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Cost-effectiveness analysis of respiratory syncytial virus vaccination with the adjuvanted prefusion F protein vaccine (RSVPreF3 OA) for adults ≥60 years old in Japan. 日本为年龄≥60 岁的成年人接种佐剂前融合 F 蛋白疫苗(RSVPreF3 OA)的呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗的成本效益分析。
IF 5.5 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2410898
Akiko Mizukami, Victor Preckler, Frederik Verelst, Taizo Matsuki, Yufan Ho, Daisuke Kurai, Daniel Molnar

Objectives: Older adults (OA) are at risk of morbidity and mortality from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a major cause of seasonal acute respiratory illness. The first RSV vaccine for OA (RSVPreF3 OA) was recently launched in Japan. With the already large and growing OA population in Japan, and limited RSV treatments, prevention is key. The aim of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of introducing RSVPreF3 OA for Japanese adults aged ≥60 years.

Methods: A static multicohort Markov model was adapted to assess the cost-effectiveness of a single dose of RSVPreF3 OA versus no vaccination over a three-year time horizon. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess parameter uncertainty.

Results: RSVPreF3 OA vaccination prevented 1,008,499 cases and 6,840 deaths, with 109,119 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was Japanese yen (JPY) 4,180,084/QALY gained from a payer perspective and JPY 4,041,917/QALY gained from a societal perspective (with productivity loss from RSV disease), thus vaccination was considered cost-effective. Base case results were robust to changes in sensitivity and scenario analyses.

Conclusions: RSVPreF3 OA vaccination for adults ≥60 years can provide substantial health benefits and is a cost-effective intervention to reduce the RSV burden in Japan.

目的:老年人(OA)有可能因呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)而发病和死亡,RSV 是季节性急性呼吸道疾病的主要病因。首个针对 OA 的 RSV 疫苗(RSVPreF3 OA)最近在日本上市。由于日本的 OA 人口数量庞大且不断增长,而 RSV 治疗方法有限,因此预防是关键。本研究旨在评估为年龄≥60 岁的日本成年人引入 RSVPreF3 OA 的成本效益:方法:采用静态多队列马尔可夫模型来评估单剂 RSVPreF3 OA 与三年内不接种疫苗的成本效益。进行了确定性和概率敏感性分析,以评估参数的不确定性:接种 RSVPreF3 OA 可预防 1,008,499 例病例和 6,840 例死亡,获得 109,119 个质量调整生命年 (QALY)。从支付方的角度看,增量成本效益比为 4,180,084 日元/QALY,从社会角度看为 4,041,917 日元/QALY(包括 RSV 疾病造成的生产力损失),因此疫苗接种被认为是具有成本效益的。基础研究结果对敏感性分析和情景分析中的变化具有稳健性:结论:为年龄≥60 岁的成年人接种 RSVPreF3 OA 疫苗可带来巨大的健康益处,是减少日本 RSV 负担的一种具有成本效益的干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
Preferences and attitudes of healthcare providers towards pneumococcal vaccines for adults in the United States. 美国医疗服务提供者对成人肺炎球菌疫苗的偏好和态度。
IF 5.5 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2417393
Salini Mohanty, Jui-Hua Tsai, Ning Ning, Ana Martinez, Rishi P Verma, Bianca Chun, Kelly D Johnson, Nicole Cossrow, M Doyinsola Bailey, Thomas Weiss, Elmira Flem, Jordana K Schmier

Objectives: It is important to assess healthcare providers (HCPs) knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and preferences towards new pneumococcal vaccines for adults.

Methods: HCPs who met eligibility criteria completed an online survey between March - May 2024 that included a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to elicit preferences.

