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Assessment of the comprehensiveness of paediatric national immunisation programmes in Europe: expert validation and future perspectives. 评估欧洲儿科国家免疫计划的全面性:专家论证和未来展望。
IF 6.2 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2324939
Ugne Sabale, Janice Murtagh, James Cochrane, Danielle Riley, Richard Perry, Louise Heron, Paolo Bonanni, Jose Navarro Alonso, Juhani Eskola, Valerie Laigle

Background: The breadth of protection of National Immunisation Programmes (NIPs) across Europe varies, however, this has not been assessed within published literature. Therefore, a framework was developed to assess the comprehensiveness of pediatric NIPs in Europe. This study aimed to validate and further develop criteria used to cluster countries into three tiers.

Research design and methods: Independent Europe-based experts (n = 23) in the field of pediatric vaccination were invited to participate in a double-blinded modified Delphi panel, with two online survey rounds and a virtual consensus meeting. Consensus was defined as ≥ 80% of experts rating their agreement/disagreement on a 9-point Likert scale.

Results: The number of preventable diseases covered by an NIP, simplification of the vaccination calendar, strengthened protection by increasing serotype, degree of funding and epidemiological factors were considered key concepts for consideration of the comprehensiveness of pediatric NIPs in Europe. Experts highlighted that the framework should be extended to include adolescent vaccines and populations up to 18 years of age. Consensus regarding further amendments to the framework was also reached.

Conclusions: This Delphi panel validated a framework to assess the comprehensiveness of European NIPs. The framework can be used to facilitate discussions to help countries improve and expand the breadth of protection provided by their NIP.

背景:欧洲各国的国家免疫计划(NIPs)的保护范围各不相同,但已发表的文献尚未对此进行评估。因此,我们制定了一个框架来评估欧洲儿科国家免疫计划的全面性。本研究旨在验证并进一步发展用于将各国划分为三个等级的标准:邀请欧洲儿科疫苗接种领域的独立专家(n = 23)参加双盲改良德尔菲小组,包括两轮在线调查和一次虚拟共识会议。共识的定义是:≥ 80% 的专家在 9 点李克特量表上表示同意/不同意:结果:国家免疫计划涵盖的可预防疾病数量、疫苗接种日程的简化、通过增加血清型加强保护、资助程度和流行病学因素被认为是考虑欧洲儿科国家免疫计划全面性的关键概念。专家们强调,该框架应扩展至包括青少年疫苗和 18 岁以下人群。专家们还就进一步修订该框架达成了共识:德尔菲小组验证了评估欧洲国家免疫计划全面性的框架。该框架可用于促进讨论,帮助各国改进和扩大其国家免疫计划提供的保护范围。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of primary series, first, and second booster vaccination of monovalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections and severe diseases during the SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.5 epidemic in Japan: vaccine effectiveness real-time surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 (VERSUS). 在日本 SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.5 流行期间,接种单价 mRNA COVID-19 疫苗初级系列、第一次和第二次加强接种对无症状 SARS-CoV-2 感染和严重疾病的有效性:SARS-CoV-2 疫苗有效性实时监测 (VERSUS)。
IF 6.2 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2310807
Haruka Maeda, Nobuo Saito, Ataru Igarashi, Masayuki Ishida, Mayumi Terada, Shingo Masuda, Ryosuke Osawa, Naoto Hosokawa, Kei Nakashima, Hiroshi Kamura, Haruki Imura, Hiroki Inoue, Suguru Matsuzaka, Yukihiro Sugimoto, Osamu Kuwamitsu, Iori Motohashi, Toru Morikawa, Rentaro Oda, Yuiko Hoshina, Takashi Matono, Osamu Teshigahara, Eiichiro Sando, Sadaharu Asami, Satoshi Kudo, Noboru Akizuki, Yoshikazu Muto, Tomoichiro Hayakawa, Tomoo Kishaba, Yasuji Ohara, Yoshinao Kubo, Motoi Suzuki, Konosuke Morimoto

Background: This study aimed to evaluate VE of primary, first, and second booster ancestral-strain monovalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccination against symptomatic infections and severe diseases in Japan.

