Forest Ecology and Management最新文献_第2页

Plant diversity shifts soil phosphorus and nitrogen limitations to carbon processes along latitudinal gradients: Role of nutrient stoichiometry 植物多样性沿纬度梯度将土壤磷氮限制转变为碳过程：营养化学计量学的作用

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123574

Belayneh Azene , Wenjie Bao , Chaoying Yang , Awoke Guadie , Yalemzewd Nigussie , Min Cao , Kun Xu , Yun Deng , Hua Huang , Guanghong Cao , Feng Liu , Shangwen Xia , Xinxing He , Luxiang Lin , Xiaodong Yang

In a warming world, understanding how climate, vegetation, and topography influence forest soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) stoichiometry is critical. However, the role of species diversity across latitudinal and elevational gradients remains unclear. To address this, we investigated the spatial variation in soil C, N, and P stoichiometry associated with climate, topography, and vegetation attributes by analyzing 1322 georeferenced topsoil samples from six 20-ha forest sites spanning an elevational gradient from tropical monsoon rainforest to temperate subalpine coniferous forest in Southwest China. While climatic factors shaped broad biogeochemical patterns, within-site species diversity was significantly positively associated with soil P concentrations and negatively associated with C:N, C:P and N:P ratios, suggesting a potential alleviation of nutrient limitation. Importantly, site-specific analysis revealed that these associations were context-dependent. Specifically, diversity was negatively correlated with soil C:P and N:P in sites with high soil C:P ratios (P-poor), whereas it was positively correlated with them in sites with low soil C:P (P-rich), suggesting that diversity-stoichiometry relationships depend on local soil P status. This systematic shift indicates that higher diversity was associated with relatively greater soil P content in P-limited environments, but with higher soil C and N concentrations under P-rich conditions. Overall, our findings indicate that plant diversity is strongly associated with forest soil nutrient balance, suggesting that maintaining or restoring species diversity may contribute to forest ecosystem function and resilience under environmental change.

在一个变暖的世界，了解气候、植被和地形如何影响森林土壤碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)的化学计量是至关重要的。然而，物种多样性在纬度和海拔梯度上的作用尚不清楚。为了解决这一问题，我们分析了中国西南地区从热带季风雨林到温带亚高山针叶林的6个20公顷森林样地的1322个地理参考表土样品，研究了土壤C、N和P化学计量学的空间变化与气候、地形和植被属性的关系。虽然气候因子塑造了广泛的生物地球化学格局，但站点内物种多样性与土壤P浓度呈显著正相关，与C:N、C:P和N:P比率呈显著负相关，表明养分限制可能得到缓解。重要的是，特定地点的分析显示，这些关联与环境有关。在土壤碳磷比高的地区（贫磷），多样性与土壤碳磷比和氮磷比呈负相关，而在土壤碳磷比低的地区（富磷），多样性与土壤碳磷比和氮磷比呈正相关，表明多样性-化学计量关系依赖于当地土壤磷状况。这一系统转变表明，在磷限制的环境中，较高的多样性与相对较高的土壤P含量有关，而在富磷条件下，与较高的土壤C和N浓度有关。综上所述，植物多样性与森林土壤养分平衡密切相关，表明维持或恢复物种多样性可能有助于森林生态系统在环境变化下的功能和恢复力。

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引用次数: 0

The climate-fire nexus: Understanding post-fire vegetation recovery 气候-火灾关系：了解火灾后植被恢复

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123568

Fernando Pérez-Cabello, Roberto Serrano-Notivoli, Raquel Montorio, Cristian Iranzo

