Forest Ecology and Management最新文献

{"title":"Testing the validity of a chronosequence: Breeding bird diversity and abundance in regenerating oak-hardwood shelterwoods","authors":"Marsh Hlavka,&nbsp;Marlyse Duguid,&nbsp;Mark Ashton","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The characteristic shrubland of regenerating temperate mixed hardwood forests provide habitat for many early successional specialist species. The irregular shelterwood is a silvicultural method for regenerating a forest that promotes young complex shrubland landscapes for a period of 15–25 years. In this study, we surveyed bird diversity across an irregular shelterwood chronosequence of a southern New England oak-mixed hardwood forest. We measured the variation in diversity across a chronosequence comprising 31 stands and 30 years of growth as of 2022, with particular focus on nesting guilds. Secondly, we conducted a longitudinal analysis of bird diversity in each stand over a period of 16 years to assess the reliability of the shelterwood chronosequence as a within-year proxy for long-term study. Similar to many prior studies, we found that overall diversity and bird abundance decrease as the regenerating shelterwood ages. Over a 30-year period after harvest, Shannon diversity decreased by over 10 %, species richness decreased by over 20 %, and relative abundance decreased by 50 %. Shrub-nesting birds are particularly sensitive to the loss of young regenerating and shrubland habitat and decrease sharply in abundance as a forest ages, from 51 % of the population to 12 % after 30 years. Ground-nesting birds increase in abundance with young regenerating forests and tree-nesting birds are unaffected by stand age, from 8 % to 40 % over 30 years. However, most importantly, we show these trends occurred both longitudinally and within a single year, indicating that the use of a chronosequence is an effective method of measuring trends in bird abundance and diversity over a period of forest regeneration. This is the first study demonstrating the validity of this method for estimating breeding birds in temperate forests and allows for a more widespread application of its use, particularly where long-term monitoring has not been done.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 123536"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145986698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon stock models for early post-fire reforestation efforts in the southwestern US","authors":"Christopher Marsh ,&nbsp;Matthew D. Hurteau ,&nbsp;Owen Burney","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Changing climate and high-severity wildfire are causing widespread tree mortality across the southwestern United States, significantly reducing the seed source availability to support post-fire regeneration of forest and woodland. This presents a challenge to both forest regeneration, and the potential contribution of disturbed areas to carbon storage. Planting tree seedlings can accelerate reforestation and rates of carbon sequestration, but in the semi-arid southwestern US, the carbon storage potential of reforestation efforts is uncertain due to limited information on seedling growth and survival rates. We surveyed eight post-wildfire reforestation sites and developed allometric equations to predict carbon sequestration as a function of directly measured seedling size, and indirectly using years since planting and current and future climate scenarios. Our findings highlight the critical role of seedling survival in the first few years after planting, which dramatically alters carbon stock trajectories. Future climate conditions, characterized by higher temperatures at low-elevation sites, may hinder reforestation efforts and reduce the carbon storage potential of these areas. Given our findings, we recommend climate-informed planting strategies in post-wildfire areas, including adjusting planting densities to maximize carbon stock accumulation while ensuring future wildfire resiliency. This research offers practical insights for forest managers aiming to improve reforestation outcomes, particularly as we face the challenges of a changing climate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 123507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil pH and alkaline phosphatase-harboring microorganisms closely link to available phosphorus dynamics of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations","authors":"Song Wang ,&nbsp;Honggang Sun ,&nbsp;Gongxiu He","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil microorganisms play a pivotal role in regulating plant productivity and biogeochemical processes in forest ecosystems. Here, we investigated shifts in soil microbial community, chemical properties, and extracellular enzyme activities across a chronosequence of <em>Cunninghamia lanceolata</em> plantations aged 5–60 years. Our findings demonstrated that the Shannon diversity indices of both bacteria and fungi, along with