Methods: We conducted a test-negative case-control study. We included medically attended episodes and hospitalizations involving individuals aged 16 with signs and symptoms from July to November 2022, when Omicron BA.5 was dominant nationwide. To evaluate VE, we calculated adjusted ORs of vaccination among test-positive versus test-negative individuals using a mixed-effects logistic regression.

Results: For VE against symptomatic infections among individuals aged 16 to 59, VE of primary vaccination at > 180 days was 26.1% (95% CI: 10.6-38.8%); VE of the first booster was 58.5% (48.4-66.7%) at 90 days, decreasing to 41.1% (29.5-50.8%) at 91 to 180 days. For individuals aged 60, VE of the first booster was 42.8% (1.7-66.7%) at 90 days, dropping to 15.4% (-25.9-43.2%) at 91 to 180 days, and then increasing to 44.0% (16.4-62.5%) after the second booster. For VE against severe diseases, VE of the first and second booster was 77.3% (61.2-86.7%) at 90 days and 55.9% (23.4-74.6%) afterward.

Conclusion: mRNA booster vaccination provided moderate protection against symptomatic infections and high-level protection against severe diseases during the BA.5 epidemic in Japan.

背景:本研究旨在评估在日本接种祖传株单价 mRNA COVID-19 疫苗对无症状感染和严重疾病的预防效果:我们进行了一项试验阴性病例对照研究。我们纳入了 2022 年 7 月至 11 月(当时 Omicron BA.5 在全国占主导地位)有症状和体征的年龄≥16 岁的人的就诊和住院病例。为了评估 VE,我们使用混合效应逻辑回归法计算了检测呈阳性者与检测呈阴性者接种疫苗的调整 OR:对于 16 至 59 岁人群的无症状感染 VE,大于 180 天的初次接种 VE 为 26.1%(95% CI:10.6-38.8%);≤90 天的首次加强接种 VE 为 58.5%(48.4-66.7%),91 至 180 天的 VE 降至 41.1%(29.5-50.8%)。对于年龄≥60 岁的人,第一次加强接种的 VE 在≤90 天时为 42.8%(1.7-66.7%),在 91 至 180 天时降至 15.4%(-25.9-43.2%),第二次加强接种后又增至 44.0%(16.4-62.5%)。结论:在日本 BA.5 疫情期间,接种 mRNA 强毒疫苗可对无症状感染提供中度保护,并对严重疾病提供高度保护。
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引用次数: 0
Immunogenicity and safety of boosting with a recombinant two-component SARS-CoV-2 vaccine: two randomized, parallel-controlled, phase 2 studies. 重组双组分 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的免疫原性和安全性:两项随机、平行对照、2 期研究。
IF 6.2 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2334423
Abundio Balgos, Suad Hannawi, Wen-Li Chen, Alaa Abuquta, Linda Safeldin, Aala Hassan, Ahmad Alamadi, Louie Tirador, Anjuli May Jaen, Ralph Elvi Villalobos, Chen Mo, Zi-Jing Yue, Ying Ma, Qing-Shuang Wang, Ren-Du Wen, Zheng Yao, Jia-Ping Yu, Wen-Rong Yao, Jian-Hui Zhang, Kun-Xue Hong, Yong Liu, Jing-Xin Li

Background: Recombinant protein vaccines are vital for broad protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants. This study assessed ReCOV as a booster in two Phase 2 trials.