Results: Among 340 participating HCPs, the average age was 44.9 years old, and the majority were male (55.6%), and White (85.3%). Most HCPs reported that they would support (90.3%) and implement (91.5%) a lower age-based recommendation for pneumococcal vaccines (from adults 65+ years to adults 50+ years). A majority of HCPs would offer a supplemental dose of a pneumococcal vaccine to high-risk adults 19-49 years, at-risk or high-risk adults 50-64 years, and adults 65+ years regardless of risk status to increase protection after completing the recommended series. DCE results showed that coverage of pneumococcal pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in adults 65+ years were the two most important attributes in evaluating pneumococcal vaccines.

Conclusions: HCPs preferred a pneumococcal vaccine with increased coverage against pneumococcal pneumonia and IPD, and they supported lowering the age recommendation for pneumococcal vaccination as well as a supplemental vaccine dose to provide additional coverage for adults.

目标:评估医疗保健提供者(HCP)对成人新肺炎球菌疫苗的认识、态度、看法和偏好非常重要:方法:符合资格标准的医疗保健提供者(HCPs)在 2024 年 3 月至 5 月期间完成了一项在线调查,其中包括一项离散选择实验(DCE)以了解偏好:在 340 名参与调查的初级保健医生中,平均年龄为 44.9 岁,大多数为男性(55.6%)和白人(85.3%)。大多数保健医生表示,他们将支持(90.3%)并实施(91.5%)降低肺炎球菌疫苗的年龄建议(从 65 岁以上成人降至 50 岁以上成人)。大多数初级保健医生会为 19-49 岁的高风险成人、50-64 岁的高风险或高风险成人以及 65 岁以上的成人(无论其风险状况如何)提供一剂补充肺炎球菌疫苗,以在完成推荐的系列接种后提高保护率。DCE 结果显示,肺炎球菌肺炎和 65 岁以上成人侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病 (IPD) 的覆盖率是评估肺炎球菌疫苗的两个最重要的属性:HCPs更倾向于接种能提高肺炎球菌肺炎和侵入性肺炎球菌疾病覆盖率的肺炎球菌疫苗,他们支持降低肺炎球菌疫苗接种的年龄建议,以及补充疫苗剂量以提高成人的覆盖率。
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引用次数: 0
Public health impact and return on investment of the pediatric National Immunization Program in Italy. 意大利儿科国家免疫计划的公共卫生影响和投资回报。
IF 5.5 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2411425
Marco Barbieri, Sandra E Talbird, Justin Carrico, Sara Boccalini, Angela Bechini, Paolo Bonanni, Claire E Mellott, Francesca Senese, John Cameron Lang, Goran Bencina

Objectives: We conducted a cost-benefit analysis of the pediatric National Immunization Program (NIP) in Italy.

Methods: An economic model evaluated the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of the Italian pediatric NIP, including 10 pathogens for mandatory vaccines and 4 pathogens for recommended vaccines for children aged 0-10 years from the healthcare-sector and societal perspectives. Separate decision trees were used to model each vaccine-preventable disease (VPD). The 2020 birth cohort (n = 420,084) was followed over their lifetime; the model projected and compared discounted disease cases, life-years, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and costs (2021 euros) with and without immunization (based on current and pre - vaccine era disease incidence estimates, respectively).

Results: The pediatric NIP was estimated to prevent 1.8 million cases of VPDs and 3,330 deaths, resulting in 45,900 fewer life-years lost and 57,000 fewer QALYs lost. Vaccination costs of €285 million were offset by disease cost savings of €1.6 billion, resulting in a BCR of 5.6 from a societal perspective (BCR = 1.7 from a healthcare-sector perspective). When QALYs gained were valued, the BCR increased to 15.6.

Conclusions: The benefits of the Italian pediatric NIP, including averted disease-related morbidity, mortality, and associated costs, highlight the value of continued investment in pediatric immunization.

