Forest Ecology and Management最新文献_第3页

Effects of logging residue on the growth and properties of the humus layer in Scots pine and Norway spruce stands

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122526

Harri Mäkinen , Aino Smolander

The utilisation of forest-based primary biomass as a source of renewable energy is becoming increasingly prevalent as a means of reducing the reliance on fossil fuels. However, there has been a growing concern about the potential impact of increased organic matter and nutrient removal on long-term forest productivity. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of logging residue removal on stand productivity and soil C and N levels in Finland. The material was collected from young Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands 20–21 years following the final felling, as well as from a pine experiment that was established in conjunction with an intermediate thinning 20 years ago. In the young stands after final felling, the treatments were whole-tree harvesting, stem-only harvesting, and stem-only harvesting with a double amount of logging residues left on the plots. In the middle-aged stand after thinning, the residue levels were 0, 10, 20, and 30 Mg ha⁻¹. In the young spruce stands, the removal of logging residue following the final felling resulted in a negative growth response, but the doubling of logging residue did not result in a further growth increase. In contrast, no treatment effects were observed in the growth of the Scots pine stands, both in the young stands after final felling and in the middle-aged stand after thinning. In the young stands after final felling, the logging residues had no significant impact on the amounts of humus layer C or N. In contrast, the logging residues increased the levels of both C and N in the humus layer of the middle-aged pine stand after thinning. It can be concluded that the removal of nutrients following the harvest of logging residue in final felling and thinning does not indicate significant issues with regard to the availability of nutrients, based on the data on tree growth.

{"title":"Effects of logging residue on the growth and properties of the humus layer in Scots pine and Norway spruce stands","authors":"Harri Mäkinen , Aino Smolander","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The utilisation of forest-based primary biomass as a source of renewable energy is becoming increasingly prevalent as a means of reducing the reliance on fossil fuels. However, there has been a growing concern about the potential impact of increased organic matter and nutrient removal on long-term forest productivity. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of logging residue removal on stand productivity and soil C and N levels in Finland. The material was collected from young Scots pine (<em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L.) and Norway spruce (<em>Picea abies</em> (L.) Karst.) stands 20–21 years following the final felling, as well as from a pine experiment that was established in conjunction with an intermediate thinning 20 years ago. In the young stands after final felling, the treatments were whole-tree harvesting, stem-only harvesting, and stem-only harvesting with a double amount of logging residues left on the plots. In the middle-aged stand after thinning, the residue levels were 0, 10, 20, and 30 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>. In the young spruce stands, the removal of logging residue following the final felling resulted in a negative growth response, but the doubling of logging residue did not result in a further growth increase. In contrast, no treatment effects were observed in the growth of the Scots pine stands, both in the young stands after final felling and in the middle-aged stand after thinning. In the young stands after final felling, the logging residues had no significant impact on the amounts of humus layer C or N. In contrast, the logging residues increased the levels of both C and N in the humus layer of the middle-aged pine stand after thinning. It can be concluded that the removal of nutrients following the harvest of logging residue in final felling and thinning does not indicate significant issues with regard to the availability of nutrients, based on the data on tree growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 122526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Warming-driven shifts in dominant tree species potentially reduce aboveground biomass in northeastern United States forests

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122536

Xinyuan Wei , Daniel J. Hayes , Aaron Weiskittel , Jianheng Zhao

Forest ecosystems play a critical role in the global carbon cycle. However, climate change may shift the geographic distribution of numerous tree species and alter the capacity of forest ecosystems to store carbon. The forests in the northeastern United States, characterized by their diverse tree species and complex structures, have experienced climatic changes in recent decades and are particularly vulnerable to these changes. Given that tree species vary in their carbon storage capacities, understanding how forest composition influences aboveground biomass (AGB) is crucial for assessing the impact of climate change on forest carbon storage. In this study, we synthesized plot-level forest inventory records (n = 27,858) to evaluate the influence of forest composition on AGB in the northeastern United States. Our results indicate that dominant tree species are the primary feature of forest composition most strongly correlated with AGB across all successional stages, exceeding the influence of species diversity and evenness. Projected climate warming in this region is likely to alter these dominant species. Although this shift may increase the abundance of hardwood species, which generally have higher wood density, the plot-level AGB is projected to decrease due to changes in forest structure introduced by the new dominant species. These findings highlight the important role of dominant tree species in determining forest biomass and suggest that warming-induced shifts in dominant species could reduce the carbon sequestration capacity of forests in the northeastern United States.