In Mediterranean ecosystems, high-frequency hydroclimatic variability, along with shifts in the fire regime, are key drivers of forest degradation. In this context, understanding post-fire vegetation recovery is crucial for both ecological research and forest management standpoint. Satellite-based remote sensing, particularly through orbital platforms, provides a robust framework for tracking post-fire vegetation dynamics. We assessed recovery patterns across 30 fire-affected areas in Aragón (northeastern Spain) by analyzing temporal trends in the Leaf Area Index (LAI), a widely used proxy for canopy structure, primary productivity, and vegetation health. Using Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs), we modeled LAI trajectories as a function of fire severity, dominant plant regenerative traits, and post-fire climatic conditions (drought or wet periods), including fire location as a random effect to account for spatial heterogeneity among burn sites. The models showed strong predictive capacity (R² ≈ 0.80), and the inclusion of random effects substantially improved model fit, underscoring the importance of site-specific factors in shaping recovery dynamics. Fire severity and post-fire moisture availability—particularly during the first years—were the most influential drivers of LAI regeneration. The regeneration mechanism of dominant vegetation also contributed to early post-fire recovery, although its influence diminished over time. From a forest management perspective, these findings can inform the design of post-fire recovery strategies based on different post-fire moisture and severity conditions.

在地中海生态系统中，频繁的水文气候变化以及火灾制度的变化是森林退化的主要驱动因素。在这种背景下，了解火灾后植被的恢复对生态研究和森林管理都至关重要。卫星遥感，特别是通过轨道平台，为跟踪火灾后植被动态提供了一个强有力的框架。通过分析叶面积指数（LAI）的时间趋势，我们评估了Aragón（西班牙东北部）30个受火灾影响地区的恢复模式。叶面积指数（LAI）是一个广泛使用的代表冠层结构、初级生产力和植被健康的指标。利用广义线性混合模型（glmm），我们将LAI轨迹建模为火灾严重程度、主要植物再生性状和火灾后气候条件（干旱或潮湿期）的函数，包括火灾位置作为随机效应来解释烧伤地点之间的空间异质性。模型显示出较强的预测能力（R²≈0.80），并且随机效应的纳入大大提高了模型拟合，强调了特定地点因素在形成恢复动态中的重要性。火灾严重程度和火灾后水分有效性（特别是在头几年）是LAI更新的最重要驱动因素。优势植被的更新机制也有助于火灾后的早期恢复，尽管其影响随着时间的推移而减弱。从森林管理的角度来看，这些发现可以为基于不同的火灾后湿度和严重程度条件的火灾后恢复策略的设计提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Biochar-induced enhancement of soil available phosphorus shows pronounced temporal dynamics in subtropical Chinese fir plantations 在亚热带杉木人工林中，生物炭对土壤有效磷的提高表现出明显的时间动态

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123563

Jiangfeng Wang , Fangyin Pan , Kate Heal , Chuifan Zhou

Available phosphorus (AP) is a critical limiting factor for productivity and nutrient cycling in subtropical Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantations. However, plantation soils are typically acidic and phosphorus deficient, resulting in persistently low AP levels. Biochar, owing to its distinct physicochemical properties, is considered effective in improving soil conditions and nutrient availability. However, how soil AP responds to biochar over time remains poorly understood, particularly whether early increases can be sustained or instead diminish and reverse over time. In this study, a field experiment was conducted in a subtropical 3-year-old Chinese fir plantation in Fujian Province, China. The experiment was established on an acidic red soil (Ultisol) with a sandy loam texture. Corn straw biochar produced at 400–500 °C under oxygen-limited slow pyrolysis was applied once at four rates (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 kg plant⁻¹) to replicated plots. Soil samples from each plot were collected at 6, 12, and 18 months after biochar application and analyzed for soil AP, phosphorus fractions, pH, Fe/Al oxides, and microbial communities. Biochar application significantly increased soil AP concentrations at 6–12 months, with AP increasing by 18–56 % at 6 months and 10–47 % at 12 months relative to the control and showing a clear dose-dependent pattern. However, by 18 months, soil AP in all biochar treatments had declined markedly and decreased by 72–76 % relative to the control, indicating that the initial AP enhancement was not sustained and reversed over time. Machine learning and structural equation modeling applied to identify drivers of AP showed that early increases in AP were driven by elevated soil pH and weakened Fe/Al fixation, whereas later declines were associated with Ca-P precipitation and sustained Fe/Al-P stabilization. Consistent with this shift, Ca-bound P increased by 22–36 %, while Fe-P and Al-P decreased by 17–60 % at 18 months relative to the control. Biochar also reshaped soil bacterial communities and P-cycling functional groups, with Proteobacteria-dominated phosphate-solubilizing assemblages and certain Actinobacteriota showing treatment- and time-dependent shifts that were linked to changes in soil AP dynamics. Overall, biochar effectively alleviates soil phosphorus limitation in subtropical Chinese fir plantations in the short term, but its effect is strongly time dependent and may diminish and reverse over time. Our results highlight soil pH elevation and Ca-P precipitation as the dominant biochar-associated drivers of AP dynamics. Since a single high-dose biochar application, although highly effective in the short term, tends to accelerate fixation processes in the long term, plantation management should consider low-dose repeated biochar applications or integration with organic amendments to prolong the effect and sustain nutrient supply and ecosystem functioning.