Research design and methods: Study-1 involved subjects were randomized (1:1:1) to receive 20 μg ReCOV, 40 μg ReCOV, or an inactivated vaccine (COVILO®) in the United Arab Emirates. Study-2 participating individuals were randomized (1:1:1) to receive 20 μg ReCOV (pilot batch, ReCOV HA), 20 μg ReCOV (commercial batch, ReCOV TC), or 30 μg BNT162b2 (COMIRNATY®) in the Philippines. The primary immunogenicity objectives was to compare the geometric mean titer (GMT) and seroconversion rate (SCR) of neutralizing antibodies induced by one ReCOV booster dose with those of inactivated vaccine and BNT162b2, respectively, at 14 days post-booster.

Results: Heterologous ReCOV booster doses were safe and induced comparable immune responses to inactivated vaccines and BNT162b2 against Omicron variants and the prototype. They showed significant advantages in cross-neutralization against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, surpassing inactivated vaccines and BNT162b2, with good immune persistence.

Conclusions: Heterologous ReCOV boosting was safe and effective, showing promise in combating COVID-19. The study highlights ReCOV's potential for enhanced protection, supported by strong cross-neutralization and immune persistence.

Clinical trial registration: Study-1, www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier is NCT05323435; Study-2, www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier is NCT05084989.

背景:重组蛋白疫苗在提供针对 SARS-CoV-2 变异株的广泛免疫保护方面发挥着至关重要的作用。本研究在两项随机、观察者盲法、主动对照的 2 期临床试验中评估了 ReCOV 作为加强剂量的安全性和免疫原性:在研究-1中,阿拉伯联合酋长国对接种过两剂或三剂COVID-19灭活疫苗的成人进行了随机分配(1:1:1),分别接种20 μg ReCOV、40 μg ReCOV或灭活疫苗(COVILO®)。研究-2涉及在菲律宾接种两剂COVID-19灭活疫苗的受试者,他们被随机(1:1:1)分配接种20微克ReCOV(试验批次,ReCOV HA)、20微克ReCOV(商业批次,ReCOV TC)或30微克BNT162b2(COMIRNATY®)。主要免疫原性目标是比较 ReCOV 与灭活疫苗和 BNT162b2 在加强剂量后 14 天分别诱导的 SARS-CoV-2 原型活病毒中和抗体的几何平均滴度 (GMT) 和血清转换率 (SCR):结果:异源加强剂量的 ReCOV 安全、耐受性良好,在既往接种过疫苗的成人中,针对 Omicron 变体和原型引起的免疫原性反应不劣于灭活疫苗和 BNT162b2。结果表明,该产品在针对多种 SARS-CoV-2 变异株的交叉中和活性方面具有明显优势,超过了灭活疫苗和 BNT162b2。此外,免疫持久性也很好:结论:使用 ReCOV 进行异源增强证明是安全有效的,对控制 COVID-19 的流行具有良好的效果。这项研究揭示了 ReCOV 在提供增强保护方面的巨大潜力,其强大的交叉中和活性和免疫持久性为其提供了支持:研究-1,www.clinicaltrials.gov,标识符为 NCT05323435;研究-2,www.clinicaltrials.gov,标识符为 NCT05084989。
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引用次数: 0
Modelling the Potential Public Health Impact of Different COVID-19 Vaccination Strategies with an Adapted Vaccine in Singapore. 在新加坡使用适应疫苗对不同COVID-19疫苗接种策略的潜在公共卫生影响进行建模
IF 6.2 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2290931
Karan Thakkar, Julia Spinardi, Moe H Kyaw, Jingyan Yang, Carlos Fernando Mendoza, Egemen Ozbilgili, Bulent Taysi, Josie Dodd, Ben Yarnoff, Helen M Oh

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing COVID-19 has been a dynamically changing virus, requiring the development of adapted vaccines. This study estimated the potential public health impact alternative vaccination strategies for COVID-19 in Singapore.

Research design and methods: The outcomes of alternative vaccination strategies with a future adapted vaccine were estimated using a combined Markov decision tree model. The population was stratified by high- and standard-risk. Using age-specific inputs informed by local surveillance data and published sources, the model estimated health (case numbers, hospitalizations, and deaths) and economic (medical costs and productivity losses) outcomes in different age and risk subpopulations.

