Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.1186/s42408-024-00287-7
Di Lin, Vincenzo Giannico, Raffaele Lafortezza, Giovanni Sanesi, Mario Elia
Mediterranean forests are increasingly threatened by wildfires, with fuel load playing a crucial role in fire dynamics and behaviors. Accurate fuel load determination contributes substantially to the wildfire monitoring, management, and prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data in estimating fine dead fuel load, focusing on the development of models using LiDAR-derived metrics to predict various categories of fine dead fuel load. The estimation of fine dead fuel load was performed by the integration of field data and airborne LiDAR data by applying multiple linear regression analysis. Model performance was evaluated by the coefficient of determination (R2), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). Through multiple linear regression models, the study explored the relationship between LiDAR-derived height and canopy cover metrics and different types of fine dead fuel load (1-h, 10-h, 100-h fuel loads, and litter). The accuracy of these models varied, with litter prediction showing the highest accuracy (R2 = 0.569, nRMSE = 0.158). In contrast, the 1-h fuel load prediction was the least accurate (R2 = 0.521, nRMSE = 0.168). The analysis highlighted the significance of specific LiDAR metrics in predicting different fuel loads, revealing a strong correlation between the vertical structure of vegetation and the accumulation of fine dead fuels. The findings demonstrate the potential of airborne LiDAR data in accurately estimating fine dead fuel loads in Mediterranean forests. This capability is significant for enhancing wildfire management, including risk assessment and mitigation. The study underscores the relevance of LiDAR in environmental monitoring and forest management, particularly in regions prone to wildfires.
{"title":"Use of airborne LiDAR to predict fine dead fuel load in Mediterranean forest stands of Southern Europe","authors":"Di Lin, Vincenzo Giannico, Raffaele Lafortezza, Giovanni Sanesi, Mario Elia","doi":"10.1186/s42408-024-00287-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00287-7","url":null,"abstract":"Mediterranean forests are increasingly threatened by wildfires, with fuel load playing a crucial role in fire dynamics and behaviors. Accurate fuel load determination contributes substantially to the wildfire monitoring, management, and prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data in estimating fine dead fuel load, focusing on the development of models using LiDAR-derived metrics to predict various categories of fine dead fuel load. The estimation of fine dead fuel load was performed by the integration of field data and airborne LiDAR data by applying multiple linear regression analysis. Model performance was evaluated by the coefficient of determination (R2), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). Through multiple linear regression models, the study explored the relationship between LiDAR-derived height and canopy cover metrics and different types of fine dead fuel load (1-h, 10-h, 100-h fuel loads, and litter). The accuracy of these models varied, with litter prediction showing the highest accuracy (R2 = 0.569, nRMSE = 0.158). In contrast, the 1-h fuel load prediction was the least accurate (R2 = 0.521, nRMSE = 0.168). The analysis highlighted the significance of specific LiDAR metrics in predicting different fuel loads, revealing a strong correlation between the vertical structure of vegetation and the accumulation of fine dead fuels. The findings demonstrate the potential of airborne LiDAR data in accurately estimating fine dead fuel loads in Mediterranean forests. This capability is significant for enhancing wildfire management, including risk assessment and mitigation. The study underscores the relevance of LiDAR in environmental monitoring and forest management, particularly in regions prone to wildfires.","PeriodicalId":12273,"journal":{"name":"Fire Ecology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1186/s42408-024-00289-5
Fahad Shahzad, Kaleem Mehmood, Khadim Hussain, Ijlal Haidar, Shoaib Ahmad Anees, Sultan Muhammad, Jamshid Ali, Muhammad Adnan, Zhichao Wang, Zhongke Feng
Vegetation fires have major impacts on the ecosystem and present a significant threat to human life. Vegetation fires consists of forest fires, cropland fires, and other vegetation fires in this study. Currently, there is a limited amount of research on the long-term prediction of vegetation fires in Pakistan. The exact effect of every factor on the frequency of vegetation fires remains unclear when using standard analysis. This research utilized the high proficiency of machine learning algorithms to combine data from several sources, including the MODIS Global Fire Atlas dataset, topographic, climatic conditions, and different vegetation types acquired between 2001 and 2022. We tested many algorithms and ultimately chose four models for formal data processing. Their selection was based on their performance metrics, such as accuracy, computational efficiency, and preliminary test results. The model’s logistic regression, a random forest, a support vector machine, and an eXtreme Gradient Boosting were used to identify and select the nine key factors of forest and cropland fires and, in the case of other vegetation, seven key factors that cause a fire in Pakistan. The findings indicated that the vegetation fire prediction models achieved prediction accuracies ranging from 78.7 to 87.5% for forest fires, 70.4 to 84.0% for cropland fires, and 66.6 to 83.1% for other vegetation. Additionally, the area under the curve (AUC) values ranged from 83.6 to 93.4% in forest fires, 72.6 to 90.6% in cropland fires, and 74.2 to 90.7% in other vegetation. The random forest model had the highest accuracy rate of 87.5% in forest fires, 84.0% in cropland fires, and 83.1% in other vegetation and also the highest AUC value of 93.4% in forest fires, 90.6% in cropland fires, and 90.7% in other vegetation, proving to be the most optimal performance model. The models provided predictive insights into specific conditions and regional susceptibilities to fire occurrences, adding significant value beyond the initial MODIS detection data. The maps generated to analyze Pakistan’s vegetation fire risk showed the geographical distribution of areas with high, moderate, and low vegetation fire risks, highlighting predictive risk assessments rather than historical fire detections.
