ABSTRACT We investigated the effects of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) exposure on liver detoxification. We confirmed that 0.2%-0.8% CCl4 decreased the liver carboxylesterase (CarE), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and total protein (TP) levels, while 0.2% and 0.8% CCl4 increased the liver acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity (P< 0.05). It was observed0.4%-0.8% CCl4 increased serum glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) activity, 0.1%-0.8% CCl4 increased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), and 0.2% CCl4 increased the level of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD). The expression of nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were significantly elevated in 0.2%-0.8% CCl4 exposure (P< 0.05). The expression of p38MAPK, gasdermin D (GSDMD), and nuclear factor kappa-B kinase (IKK) was decreased in 0.1%-0.8% CCl4 exposure, while the apoptosis was not statistically different in all groups. This indicates that 0.1% CCl4 exposure could damage the liver structure and detoxification function via p38MAPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Environmental carbon tetrachloride exposure disrupts the liver structure and metabolic detoxification function in mice via p38MAPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway","authors":"Yuanyuan Wei, Danyang Ma, Yimeng Fan, Chen Gao, Qingtao Wang, Yanmeng Yuan, Yan-nan Zhang, J. Han, Zhihui Hao","doi":"10.1080/09540105.2022.2060192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2022.2060192","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We investigated the effects of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) exposure on liver detoxification. We confirmed that 0.2%-0.8% CCl4 decreased the liver carboxylesterase (CarE), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and total protein (TP) levels, while 0.2% and 0.8% CCl4 increased the liver acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity (P< 0.05). It was observed0.4%-0.8% CCl4 increased serum glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) activity, 0.1%-0.8% CCl4 increased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), and 0.2% CCl4 increased the level of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD). The expression of nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were significantly elevated in 0.2%-0.8% CCl4 exposure (P< 0.05). The expression of p38MAPK, gasdermin D (GSDMD), and nuclear factor kappa-B kinase (IKK) was decreased in 0.1%-0.8% CCl4 exposure, while the apoptosis was not statistically different in all groups. This indicates that 0.1% CCl4 exposure could damage the liver structure and detoxification function via p38MAPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":12300,"journal":{"name":"Food and Agricultural Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46705773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-04DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2022.2053948
S. Krittanai, Piriyakorn Pichetpongtorn, S. Sakamoto, W. Putalun
ABSTRACT Licochalcone A (LicoA), which is found in the root of Chinese licorice (Glycyrrhiza inflata Batalin), has been reported as an effective anti-microbial and anti-inflammation and was approved for the treatment of rosacea and acne in clinical therapeutic. To develop a monoclonal antibody against LicoA, a mannich reaction hapten conjugate was used for immunization, followed by the hybridoma technique. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the quantitative determination of LicoA was developed using a constructed antibody. The assay validation results were highly specific for the target compound, but minimally cross-reactive with the structure-related substances. After optimal conditions, the detection limit was 4.32 ng/mL and the quantification limit was 6.84–107.21 ng/mL. As a result, the developed ELISA was applied to determine the concentration of LicoA in raw licorice and marketed samples. This assay will aid in the quality control of licorice and derived products, as it can be used to identify plant species and determine bioactive markers.