Results: Booster vaccination in only the elderly and high-risk subpopulation was estimated to avert 278,614 cases 21,558 hospitalizations, 239 deaths, Singapore dollars (SGD) 277 million in direct medical costs, and SGD 684 million in indirect medical costs. These benefits increased as vaccination was expanded to other subpopulations. Increasing the booster vaccination coverage to 75% of the standard-risk population averted more deaths (3%), hospitalizations (29%), infections (145%), direct costs (90%), and indirect costs (192%) compared to the base case.

Conclusions: Broader vaccination strategies using an adapted booster vaccine could have substantial public health and economic impact in Singapore.

背景:引起COVID-19的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)是一种动态变化的病毒,需要开发适应疫苗。本研究估计了新加坡COVID-19替代疫苗接种策略的潜在公共卫生影响。研究设计和方法:使用联合马尔可夫决策树模型估计未来适应疫苗的替代疫苗接种策略的结果。人群按高风险和标准风险分层。该模型利用当地监测数据和公开来源提供的特定年龄输入,估计了不同年龄和风险亚人群的健康(病例数、住院和死亡)和经济(医疗费用和生产力损失)结果。结果:仅在老年人和高危亚人群中加强疫苗接种估计可避免278,614例病例,21,558例住院,239例死亡,直接医疗费用为2.77亿新元,间接医疗费用为6.84亿新元。随着疫苗接种扩展到其他亚群,这些益处也会增加。与基本情况相比,将加强疫苗接种覆盖率提高到标准风险人群的75%可避免更多的死亡(3%)、住院(29%)、感染(145%)、直接费用(90%)和间接费用(192%)。结论:在新加坡,使用适应性加强疫苗的更广泛的疫苗接种策略可能对公共卫生和经济产生重大影响。
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引用次数: 0
Progress toward the development of Lassa vaccines. 拉沙病毒疫苗研制的进展。
IF 6.2 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2290683
Hinh Ly
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引用次数: 0
Screening of tumor antigens and immunogenic cell death landscapes of prostate adenocarcinoma for exploration of mRNA vaccine. 筛选前列腺癌的肿瘤抗原和免疫原性细胞死亡景观,探索 mRNA 疫苗。
IF 5.5 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2396086
Guopeng Yu, Yuansheng Lin, Jianqing Wang, Lin Zhou, Yingying Lu, Xiang Fei, Xin Gu, Shangqing Song, Jiangyi Wang, Yushan Liu, Qing Yang, Ming Zhan, Seung-Yong Seo, Bin Xu

Background: In this study, effective antigens of mRNA vaccine were excavated from the perspective of ICD, and ICD subtypes of PRAD were further distinguished to establish an ICD landscape, thereby determining suitable vaccine recipients.

Research design and methods: TCGA and MSKCC databases were applied to acquire RNA-seq data and corresponding clinical data of 554 and 131 patients, respectively. GEPIA was employed to measure prognostic indices. Then, a comparison of genetic alterations was performed utilizing cBioPortal, and correlation of identified ICD antigens with immune infiltrating cells was analyzed employing TIMER. Moreover, ICD subtypes were identified by means of consensus cluster, and ICD landscape of PRAD was depicted utilizing graph learning-based dimensional reduction.

Results: In total, 4 PRAD antigens were identified in PRAD, including FUS, LMNB2, RNPC3, and ZNF700, which had association with adverse prognosis and infiltration of APCs. PRAD patients were classified as two ICD subtypes based on their differences in molecular, cellular, and clinical features. Furthermore, ICD modulators and immune checkpoints were also differentially expressed between two ICD subtype tumors. Finally, the ICD landscape of PRAD showed substantial heterogeneity among individual patients.

Conclusions: In summary, the research may provide a theoretical foundation for developing mRNA vaccine against PRAD as well as determining appropriate vaccine recipients.

