Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.1027/2192-0923/a000238
{"title":"Correction to Jarry et al., 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.1027/2192-0923/a000238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000238","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":121896,"journal":{"name":"Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128270137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1027/2192-0923/a000235
Julia Behrend, M. Thomas
{"title":"Welcome From the New Editorial Team","authors":"Julia Behrend, M. Thomas","doi":"10.1027/2192-0923/a000235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000235","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":121896,"journal":{"name":"Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128449089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1027/2192-0923/a000232
M. Martinussen, O. C. Lang-Ree, Håvard Mjøen, Bengt Svendsen, Adrian Barone
Abstract. The main purpose of this study was to examine the predictive validity of the system used for ab initio selection of candidates to a bachelor program in aviation. The selection includes paper-and-pencil tests, computer-based tests, and an interview. A total of 188 candidates participated in the validation study. The total test score predicted the results of three exams in aviation theory ( r = .27–.38) and extra flying hours needed (−.22), but not mean university grade. The regression analyses indicated that all predictors (tests and interview ratings) explained 25% of the variance in aviation theory, 19% in extra flying hours needed, and 7% in mean university grade. The overall findings confirmed the predictive validity of selection tests, especially the computer-based tests.
{"title":"Predicting Commercial Pilot Training Performance","authors":"M. Martinussen, O. C. Lang-Ree, Håvard Mjøen, Bengt Svendsen, Adrian Barone","doi":"10.1027/2192-0923/a000232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000232","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The main purpose of this study was to examine the predictive validity of the system used for ab initio selection of candidates to a bachelor program in aviation. The selection includes paper-and-pencil tests, computer-based tests, and an interview. A total of 188 candidates participated in the validation study. The total test score predicted the results of three exams in aviation theory ( r = .27–.38) and extra flying hours needed (−.22), but not mean university grade. The regression analyses indicated that all predictors (tests and interview ratings) explained 25% of the variance in aviation theory, 19% in extra flying hours needed, and 7% in mean university grade. The overall findings confirmed the predictive validity of selection tests, especially the computer-based tests.","PeriodicalId":121896,"journal":{"name":"Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131788789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1027/2192-0923/a000233
Marianne Jarry, Colin Blättler, Vincent Ferrari
Abstract. The study presented here aims to objectively measure the persistence in time of situation awareness (SA) in beyond-visual-range (BVR) situations. How long does a pilot maintain SA of air traffic communicated by radio? Overall, 63 participants (non-pilot and pilot trainees) had to position air traffic on a map based on radio calls. This study presents two new findings: (1) The spatial representation developed from audioverbal information has an anticipatory component and (2) this anticipation is time-bound. These results are encouraging for the development of an objective method measuring the factors that enhance or impair the anticipation of SA such as the division of attention. This study could lead to new aeronautical rules specifying how long a BVR situation can be held.
{"title":"Time Course of Anticipation in Pilots’ Beyond-Visual-Range Situation Awareness","authors":"Marianne Jarry, Colin Blättler, Vincent Ferrari","doi":"10.1027/2192-0923/a000233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000233","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The study presented here aims to objectively measure the persistence in time of situation awareness (SA) in beyond-visual-range (BVR) situations. How long does a pilot maintain SA of air traffic communicated by radio? Overall, 63 participants (non-pilot and pilot trainees) had to position air traffic on a map based on radio calls. This study presents two new findings: (1) The spatial representation developed from audioverbal information has an anticipatory component and (2) this anticipation is time-bound. These results are encouraging for the development of an objective method measuring the factors that enhance or impair the anticipation of SA such as the division of attention. This study could lead to new aeronautical rules specifying how long a BVR situation can be held.","PeriodicalId":121896,"journal":{"name":"Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129542319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1027/2192-0923/a000229
E. Mathews, Joan Carson, Steven Singleton, Enrique “Rick” Valdes, E. Williams
Abstract. Linguistic and operational experts reviewed accident investigation reports covering a 22-year period (1990–2012) revealing that language factors impact aviation safety in a variety of ways, in contexts extending beyond pilot and air traffic controller communications. The investigation of possible language factors is not accorded the same degree of systematic and expert analysis as is given to the investigation of other human performance and operational factors.