{"title":"Comparing machine learning algorithms to predict vegetation fire detections in Pakistan","authors":"Fahad Shahzad, Kaleem Mehmood, Khadim Hussain, Ijlal Haidar, Shoaib Ahmad Anees, Sultan Muhammad, Jamshid Ali, Muhammad Adnan, Zhichao Wang, Zhongke Feng","doi":"10.1186/s42408-024-00289-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00289-5","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetation fires have major impacts on the ecosystem and present a significant threat to human life. Vegetation fires consists of forest fires, cropland fires, and other vegetation fires in this study. Currently, there is a limited amount of research on the long-term prediction of vegetation fires in Pakistan. The exact effect of every factor on the frequency of vegetation fires remains unclear when using standard analysis. This research utilized the high proficiency of machine learning algorithms to combine data from several sources, including the MODIS Global Fire Atlas dataset, topographic, climatic conditions, and different vegetation types acquired between 2001 and 2022. We tested many algorithms and ultimately chose four models for formal data processing. Their selection was based on their performance metrics, such as accuracy, computational efficiency, and preliminary test results. The model’s logistic regression, a random forest, a support vector machine, and an eXtreme Gradient Boosting were used to identify and select the nine key factors of forest and cropland fires and, in the case of other vegetation, seven key factors that cause a fire in Pakistan. The findings indicated that the vegetation fire prediction models achieved prediction accuracies ranging from 78.7 to 87.5% for forest fires, 70.4 to 84.0% for cropland fires, and 66.6 to 83.1% for other vegetation. Additionally, the area under the curve (AUC) values ranged from 83.6 to 93.4% in forest fires, 72.6 to 90.6% in cropland fires, and 74.2 to 90.7% in other vegetation. The random forest model had the highest accuracy rate of 87.5% in forest fires, 84.0% in cropland fires, and 83.1% in other vegetation and also the highest AUC value of 93.4% in forest fires, 90.6% in cropland fires, and 90.7% in other vegetation, proving to be the most optimal performance model. The models provided predictive insights into specific conditions and regional susceptibilities to fire occurrences, adding significant value beyond the initial MODIS detection data. The maps generated to analyze Pakistan’s vegetation fire risk showed the geographical distribution of areas with high, moderate, and low vegetation fire risks, highlighting predictive risk assessments rather than historical fire detections.","PeriodicalId":12273,"journal":{"name":"Fire Ecology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-24DOI: 10.1186/s42408-024-00285-9
Margaret D. Epstein, Carl A. Seielstad, Christopher J. Moran
Anthropogenic climate change is expected to catalyze forest conversion to grass and shrublands due to more extreme fire behavior and hotter and drier post-fire conditions. However, field surveys in the Northern Rocky Mountains of the United States show robust conifer regeneration on burned sites. This study utilizes a machine learning (GBM) approach to monitor canopy cover systematically on a census of burned areas in two large wilderness areas from 1985 to 2021, to contextualize these recent field surveys and create a monitoring baseline for future change. A predictive model was developed from coincident LiDAR and Landsat observations and used to create time series of canopy cover on 352 burned sites (individual wildfires subset by number of times burned), which were then summarized using fire impact and recovery metrics. Fire impact, defined as canopy cover loss relative to pre-fire condition, was highly correlated with burn severity (Spearman’s R = 0.70). Recovery was characterized by the following: (1) whether a burned area began gaining canopy cover and (2) how long would it take to reach pre-fire cover given observed rates of gain. Eighty-five percent of the land area studied showed evidence of recovery. Areas that are failing to recover are burning more recently than their recovering counterparts, with 60% of non-recovering sites burning for the first time after 2003. However, the 5-year probability of recovery is similar among recent burns and for those that burned earlier in the record, suggesting that they may recover with more time. Once sites begin recovering, median time to reach pre-fire cover is 40 years. Seven sites have expected recovery times greater than 200 years, six of which burned for the first time after 2006. Overall, burned sites in wilderness areas of the Northern Rocky Mountains are broadly recovering from wildfire. However, anthropogenic climate change adds a layer of uncertainty to the future prognosis of conifer recovery. This work provides a framework for systematic monitoring into the future and establishes a baseline of impact and recovery in the mountains of western Montana and northern Idaho.