背景:本研究从ICD的角度挖掘mRNA疫苗的有效抗原,并进一步区分PRAD的ICD亚型,建立ICD图谱,从而确定合适的疫苗接种对象:应用TCGA和MSKCC数据库分别获得554例和131例患者的RNA-seq数据和相应的临床数据。采用 GEPIA 测量预后指数。然后利用 cBioPortal 对基因改变进行比较,并利用 TIMER 分析已确定的 ICD 抗原与免疫浸润细胞的相关性。此外,还通过共识聚类确定了ICD亚型,并利用基于图学习的降维方法描绘了PRAD的ICD图谱:结果:在PRAD中总共发现了4种PRAD抗原,包括FUS、LMNB2、RNPC3和ZNF700,它们与不良预后和APCs浸润有关。根据分子、细胞和临床特征的差异,PRAD 患者被分为两种 ICD 亚型。此外,ICD调节因子和免疫检查点在两种ICD亚型肿瘤之间也有不同的表达。最后,PRAD的ICD图谱在患者个体间表现出很大的异质性:总之,该研究可为开发针对 PRAD 的 mRNA 疫苗以及确定合适的疫苗受体提供理论依据。
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引用次数: 0
Inactivated recombinant influenza vaccine: the promising direction for the next generation of influenza vaccine. 灭活重组流感疫苗:下一代流感疫苗的发展方向。
IF 6.2 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2333338
Hua Shi, Ted M Ross

Introduction: Vaccination is the most effective method to control the prevalence of seasonal influenza and the most widely used influenza vaccine is the inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV). Each season, the influenza vaccine must be updated to be most effective against current circulating variants. Therefore, developing a universal influenza vaccine (UIV) that can elicit both broad and durable protection is of the utmost importance.

Area covered: This review summarizes and compares the available influenza vaccines in the market and inactivation methods used for manufacturing IIVs. Then, we discuss the latest progress of the UIV development in the IIV format and the challenges to address for moving these vaccine candidates to clinical trials and commercialization. The literature search was based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the PubMed databases.

Expert opinion: The unmet need for UIV is the primary aim of developing the next generation of influenza vaccines. The IIV has high antigenicity and a refined manufacturing process compared to most other formats. Developing the UIV in IIV format is a promising direction with advanced biomolecular technologies and next-generation adjuvant. It also inspires the development of universal vaccines for other infectious diseases.

导言:接种疫苗是控制季节性流感流行的最有效方法,而最广泛使用的流感疫苗是灭活流感疫苗(IIV)。每个季节,流感疫苗都必须更新,以最有效地预防当前流行的变种。因此,开发一种能产生广泛而持久保护作用的通用流感疫苗(UIV)至关重要:本综述总结并比较了市场上现有的流感疫苗和用于制造 IIV 的灭活方法。然后,我们讨论了以 IIV 形式开发 UIV 的最新进展,以及将这些候选疫苗推向临床试验和商业化所面临的挑战。文献检索基于美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)和PubMed数据库:开发新一代流感疫苗的主要目的是满足对 UIV 的未满足需求。与大多数其他形式的疫苗相比,IIV 具有高抗原性和精良的生产工艺。利用先进的生物分子技术和新一代佐剂开发 IIV 形式的 UIV 是一个很有前景的方向。这也为开发其他传染病的通用疫苗提供了灵感。
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引用次数: 0
Pneumococcal serotypes missing prespecified efficacy threshold in immunogenicity trials: real-world evidence from national immunization programs. 免疫原性试验中未达预设疗效阈值的肺炎球菌血清型:来自国家免疫计划的实际证据。
IF 5.5 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2409662
Johnna Perdrizet, Michele Wilson, Warisa Wannaadisai, Kevin Apodaca, Lindsay Grant

Objectives: The 13-valent (PCV13) and 10-valent (PCV10) pneumococcal conjugate vaccines missed non-inferiority for certain 7-valent (PCV7) serotypes in immunogenicity trials. This study examines the population-level IPD case trends for these serotypes.