{"title":"Investigating Language Factors in Aviation Accidents","authors":"E. Mathews, Joan Carson, Steven Singleton, Enrique “Rick” Valdes, E. Williams","doi":"10.1027/2192-0923/a000229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000229","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Linguistic and operational experts reviewed accident investigation reports covering a 22-year period (1990–2012) revealing that language factors impact aviation safety in a variety of ways, in contexts extending beyond pilot and air traffic controller communications. The investigation of possible language factors is not accorded the same degree of systematic and expert analysis as is given to the investigation of other human performance and operational factors.","PeriodicalId":121896,"journal":{"name":"Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124533740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1027/2192-0923/a000228
D. Damos, A. Bittner, Mary Niemczyk
Abstract. This study determined the predictive validity for the number correct (COR) and the number wrong (WR) of a complex perceptual speed test at three milestones in a collegiate flight training program. Test–retest data were obtained at different intervals. COR predicted time to solo ( N = 119, r = −.15, p < .05) and time to the private pilot certificate ( N = 51, r = −.34, p < .01). WR did not correlate with any performance measure. Test–retest reliabilities averaged across 17 months were r = .604 for COR and r = .431 for WR, with p < .0001 for both. A factor analysis of the test–retest data demonstrated that WR and COR loaded on different factors, indicating that they assess different attributes.
摘要本研究确定了在大学飞行训练计划的三个里程碑的复杂知觉速度测试的正确数(COR)和错误数(WR)的预测效度。以不同的间隔获得测试-重测试数据。COR预测独奏时间(N = 119, r =−)。15, p < 0.05)和时间对私人飞行员证书的影响(N = 51, r =−。34, p < 0.01)。WR与任何绩效指标都没有相关性。17个月的平均重测信度，COR为r = 0.604, WR为r = 0.431，两者的p < 0.0001。对重测数据的因子分析表明，WR和COR在不同的因子上负载，表明它们评估不同的属性。
{"title":"Predicting Flight Training Performance From the Tabular Speed Test","authors":"D. Damos, A. Bittner, Mary Niemczyk","doi":"10.1027/2192-0923/a000228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000228","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study determined the predictive validity for the number correct (COR) and the number wrong (WR) of a complex perceptual speed test at three milestones in a collegiate flight training program. Test–retest data were obtained at different intervals. COR predicted time to solo ( N = 119, r = −.15, p < .05) and time to the private pilot certificate ( N = 51, r = −.34, p < .01). WR did not correlate with any performance measure. Test–retest reliabilities averaged across 17 months were r = .604 for COR and r = .431 for WR, with p < .0001 for both. A factor analysis of the test–retest data demonstrated that WR and COR loaded on different factors, indicating that they assess different attributes.","PeriodicalId":121896,"journal":{"name":"Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121224717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-05DOI: 10.1027/2192-0923/a000226
Michael Newman, Steve Scott
Abstract. Aviation maintenance organizations that monitor frequencies of contributory factor taxonomy codes historically struggle to identify which contributory factors are most potent. This research used Boeing’s Maintenance Error Decision Aid (MEDA) to categorize 138 aviation maintenance accident, incident, and occurrence report narratives. Analyses of contingency tables using Pearson’s chi-square, lambda, and odds ratio statistics revealed that a modest frequency of communication was highly significantly associated with leadership and supervision, individual factors, and technical knowledge contributory factors. The results demonstrate that use of these analyses goes beyond frequency and singular associative methods to identify the presence and strength of associations between contributory factors.