{"title":"Monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay for the specific quantification of licochalcone A: an active chalcone in licorice","authors":"S. Krittanai, Piriyakorn Pichetpongtorn, S. Sakamoto, W. Putalun","doi":"10.1080/09540105.2022.2053948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2022.2053948","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Licochalcone A (LicoA), which is found in the root of Chinese licorice (Glycyrrhiza inflata Batalin), has been reported as an effective anti-microbial and anti-inflammation and was approved for the treatment of rosacea and acne in clinical therapeutic. To develop a monoclonal antibody against LicoA, a mannich reaction hapten conjugate was used for immunization, followed by the hybridoma technique. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the quantitative determination of LicoA was developed using a constructed antibody. The assay validation results were highly specific for the target compound, but minimally cross-reactive with the structure-related substances. After optimal conditions, the detection limit was 4.32 ng/mL and the quantification limit was 6.84–107.21 ng/mL. As a result, the developed ELISA was applied to determine the concentration of LicoA in raw licorice and marketed samples. This assay will aid in the quality control of licorice and derived products, as it can be used to identify plant species and determine bioactive markers.","PeriodicalId":12300,"journal":{"name":"Food and Agricultural Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41451072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2022.2053947
Hongyuan Xu, Lixiu Qin, Litao Nie, Lin Li, Peng Guo, Yizhao Chen, Chuan Huang, M. Su, Bin Yang
ABSTRACT Arsenic (As), an environmental pollutant, is a highly poisonous metalloid. Accumulated evidence has shown the association between As exposure and elevated risk of the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). Calycosin, a beneficial flavonoid, has demonstrated cardioprotective activities, including those against CHD, in preclinical studies. The anti-As-related CHD activity and mechanism of calycosin have not yet been elucidated. Here, we aimed to determine the core biotargets and molecular mechanisms of calycosin against As-interrelated CHD via integrated bioinformatic analysis, including network pharmacology and molecular docking. The network pharmacology data demonstrated 41 intersection genes of calycosin against As-related CHD, prior to the identification of 15 core targets. Additional in silico investigation indicated that mitogen-activated protein kinase-3 (MAPK3), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and interleukin-6 (IL6) were the primary pharmacological targets of calycosin for the treatment of As-related CHD. In addition, the therapeutic effects can be realized via cardioprotection-associated signaling pathways for reducing As-induced myocardial toxicity and impairment and boosting CHD functional reparation. In summary, calycosin mediates potent pharmacological effects in As-related CHD therapy functioning via multiple targets and multiple pathways. The results may eventually aid in promoting future clinical application after experimental verification.
{"title":"Biotargets for mediation of arsenic–induced coronary heart disease by calycosin","authors":"Hongyuan Xu, Lixiu Qin, Litao Nie, Lin Li, Peng Guo, Yizhao Chen, Chuan Huang, M. Su, Bin Yang","doi":"10.1080/09540105.2022.2053947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2022.2053947","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Arsenic (As), an environmental pollutant, is a highly poisonous metalloid. Accumulated evidence has shown the association between As exposure and elevated risk of the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). Calycosin, a beneficial flavonoid, has demonstrated cardioprotective activities, including those against CHD, in preclinical studies. The anti-As-related CHD activity and mechanism of calycosin have not yet been elucidated. Here, we aimed to determine the core biotargets and molecular mechanisms of calycosin against As-interrelated CHD via integrated bioinformatic analysis, including network pharmacology and molecular docking. The network pharmacology data demonstrated 41 intersection genes of calycosin against As-related CHD, prior to the identification of 15 core targets. Additional in silico investigation indicated that mitogen-activated protein kinase-3 (MAPK3), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and interleukin-6 (IL6) were the primary pharmacological targets of calycosin for the treatment of As-related CHD. In addition, the therapeutic effects can be realized via cardioprotection-associated signaling pathways for reducing As-induced myocardial toxicity and impairment and boosting CHD functional reparation. In summary, calycosin mediates potent pharmacological effects in As-related CHD therapy functioning via multiple targets and multiple pathways. The results may eventually aid in promoting future clinical application after experimental verification.","PeriodicalId":12300,"journal":{"name":"Food and Agricultural Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44853032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-04DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2022.2045908
Anjelina W. Mwakosya, S. Limbu, N. Majaliwa, Xiaobo Zou, Jiyong Shi, O. Kibazohi
ABSTRACT This study evaluated the presence of aflatoxin B1 in five different animal feeds collected from manufacturers, suppliers and consumers and its possible reduction by heating at 100°C for 180 min. A total of 160 animal feed samples were collected and analyzed by using lateral flow immunoassay method. The results revealed that all animal feeds analyzed were positive for aflatoxin B1 with 91% samples containing high concentrations ranging from 24.00 to 76.23 ng/g above the international allowable standard for animal feeds (20 ng/g). Maize bran (76 ng/g) and sunflower cake (63 ng/g) had higher aflatoxin B1 concentrations, correlating with higher moisture content. Upon heating the feeds, aflatoxin B1 was reduced to a concentration ranging from 2.24 to 9.78 ng/g (<20 ng/g). Our study suggests high potential health problems to animals and humans from aflatoxins requiring proper heating and frequent monitoring of the animal feeds for aflatoxin B1.