{"title":"Impact and recovery of forest cover following wildfire in the Northern Rocky Mountains of the United States","authors":"Margaret D. Epstein, Carl A. Seielstad, Christopher J. Moran","doi":"10.1186/s42408-024-00285-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00285-9","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic climate change is expected to catalyze forest conversion to grass and shrublands due to more extreme fire behavior and hotter and drier post-fire conditions. However, field surveys in the Northern Rocky Mountains of the United States show robust conifer regeneration on burned sites. This study utilizes a machine learning (GBM) approach to monitor canopy cover systematically on a census of burned areas in two large wilderness areas from 1985 to 2021, to contextualize these recent field surveys and create a monitoring baseline for future change. A predictive model was developed from coincident LiDAR and Landsat observations and used to create time series of canopy cover on 352 burned sites (individual wildfires subset by number of times burned), which were then summarized using fire impact and recovery metrics. Fire impact, defined as canopy cover loss relative to pre-fire condition, was highly correlated with burn severity (Spearman’s R = 0.70). Recovery was characterized by the following: (1) whether a burned area began gaining canopy cover and (2) how long would it take to reach pre-fire cover given observed rates of gain. Eighty-five percent of the land area studied showed evidence of recovery. Areas that are failing to recover are burning more recently than their recovering counterparts, with 60% of non-recovering sites burning for the first time after 2003. However, the 5-year probability of recovery is similar among recent burns and for those that burned earlier in the record, suggesting that they may recover with more time. Once sites begin recovering, median time to reach pre-fire cover is 40 years. Seven sites have expected recovery times greater than 200 years, six of which burned for the first time after 2006. Overall, burned sites in wilderness areas of the Northern Rocky Mountains are broadly recovering from wildfire. However, anthropogenic climate change adds a layer of uncertainty to the future prognosis of conifer recovery. This work provides a framework for systematic monitoring into the future and establishes a baseline of impact and recovery in the mountains of western Montana and northern Idaho.","PeriodicalId":12273,"journal":{"name":"Fire Ecology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-24DOI: 10.1186/s42408-024-00286-8
Norma L. Fowler, Rebecca E. Carden
The eastern Edwards Plateau supports a mosaic of woodlands, savannas, and shrubland in which native plant and animal species are often still dominant. Some woodlands are dominated by a mix of native woody species, including Ashe juniper (Juniperus ashei), oak species (Quercus spp.), and other hardwoods. Other woodlands are nearly pure Ashe juniper; these are particularly susceptible to crown fires. The savannas were once, and still can be, maintained by surface fires. We hypothesize that frequent surface fires once kept some of the mixed woodlands more open and more diverse (a “lost community”) and that these fires would have reduced the abundance of Ashe juniper, which does not resprout from the base, and allowed oak regeneration, which is currently failing. The absence of fire, the current failure of oak regeneration, and high white-tailed deer densities together favor the “juniperization” of woodlands, that is, the conversion of mixed woodlands into nearly pure stands of Ashe juniper. Surface fires in savannas can sometimes control woody encroachment and the non-native grass King Ranch bluestem (Bothriochloa ischaemum), although the particular fire characteristics required are not yet clear. The current lack of fire in savannas favors their conversion to woodlands. Since under present conditions Ashe juniper is the primary encroacher, without fire or mechanical clearing these savannas are also on trajectories towards nearly pure stands of Ashe juniper. Prescribed fire, sometimes paired with mechanical thinning, offers land managers in this region a tool for achieving many goals, including increasing native biodiversity and reducing wildfire danger. However, more study of the effects of fires of different intensities and frequencies in these woodlands, savannas, and shrublands is needed to better inform the use of prescribed fire in this region.
{"title":"Roles of fire in the plant communities of the eastern Edwards Plateau of Texas","authors":"Norma L. Fowler, Rebecca E. Carden","doi":"10.1186/s42408-024-00286-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00286-8","url":null,"abstract":"The eastern Edwards Plateau supports a mosaic of woodlands, savannas, and shrubland in which native plant and animal species are often still dominant. Some woodlands are dominated by a mix of native woody species, including Ashe juniper (Juniperus ashei), oak species (Quercus spp.), and other hardwoods. Other woodlands are nearly pure Ashe juniper; these are particularly susceptible to crown fires. The savannas were once, and still can be, maintained by surface fires. We hypothesize that frequent surface fires once kept some of the mixed woodlands more open and more diverse (a “lost community”) and that these fires would have reduced the abundance of Ashe juniper, which does not resprout from the base, and allowed oak regeneration, which is currently failing. The absence of fire, the current failure of oak regeneration, and high white-tailed deer densities together favor the “juniperization” of woodlands, that is, the conversion of mixed woodlands