contribution of different KA in genesis of the EPL depends on the reproductive history of women, namely women with RPL significantly increases the proportion of non–viable KA and reduced contribution viable KA compared with a group of SPL. \u0000Keywords: early reproductive loss, maternal reproductive history, karyotype abnormalities.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89925173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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