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引用次数: 0

Characterizing the Spectral-Temporal Signatures of Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga Canadensis) Using Sentinel-2 Satellite Images and Phenology Modelling

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2024.122399

Zhaoshu Shi 石照殊 , Ben DeVries , Chris J.K. MacQuarrie , Meghan Gray , Yu Zhao Ni , Faisal Moola

Hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) is an invasive insect that affects the eastern hemlock population in North America, causing severe die-off and altering ecosystem dynamics. Understanding the distribution of eastern hemlock will improve future HWA management and protection of existing eastern hemlock populations. To determine the degree to which different forest types and species can be distinguished at the stand level with variable densities of eastern hemlock present, a Bayesian phenology model was used to compute seven phenological parameters from four spectral indices derived from Sentinel-2 time series imagery. We tested spectral and phenological parameters derived using this method across three classification levels, including broad forest type, hemlock density, and dominant or co-dominant evergreen species. Using Kruskal-Wallis with post-hoc Dunn’s test, we found that phenological parameters derived from the Inverted Red-Edge Chlorophyll Index and the Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index provided the highest separability between groups across all three levels of classification. The seasonal minimum greenness and fall inflection day provided the highest degree of separability among hemlock density classes. Seasonal minimum greenness provided the highest degree of separability among evergreen species. Among the nine evergreen dominant or co-dominant species classes tested, hemlock stands were found to be separable from four of the classes. White pine stands and black spruce stands showed the highest degree of overall separability. This study demonstrates the potential for phenological parameters in stand-level evergreen species classification. The combination of Sentinel-2 time series and phenological modeling has the potential to enhance tree species mapping studies at regional scales.

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引用次数: 0

Forest corridors preserve biodiversity in tree plantation landscapes of the Southern Atlantic Forest: a multi-taxa approach using passive sampling methods

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122522

Elena Gangenova , Diego Varela , Juan P. Zurano , Facundo Di Sallo , Sebastián Costa , Carlos B. De Araujo , Gustavo A. Zurita

The extensive transformation of natural habitats into monoculture tree plantations implies the loss of suitable habitats for native species, negatively impacting biodiversity maintenance. Among the main landscape factors influencing the ecological potential of forestry landscapes to support native species, forest corridors are of central importance; however, assessments of their effectiveness across multiple taxa—especially among species with varied movement capacities—remain limited. To evaluate the role of corridors, in a heterogeneous forestry landscape in the Atlantic Forest of Argentina, we assessed species richness and composition of three taxonomic groups (anurans, birds and mammals) in tree plantations (pine and eucalypt) and forest (corridors and continuous), using technology-based biodiversity monitoring. Data from passive acoustic monitoring and camera trapping revealed a consistent pattern of species richness across taxa, with the highest richness in forest corridors, followed by continuous forests, pine plantations, and eucalypt plantations. For birds and mammals, a similar number of forest-dependent species were found in both continuous forests and forest corridors. In anurans and mammals, species composition changes between forest corridors and continuous forests were primarily driven by species replacement; while in birds, these changes were driven by differences in species richness. Across all taxa, forest corridors most closely resembled the community integrity of continuous forests. The species richness and composition patterns found for taxonomic groups with varying habitat requirements underscore the potential of forest corridors as a powerful and profitable conservation tool in forestry landscapes.