目的:我们对意大利儿童国家免疫计划(NIP)进行了成本效益分析:我们对意大利儿科国家免疫计划(NIP)进行了成本效益分析:经济模型从医疗保健部门和社会的角度评估了意大利儿科国家免疫计划的效益成本比 (BCR),包括 10 种病原体的强制疫苗和 4 种病原体的 0-10 岁儿童推荐疫苗。每种疫苗可预防疾病 (VPD) 都使用独立的决策树建模。对 2020 年出生的人群(n = 420,084 人)进行了终生跟踪;模型预测并比较了接种和不接种疫苗(分别基于当前和疫苗接种前的疾病发病率估计值)的折算疾病病例、生命年、质量调整生命年和成本(2021 欧元):据估计,儿科国家免疫计划可预防 180 万例 VPD 病例和 3,330 例死亡,从而减少 45,900 人的寿命损失和 57,000 人的 QALY 损失。2.85 亿欧元的疫苗接种成本被 16 亿欧元的疾病成本节约所抵消,因此,从社会角度看,BCR 为 5.6(从医疗保健部门角度看,BCR = 1.7)。如果对获得的 QALY 进行估值,BCR 则增至 15.6:意大利儿科国家免疫计划的益处,包括避免了与疾病相关的发病率、死亡率和相关成本,凸显了持续投资儿科免疫接种的价值。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of homologous or heterologous vaccine booster over two initial doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. 同源或异源疫苗强化剂对最初两剂 COVID-19 灭活疫苗的影响。
IF 6.2 3区 医学 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2320861
Viravarn Luvira, Punnee Pitisuttithum

Introduction: Inactivated vaccines were delivered to low- and middle-income countries during the early pandemics of COVID-19. Currently, more than 10 inactivated COVID-19 vaccines have been developed. Most inactivated vaccines contain an inactivated whole-cell index SARS-CoV-2 strain that is adjuvant. Whole virions inactivated with aluminum hydroxide vaccines were among the most commonly used. However, with the emerging of COVID-19 variants and waning of the immunity of two doses of after 3 months, WHO and many local governments have recommended the booster-dose program especially with heterologous platform vaccine.

Area covered: This review was conducted through a literature search of the MEDLINE database to identify articles published from 2020 to 2023 covered the inactivated COVID-19 vaccines primary series with homologous and heterologous booster focusing on safety, immunogenicity, efficacy, and effectiveness.

Expert opinion: The inactivated vaccines, especially whole virion inactivated in aluminum hydroxide appeared to be safe and had good priming effects. Immune responses generated after one dose of heterologous boost were high and able to preventing severity of disease and symptomatic infection. A new approach to inactivated vaccine has been developed using inactivating recombinant vector virus-NDV-HXP-S vaccine.

导言:在 COVID-19 的早期大流行期间,灭活疫苗曾被提供给低收入和中等收入国家。目前,已开发出 10 多种 COVID-19 灭活疫苗。大多数灭活疫苗都含有带有佐剂的灭活全细胞指数 SARS-CoV-2 株。氢氧化铝全病毒灭活疫苗是最常用的疫苗之一。然而,随着 COVID-19 变异株的出现以及三个月后两剂免疫力的减弱,世卫组织和许多地方政府都建议实施加强剂量计划,尤其是使用异源平台疫苗:本综述通过MEDLINE数据库进行文献检索,找出2020年至2023年发表的涉及COVID-19灭活疫苗初级系列与同源和异源加强剂的文章,重点关注安全性、免疫原性、效力和有效性:灭活疫苗,尤其是氢氧化铝灭活的全病毒似乎是安全的,并具有良好的启动效应。接种一剂异源增强剂后产生的免疫反应较高,能够预防疾病的严重程度和无症状感染。使用重组载体病毒-NDV-HXP-S 灭活疫苗开发了新的灭活疫苗方法。
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引用次数: 0
Persistence of antibody to 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine: a 5-year prospective follow-up cohort study. 23 价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗抗体的持续性:一项为期 5 年的前瞻性跟踪队列研究。
IF 6.2 3区 医学 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2296934
Xiang Guo, Juan Li, Jing Qiu, Rui Zhang, Jia Ren, Zhuoying Huang, Zhi Li, Xiufang Liang, Fang Lan, Juan Chen, Fang Huang, Xiaodong Sun

Background: Pneumococcal vaccines are effective in preventing pneumococcal diseases in adults. The evaluation of the antibodies persistence to the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) could provide evidence on PPV23 revaccination.