{"title":"Aflatoxin B1 variations in animal feeds along the supply chain in Tanzania and its possible reduction by heat treatment","authors":"Anjelina W. Mwakosya, S. Limbu, N. Majaliwa, Xiaobo Zou, Jiyong Shi, O. Kibazohi","doi":"10.1080/09540105.2022.2045908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2022.2045908","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study evaluated the presence of aflatoxin B1 in five different animal feeds collected from manufacturers, suppliers and consumers and its possible reduction by heating at 100°C for 180 min. A total of 160 animal feed samples were collected and analyzed by using lateral flow immunoassay method. The results revealed that all animal feeds analyzed were positive for aflatoxin B1 with 91% samples containing high concentrations ranging from 24.00 to 76.23 ng/g above the international allowable standard for animal feeds (20 ng/g). Maize bran (76 ng/g) and sunflower cake (63 ng/g) had higher aflatoxin B1 concentrations, correlating with higher moisture content. Upon heating the feeds, aflatoxin B1 was reduced to a concentration ranging from 2.24 to 9.78 ng/g (<20 ng/g). Our study suggests high potential health problems to animals and humans from aflatoxins requiring proper heating and frequent monitoring of the animal feeds for aflatoxin B1.","PeriodicalId":12300,"journal":{"name":"Food and Agricultural Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42481328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the effects of solid-state fermented wheat bran on immune performance and inflammatory response in laying hens. A total of 225 18-week-old Hy-Line brown-egg laying hens were randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates per group and 15 hens per replicate. Laying hens were fed a basal diet (corn-soybean meal diet) supplemented with 0 (control group), 10% wheat bran and 10% fermented wheat bran, respectively. The results showed: (1) Compared to wheat bran group, the contents of crude protein, trichloroacetic acid-soluble protein, dietary fibre (DF), mannan and total polyphenols in wheat bran were increased by solid state fermentation. (2) Compared to the control group, fermented wheat bran increased the levels of serum biochemical parameters, reproductive hormones, immunoglobulins and anti-inflammatory factors. Therefore, long-term dietary supplementation of 10% fermented wheat bran plays an important role in improving the immune performance of laying hens.
{"title":"Effects of long-term dietary supplementation of fermented wheat bran on immune performance and inflammatory response in laying hens","authors":"Yu Wang, Beibei He, Kuanbo Liu, Jingjing Shi, Aike Li, Junlin Cheng, Yuanyuan Wei, Shuangshuang Guo, Yongwei Wang, B. Ding","doi":"10.1080/09540105.2021.2025346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2021.2025346","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the effects of solid-state fermented wheat bran on immune performance and inflammatory response in laying hens. A total of 225 18-week-old Hy-Line brown-egg laying hens were randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates per group and 15 hens per replicate. Laying hens were fed a basal diet (corn-soybean meal diet) supplemented with 0 (control group), 10% wheat bran and 10% fermented wheat bran, respectively. The results showed: (1) Compared to wheat bran group, the contents of crude protein, trichloroacetic acid-soluble protein, dietary fibre (DF), mannan and total polyphenols in wheat bran were increased by solid state fermentation. (2) Compared to the control group, fermented wheat bran increased the levels of serum biochemical parameters, reproductive hormones, immunoglobulins and anti-inflammatory factors. Therefore, long-term dietary supplementation of 10% fermented wheat bran plays an important role in improving the immune performance of laying hens.","PeriodicalId":12300,"journal":{"name":"Food and Agricultural Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41640047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-17DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2021.2006611
Ł. Jarosz, A. Ciszewski, A. Marek, M. Hejdysz, S. Nowaczewski, Z. Grądzki, K. Michalak, M. Kwiecień, A. Rysiak
ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to assess the effect of effective microorganisms on selected parameters of the cellular immune response in the colostrum and milk of sows and in the serum of suckling piglets. A total of 60 female crossbred sows and 60 female piglets were used in the experiment. The material for analysis comprised colostrum and milk collected from sows and blood samples from piglets. Immune response parameters were determined by flow cytometry and ELISA kits. The results showed high expression of CD4-CD25-FoxP3, CD4, and CD25 in the colostrum and milk of sows and of CD4, CD8 in piglet blood. The use of EM Bokashi® as a feed supplement for sows during colostrogenesis stimulates cellular immune mechanisms, expressed by an increase in the Treg cell population in the colostrum and milk, which contributes to effective elimination of microorganisms in the first period of piglets’ life.