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引用次数: 0

Herbaceous competition does not affect positive tree diversity effects on seedling crown complementarity

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122529

Muhammad Abdullah , Li-Ting Zheng , Li Zhang , Bai-Yu Yang , Xiao-Chen Fang , Di-Feng Bao , Samreen Ghulam Rasool , Ci-Liang Zhao , En-Rong Yan

Naturally regenerated herbaceous species play a significant role in shaping community structure and stand dynamics, particularly through their interactions with tree seedlings in early-successional stands. The seedling and grass competition can affect seedling crown complementarity, a key canopy process that enhances the productivity of tree mixtures compared to monocultures by optimizing light capture and resource use. However, little is known about how their competition advantages shift from "grass to seedling" or "seedling—grass—seedling" or just grass. We conducted a four-year tree diversity experiment involving weeded versus unweeded treatments, with eight functionally divergent woody species comprised of 17 functional combinations. We examined how crown complementarity, crown volume, and stem basal area of tree seedlings varied between weeded and unweeded treatments along the gradients of tree species richness and functional diversity over time. Crown complementarity and crown volume of tree seedlings were positively affected by tree species richness and functional diversity, and the positive tree diversity effects on seedling crown complementarity strengthened over time under both weeded and unweeded treatments. On average, seedling crown complementarity was greater in unweeded than weeded treatments. Herbaceous plants increased crown volume but decreased stem basal area after three years, and the tree diversity effects on stem basal area were not significant in both weeded and unweeded treatments. Overall, herbaceous plants did not change the tree diversity effects on seedling crown complementarity, but mediated biomass allocation trade-offs between crown expansion and horizontal growth of stem in tree seedlings during the early stage of stand development. Our results suggest that herbaceous plants can boost seedling crown complementarity but their competitive effects are not large enough for affecting the positive tree diversity effects on seedling crown complementarity in the early stage of stand development. This study provides mechanistic insight into the role of herbaceous plants in shaping tree diversity effects on canopy processes and stand structures through resource competition during the early successional period of forest communities.

{"title":"Herbaceous competition does not affect positive tree diversity effects on seedling crown complementarity","authors":"Muhammad Abdullah , Li-Ting Zheng , Li Zhang , Bai-Yu Yang , Xiao-Chen Fang , Di-Feng Bao , Samreen Ghulam Rasool , Ci-Liang Zhao , En-Rong Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Naturally regenerated herbaceous species play a significant role in shaping community structure and stand dynamics, particularly through their interactions with tree seedlings in early-successional stands. The seedling and grass competition can affect seedling crown complementarity, a key canopy process that enhances the productivity of tree mixtures compared to monocultures by optimizing light capture and resource use. However, little is known about how their competition advantages shift from \"grass to seedling\" or \"seedling—grass—seedling\" or just grass. We conducted a four-year tree diversity experiment involving weeded versus unweeded treatments, with eight functionally divergent woody species comprised of 17 functional combinations. We examined how crown complementarity, crown volume, and stem basal area of tree seedlings varied between weeded and unweeded treatments along the gradients of tree species richness and functional diversity over time. Crown complementarity and crown volume of tree seedlings were positively affected by tree species richness and functional diversity, and the positive tree diversity effects on seedling crown complementarity strengthened over time under both weeded and unweeded treatments. On average, seedling crown complementarity was greater in unweeded than weeded treatments. Herbaceous plants increased crown volume but decreased stem basal area after three years, and the tree diversity effects on stem basal area were not significant in both weeded and unweeded treatments. Overall, herbaceous plants did not change the tree diversity effects on seedling crown complementarity, but mediated biomass allocation trade-offs between crown expansion and horizontal growth of stem in tree seedlings during the early stage of stand development. Our results suggest that herbaceous plants can boost seedling crown complementarity but their competitive effects are not large enough for affecting the positive tree diversity effects on seedling crown complementarity in the early stage of stand development. This study provides mechanistic insight into the role of herbaceous plants in shaping tree diversity effects on canopy processes and stand structures through resource competition during the early successional period of forest communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 122529"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nitrogen addition alters nutrient allocation and functional traits of early spring herbaceous plants in a temperate forest