Research design and methods: Adults aged ≥ 60 years were selected and vaccinated with PPV23 in Shanghai, and followed up for 5 years with blood samples collection of a 1-year interval. The geometric mean concentrations (GMC) of the IgG against 23 pneumococcal serotypes covered by PPV23 were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The antibodies to 23 pneumococcal serotypes among different groups was analyzed using statistical analysis.

Results: Overall, 517 participants completed all six visits over a 5-year period (2013-2018). The GMC of 23 serotypes in adults aged ≥ 60 years decreased slowly after PPV23 vaccination compared to baseline pre-vaccination (P < 0.05), except serotype 3. Additionally, the multiplicative increase in the antibody concentration after PPV23 vaccination was greater, and the antibody levels of serotypes 1 and 6B were significantly higher at visit 5 than at visit 4 (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: The pneumococcal antibodies in elderly after PPV23 vaccination could sustain high levels over long-term follow-up, which suggested that the interval of revaccination with PPV23 in elderly should be at least 5 years after the first vaccination.

背景:肺炎球菌疫苗能有效预防成人肺炎球菌疾病。对23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗(PPV23)抗体持久性的评估可为PPV23的再接种提供证据:研究设计:在上海选择年龄≥60岁的成年人接种PPV23疫苗,并进行为期5年的随访,每隔1年采集1次血样。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测 PPV23 所覆盖的 23 种肺炎球菌血清型的 IgG 几何平均浓度(GMC)。统计分析了不同组别对 23 种肺炎球菌血清型的抗体情况:共有 517 名参与者在 5 年内(2013-2018 年)完成了全部 6 次检查。与接种前的基线相比,接种 PPV23 疫苗后,≥ 60 岁成人 23 种血清型的 GMC 缓慢下降(P P 结论):接种 PPV23 疫苗后,老年人的肺炎球菌抗体可在长期随访中维持在较高水平,这表明老年人再次接种 PPV23 疫苗的间隔应至少为首次接种后 5 年。
{"title":"Persistence of antibody to 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine: a 5-year prospective follow-up cohort study.","authors":"Xiang Guo, Juan Li, Jing Qiu, Rui Zhang, Jia Ren, Zhuoying Huang, Zhi Li, Xiufang Liang, Fang Lan, Juan Chen, Fang Huang, Xiaodong Sun","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2023.2296934","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2023.2296934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pneumococcal vaccines are effective in preventing pneumococcal diseases in adults. The evaluation of the antibodies persistence to the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) could provide evidence on PPV23 revaccination.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Adults aged ≥ 60 years were selected and vaccinated with PPV23 in Shanghai, and followed up for 5 years with blood samples collection of a 1-year interval. The geometric mean concentrations (GMC) of the IgG against 23 pneumococcal serotypes covered by PPV23 were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The antibodies to 23 pneumococcal serotypes among different groups was analyzed using statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 517 participants completed all six visits over a 5-year period (2013-2018). The GMC of 23 serotypes in adults aged ≥ 60 years decreased slowly after PPV23 vaccination compared to baseline pre-vaccination (<i>P</i> < 0.05), except serotype 3. Additionally, the multiplicative increase in the antibody concentration after PPV23 vaccination was greater, and the antibody levels of serotypes 1 and 6B were significantly higher at visit 5 than at visit 4 (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The pneumococcal antibodies in elderly after PPV23 vaccination could sustain high levels over long-term follow-up, which suggested that the interval of revaccination with PPV23 in elderly should be at least 5 years after the first vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cost-effectiveness of nonavalent HPV vaccination in the Netherlands. 荷兰无空洞 HPV 疫苗接种的成本效益。
IF 6.2 3区 医学 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2322543
Cody Palmer, Christiaan Dolk, Ugne Sabale, Wei Wang, Kunal Saxena

Background: A bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (2vHPV) is currently used in the Netherlands; a nonavalent vaccine (9vHPV) is also licensed.