{"title":"The effect of the multi-strain probiotic preparation EM Bokashi® on selected parameters of the cellular immune response in pigs","authors":"Ł. Jarosz, A. Ciszewski, A. Marek, M. Hejdysz, S. Nowaczewski, Z. Grądzki, K. Michalak, M. Kwiecień, A. Rysiak","doi":"10.1080/09540105.2021.2006611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2021.2006611","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to assess the effect of effective microorganisms on selected parameters of the cellular immune response in the colostrum and milk of sows and in the serum of suckling piglets. A total of 60 female crossbred sows and 60 female piglets were used in the experiment. The material for analysis comprised colostrum and milk collected from sows and blood samples from piglets. Immune response parameters were determined by flow cytometry and ELISA kits. The results showed high expression of CD4-CD25-FoxP3, CD4, and CD25 in the colostrum and milk of sows and of CD4, CD8 in piglet blood. The use of EM Bokashi® as a feed supplement for sows during colostrogenesis stimulates cellular immune mechanisms, expressed by an increase in the Treg cell population in the colostrum and milk, which contributes to effective elimination of microorganisms in the first period of piglets’ life.","PeriodicalId":12300,"journal":{"name":"Food and Agricultural Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46351898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-14DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2022.2028741
Aistė Sližienė, M. Pleckaityte, Mindaugas Zaveckas, K. Juškaitė, Vytautas Rudokas, G. Žvirblis, A. Zvirbliene
ABSTRACT β-enolase is a heat-labile fish allergen identified in different fish species. In this study, β-enolase gene was cloned from common carp muscle tissue and the target protein was expressed as a fusion with maltose binding protein (MBP-Eno) in E. coli. Recombinant MBP-Eno was reactive with blood serum specimens of fish-allergic patients, confirming that β-enolase is a newly identified allergen of common carp. Two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against recombinant β-enolase were generated that showed cross-reactivity with β-enolases of other organisms. Both antibodies recognized β-enolases from other fish species extracts, while MAb 6E4 showed a broad reactivity with pork, chicken, yeast, and E. coli samples. Epitope mapping using MBP-Eno variants revealed that β-enolase region comprising amino acids 623–698 presumably includes MAb 6E4 epitope. The generated broadly reactive MAb 6E4 directed against a conserved epitope of β-enolases may represent a valuable tool for the characterization of allergen extracts and fish allergy diagnostics.