速效磷（AP）是亚热带杉木人工林生产力和养分循环的关键限制因子。然而，人工林土壤典型的酸性和缺磷，导致持续低AP水平。生物炭由于其独特的物理化学性质，被认为对改善土壤条件和养分有效性有效。然而，随着时间的推移，土壤AP对生物炭的反应仍然知之甚少，特别是早期的增加是否可以持续，还是随着时间的推移而减少和逆转。本研究在福建省一个亚热带3年生杉木人工林进行了田间试验。试验建立在砂壤土质地的酸性红壤（Ultisol）上。在400-500°C限氧缓慢热解条件下生产的玉米秸秆生物炭以四种速率（0、0.5、1和2 kg plant−1）施用于重复地块一次。在施用生物炭后6、12和18个月采集每个地块的土壤样品，分析土壤AP、磷组分、pH、铁/铝氧化物和微生物群落。施用生物炭显著增加了6 - 12个月土壤AP浓度，与对照相比，6个月和12个月的AP浓度分别增加了18-56 %和10-47 %，并呈现出明显的剂量依赖性。然而，到18个月时，所有生物炭处理的土壤AP都明显下降，与对照相比下降了72-76 %，表明最初的AP增强并没有持续，并随着时间的推移而逆转。应用机器学习和结构方程模型识别AP的驱动因素表明，早期AP的增加是由土壤pH升高和Fe/Al固定减弱驱动的，而后期的下降与Ca-P降水和Fe/Al- p持续稳定有关。与这种转变相一致，在18个月时，相对于对照组，钙结合的P增加了22-36 %，而Fe-P和Al-P减少了17-60 %。生物炭还重塑了土壤细菌群落和磷循环功能群，以变形菌群为主的磷酸盐溶解组合和某些放线菌群显示出与土壤AP动态变化相关的处理和时间依赖性变化。总体而言，生物炭在短期内有效缓解了亚热带杉木人工林土壤磷限制，但其效果具有强烈的时间依赖性，并可能随着时间的推移而减弱和逆转。我们的研究结果强调了土壤pH值升高和Ca-P降水是主要的生物炭相关的AP动态驱动因素。由于单一的高剂量生物炭施用虽然在短期内非常有效，但在长期内往往会加速固定过程，因此人工林管理应考虑重复施用低剂量生物炭或与有机改剂结合使用，以延长效果并维持养分供应和生态系统功能。

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引用次数: 0

Does forest stand age matters in Mediterranean forests? Bryophyte richness and composition in the endemic Spanish fir woodlands 在地中海森林中，林龄重要吗？西班牙特有冷杉林地苔藓植物的丰富度和组成

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123561

Laura Santamaria-Gozalo , Aida Calvo-Torralbo , Sergio Pérez-Ortega , Jesús Muñoz

Forest continuity is often assumed to increase bryophyte diversity, yet in Mediterranean Spanish fir (Abies pinsapo) forests we found no effect of stand age on richness, composition, or assemblage structure. Across paired old and young stands, generalized linear mixed models showed that age (a proxy for temporal continuity) was not a significant predictor of species richness, and no age-by-environment interactions altered this result. Community structure was instead explained by atmospheric water availability and microtopographic context. Distance-based redundancy analyses identified cloud probability (horizontal rain) as the main driver of epiphyte richness, whereas terrain roughness additionally influenced terricolous and saxicolous species. Turnover (β) depended on spatial proximity rather than age, and no bryophyte species or species combinations were identified as indicators of stand age. Older Spanish fir stands lack much of the bryoflora typical of old-growth forests, likely reflecting centuries of intensive management; therefore, assessments of forest continuity in Mediterranean systems should explicitly account for historical land use. From a conservation perspective, current old-growth trees host few specialists of dead wood or of microniches on old trunks and branches. Nevertheless, the similarity of assemblages between old and young stands indicates functional connectivity and rapid colonization of regenerating patches, with older stands acting as retention/source areas that seed adjacent young forests and thereby support ongoing restoration approaches.