Research design and methods: We compared the public health and economic benefits of 2vHPV- and 9vHPV-based vaccination strategies in the Netherlands over 100 years using a validated deterministic dynamic transmission metapopulation model.

Results: Compared to 2vHPV, the 9vHPV strategy averted an additional 3,245 cases of and 825 deaths from 9vHPV-strain-attributable cancers, 4,247 cases of and 190 deaths from recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), and 1,009,637 cases of anogenital warts (AGWs), with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of €4,975 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. The ICER increased in a scenario with increased HPV vaccination coverage rates and was relatively robust to one-way deterministic sensitivity analyses, with variation in the disease utility parameter having the most impact. When catch-up vaccination for individuals ≤26 years of age was added to the model, vaccinating with 9vHPV averted additional cancers and AGWs compared to 2vHPV vaccination.

Conclusion: Our analyses predict that transitioning from a 2vHPV- to a 9vHPV-based vaccination strategy would be cost-effective in the Netherlands.

背景:荷兰目前使用的是二价人类乳头瘤病毒疫苗(2vHPV);无价疫苗(9vHPV)也已获得许可:研究设计:我们使用一个经过验证的确定性动态传播元种群模型,比较了荷兰在 100 年内基于 2vHPV 和 9vHPV 疫苗接种策略的公共卫生和经济效益:与 2vHPV 相比,9vHPV 疫苗接种策略避免了额外的 3,245 例 9vHPV 株相关癌症病例和 825 例死亡病例、4,247 例复发性呼吸道乳头状瘤病 (RRP) 病例和 190 例死亡病例,以及 1,009,637 例生殖器疣 (AGW)病例,每获得质量调整生命年 (QALY) 的增量成本效益比 (ICER) 为 4,975 欧元。在 HPV 疫苗接种覆盖率增加的情况下,ICER 会增加,并且对单向确定性敏感性分析相对稳健,疾病效用参数的变化影响最大。如果将≤26岁人群的补种疫苗加入模型,与接种2vHPV疫苗相比,接种9vHPV疫苗可避免更多癌症和AGW:我们的分析预测,在荷兰,从 2vHPV 过渡到 9vHPV 将是一项具有成本效益的策略。
{"title":"Cost-effectiveness of nonavalent HPV vaccination in the Netherlands.","authors":"Cody Palmer, Christiaan Dolk, Ugne Sabale, Wei Wang, Kunal Saxena","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2322543","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2322543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (2vHPV) is currently used in the Netherlands; a nonavalent vaccine (9vHPV) is also licensed.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We compared the public health and economic benefits of 2vHPV- and 9vHPV-based vaccination strategies in the Netherlands over 100 years using a validated deterministic dynamic transmission metapopulation model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to 2vHPV, the 9vHPV strategy averted an additional 3,245 cases of and 825 deaths from 9vHPV-strain-attributable cancers, 4,247 cases of and 190 deaths from recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), and 1,009,637 cases of anogenital warts (AGWs), with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of €4,975 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. The ICER increased in a scenario with increased HPV vaccination coverage rates and was relatively robust to one-way deterministic sensitivity analyses, with variation in the disease utility parameter having the most impact. When catch-up vaccination for individuals ≤26 years of age was added to the model, vaccinating with 9vHPV averted additional cancers and AGWs compared to 2vHPV vaccination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our analyses predict that transitioning from a 2vHPV- to a 9vHPV-based vaccination strategy would be cost-effective in the Netherlands.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139989768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neoadjuvant personalized cancer vaccines: the final frontier? 新辅助个性化癌症疫苗:最后的前沿?
IF 6.2 3区 医学 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2303015
Guilhem Richard, Nicole Ruggiero, Gary D Steinberg, William D Martin, Anne S De Groot

Introduction: Clinical trials of personalized cancer vaccines have shown that on-demand therapies that are manufactured for each patient, result in activated T cell responses against individual tumor neoantigens. However, their use has been traditionally restricted to adjuvant settings and late-stage cancer therapy. There is growing support for the implementation of PCV earlier in the cancer therapy timeline, for reasons that will be discussed in this review.