into nearly pure stands of Ashe juniper. Surface fires in savannas can sometimes control woody encroachment and the non-native grass King Ranch bluestem (Bothriochloa ischaemum), although the particular fire characteristics required are not yet clear. The current lack of fire in savannas favors their conversion to woodlands. Since under present conditions Ashe juniper is the primary encroacher, without fire or mechanical clearing these savannas are also on trajectories towards nearly pure stands of Ashe juniper. Prescribed fire, sometimes paired with mechanical thinning, offers land managers in this region a tool for achieving many goals, including increasing native biodiversity and reducing wildfire danger. However, more study of the effects of fires of different intensities and frequencies in these woodlands, savannas, and shrublands is needed to better inform the use of prescribed fire in this region.","PeriodicalId":12273,"journal":{"name":"Fire Ecology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-29DOI: 10.1186/s42408-024-00284-w
Gavin M. Jones, Marion A. Clément, Christopher E. Latimer, Marilyn E. Wright, Jamie S. Sanderlin, Shaula J. Hedwall, Rebecca Kirby
<p><b>Correction</b><b>: </b><b>Fire Ecol 20, 37 (2024)</b></p><p><b>https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00271-1</b></p><br/><p>In this article (Jones et al. 2024) the Data availability statement was missing and should have read: The data analyzed in the current study are not publicly available because of the sensitive nature of disclosing the locations of threatened and endangered species but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.</p><p>The original article (Jones et al. 2024) has been updated.</p><ul data-track-component="outbound reference"><li><p>Jones, G.M., M.A. Clément, C.E. Latimer, et al. 2024. Frequent burning and limited stand-replacing fire supports Mexican spotted owl pair occupancy. <i>fire ecol</i> 20: 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00271-1.</p><p>Article Google Scholar </p></li></ul><p>Download references<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" role="img" width="16"><use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-download-medium" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"></use></svg></p><h3>Authors and Affiliations</h3><ol><li><p>USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Albuquerque, NM, USA</p><p>Gavin M. Jones & Marilyn E. Wright</p></li><li><p>Bird Conservancy of the Rockies, Fort Collins, CO, USA</p><p>Marion A. Clément & Christopher E. Latimer</p></li><li><p>USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ, USA</p><p>Jamie S. Sanderlin</p></li><li><p>US Fish and Wildlife Service, Arizona Fish & Wildlife Conservation Office, Flagstaff, AZ, USA</p><p>Shaula J. Hedwall</p></li><li><p>USDA Forest Service, Southwestern Region, Albuquerque, NM, USA</p><p>Rebecca Kirby</p></li></ol><span>Authors</span><ol><li><span>Gavin M. Jones</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Marion A. Clément</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Christopher E. Latimer</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Marilyn E. Wright</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Jamie S. Sanderlin</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Shaula J. Hedwall</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Rebecca Kirby</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li></ol><h3>Corresponding author</h3><p>Correspondence to Gavin M. Jones.</p><p><b>Open Access</b> This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, whic
更正：Fire Ecol 20, 37 (2024)https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00271-1In 这篇文章（Jones et al：由于披露受威胁和濒危物种位置的敏感性，本研究中分析的数据不对外公开，但可应合理要求从通讯作者处获得。原文（Jones et al. 2024）已更新。频繁的燃烧和有限的林分替代火支持墨西哥斑头鸺鹠的配对栖息。火灾生态 20: 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00271-1.Article Google Scholar 下载参考文献作者及工作单位美国农业部林务局，落基山研究站，阿尔伯克基，新墨西哥州，美国加文-M-琼斯及玛丽莲-E-赖特落基山脉鸟类保护协会，科罗拉多州科林斯堡，美国马里昂-A-克莱门特及克里斯托弗-E-拉提默美国农业部林务局，落基山研究站，阿尔伯克基，新墨西哥州，美国LatimerUSDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ, USAJamie S. SanderlinUS Fish and Wildlife Service, Arizona Fish & Wildlife Conservation Office, Flagstaff, AZ, USAShaula J. HedwallUSDA Forest Service, Southwestern Region, Albuquerque, NM, USARebecca Kirby作者加文.Jones查看作者发表的文章您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Marion A. Clément查看作者发表的文章您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Christopher E. Latimer查看作者发表的文章您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Christopher E. Latimer。LatimerView作者发表论文您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Marilyn E. WrightView作者发表论文您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Jamie S. SanderlinView作者发表论文您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Shaula J. HedwallView作者发表论文您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Rebecca KirbyView作者发表论文您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者通信作者：Gavin M. Jones。Jones.Open Access本文采用知识共享署名 4.0 国际许可协议进行许可，该协议允许以任何媒介或格式使用、共享、改编、分发和复制本文，只要您适当注明原作者和来源，提供知识共享许可协议的链接，并说明是否进行了修改。本文中的图片或其他第三方材料均包含在文章的知识共享许可协议中，除非在材料的署名栏中另有说明。如果材料未包含在文章的知识共享许可协议中，且您打算使用的材料不符合法律规定或超出许可使用范围，您需要直接从版权所有者处获得许可。要查看该许可的副本，请访问 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.Reprints and permissionsCite this articleJones, G.M., Clément, M.A., Latimer, C.E. et al. Correction：频繁的焚烧和有限的立地替代火支持墨西哥斑鸮的配对占用。Fire Ecol 20, 51 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00284-wDownload citationPublished: 29 May 2024DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00284-wShare this articleAnyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:Get shareable linkSorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative.