Methods: We identified six countries with national IPD surveillance data that introduced PCV13 (Canada, Germany, Israel, Italy, South Africa, and the United States) and three with PCV10 (Finland, Brazil, and the Netherlands). We extracted country-specific annual IPD case counts for PCV7 serotypes that missed non-inferiority and met non-inferiority (6B + 23F and PCV7 minus [6B + 23F] serotypes for PCV10 countries; 6B +9V + 23F, and PCV7 minus [6B +9V + 23F] serotypes for PCV13 countries) in clinical trials. Case count data for each country were plotted for observed serotype trends in different age groups (<5 and ≥5 years) for 8 years following PCV13/PCV10 introduction.

Results: For all ages and countries, IPD cases due to PCV7 serotypes that missed non-inferiority either decreased or remained suppressed following PCV13/PCV10 introduction. Similar trends were found for PCV7 serotypes that met non-inferiority in those <5 years. Paradoxically, cases increased in those ≥5 years in Canada, Italy, and the US, primarily driven by increases in serotypes 4 and 19F disease.

Conclusions: Despite missing non-inferiority of serotypes in immunogenicity trials, higher-valent PCVs effectively suppressed these serotypes across all ages. Non-inferiority criteria from immunogenicity trials may not fully predict real-world disease impact after PCV implementation.

目标:13 价 (PCV13) 和 10 价 (PCV10) 肺炎球菌结合疫苗在免疫原性试验中错过了某些 7 价 (PCV7) 血清型的非劣效性。本研究探讨了这些血清型的人群 IPD 病例趋势:我们确定了 6 个拥有全国 IPD 监测数据、引入 PCV13 的国家(加拿大、德国、以色列、意大利、南非和美国)和 3 个引入 PCV10 的国家(芬兰、巴西和荷兰)。我们提取了不同年龄组达到非劣效性血清型(4、14、18C、19F、9 V [仅 PCV10])和未达到非劣效性血清型(6B、23F、9 V [仅 PCV13])的各国年度 IPD 病例数(结果:在所有年龄组和国家,PCV13/PCV10 引入后,因 PCV7 血清型错过非劣效性而导致的 IPD 病例要么减少,要么保持抑制。在这些国家,达到非劣效性的 PCV7 血清型也出现了类似的趋势:尽管在免疫原性试验中血清型未达到非劣效性标准,但高价 PCV 可有效抑制所有年龄段的这些血清型。免疫原性试验的非劣效性标准可能无法完全预测 PCV 实施后对实际疾病的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Cost-effectiveness of nonavalent HPV vaccination in the Netherlands. 荷兰无空洞 HPV 疫苗接种的成本效益。
IF 6.2 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2322543
Cody Palmer, Christiaan Dolk, Ugne Sabale, Wei Wang, Kunal Saxena

Background: A bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (2vHPV) is currently used in the Netherlands; a nonavalent vaccine (9vHPV) is also licensed.

Research design and methods: We compared the public health and economic benefits of 2vHPV- and 9vHPV-based vaccination strategies in the Netherlands over 100 years using a validated deterministic dynamic transmission metapopulation model.

Results: Compared to 2vHPV, the 9vHPV strategy averted an additional 3,245 cases of and 825 deaths from 9vHPV-strain-attributable cancers, 4,247 cases of and 190 deaths from recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), and 1,009,637 cases of anogenital warts (AGWs), with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of €4,975 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. The ICER increased in a scenario with increased HPV vaccination coverage rates and was relatively robust to one-way deterministic sensitivity analyses, with variation in the disease utility parameter having the most impact. When catch-up vaccination for individuals ≤26 years of age was added to the model, vaccinating with 9vHPV averted additional cancers and AGWs compared to 2vHPV vaccination.