Areas covered: The efficacy of cancer vaccines may be to some extent dependent on treatment(s) given prior to vaccine administration. Tumors can undergo radical immunoediting following treatment with immunotherapies, such as checkpoint inhibitors, which may affect the presence of the very mutations targeted by cancer vaccines. This review will cover the topics of neoantigen cancer vaccines, tumor immunoediting, and therapy timing.

Expert opinion: Therapy timing remains a critical topic to address in optimizing the efficacy of personalized cancer vaccines. Most personalized cancer vaccines are being evaluated in late-stage cancer patients and after treatment with checkpoint inhibitors, but they may offer a greater benefit to the patient if administered in earlier clinical settings, such as the neoadjuvant setting, where patients are not facing T cell exhaustion and/or a further compromised immune system.

导言:个性化癌症疫苗的临床试验表明,为每位患者按需制造的疗法可产生针对单个肿瘤新抗原的活化 T 细胞反应。然而,这些疫苗的使用传统上仅限于辅助治疗和晚期癌症治疗。越来越多的人支持在癌症治疗的早期阶段使用 PCV,原因将在本综述中讨论:癌症疫苗的疗效在一定程度上取决于接种疫苗前的治疗。在接受免疫疗法(如检查点抑制剂)治疗后,肿瘤可能会发生彻底的免疫编辑,这可能会影响癌症疫苗所针对的突变的存在。本综述将涵盖新抗原癌症疫苗、肿瘤免疫编辑和治疗时机等主题:治疗时机仍是优化个性化癌症疫苗疗效的关键问题。大多数个性化癌症疫苗都是在晚期癌症患者和接受检查点抑制剂治疗后进行评估的,但如果在较早的临床环境中(如新辅助治疗环境)给药,患者可能会获得更大的益处,因为在新辅助治疗环境中,患者不会面临T细胞衰竭和/或免疫系统进一步受损的情况。
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引用次数: 0
Inactivated recombinant influenza vaccine: the promising direction for the next generation of influenza vaccine. 灭活重组流感疫苗:下一代流感疫苗的发展方向。
IF 6.2 3区 医学 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2333338
Hua Shi, Ted M Ross

Introduction: Vaccination is the most effective method to control the prevalence of seasonal influenza and the most widely used influenza vaccine is the inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV). Each season, the influenza vaccine must be updated to be most effective against current circulating variants. Therefore, developing a universal influenza vaccine (UIV) that can elicit both broad and durable protection is of the utmost importance.

Area covered: This review summarizes and compares the available influenza vaccines in the market and inactivation methods used for manufacturing IIVs. Then, we discuss the latest progress of the UIV development in the IIV format and the challenges to address for moving these vaccine candidates to clinical trials and commercialization. The literature search was based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the PubMed databases.

Expert opinion: The unmet need for UIV is the primary aim of developing the next generation of influenza vaccines. The IIV has high antigenicity and a refined manufacturing process compared to most other formats. Developing the UIV in IIV format is a promising direction with advanced biomolecular technologies and next-generation adjuvant. It also inspires the development of universal vaccines for other infectious diseases.