{"title":"Correction: Frequent burning and limited stand‑replacing fire supports Mexican spotted owl pair occupancy","authors":"Gavin M. Jones, Marion A. Clément, Christopher E. Latimer, Marilyn E. Wright, Jamie S. Sanderlin, Shaula J. Hedwall, Rebecca Kirby","doi":"10.1186/s42408-024-00284-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00284-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Correction</b><b>: </b><b>Fire Ecol 20, 37 (2024)</b></p><p><b>https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00271-1</b></p><br/><p>In this article (Jones et al. 2024) the Data availability statement was missing and should have read: The data analyzed in the current study are not publicly available because of the sensitive nature of disclosing the locations of threatened and endangered species but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.</p><p>The original article (Jones et al. 2024) has been updated.</p><ul data-track-component=\"outbound reference\"><li><p>Jones, G.M., M.A. Clément, C.E. Latimer, et al. 2024. Frequent burning and limited stand-replacing fire supports Mexican spotted owl pair occupancy. <i>fire ecol</i> 20: 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00271-1.</p><p>Article Google Scholar </p></li></ul><p>Download references<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" role=\"img\" width=\"16\"><use xlink:href=\"#icon-eds-i-download-medium\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"></use></svg></p><h3>Authors and Affiliations</h3><ol><li><p>USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Albuquerque, NM, USA</p><p>Gavin M. Jones & Marilyn E. Wright</p></li><li><p>Bird Conservancy of the Rockies, Fort Collins, CO, USA</p><p>Marion A. Clément & Christopher E. Latimer</p></li><li><p>USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ, USA</p><p>Jamie S. Sanderlin</p></li><li><p>US Fish and Wildlife Service, Arizona Fish & Wildlife Conservation Office, Flagstaff, AZ, USA</p><p>Shaula J. Hedwall</p></li><li><p>USDA Forest Service, Southwestern Region, Albuquerque, NM, USA</p><p>Rebecca Kirby</p></li></ol><span>Authors</span><ol><li><span>Gavin M. Jones</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Marion A. Clément</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Christopher E. Latimer</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Marilyn E. Wright</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Jamie S. Sanderlin</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Shaula J. Hedwall</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Rebecca Kirby</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li></ol><h3>Corresponding author</h3><p>Correspondence to Gavin M. Jones.</p><p><b>Open Access</b> This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, whic","PeriodicalId":12273,"journal":{"name":"Fire Ecology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141172254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.1186/s42408-024-00276-w
David Beltrán-Marcos, Susana Suárez-Seoane, José Manuel Fernández-Guisuraga, João C. Azevedo, Leonor Calvo
Designing effective land management actions addressed to increase ecosystem resilience requires us to understand how shifting fire regimes are shaping landscapes. In this study, we aim to assess the link between fire regime and pre-fire vegetation biophysical characteristics (type, amount, and structure) in controlling extreme fire behavior across Atlantic-Transition-Mediterranean bioregions in Spain marked by different summer drought conditions and dominant plant regenerative traits. We used remote sensing metrics to estimate fire severity and pre-fire vegetation characteristics in eight study areas recently affected by large and highly severe wildfires under different environmental contexts. Furthermore, to account for fire regime attributes, we retrieved, for each target wildfire, the perimeter of the past wildfires that occurred between 1985 and 2022 and calculated fire recurrence, the time the since last fire (TSLF), and fire severity of previous wildfires (FSPW). The effect of fire regime attributes on pre-fire vegetation was examined using generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs). During the study period, fire recurrence decreased significantly in all bioregions analyzed. Fire severity increased under Atlantic conditions and decreased under Mediterranean environmental context, where the time since the last fire was the highest. Pre-fire fuel type and amount were identified as primary drivers of fire severity, being both strongly modulated by fire regime but following distinct mechanisms depending on the environmental context of each bioregion. In Atlantic sites, more frequent past wildfires of low to moderate fire severity were associated with a greater dominance of fire-prone shrublands with moderate fuel amounts, which increases the risk of severe wildfires. Similar trends occurred in Transition and Mediterranean sites but under the previous occurrence of highly severe wildfires. Specifically, long times after highly severe wildfires (> 30 years) increased fuel amount in conifer-dominated ecosystems in all bioregions analyzed, heightening susceptibility to extreme fire behavior. Our findings highlight that fire-prone ecosystems need adaptative management strategies to mitigate the effects of fire regime changes, but these actions should be specific to the climatic and ecological context.
{"title":"Fire regime attributes shape pre-fire vegetation characteristics controlling extreme fire behavior under different bioregions in Spain","authors":"David Beltrán-Marcos, Susana Suárez-Seoane, José Manuel Fernández-Guisuraga, João C. Azevedo, Leonor Calvo","doi":"10.1186/s42408-024-00276-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00276-w","url":null,"abstract":"Designing effective land management actions addressed to increase ecosystem resilience requires us to understand how shifting fire regimes are shaping landscapes. In this study, we aim to assess the link between fire regime and pre-fire vegetation biophysical characteristics (type, amount, and structure) in controlling extreme fire behavior across Atlantic-Transition-Mediterranean bioregions in Spain marked by different summer drought conditions and dominant plant regenerative traits. We used remote sensing metrics to estimate fire severity and pre-fire vegetation characteristics in eight study areas recently affected by large and highly severe wildfires under different environmental contexts. Furthermore, to account for fire regime attributes, we retrieved, for each target wildfire, the perimeter of the past wildfires that occurred between 1985 and 2022 and calculated fire recurrence, the time the since last fire (TSLF), and fire severity of previous wildfires (FSPW). The effect of fire regime attributes on pre-fire vegetation was examined using generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs). During the study period, fire recurrence decreased significantly in all bioregions analyzed. Fire severity increased under Atlantic conditions and decreased under Mediterranean environmental context, where the time since the last fire was the highest. Pre-fire fuel type and amount were identified as primary drivers of fire severity, being both strongly modulated by fire regime but following distinct mechanisms depending on the environmental context of each bioregion. In Atlantic sites, more frequent past wildfires of low to moderate fire severity were associated with a greater dominance of fire-prone shrublands with moderate fuel amounts, which increases the risk of severe wildfires. Similar trends occurred in Transition and Mediterranean sites but under the previous occurrence of highly severe wildfires. Specifically, long times after highly severe wildfires (> 30 years) increased fuel amount in conifer-dominated ecosystems in all bioregions analyzed, heightening susceptibility to extreme fire behavior. Our findings highlight that fire-prone ecosystems need adaptative management strategies to mitigate the effects of fire regime changes, but these actions should be specific to the climatic and ecological context.","PeriodicalId":12273,"journal":{"name":"Fire Ecology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140939244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.1186/s42408-024-00277-9