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122544

Guancheng Liu , Hui Wang , Guoyong Yan , Qinggui Wang , Yajuan Xing

Early spring herbaceous plants play a crucial role in nutrient cycling within temperate forest ecosystems, however, whose response of nutrient absorption and allocation strategies to increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition remains unclear. Based on this, we conducted a 15-year N addition field experiment with three different N treatments (0, 2.5, 5.0 g N m² yr⁻¹). We studied the effects of N addition on leaf and fine root functional traits, and allocation strategies, in seven dominant early spring herbaceous plants within a natural secondary forest. The results showed that (1) After N addition, the aboveground organs of early spring herbaceous plants exhibited a "rapid response" strategy, reducing leaf expansion, which lowered specific leaf area (SLA) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) (2) The belowground organs displayed a conservative strategy, characterized by an increase in specific root length and root tissue density, while root diameter decreased. This suggests that early spring plants can enhance nutrient and water uptake capabilities by expanding root traits in high-nutrient environments. (3) Under high N conditions, early spring herbaceous plants tended to allocate more resources to aboveground organs to cope with competitive pressure, allowing them to occupy ecological niches more rapidly. (4) Early spring herbaceous plants responded to N addition through a mechanism of "leaf dominance with root trait regulation", altering photosynthetic efficiency to influence plant growth. However, this shift also exacerbates phosphorus limitation, which may become a critical factor limiting future growth. Overall, N addition drove a rapid resource utilization strategy in early spring herbaceous plants within nutrient-rich environments, highlighting their ecological adaptability in the context of global environmental change.

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引用次数: 0

Predicting species-specific diameter growth rate for Caribbean trees using mixed-effects extreme gradient boosting

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122520

Sheng-I Yang , Thomas J. Brandeis , Eileen H. Helmer , Humfredo Marcano-Vega

Caribbean islands encompass diverse forest ecosystems which provide valuable ecosystem services to their inhabitants. Currently, researchers rely on global generic or broad regional models or default values to predict tree species growth rates, which, in some cases, have been developed in temperate forests. The ability to understand the factors influencing the growth rates of Caribbean forest ecosystems, including both native and non-native species, has implications for projecting changes in and managing these forests under climate change scenarios. The objective of this study was to predict species-specific diameter growth rates for Caribbean trees with mixed-effects extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), which is a hybrid approach combining a mixed model and a machine learning algorithm. The predictability of the models with and without the inclusion of climatic and environmental variables as predictors was examined. Long-term data collected by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands were used in analyses.

Results show that mixed-effects XGBoost is advantageous for providing species-specific predictions from both fixed and random effects, as well as capturing the remaining variability from XGBoost. Models produced more accurate predictions of growth rate for forests in the U.S. Virgin Islands than Puerto Rican forests. Among 30 variables examined, average diameter at breast height, average total tree height, average height-diameter ratio and average competition index play the most important roles for both islands. Adding topography- and climate-related variables can improve the prediction accuracy of annual diameter increment. This work will serve as a working example to demonstrate the application of the methodology to continuously monitor forest resources for the vulnerable ecosystems in Caribbean as well as other mixed-species forests.