森林连续性通常被认为可以增加苔藓植物的多样性，但在地中海西班牙冷杉（Abies pinsapo）森林中，我们发现林龄对丰富度、组成或组合结构没有影响。广义线性混合模型表明，年龄（时间连续性的代表）不是物种丰富度的显著预测因子，并且年龄-环境相互作用不会改变这一结果。群落结构由大气水分有效性和微地形环境来解释。基于距离的冗余分析发现，云概率（水平雨）是附生植物丰富度的主要驱动因素，而地形粗糙度对陆生和沙生植物种类也有影响。林分周转率（β）与林分年龄无关，而与林分空间接近度有关，未发现苔藓植物种类或物种组合作为林分年龄的指示因子。古老的西班牙冷杉林缺乏许多典型的原始森林苔藓植物，可能反映了几个世纪的集约化管理；因此，对地中海系统森林连续性的评估应明确考虑到历史上的土地利用情况。从保护的角度来看，现在的老树很少有枯木或老树干和老树枝上的微生境的专家。然而，老林分和幼林分组合的相似性表明功能连通性和再生斑块的快速定植，老林分作为保留/源区，为邻近的幼林播种，从而支持正在进行的恢复方法。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of prescribed fire on Quercus rubra regeneration near its northern range limit 规定火种对北方边界栎树再生的影响

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123565

Khanh Ton , Matthew A. Vadeboncoeur , Natalie L. Cleavitt , Abigail Powell , Heidi Asbjornsen

Northern red oak (Quercus rubra) is predicted to expand northward in the northeastern United States with climate change and could increase functional diversity of northern forests. However, red oak regeneration currently faces many challenges including herbivory, pathogens, and consequences of forest mesophication such as light insufficiency and competition with more mesic species. Prescribed burns may address some of these challenges to oak recruitment and establishment. In the White Mountain National Forest in New Hampshire, we studied pairs of stands harvested within the past decade, with one stand in each pair receiving a prescribed burn of low-moderate intensity. We surveyed and measured naturally regenerated oak seedlings along transects over two years. Seedling density in burned stands was three times the density in paired unburned controls. Seedlings in burned stands had larger root collar diameters, greater extension growth, and more leaves, likely due to greater light availability in burned stands. Additionally, in a mesocosm experiment, seedlings grown in burned soil developed faster and had thicker root collars by the end of the first season than those grown in unburned soil, suggesting additional soil-mediated benefits. Our study demonstrates positive effects of burning for red oak regeneration via both aboveground and belowground mechanisms and affirms prescribed fire as a potentially beneficial silvicultural management tool for northern red oak at and near its northern range limit. However, in stands where advance regeneration of oak is lacking, a single prescribed burn may not be sufficient to regenerate mature oaks without additional silvicultural intervention.

随着气候变化，北方红橡树（Quercus rubra）预计将在美国东北部向北扩张，并可能增加北方森林的功能多样性。然而，红橡树的再生目前面临着许多挑战，包括草食、病原菌和森林中植化的后果，如光照不足和与更多中植物种的竞争。处方烧伤可以解决橡树招募和建立的一些挑战。在新罕布什尔州的白山国家森林（White Mountain National Forest），我们研究了过去10年里收获的几对林分，每对林分中有一处接受了规定的低、中等强度的焚烧。我们在两年多的时间里沿着样带对自然再生的橡树幼苗进行了调查和测量。燃烧林分的幼苗密度是未燃烧对照的3倍。燃烧林分的幼苗具有较大的根颈直径、较大的伸长生长和更多的叶片，这可能是由于燃烧林分的光利用率较高。此外，在一个中生态实验中，在烧焦的土壤中生长的幼苗比在未烧焦的土壤中生长的幼苗在第一季结束时生长得更快，根圈更粗，这表明了额外的土壤介导的好处。我们的研究通过地上和地下两种机制证明了燃烧对红橡树再生的积极影响，并确认了规定的火灾是一种潜在的有益的北方红橡树的造林管理工具。然而，在橡树缺乏提前再生的林分中，如果没有额外的造林干预，单一的规定燃烧可能不足以再生成熟的橡树。