Kate M. Wilkin, Amanda M. Stasiewicz, Susan D. Kocher
Globally, prescribed fire political interest and practice has been rekindled following recent devastating wildfire seasons. This phenomenon was especially acute in areas with dual wildfire and forest health crises, like California. Previous research has investigated prescribed fire on public lands or on private lands in other regions, but little is known about prescribed fire practice or interest on private lands in California. Therefore, we sought to understand private land managers’ perceptions of prescribed fire compared to other land management techniques, treatment pathways, motivations, and barriers to complete these treatments in California. Before workshops on prescribed fire for private lands, we surveyed participants in six prescribed fires on private lands workshops in the Central Sierra Nevada from 2018 to 2019 (N = 172). We found that participants “want to use” pile burns and broadcast prescribed fires more than other land management treatments. There was also a strong interest in mechanical treatments in contrast to low interest in grazing. Some participants had “heard about” and “want to use” some pathways to apply prescribed fire on their lands, including government programs, contractors, friends and family, and Prescribed Burn Associations (PBAs). People had multiple objectives for their prescribed fire goals, and the majority wanted to promote ecosystem health, e.g., reduce fire hazards, foster natural land health, and reduce invasive plants. Perceived barriers were greatest for safety, cost, and resources while fewer participants perceived permits as a barrier. Participants were in the early stages of considering using broadcast prescribed fire and would like to burn small areas, potentially to build confidence and skills. At the time of our research, there was strong interest in using prescribed fire on private lands, and some perceived best pathways and barriers to be unique from prescribed fire practice on public lands. At the same time, private lands managers who responded said they want to promote ecosystem health and reduce wildfire risk and impacts, which is a shared a common motivation with public lands managers. Studies and reports on prescribed burning need to clearly distinguish between broadcast prescribed burning and pile burning to ensure consistency in results and conclusions about prescribed fire use.
{"title":"Private landowner interest in prescribed fire in California: findings from workshops in the Sierra Nevada","authors":"Kate M. Wilkin, Amanda M. Stasiewicz, Susan D. Kocher","doi":"10.1186/s42408-024-00277-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00277-9","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, prescribed fire political interest and practice has been rekindled following recent devastating wildfire seasons. This phenomenon was especially acute in areas with dual wildfire and forest health crises, like California. Previous research has investigated prescribed fire on public lands or on private lands in other regions, but little is known about prescribed fire practice or interest on private lands in California. Therefore, we sought to understand private land managers’ perceptions of prescribed fire compared to other land management techniques, treatment pathways, motivations, and barriers to complete these treatments in California. Before workshops on prescribed fire for private lands, we surveyed participants in six prescribed fires on private lands workshops in the Central Sierra Nevada from 2018 to 2019 (N = 172). We found that participants “want to use” pile burns and broadcast prescribed fires more than other land management treatments. There was also a strong interest in mechanical treatments in contrast to low interest in grazing. Some participants had “heard about” and “want to use” some pathways to apply prescribed fire on their lands, including government programs, contractors, friends and family, and Prescribed Burn Associations (PBAs). People had multiple objectives for their prescribed fire goals, and the majority wanted to promote ecosystem health, e.g., reduce fire hazards, foster natural land health, and reduce invasive plants. Perceived barriers were greatest for safety, cost, and resources while fewer participants perceived permits as a barrier. Participants were in the early stages of considering using broadcast prescribed fire and would like to burn small areas, potentially to build confidence and skills. At the time of our research, there was strong interest in using prescribed fire on private lands, and some perceived best pathways and barriers to be unique from prescribed fire practice on public lands. At the same time, private lands managers who responded said they want to promote ecosystem health and reduce wildfire risk and impacts, which is a shared a common motivation with public lands managers. Studies and reports on prescribed burning need to clearly distinguish between broadcast prescribed burning and pile burning to ensure consistency in results and conclusions about prescribed fire use.","PeriodicalId":12273,"journal":{"name":"Fire Ecology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140939169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-08DOI: 10.1186/s42408-024-00273-z
Katherine E. Golden, Benjamin L. Hemingway, Amy E. Frazier, Wade Harrell, Samuel D. Fuhlendorf, Craig A. Davis
The southeastern United States consists of diverse ecosystems, many of which are fire-dependent. Fires were common during pre-European times, and many were anthropogenic in origin. Understanding how prescribed burning practices in use today compare to historic fire regimes can provide perspective and context on the role of fire in critical ecosystems. On the Aransas National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR), prescribed burning is conducted to prevent live oak (Quercus fusiformis) encroachment and preserve the openness of the herbaceous wetlands and grasslands for endangered whooping cranes (Grus americana) and Aplomado falcons (Falco femoralis). This field note builds a digital fire atlas of recent prescribed burning on the refuge and compares it to the historical fire ecology of ANWR. Findings indicate that the refuge is maintaining fire-dependent ecosystems with an extensive burn program that includes a fire return interval between 2 and 10 years on a majority of the refuge, with some locations experiencing much longer intervals. These fire return intervals are much shorter than the historic burn regime according to LANDFIRE. Following the fire return intervals projected by LANDFIRE, which project longer intervals than the prescribed fire program, would likely be detrimental to endangered species management by allowing increased woody plant encroachment and loss of open habitat important to whooping cranes and Aplomado falcons. Since prescribed fire is part of the management objectives on many national wildlife refuges in the United States, quantifying recent and historical fire ecology can provide useful insights into future management efforts, particularly in cases where endangered species are of special concern and management efforts may be counter to historical disturbance regimes.