{"title":"Predicting species-specific diameter growth rate for Caribbean trees using mixed-effects extreme gradient boosting","authors":"Sheng-I Yang , Thomas J. Brandeis , Eileen H. Helmer , Humfredo Marcano-Vega","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Caribbean islands encompass diverse forest ecosystems which provide valuable ecosystem services to their inhabitants. Currently, researchers rely on global generic or broad regional models or default values to predict tree species growth rates, which, in some cases, have been developed in temperate forests. The ability to understand the factors influencing the growth rates of Caribbean forest ecosystems, including both native and non-native species, has implications for projecting changes in and managing these forests under climate change scenarios. The objective of this study was to predict species-specific diameter growth rates for Caribbean trees with mixed-effects extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), which is a hybrid approach combining a mixed model and a machine learning algorithm. The predictability of the models with and without the inclusion of climatic and environmental variables as predictors was examined. Long-term data collected by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands were used in analyses.</div><div>Results show that mixed-effects XGBoost is advantageous for providing species-specific predictions from both fixed and random effects, as well as capturing the remaining variability from XGBoost. Models produced more accurate predictions of growth rate for forests in the U.S. Virgin Islands than Puerto Rican forests. Among 30 variables examined, average diameter at breast height, average total tree height, average height-diameter ratio and average competition index play the most important roles for both islands. Adding topography- and climate-related variables can improve the prediction accuracy of annual diameter increment. This work will serve as a working example to demonstrate the application of the methodology to continuously monitor forest resources for the vulnerable ecosystems in Caribbean as well as other mixed-species forests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 122520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prescribed fire, managed burning, and previous wildfires reduce the severity of a southwestern US gigafire

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122540

Gavin M. Jones , Alexander Spannuth , Angela Chongpinitchai , Matthew D. Hurteau

In many parts of the western United States, wildfires are becoming larger and more severe, threatening the persistence of forest ecosystems. Understanding the ways in which management activities such as prescribed fire and managed wildfire can mitigate fire severity is essential for developing effective forest conservation strategies. We evaluated the effects of previous fuels reduction treatments, including prescribed fire and wildfire managed for resource benefit, and other wildfires on the burn severity of the 2022 Black Fire in southwestern New Mexico, USA. The Black Fire burned over 131,000 ha in mostly low- to middle-elevation ponderosa pine and mixed conifer forests, but burned only ∼4 % at high-severity, leading us to question what factors led to this fire burning in such an ecologically beneficial way and aligning with the natural range of variation in terms of burn severity for this region. In a landscape scale analysis, we found that areas that experienced more prescribed fire, wildfire managed for resource benefit, and wildfire (hereafter ‘treated area’) best explained patterns of burn severity in the 2022 Black Fire, outweighing the importance of fire weather and vegetation factors. A fully treated area experienced 51 % less high severity fire than an untreated area, on average, across the Black fire landscape. In a fine-scale fire progression analysis, we found that high-severity fire that encountered a previously treated area experienced a 21–55 % decrease in burn severity within 250 m of the treated area boundary. In sum, we found that previous treatments and wildfires that occurred within the Black fire perimeter were highly effective in influencing patterns of burn severity and appear to be the reason why the Black fire was restorative, and not catastrophic. Our results suggest that the severity of other large fire events can be reduced by increasing the pace and scale of treatment activities within low- and middle-elevation pine and mixed conifer forest landscapes.

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引用次数: 0

Soil nutrients and season drive fine root traits, soil microbial community and their interaction in a Pinus koraiensis seed orchard

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122503

Shuxia Jia , Fanrui Meng , Xingpeng Li

Fine root biomass, morphology, and soil microbial biomass were examined in a Pinus koraiensis orchard under four fertilization levels (0, 0.75, 1.25, 2.0 kg compound fertilizer per tree representing control, low-, moderate- and high-level) across three seasons. Fertilization increased soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents, enhanced soil cation exchange capacity, and reduced soil pH from 5.56 to 4.80. Accompanied by the significant shifts in fine root traits and soil microbial community. Fertilization increased specific root length (SRL: 57–77 %) and specific root area (SRA: 30–39 %) across growing season. High-level fertilization reduced soil total microbial (17–27 %) and bacterial PLFAs (21–22 %) in July and September. High- and moderate-level fertilization decreased soil fungal PLFAs (20–26 %) in July. Moderate-level fertilization increased the fungi to bacteria ratio (F:B) by 34 % (May), 16 % (July), and 17 % (September). Fine root biomass negatively correlated with F:B, soil total microbial, bacterial, and fungal biomass. F:B was negatively related to fine root diameter, positively associated with SRL and SRA. Taking the response of fine root traits, soil microbial assembly, soil properties to fertilization together, moderate-level fertilization (1.25 kg per tree) may represent a threshold rate, optimizing nutrient availability while maintaining microbial balance. Seasonal variations further revealed that fine roots shifted from acquisitive strategies in spring and summer to conservative strategies in autumn, impacting soil microbial community composition. Our findings highlight the interconnected responses of fine roots and soil microorganisms to fertilization and seasonal dynamics, providing insights for sustainable forest management.