{"title":"Monoclonal antibodies against the newly identified allergen β-enolase from common carp (Cyprinus carpio)","authors":"Aistė Sližienė, M. Pleckaityte, Mindaugas Zaveckas, K. Juškaitė, Vytautas Rudokas, G. Žvirblis, A. Zvirbliene","doi":"10.1080/09540105.2022.2028741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2022.2028741","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT β-enolase is a heat-labile fish allergen identified in different fish species. In this study, β-enolase gene was cloned from common carp muscle tissue and the target protein was expressed as a fusion with maltose binding protein (MBP-Eno) in E. coli. Recombinant MBP-Eno was reactive with blood serum specimens of fish-allergic patients, confirming that β-enolase is a newly identified allergen of common carp. Two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against recombinant β-enolase were generated that showed cross-reactivity with β-enolases of other organisms. Both antibodies recognized β-enolases from other fish species extracts, while MAb 6E4 showed a broad reactivity with pork, chicken, yeast, and E. coli samples. Epitope mapping using MBP-Eno variants revealed that β-enolase region comprising amino acids 623–698 presumably includes MAb 6E4 epitope. The generated broadly reactive MAb 6E4 directed against a conserved epitope of β-enolases may represent a valuable tool for the characterization of allergen extracts and fish allergy diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":12300,"journal":{"name":"Food and Agricultural Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42599947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-04DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2021.2024151
Na Gyeong Geum, Ho-Jun Son, Julia Yu, J. Yeo, Min Yeong Choi, Jae Won Lee, J. Baek, H. Eo, G. Park, J. Jeong
ABSTRACT Under the COVID-19 pandemic, interest in immune enhancement and anti-obesity is increasing. Thus, in this study, we investigated whether Kadsura japonica fruits (KJF) exhibits immunostimulatory activity and anti-obesity activity. KJF increased the production of immunostimulatory factors and phagocytosis in RAW264.7 cells. Inhibition of TLR2 and TLR4 blocked KJF-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, the inhibition of MAPK and PI3 K/AKT signaling pathway reduced KJF-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors, and the activation of MAPK and PI3 K/AKT signaling pathway by KJF suppressed the inhibition of TLR2/4. KJF attenuated the lipid accumulation and the protein expression such as CEBPα, PPARγ, perilipin-1, adiponectin, and FABP4 related to the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, KJF inhibited excessive proliferation of 3T3-L1 cells and protein expressions such as β-catenin and cyclin D1 related to cell growth. These findings indicate that KJF may have immunostimulatory activity and anti-obesity activity.
{"title":"Kadsura japonica fruits exert immunostimulatory and anti-obesity activity in RAW264.7 and 3T3-L1 cells","authors":"Na Gyeong Geum, Ho-Jun Son, Julia Yu, J. Yeo, Min Yeong Choi, Jae Won Lee, J. Baek, H. Eo, G. Park, J. Jeong","doi":"10.1080/09540105.2021.2024151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2021.2024151","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Under the COVID-19 pandemic, interest in immune enhancement and anti-obesity is increasing. Thus, in this study, we investigated whether Kadsura japonica fruits (KJF) exhibits immunostimulatory activity and anti-obesity activity. KJF increased the production of immunostimulatory factors and phagocytosis in RAW264.7 cells. Inhibition of TLR2 and TLR4 blocked KJF-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, the inhibition of MAPK and PI3 K/AKT signaling pathway reduced KJF-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors, and the activation of MAPK and PI3 K/AKT signaling pathway by KJF suppressed the inhibition of TLR2/4. KJF attenuated the lipid accumulation and the protein expression such as CEBPα, PPARγ, perilipin-1, adiponectin, and FABP4 related to the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, KJF inhibited excessive proliferation of 3T3-L1 cells and protein expressions such as β-catenin and cyclin D1 related to cell growth. These findings indicate that KJF may have immunostimulatory activity and anti-obesity activity.","PeriodicalId":12300,"journal":{"name":"Food and Agricultural Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42754091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Arecoline, the dominant alkaloid existing in areca nuts, is an addictive substance and classified as a Group 2B potential human carcinogen. Currently, the detection of arecoline is mostly dependent on chromatography-based approaches, which are time-consuming and expensive. We used arecaidine as a hapten to produce a highly specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) against arecoline. An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) was developed using the mAb-A5H12, to detect arecoline in traditional Chinese medicines and fresh areca nuts. The icELISA indicated that the half maximum inhibition concentration (IC50) for arecoline was 67.9 ng/mL, with a working range of 10.1–502.6 ng/mL and a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.6 ng/mL. High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) confirmed the accuracy and the working range of icELISA, suggesting that the icELISA approach based on the arecoline specific antibody could be a widely applicable and easy operation method in detection of arecoline in foods and medicines.