{"title":"Historical and recent fire ecology on national wildlife refuges: a case study on Aransas National Wildlife Refuge","authors":"Katherine E. Golden, Benjamin L. Hemingway, Amy E. Frazier, Wade Harrell, Samuel D. Fuhlendorf, Craig A. Davis","doi":"10.1186/s42408-024-00273-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00273-z","url":null,"abstract":"The southeastern United States consists of diverse ecosystems, many of which are fire-dependent. Fires were common during pre-European times, and many were anthropogenic in origin. Understanding how prescribed burning practices in use today compare to historic fire regimes can provide perspective and context on the role of fire in critical ecosystems. On the Aransas National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR), prescribed burning is conducted to prevent live oak (Quercus fusiformis) encroachment and preserve the openness of the herbaceous wetlands and grasslands for endangered whooping cranes (Grus americana) and Aplomado falcons (Falco femoralis). This field note builds a digital fire atlas of recent prescribed burning on the refuge and compares it to the historical fire ecology of ANWR. Findings indicate that the refuge is maintaining fire-dependent ecosystems with an extensive burn program that includes a fire return interval between 2 and 10 years on a majority of the refuge, with some locations experiencing much longer intervals. These fire return intervals are much shorter than the historic burn regime according to LANDFIRE. Following the fire return intervals projected by LANDFIRE, which project longer intervals than the prescribed fire program, would likely be detrimental to endangered species management by allowing increased woody plant encroachment and loss of open habitat important to whooping cranes and Aplomado falcons. Since prescribed fire is part of the management objectives on many national wildlife refuges in the United States, quantifying recent and historical fire ecology can provide useful insights into future management efforts, particularly in cases where endangered species are of special concern and management efforts may be counter to historical disturbance regimes.","PeriodicalId":12273,"journal":{"name":"Fire Ecology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140939167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.1186/s42408-024-00279-7
C. Wade Ross, E. Louise Loudermilk, Joseph J. O’Brien, Steven A. Flanagan, Jennifer McDaniel, Doug P. Aubrey, Tripp Lowe, J. Kevin Hiers, Nicholas S. Skowronski
Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) ecosystems are recognized as biodiversity hotspots, and their sustainability is tightly coupled to a complex nexus of feedbacks between fire, composition, and structure. While previous research has demonstrated that frequent fire is often associated with higher levels of biodiversity, relationships between fire frequency and forest structure are more nuanced because structure can be difficult to measure and characterize. We expanded on this body of research by using lidar to characterize vegetation structure in response to fire frequency at a long-term prescribed-fire experiment. We asked (1) how does prescribed fire frequency affect structure and (2) how do structural metrics vary in the strength of their relationships with fire frequency. Our results indicated that forest structure varied significantly in response to fire frequency, with more frequent fire reducing vegetation structural complexity. Metrics that characterized the central tendency of vegetation and/or the variance of canopy-related properties were weakly to moderately correlated with prescribed fire frequency, while metrics that captured the vertical dispersion or variability of vegetation throughout the forest strata were moderately to strongly correlated with fire frequency. Of all the metrics evaluated, the understory complexity index had the strongest correlation with fire frequency and explained 88% of the structural variation in response to prescribed fire treatments. The findings presented in this study highlight the usefulness of lidar technology for characterizing forest structure and that structural complexity cannot be fully characterized by a single metric. Instead, a range of diverse metrics is required to refine scientific understanding of the feedbacks between fire, composition, and structure in support of longleaf pine sustainability. Furthermore, there is a need for further research to broaden structural assessments beyond the overstory and incorporate more understory components, particularly within the realm of prescribed fire science and land management.