{"title":"Soil nutrients and season drive fine root traits, soil microbial community and their interaction in a Pinus koraiensis seed orchard","authors":"Shuxia Jia , Fanrui Meng , Xingpeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fine root biomass, morphology, and soil microbial biomass were examined in a <em>Pinus koraiensis</em> orchard under four fertilization levels (0, 0.75, 1.25, 2.0 kg compound fertilizer per tree representing control, low-, moderate- and high-level) across three seasons. Fertilization increased soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents, enhanced soil cation exchange capacity, and reduced soil pH from 5.56 to 4.80. Accompanied by the significant shifts in fine root traits and soil microbial community. Fertilization increased specific root length (SRL: 57–77 %) and specific root area (SRA: 30–39 %) across growing season. High-level fertilization reduced soil total microbial (17–27 %) and bacterial PLFAs (21–22 %) in July and September. High- and moderate-level fertilization decreased soil fungal PLFAs (20–26 %) in July. Moderate-level fertilization increased the fungi to bacteria ratio (F:B) by 34 % (May), 16 % (July), and 17 % (September). Fine root biomass negatively correlated with F:B, soil total microbial, bacterial, and fungal biomass. F:B was negatively related to fine root diameter, positively associated with SRL and SRA. Taking the response of fine root traits, soil microbial assembly, soil properties to fertilization together, moderate-level fertilization (1.25 kg per tree) may represent a threshold rate, optimizing nutrient availability while maintaining microbial balance. Seasonal variations further revealed that fine roots shifted from acquisitive strategies in spring and summer to conservative strategies in autumn, impacting soil microbial community composition. Our findings highlight the interconnected responses of fine roots and soil microorganisms to fertilization and seasonal dynamics, providing insights for sustainable forest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 122503"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soil available phosphorus and pH regulate the distribution of Juniperus przewalskii forest understory plant community diversity along an elevation gradient

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY

Forest Ecology and Management

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122524

Zhenjie Dong , Qinghong Geng , Kun Wei , Lin Hou

Plant diversity is crucial to forest ecosystem services. The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau has a rich variety of plants and high-elevation endemic species. However, variation in shrub and herb diversity along the elevational gradient in this region remains unclear. We recorded plant communities at 100-m intervals from 3000 to 3800 m asl., examining species composition, diversity, and the factors influencing plant communities. We found 128 plant species in 79 genera and 30 families in the Juniperus przewalskii community, including 110 species of herbs in 71 genera and 27 families, and 18 species of shrubs in 9 genera and 6 families. Distribution patterns of shrub and herb diversity differed. Shrub species richness was stable below 3400 m asl. and decreased linearly from 3400–3600 m asl. Herb richness increased from 3000 to 3400 m asl., with no significant change above 3400 m asl. The Jaccard index (C_j) and Sorenson index (C_s) of the β-diversity in the shrub peaked at 3400–3500 m asl. The Whittaker index (β_w) and Cody index (β_c) in the shrub and herb showed double hump shaped curve. The results indicate that 3400 m asl. is more suitable for a wide range of species, and the highest species turnover rate was at 3300–3400 m asl. Further, shrub α-diversity was positively correlated with available phosphorus, while herb α-diversity was negatively affected by soil pH. These findings broaden our understanding of the distribution of plant communities along elevation gradients and highlight the complexity of plant diversity in forest ecosystems.

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引用次数: 0