{"title":"Development of a specific monoclonal antibody-based icELISA for detection of arecoline in traditional Chinese medicines and fresh areca nuts","authors":"Yunhe Wang, Mengying Ding, Hudong Ma, Jiao Wu, Hongwei Zhao, Yinglang Wan","doi":"10.1080/09540105.2021.2025347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2021.2025347","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Arecoline, the dominant alkaloid existing in areca nuts, is an addictive substance and classified as a Group 2B potential human carcinogen. Currently, the detection of arecoline is mostly dependent on chromatography-based approaches, which are time-consuming and expensive. We used arecaidine as a hapten to produce a highly specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) against arecoline. An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) was developed using the mAb-A5H12, to detect arecoline in traditional Chinese medicines and fresh areca nuts. The icELISA indicated that the half maximum inhibition concentration (IC50) for arecoline was 67.9 ng/mL, with a working range of 10.1–502.6 ng/mL and a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.6 ng/mL. High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) confirmed the accuracy and the working range of icELISA, suggesting that the icELISA approach based on the arecoline specific antibody could be a widely applicable and easy operation method in detection of arecoline in foods and medicines.","PeriodicalId":12300,"journal":{"name":"Food and Agricultural Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44219607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-04DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2021.2022605
Wen-Che Hsieh, C. Lai, H. Lin, D. Tu, T. Shen, Yi-Ju Lee, M. Hsieh, Ching-Chung Chen, Hsin-Hsuan Han, Yuan-Yen Chang
ABSTRACT To explore the involved mechanisms and possible treatments of ambient PM2.5 exposure-induced lung inflammation, this work studied the activity of luteolin, a natural flavonoid which widely presents in many plant species, in murine alveolar macrophage MH S cells exposed to PM2.5. Results showed PM2.5 induced an inflammatory response, as evidenced by significantly increased TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1 and Rantes levels. and induced iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB protein expressions in MH-S cells. Moreover, luteolin pre-treatment reduced JAK2 and STAT1 but not STAT3 protein expressions in PM2.5-stimulated MH-S cells. Performing JAK2 inhibitor AG490 further showed reduced TNF-α and IL-6 productions as well as iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB protein expressions. In addition, although PM2.5 exposure could elevate HO-1 expression basically, luteolin pre-treatment and AG490 administration further significantly enhanced HO-1 expression additionally. Collectively, these results revealed that luteolin inhibits inflammation through suppressing JAK2/STAT1/NF-κB pathway and enhancing HO-1 expression in PM2.5-challenged alveolar macrophage MH-S cells.
{"title":"Luteolin attenuates PM2.5-induced inflammatory responses by augmenting HO-1 and JAK-STAT expression in murine alveolar macrophages","authors":"Wen-Che Hsieh, C. Lai, H. Lin, D. Tu, T. Shen, Yi-Ju Lee, M. Hsieh, Ching-Chung Chen, Hsin-Hsuan Han, Yuan-Yen Chang","doi":"10.1080/09540105.2021.2022605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2021.2022605","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 To explore the involved mechanisms and possible treatments of ambient PM2.5 exposure-induced lung inflammation, this work studied the activity of luteolin, a natural flavonoid which widely presents in many plant species, in murine alveolar macrophage MH S cells exposed to PM2.5. Results showed PM2.5 induced an inflammatory response, as evidenced by significantly increased TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1 and Rantes levels. and induced iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB protein expressions in MH-S cells. Moreover, luteolin pre-treatment reduced JAK2 and STAT1 but not STAT3 protein expressions in PM2.5-stimulated MH-S cells. Performing JAK2 inhibitor AG490 further showed reduced TNF-α and IL-6 productions as well as iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB protein expressions. In addition, although PM2.5 exposure could elevate HO-1 expression basically, luteolin pre-treatment and AG490 administration further significantly enhanced HO-1 expression additionally. Collectively, these results revealed that luteolin inhibits inflammation through suppressing JAK2/STAT1/NF-κB pathway and enhancing HO-1 expression in PM2.5-challenged alveolar macrophage MH-S cells.","PeriodicalId":12300,"journal":{"name":"Food and Agricultural Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47796852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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