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引用次数: 0

Integration of Google’s Alpha Earth Foundations into biomass estimation combined with GEDI spaceborne lidar and field inventory data 结合GEDI星载激光雷达和现场库存数据，将谷歌的Alpha地球基金会整合到生物量估算中

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123550

Adrian Pascual , Juan Guerra-Hernández

The temporal harmonization of Earth Observation datasets into numerical embeddings at the global scale and at high resolution over time is ground-breaking. Using Google’s Alpha Earth Foundations (AEF) product over Spain we estimate and predict biomass comparing the performance of two reference datasets: estimates from GEDI at the footprint level and enhanced-geolocated field inventory plots. These measurements, biomass estimates from GEDI and AEF reference year matched in time for out study area - the largest region in Spain. Biomass estimates for AEF showed moderate-low errors (mean % RMSE in calibrations = 0.31) when using inventory plots although. For the GEDI-based calibration strategy, errors were larger (0.38) but for some sub-jurisdictions the performance was nearly identical. We found a ∼20 % error increase in the interval validation in both cases. The embeddings that most contributed to explain biomass were common in the two alternatives, showing consistency across the experiment and reference results for upcoming studies. Our biomass predictions were further validated using independent estimates from canopy height information – airborne lidar and imputed waveforms. Calibrating AEF with inventory plots matched the accuracy of biomass predicted from on-orbit GEDI biomass models and precise lidar-simulated canopy structure used as predictor. Our results showed that AEF trained with field plots can be a promising solution to maximize NFI datasets for large-scale biomass mapping at yearly periodicities. Where biases in GEDI biomass models are low - or where field plot data is not available - biomass estimates from GEDI are can train AEF with sufficiency and over time - increasing the limited temporal range that NFI measurements offer – expanding the ability of GEDI data users to generate carbon biomass to support forest management and conservation among other many GEDI data applications.

将地球观测数据集在时间上统一为全球尺度和高分辨率的数值嵌入是突破性的。使用谷歌的Alpha Earth Foundations （AEF）产品，我们通过比较两个参考数据集的性能来估计和预测西班牙的生物量：GEDI在足迹水平上的估计值和增强地理定位的野外库存图。这些测量、GEDI和AEF参考年的生物量估计值与我们的研究区域——西班牙最大的地区——的时间相匹配。当使用库存图时，AEF的生物量估计值显示出中低的误差（校准中的平均% RMSE = 0.31）。对于基于gedi的校准策略，误差较大（0.38），但对于某些子辖区，性能几乎相同。我们发现在这两种情况下，间隔验证的误差增加了~ 20 %。最有助于解释生物量的嵌入在两种替代方案中是常见的，在实验和即将进行的研究的参考结果中显示出一致性。我们的生物量预测进一步验证了独立估计的冠层高度信息-机载激光雷达和输入波形。利用盘存图对AEF进行校准，与在轨GEDI生物量模型和精确激光雷达模拟冠层结构预测的生物量精度相匹配。我们的研究结果表明，野外样地训练的AEF可以是一个有希望的解决方案，以最大限度地利用NFI数据集，以进行年周期性的大规模生物量制图。在GEDI生物质能模型偏差较低的地方，或者在没有实地样地数据的地方，GEDI的生物质能估计值可以对AEF进行充分和长期的训练——增加NFI测量提供的有限的时间范围——扩大GEDI数据用户生成碳生物质的能力，以支持森林管理和保护以及其他许多GEDI数据应用。

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引用次数: 0

The value of old pine plantations in ants' conservation in the Mediterranean: a comparison with well-conserved forests 地中海老松林在蚂蚁保护中的价值：与保护良好的森林的比较