{"title":"Lidar-derived estimates of forest structure in response to fire frequency","authors":"C. Wade Ross, E. Louise Loudermilk, Joseph J. O’Brien, Steven A. Flanagan, Jennifer McDaniel, Doug P. Aubrey, Tripp Lowe, J. Kevin Hiers, Nicholas S. Skowronski","doi":"10.1186/s42408-024-00279-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00279-7","url":null,"abstract":"Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) ecosystems are recognized as biodiversity hotspots, and their sustainability is tightly coupled to a complex nexus of feedbacks between fire, composition, and structure. While previous research has demonstrated that frequent fire is often associated with higher levels of biodiversity, relationships between fire frequency and forest structure are more nuanced because structure can be difficult to measure and characterize. We expanded on this body of research by using lidar to characterize vegetation structure in response to fire frequency at a long-term prescribed-fire experiment. We asked (1) how does prescribed fire frequency affect structure and (2) how do structural metrics vary in the strength of their relationships with fire frequency. Our results indicated that forest structure varied significantly in response to fire frequency, with more frequent fire reducing vegetation structural complexity. Metrics that characterized the central tendency of vegetation and/or the variance of canopy-related properties were weakly to moderately correlated with prescribed fire frequency, while metrics that captured the vertical dispersion or variability of vegetation throughout the forest strata were moderately to strongly correlated with fire frequency. Of all the metrics evaluated, the understory complexity index had the strongest correlation with fire frequency and explained 88% of the structural variation in response to prescribed fire treatments. The findings presented in this study highlight the usefulness of lidar technology for characterizing forest structure and that structural complexity cannot be fully characterized by a single metric. Instead, a range of diverse metrics is required to refine scientific understanding of the feedbacks between fire, composition, and structure in support of longleaf pine sustainability. Furthermore, there is a need for further research to broaden structural assessments beyond the overstory and incorporate more understory components, particularly within the realm of prescribed fire science and land management.","PeriodicalId":12273,"journal":{"name":"Fire Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140888896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.1186/s42408-024-00278-8
Catrin M. Edgeley, William H. Cannon, Scott Pearse, Branko Kosović, Gabriele Pfister, Rajesh Kumar
Increased use of visualizations as wildfire communication tools with public and professional audiences—particularly 3D videos and virtual or augmented reality—invites discussion of their ethical use in varied social and temporal contexts. Existing studies focus on the use of such visualizations prior to fire events and commonly use hypothetical scenarios intended to motivate proactive mitigation or explore decision-making, overlooking the insights that those who have already experienced fire events can provide to improve user engagement and understanding of wildfire visualizations more broadly. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 101 residents and professionals affected by Colorado’s 2020 East Troublesome and 2021 Marshall Fires, using 3D model visualizations of fire events on tablets as a discussion tool to understand how fire behavior influenced evacuation experiences and decision-making. We provide empirically gathered insights that can inform the ethical use of wildfire visualizations by scientists, managers, and communicators working at the intersection of fire management and public safety. Study design, interview discussions, and field observations from both case studies reveal the importance of nuanced and responsive approaches for the use of 3D visualizations, with an emphasis on the implementation of protocols that ensure the risk of harm to the intended audience is minimal. We share five considerations for use of visualizations as communication tools with public and professional audiences, expanding existing research into post-fire spaces: (1) determine whether the use of visualizations will truly benefit users; (2) connect users to visualizations by incorporating local values; (3) provide context around model uncertainty; (4) design and share visualizations in ways that meet the needs of the user; (5) be cognizant of the emotional impacts that sharing wildfire visualizations can have. This research demonstrates the importance of study design and planning that considers the emotional and psychological well-being of users. For users that do wish to engage with visualizations, this technical note provides guidance for ensuring meaningful understandings that can generate new discussion and knowledge. We advocate for communication with visualizations that consider local context and provide opportunities for users to engage to a level that suits them, suggesting that visualizations should serve as catalysts for meaningful dialogue rather than conclusive information sources.
{"title":"Five social and ethical considerations for using wildfire visualizations as a communication tool","authors":"Catrin M. Edgeley, William H. Cannon, Scott Pearse, Branko Kosović, Gabriele Pfister, Rajesh Kumar","doi":"10.1186/s42408-024-00278-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-024-00278-8","url":null,"abstract":"Increased use of visualizations as wildfire communication tools with public and professional audiences—particularly 3D videos and virtual or augmented reality—invites discussion of their ethical use in varied social and temporal contexts. Existing studies focus on the use of such visualizations prior to fire events and commonly use hypothetical scenarios intended to motivate proactive mitigation or explore decision-making, overlooking the insights that those who have already experienced fire events can provide to improve user engagement and understanding of wildfire visualizations more broadly. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 101 residents and professionals affected by Colorado’s 2020 East Troublesome and 2021 Marshall Fires, using 3D model visualizations of fire events on tablets as a discussion tool to understand how fire behavior influenced evacuation experiences and decision-making. We provide empirically gathered insights that can inform the ethical use of wildfire visualizations by scientists, managers, and communicators working at the intersection of fire management and public safety. Study design, interview discussions, and field observations from both case studies reveal the importance of nuanced and responsive approaches for the use of 3D visualizations, with an emphasis on the implementation of protocols that ensure the risk of harm to the intended audience is minimal. We share five considerations for use of visualizations as communication tools with public and professional audiences, expanding existing research into post-fire spaces: (1) determine whether the use of visualizations will truly benefit users; (2) connect users to visualizations by incorporating local values; (3) provide context around model uncertainty; (4) design and share visualizations in ways that meet the needs of the user; (5) be cognizant of the emotional impacts that sharing wildfire visualizations can have. This research demonstrates the importance of study design and planning that considers the emotional and psychological well-being of users. For users that do wish to engage with visualizations, this technical note provides guidance for ensuring meaningful understandings that can generate new discussion and knowledge. We advocate for communication with visualizations that consider local context and provide opportunities for users to engage to a level that suits them, suggesting that visualizations should serve as catalysts for meaningful dialogue rather than conclusive information sources.","PeriodicalId":12273,"journal":{"name":"Fire Ecology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140888900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：