{"title":"Identifying the Important Contributory Factors From Maintenance Error Decision Aid (MEDA) Data","authors":"Michael Newman, Steve Scott","doi":"10.1027/2192-0923/a000226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000226","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Aviation maintenance organizations that monitor frequencies of contributory factor taxonomy codes historically struggle to identify which contributory factors are most potent. This research used Boeing’s Maintenance Error Decision Aid (MEDA) to categorize 138 aviation maintenance accident, incident, and occurrence report narratives. Analyses of contingency tables using Pearson’s chi-square, lambda, and odds ratio statistics revealed that a modest frequency of communication was highly significantly associated with leadership and supervision, individual factors, and technical knowledge contributory factors. The results demonstrate that use of these analyses goes beyond frequency and singular associative methods to identify the presence and strength of associations between contributory factors.","PeriodicalId":121896,"journal":{"name":"Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129548438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1027/2192-0923/a000222
D. Dehn, M. Damitz
Abstract. Most test batteries for the selection of ab initio air traffic controllers (ATCOs) include a personality questionnaire. However, the literature suggests that the relationship between personality and job performance is not straightforward: Correlations are found only for a limited set of personality factors, depend on job characteristics, and are at best small to moderate in size. Moreover, the relationship between personality scores and performance can be curvilinear rather than linear. This research investigates whether a personality test used for the selection of ATCOs predicts subsequent training performance. Training performance was measured in terms of instructor ratings ( N = 262) and training outcome ( N = 431). The rated training performance correlated positively with general self-efficacy and team orientation, and negatively with negativity and vulnerability. For some traits (i.e., general self-efficacy and rebelliousness), curvilinear relationships were found. A comparison of trait scores between students who had successfully completed and those who had failed the training showed significant differences for 10 of the 17 measured traits, all of which were in the expected direction.
{"title":"Do Personality Traits Predict Training Performance?","authors":"D. Dehn, M. Damitz","doi":"10.1027/2192-0923/a000222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000222","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Most test batteries for the selection of ab initio air traffic controllers (ATCOs) include a personality questionnaire. However, the literature suggests that the relationship between personality and job performance is not straightforward: Correlations are found only for a limited set of personality factors, depend on job characteristics, and are at best small to moderate in size. Moreover, the relationship between personality scores and performance can be curvilinear rather than linear. This research investigates whether a personality test used for the selection of ATCOs predicts subsequent training performance. Training performance was measured in terms of instructor ratings ( N = 262) and training outcome ( N = 431). The rated training performance correlated positively with general self-efficacy and team orientation, and negatively with negativity and vulnerability. For some traits (i.e., general self-efficacy and rebelliousness), curvilinear relationships were found. A comparison of trait scores between students who had successfully completed and those who had failed the training showed significant differences for 10 of the 17 measured traits, all of which were in the expected direction.","PeriodicalId":121896,"journal":{"name":"Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126812346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1027/2192-0923/a000227
Margit Kanka, M. Schwarz
{"title":"10th International Summer School on Aviation Psychology","authors":"Margit Kanka, M. Schwarz","doi":"10.1027/2192-0923/a000227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000227","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":121896,"journal":{"name":"Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124919491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1027/2192-0923/a000219
Weronika Tomaszewska-Collins, Philip B. Clarke
Abstract. This study uses a phenomenological approach to explore the experience of choking (underperformance) among commercial pilots. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight pilots, including three examiners (as observers of choking). Findings revealed three superordinate themes: choking under pressure, short-term consequences of choking, and long-term consequences of choking. Collectively, choking was found to be a traumatic event with negative short-term consequences and a potential to lead to constructive long-term outcomes. Practical implications of the findings are discussed, suggesting ways to optimize pilots’ performance through focusing more on psychoeducation and emotional support of employees after choking.
{"title":"A Qualitative Exploration of Choking Under Pressure in Commercial Airline Pilots","authors":"Weronika Tomaszewska-Collins, Philip B. Clarke","doi":"10.1027/2192-0923/a000219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000219","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study uses a phenomenological approach to explore the experience of choking (underperformance) among commercial pilots. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight pilots, including three examiners (as observers of choking). Findings revealed three superordinate themes: choking under pressure, short-term consequences of choking, and long-term consequences of choking. Collectively, choking was found to be a traumatic event with negative short-term consequences and a potential to lead to constructive long-term outcomes. Practical implications of the findings are discussed, suggesting ways to optimize pilots’ performance through focusing more on psychoeducation and emotional support of employees after choking.","PeriodicalId":121896,"journal":{"name":"Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124587846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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