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123556

Estrella Conde-Raposo , Francisco M. Azcárate , Jesús López-Angulo , F. Javier Jiménez-López , David S. Pescador , Victoria Calvo-Donate , Manuel Rojo-Valencia , Nínive Navas-Golmar , Adrián Escudero , Ana I. García-Cervigón

Restoring forests is a global priority action for reverting biodiversity loss and sustaining essential ecosystem services. Among the most widespread strategies, tree planting dominates efforts worldwide, but its capacity to recover biodiversity and ecosystem processes remains uncertain. In this context, ants are increasingly recognized as key indicators of ecological conditions due to their sensitivity to environmental change and their role in multiple ecosystem functions. In this study, we evaluated the ecological value of pine plantations by examining ant biodiversity and community composition in comparison with mature well-conserved reference forests in Mediterranean ecosystems. We specifically assessed how forest structure, soil properties, management practices and vegetation composition influence ant communities. Our results showed that mature forests host more forest-associated ant species, while plantations are dominated by widespread generalists. Structural heterogeneity and forest management favored forest species but reduced overall richness, abundance and Simpson diversity. In plantations, taller trees and older stands were associated with fewer widespread species, suggesting changes in the dominance structure of ant assemblages. Ant community composition was influenced by forest type, vegetation composition, and tree height. These findings indicate that pine plantations form different ant assemblages that do not fully replicate those of mature forests, even after a century. We highlight the importance of conserving existing native forests and the need to incorporate faunal metrics into success restoration assessments.

恢复森林是恢复生物多样性丧失和维持基本生态系统服务的全球优先行动。在最广泛的策略中，植树造林在世界范围内占主导地位，但其恢复生物多样性和生态系统过程的能力仍不确定。在这种背景下，蚂蚁因其对环境变化的敏感性和在多种生态系统功能中的作用，越来越被认为是生态状况的关键指标。在本研究中，我们通过对比地中海生态系统中保存良好的成熟参考林的蚂蚁多样性和群落组成来评估松林的生态价值。我们特别评估了森林结构、土壤性质、管理实践和植被组成如何影响蚂蚁群落。研究结果表明，成熟森林中有更多与森林相关的蚂蚁种类，而人工林中则以广泛分布的综合型蚂蚁为主。结构异质性和森林管理有利于森林物种，但降低了总体丰富度、丰度和Simpson多样性。在人工林中，较高的树木和较老的林分与较少的广布物种相关，这表明蚂蚁组合的优势结构发生了变化。蚂蚁群落组成受森林类型、植被组成和树高的影响。这些发现表明，即使在一个世纪之后，松树人工林形成的不同蚂蚁组合也不能完全复制成熟森林的蚂蚁组合。我们强调保护现有原生森林的重要性，以及将动物群指标纳入成功恢复评估的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Growth, photosynthesis and biochemical responses of Juniperus excelsa seedlings to salicylic acid and silicon under salt stress 盐胁迫下杨柏幼苗生长、光合及生化对水杨酸和硅的响应

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123564

Cengiz Yucedag , Oliver Gailing

Soil salinity significantly inhibits plant growth and physiology by causing oxidative stress. This study explored the alleviating roles of salicylic acid and silicon in salt-induced reductions in growth, photosynthetic pigments and oxidative stress reactions of Juniperus excelsa seedlings. The study was carried out in an open-air shaded environment at the Research and Practice Facility of Çankırı Karatekin University. In early February 2023, a randomized complete block design was set up with three factorial treatments of NaCl (0, 40, 80 mM), salicylic acid (0, 0.5, 1, 2 mM), and silicon (0, 0.5, 1, 2 mM). A factorial ANOVA, principal component analysis and correlation heatmap were used to examine trait responses and stress-reduction strategies. Salinity inhibited the growth of J. excelsa seedlings in a dose-dependent manner with a particularly sensitive response of photosynthetic pigments and root biomass. Salicylic acid and silicon mitigated these negative effects through distinct yet functionally convergent mechanisms. By reducing oxidative damage and stabilizing pigments, SA improved biochemical resilience whereas S mainly strengthened structural traits such as shoot height and root length. Despite their positive effects under non-saline conditions, the protective efficacy of both treatments declined under severe salt stress. Given the study’s early growth-stage focus and methodological limitations, further field-based and molecular studies are required to optimize application strategies and validate long-term salinity resilience in J. excelsa.