Conclusion: Our analyses predict that transitioning from a 2vHPV- to a 9vHPV-based vaccination strategy would be cost-effective in the Netherlands.

背景:荷兰目前使用的是二价人类乳头瘤病毒疫苗(2vHPV);无价疫苗(9vHPV)也已获得许可:研究设计:我们使用一个经过验证的确定性动态传播元种群模型,比较了荷兰在 100 年内基于 2vHPV 和 9vHPV 疫苗接种策略的公共卫生和经济效益:与 2vHPV 相比,9vHPV 疫苗接种策略避免了额外的 3,245 例 9vHPV 株相关癌症病例和 825 例死亡病例、4,247 例复发性呼吸道乳头状瘤病 (RRP) 病例和 190 例死亡病例,以及 1,009,637 例生殖器疣 (AGW)病例,每获得质量调整生命年 (QALY) 的增量成本效益比 (ICER) 为 4,975 欧元。在 HPV 疫苗接种覆盖率增加的情况下,ICER 会增加,并且对单向确定性敏感性分析相对稳健,疾病效用参数的变化影响最大。如果将≤26岁人群的补种疫苗加入模型,与接种2vHPV疫苗相比,接种9vHPV疫苗可避免更多癌症和AGW:我们的分析预测,在荷兰,从 2vHPV 过渡到 9vHPV 将是一项具有成本效益的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of homologous or heterologous vaccine booster over two initial doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. 同源或异源疫苗强化剂对最初两剂 COVID-19 灭活疫苗的影响。
IF 6.2 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2320861
Viravarn Luvira, Punnee Pitisuttithum

Introduction: Inactivated vaccines were delivered to low- and middle-income countries during the early pandemics of COVID-19. Currently, more than 10 inactivated COVID-19 vaccines have been developed. Most inactivated vaccines contain an inactivated whole-cell index SARS-CoV-2 strain that is adjuvant. Whole virions inactivated with aluminum hydroxide vaccines were among the most commonly used. However, with the emerging of COVID-19 variants and waning of the immunity of two doses of after 3 months, WHO and many local governments have recommended the booster-dose program especially with heterologous platform vaccine.

Area covered: This review was conducted through a literature search of the MEDLINE database to identify articles published from 2020 to 2023 covered the inactivated COVID-19 vaccines primary series with homologous and heterologous booster focusing on safety, immunogenicity, efficacy, and effectiveness.

Expert opinion: The inactivated vaccines, especially whole virion inactivated in aluminum hydroxide appeared to be safe and had good priming effects. Immune responses generated after one dose of heterologous boost were high and able to preventing severity of disease and symptomatic infection. A new approach to inactivated vaccine has been developed using inactivating recombinant vector virus-NDV-HXP-S vaccine.

导言:在 COVID-19 的早期大流行期间,灭活疫苗曾被提供给低收入和中等收入国家。目前,已开发出 10 多种 COVID-19 灭活疫苗。大多数灭活疫苗都含有带有佐剂的灭活全细胞指数 SARS-CoV-2 株。氢氧化铝全病毒灭活疫苗是最常用的疫苗之一。然而,随着 COVID-19 变异株的出现以及三个月后两剂免疫力的减弱,世卫组织和许多地方政府都建议实施加强剂量计划,尤其是使用异源平台疫苗:本综述通过MEDLINE数据库进行文献检索,找出2020年至2023年发表的涉及COVID-19灭活疫苗初级系列与同源和异源加强剂的文章,重点关注安全性、免疫原性、效力和有效性:灭活疫苗,尤其是氢氧化铝灭活的全病毒似乎是安全的,并具有良好的启动效应。接种一剂异源增强剂后产生的免疫反应较高,能够预防疾病的严重程度和无症状感染。使用重组载体病毒-NDV-HXP-S 灭活疫苗开发了新的灭活疫苗方法。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Expert Review of Vaccines
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