导言:接种疫苗是控制季节性流感流行的最有效方法,而最广泛使用的流感疫苗是灭活流感疫苗(IIV)。每个季节,流感疫苗都必须更新,以最有效地预防当前流行的变种。因此,开发一种能产生广泛而持久保护作用的通用流感疫苗(UIV)至关重要:本综述总结并比较了市场上现有的流感疫苗和用于制造 IIV 的灭活方法。然后,我们讨论了以 IIV 形式开发 UIV 的最新进展,以及将这些候选疫苗推向临床试验和商业化所面临的挑战。文献检索基于美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)和PubMed数据库:开发新一代流感疫苗的主要目的是满足对 UIV 的未满足需求。与大多数其他形式的疫苗相比,IIV 具有高抗原性和精良的生产工艺。利用先进的生物分子技术和新一代佐剂开发 IIV 形式的 UIV 是一个很有前景的方向。这也为开发其他传染病的通用疫苗提供了灵感。
{"title":"Inactivated recombinant influenza vaccine: the promising direction for the next generation of influenza vaccine.","authors":"Hua Shi, Ted M Ross","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2333338","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2333338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vaccination is the most effective method to control the prevalence of seasonal influenza and the most widely used influenza vaccine is the inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV). Each season, the influenza vaccine must be updated to be most effective against current circulating variants. Therefore, developing a universal influenza vaccine (UIV) that can elicit both broad and durable protection is of the utmost importance.</p><p><strong>Area covered: </strong>This review summarizes and compares the available influenza vaccines in the market and inactivation methods used for manufacturing IIVs. Then, we discuss the latest progress of the UIV development in the IIV format and the challenges to address for moving these vaccine candidates to clinical trials and commercialization. The literature search was based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the PubMed databases.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The unmet need for UIV is the primary aim of developing the next generation of influenza vaccines. The IIV has high antigenicity and a refined manufacturing process compared to most other formats. Developing the UIV in IIV format is a promising direction with advanced biomolecular technologies and next-generation adjuvant. It also inspires the development of universal vaccines for other infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11056089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Screening of tumor antigens and immunogenic cell death landscapes of prostate adenocarcinoma for exploration of mRNA vaccine. 筛选前列腺癌的肿瘤抗原和免疫原性细胞死亡景观,探索 mRNA 疫苗。
IF 5.5 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2396086
Guopeng Yu, Yuansheng Lin, Jianqing Wang, Lin Zhou, Yingying Lu, Xiang Fei, Xin Gu, Shangqing Song, Jiangyi Wang, Yushan Liu, Qing Yang, Ming Zhan, Seung-Yong Seo, Bin Xu

Background: In this study, effective antigens of mRNA vaccine were excavated from the perspective of ICD, and ICD subtypes of PRAD were further distinguished to establish an ICD landscape, thereby determining suitable vaccine recipients.

Research design and methods: TCGA and MSKCC databases were applied to acquire RNA-seq data and corresponding clinical data of 554 and 131 patients, respectively. GEPIA was employed to measure prognostic indices. Then, a comparison of genetic alterations was performed utilizing cBioPortal, and correlation of identified ICD antigens with immune infiltrating cells was analyzed employing TIMER. Moreover, ICD subtypes were identified by means of consensus cluster, and ICD landscape of PRAD was depicted utilizing graph learning-based dimensional reduction.

Results: In total, 4 PRAD antigens were identified in PRAD, including FUS, LMNB2, RNPC3, and ZNF700, which had association with adverse prognosis and infiltration of APCs. PRAD patients were classified as two ICD subtypes based on their differences in molecular, cellular, and clinical features. Furthermore, ICD modulators and immune checkpoints were also differentially expressed between two ICD subtype tumors. Finally, the ICD landscape of PRAD showed substantial heterogeneity among individual patients.

Conclusions: In summary, the research may provide a theoretical foundation for developing mRNA vaccine against PRAD as well as determining appropriate vaccine recipients.