土壤盐分通过引起氧化胁迫显著抑制植物生长和生理。本研究探讨了水杨酸和硅在盐胁迫下刺柏幼苗生长、光合色素和氧化应激反应降低中的缓解作用。这项研究是在Çankırı空手道金大学研究和实践设施的露天阴凉环境中进行的。在2023年2月初，建立了随机完全区组设计，采用NaCl（0、40、80 mM）、水杨酸（0、0.5、1、2 mM）和硅（0、0.5、1、2 mM）三因子处理。采用因子方差分析、主成分分析和相关热图来检验性状反应和减压策略。盐度对黄杨幼苗生长的抑制呈剂量依赖性，对光合色素和根系生物量的影响尤为敏感。水杨酸和硅通过不同但功能趋同的机制减轻了这些负面影响。SA通过减少氧化损伤和稳定色素来提高生化抗逆性，而S主要增强茎高和根长等结构性状。尽管在无盐条件下有积极作用，但在严重的盐胁迫下，两种处理的保护效果都有所下降。考虑到该研究的早期生长阶段和方法的局限性，需要进一步的现场和分子研究来优化应用策略，并验证J. excelsa的长期耐盐性。

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引用次数: 0

Slope aspect alleviates the response of soil protistan functional structure to the conversion of natural forests to chestnut plantations in subtropical forests 坡向缓解了亚热带天然林向栗树人工林转变过程中土壤原生生物功能结构的响应

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123559

Jianqing Wang , Wendi Geng , Ziyi Jiang , Francis Q. Brearley , Minhui Xu , Xiuzhen Shi

Land-use changes are altering the function and composition of soil microbial communities. However, the impacts of land-use change on the taxonomic structure and functional composition of soil protistan communities remain poorly understood in subtropical forests. This study investigates this knowledge gap by evaluating the consequences of natural forest conversion to chestnut (Castanea spp.) plantations on soil protistan communities, with particular attention paid to the role of slope aspect in subtropical forests. We found that converting natural forests to chestnut plantations resulted in a significant decline in the abundance and diversity of soil phototrophic protists by 38 % and 36 %, respectively. By contrast, this land-use change led to a marked increase in the abundance and diversity of soil parasitic protists by 97 % and 63 %, respectively. The conversion significantly reduced the ratio of consumer-to-parasite protists by 48 %, indicating a potential weakening of top-down control by consumer protists. Furthermore, the complexity of soil protistan co-occurrence networks was less in chestnut plantations than in natural forests in south-facing (sunny) slopes. In contrast, north-facing (shaded) slopes significantly amplified the positive influence of chestnut plantation conversion on the relative abundance and diversity of soil parasitic protists. Overall, the concurrent decline in phototrophs, increase in parasites, decline in the ratio of consumer-to-parasite protists, and simplified co-occurrence networks collectively suggest that converting natural forests to chestnut plantations compromised soil protistan functioning and ecosystem stability. Our study highlights the importance of incorporating slope aspect into plantation management strategies to monitor and moderate the shift towards functionally balanced soil protistan communities.

土地利用变化正在改变土壤微生物群落的功能和组成。然而，土地利用变化对亚热带森林土壤原生生物群落分类结构和功能组成的影响尚不清楚。本研究通过评估天然林转化为板栗人工林对土壤原生生物群落的影响来调查这一知识差距，并特别关注了亚热带森林中坡向的作用。结果表明，栗树人工林导致土壤光合原生生物的丰度和多样性分别下降了38% %和36% %。相比之下，这种土地利用变化导致土壤寄生原生生物的丰度和多样性分别显著增加97 %和63 %。这种转化显著降低了原生生物从消费者到寄生虫的比例，降低了48% %，表明消费者原生生物自上而下的控制可能减弱。此外，栗树人工林土壤原生生物共生网络的复杂性低于南向（阳坡）天然林。相反，朝北（遮荫）坡地显著放大了栗子林转换对土壤寄生原生生物相对丰度和多样性的正向影响。总体而言，光养生物数量的减少、寄生虫数量的增加、原生生物与寄生虫比例的下降以及共生网络的简化共同表明，将天然林转化为栗树人工林损害了土壤原生生物的功能和生态系统的稳定性。我们的研究强调了将坡向纳入人工林管理策略的重要性，以监测和调节向功能平衡的土壤原生群落的转变。