背景:本研究从ICD的角度挖掘mRNA疫苗的有效抗原,并进一步区分PRAD的ICD亚型,建立ICD图谱,从而确定合适的疫苗接种对象:应用TCGA和MSKCC数据库分别获得554例和131例患者的RNA-seq数据和相应的临床数据。采用 GEPIA 测量预后指数。然后利用 cBioPortal 对基因改变进行比较,并利用 TIMER 分析已确定的 ICD 抗原与免疫浸润细胞的相关性。此外,还通过共识聚类确定了ICD亚型,并利用基于图学习的降维方法描绘了PRAD的ICD图谱:结果:在PRAD中总共发现了4种PRAD抗原,包括FUS、LMNB2、RNPC3和ZNF700,它们与不良预后和APCs浸润有关。根据分子、细胞和临床特征的差异,PRAD 患者被分为两种 ICD 亚型。此外,ICD调节因子和免疫检查点在两种ICD亚型肿瘤之间也有不同的表达。最后,PRAD的ICD图谱在患者个体间表现出很大的异质性:总之,该研究可为开发针对 PRAD 的 mRNA 疫苗以及确定合适的疫苗受体提供理论依据。
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引用次数: 0
Pneumococcal serotypes missing prespecified efficacy threshold in immunogenicity trials: real-world evidence from national immunization programs. 免疫原性试验中未达预设疗效阈值的肺炎球菌血清型:来自国家免疫计划的实际证据。
IF 5.5 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2409662
Johnna Perdrizet, Michele Wilson, Warisa Wannaadisai, Kevin Apodaca, Lindsay Grant

Objectives: The 13-valent (PCV13) and 10-valent (PCV10) pneumococcal conjugate vaccines missed non-inferiority for certain 7-valent (PCV7) serotypes in immunogenicity trials. This study examines the population-level IPD case trends for these serotypes.

Methods: We identified six countries with national IPD surveillance data that introduced PCV13 (Canada, Germany, Israel, Italy, South Africa, and the United States) and three with PCV10 (Finland, Brazil, and the Netherlands). We extracted country-specific annual IPD case counts for PCV7 serotypes that missed non-inferiority and met non-inferiority (6B + 23F and PCV7 minus [6B + 23F] serotypes for PCV10 countries; 6B +9V + 23F, and PCV7 minus [6B +9V + 23F] serotypes for PCV13 countries) in clinical trials. Case count data for each country were plotted for observed serotype trends in different age groups (<5 and ≥5 years) for 8 years following PCV13/PCV10 introduction.

Results: For all ages and countries, IPD cases due to PCV7 serotypes that missed non-inferiority either decreased or remained suppressed following PCV13/PCV10 introduction. Similar trends were found for PCV7 serotypes that met non-inferiority in those <5 years. Paradoxically, cases increased in those ≥5 years in Canada, Italy, and the US, primarily driven by increases in serotypes 4 and 19F disease.

Conclusions: Despite missing non-inferiority of serotypes in immunogenicity trials, higher-valent PCVs effectively suppressed these serotypes across all ages. Non-inferiority criteria from immunogenicity trials may not fully predict real-world disease impact after PCV implementation.

目标:13 价 (PCV13) 和 10 价 (PCV10) 肺炎球菌结合疫苗在免疫原性试验中错过了某些 7 价 (PCV7) 血清型的非劣效性。本研究探讨了这些血清型的人群 IPD 病例趋势:我们确定了 6 个拥有全国 IPD 监测数据、引入 PCV13 的国家(加拿大、德国、以色列、意大利、南非和美国)和 3 个引入 PCV10 的国家(芬兰、巴西和荷兰)。我们提取了不同年龄组达到非劣效性血清型(4、14、18C、19F、9 V [仅 PCV10])和未达到非劣效性血清型(6B、23F、9 V [仅 PCV13])的各国年度 IPD 病例数(结果:在所有年龄组和国家,PCV13/PCV10 引入后,因 PCV7 血清型错过非劣效性而导致的 IPD 病例要么减少,要么保持抑制。在这些国家,达到非劣效性的 PCV7 血清型也出现了类似的趋势:尽管在免疫原性试验中血清型未达到非劣效性标准,但高价 PCV 可有效抑制所有年龄段的这些血清型。免疫原性试验的非劣效性标准可能无法完全预测 PCV 实施后对实际疾病的影响。
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Expert Review of Vaccines
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