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引用次数: 0

Fecal DNA metabarcoding reveals spatial and temporal variation in the summer diets of moose (Alces alces) in north-central British Columbia 粪便DNA元条形码揭示了不列颠哥伦比亚省中北部驼鹿（Alces Alces）夏季饮食的时空变化

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123498

Andrew Dyck , Roy V. Rea , Maria Kuzmina

Moose (Alces alces) are a socially, culturally, and economically important species of large herbivore which inhabits areas throughout many parts of the timber harvesting land base in circumpolar regions of the world. Although the diets of moose vary spatially and seasonally, they predominantly consist of woody perennials such as Betula spp., Populus spp., Salix spp., and Abies spp. but also herbaceous and aquatic plants, that can all be impacted by forest management. Because moose diets vary across their range and seasonally, understanding their local diet composition is crucial for guiding land management decisions that may affect moose range quality and population dynamics. This study aimed to determine the vascular plant species composition in the diets of moose in selected locations of north-central British Columbia (BC), Canada, where moose populations have been declining and to examine how their diets varied geographically, annually (from one summer to the next), and within season (from early to late summer). During the summers of 2020, 2021, and 2022, moose fecal samples were collected from three areas in north-central BC known to be occupied in summer by moose and analyzed with DNA metabarcoding using a technique employing the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) to determine the plant species composition in the collected fecal samples. Frequencies of identified plants from 14 families and 18 genera were separately compared across space and time using Frequency of Occurrence, Relative Read Abundance, Pianka’s Niche Overlap Index, and two-sided Fisher’s exact tests. The diversity of plants in the diet was also compared. Most of the identified taxa fell into 5 families: Onagraceae, Betulaceae, Grossulariaceae, Rosaceae, and Ericaceae. Results indicated considerable variation in diet between geographical areas with low variation in diet between years and a need for increased sampling effort within early and late seasons. We encourage forest managers to incorporate our findings into forest management decision-making on moose summer ranges, particularly in areas where moose are an important management objective or where their numbers are declining.

驼鹿（Alces Alces）是一种社会、文化和经济上重要的大型食草动物，栖息在世界极地地区木材采伐基地的许多地区。虽然驼鹿的饮食因空间和季节而异，但它们主要由木本多年生植物组成，如桦树、杨树、柳树和冷杉，但也有草本和水生植物，这些都可能受到森林管理的影响。因为驼鹿的饮食因其分布范围和季节而异，了解当地的饮食构成对于指导土地管理决策至关重要，这可能会影响驼鹿的范围质量和种群动态。本研究旨在确定在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省（BC）中北部选定地点驼鹿饮食中的维管植物物种组成，那里的驼鹿数量一直在下降，并研究它们的饮食如何在地理上、每年（从一个夏天到下一个夏天）和季节内（从夏初到夏末）发生变化。在2020年、2021年和2022年夏季，在BC省中北部三个已知驼鹿夏季活动的地区收集了驼鹿粪便样本，并使用采用第二内部转录间隔段（ITS2）的DNA元条形码技术对收集的粪便样本进行了分析，以确定所收集的粪便样本中的植物物种组成。利用发生频率（Frequency）、相对读丰度（Relative Read Abundance）、Pianka’s生态位重叠指数（Niche Overlap Index）和双侧Fisher’s精确检验分别比较了14科18属植物的时空分布。还比较了日粮中植物的多样性。所鉴定的分类群主要分为5科：玉兰科、桦木科、木参科、蔷薇科和Ericaceae。结果表明，不同地理区域之间的饮食差异相当大，不同年份之间的饮食差异较小，需要在早季和晚季增加取样工作。我们鼓励森林管理者将我们的发现纳入驼鹿夏季活动范围的森林管理决策中，特别是在驼鹿是重要管理目标或其数量正在下降的地区。

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引用次数: 0