the abundances of bacteria and fungi exhibited age-associated fluctuations. Fungal community composition exhibited differences between young with half-mature stages (5–20 years) and near-mature with mature stages (25–35 years), while that of bacteria displayed differences between young with half-mature stages (5–20 years) and overmature stages (41–60 years). Specifically, young and over-mature forests promoted oligotrophic and pathogenic taxa (i.e. class of <em>Ustilaginomycetes</em> and <em>Dothideomycetes,</em> and <em>Chloroflexi</em> phylum), while middle-aged stands enriched copiotrophic groups (i.e. phylum of <em>Mortierellomycota</em> and <em>Rozellomycota</em>). Except for soil pH, total nitrogen, and acid phosphatase, the variation ranges of soil nutrients and enzyme activities exceeded 50 % between the forest ages of 5 and 60 years. Soil factors including total phosphorus, pH, dissolved organic carbon, and NO₃^--N jointly explained 23.50 % and 17.52 % of the variations in bacterial and fungal communities, respectively. In addition, microbial network complexity and bacterial Shannon index exhibited a close relationship with soil available nitrogen and pH, respectively. The proposed mechanism suggests that the fluctuations in NH₄⁺-N content driven by forest aging negatively influences soil pH, which subsequently lowers bacterial Shannon index and abundances of microorganisms secreting alkaline phosphatase, thereby reducing the availability of available phosphorus. Notably, natural understory colonization by broad-leaved trees shifted microbial communities to resemble those of 15-year-younger plantations, and their microbial community changes were closely related to dissolved organic carbon and <em>Ascomycota</em> phylum. Overall, our findings highlight stage-specific patterns in soil microbial diversity, abundance, and composition, which mediate nutrient transformations through distinct biogeochemical pathways in <em>Cunninghamia lanceolata</em> plantations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 123530"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How artificial drought generated by the Balbina hydropower dam has transformed the floristic structure of downstream floodplain forests","authors":"Carla Iara Dos Santos Dantas ,&nbsp;Layon Oreste Demarchi ,&nbsp;Florian Wittmann ,&nbsp;Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade ,&nbsp;Giuliette Barbosa Mano ,&nbsp;João Paulo Martins de Souza ,&nbsp;Jochen Schöngart","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The central Amazon basin has been affected by the two lowest water levels on instrumental records in 2023/2024, inducing severe hydrological droughts affecting human populations and floodplain ecosystems. However, the impacts of severe droughts on Amazonian floodplains are poorly studied. Here we investigate the extent of an artificial drought in the blackwater floodplains (igapó) downstream of the Balbina dam, caused by the damming of the Uatumã River to fill the reservoir in the period 1987–1989. Our hypothesis is that the severe prolonged hydrological drought conditions killed the igapó forests downstream the dam. Therefore, we established at regular fluvial distance of 10 ± 1 km a plot along the main course of the Uatumã River to analyze changes in floristic composition, diversity, structure and biomass of the igapó forests downstream of the Balbina dam. In 15 plots (total area 3,75 ha) a total of 2559 trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 10 cm were inventoried, identified, and allometric equations were applied to estimate aboveground biomass. Based on floristic dissimilarity, a non-metric multidimensional scaling suggests two plot clusters, separated by the fluvial distance of about 120 km downstream of the dam. While the plot cluster close to the dam is characterized by a high abundance of resprouting trees and biomass of disturbance-indicator species, plot cluster 2 presents a higher species richness and basal area and is dominated by late-successional species. We discuss these findings in the background of increased frequency and magnitude of severe droughts in recent years and the planned hydropower plants which are threats for this ecosystems harboring an unique biodiversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 123496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and heat-tolerance traits are associated with progression and impact of, but not vulnerability to, tree decline","authors":"Sabina M. Aitken ,&nbsp;Pieter A. Arnold ,&nbsp;Matthew T. Brookhouse ,&nbsp;Alicia M. Cook ,&nbsp;Lisa M. Danzey ,&nbsp;Rosalie J. Harris ,&nbsp;Andy Leigh ,&nbsp;Adrienne B. Nicotra","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Warming and drying climate trends have been linked to tree-dieback phenomena worldwide with broad-reaching impacts on ecosystem services. Studying tree decline is unavoidably a retrospective exercise in which a challenge lies in determining whether trait values contribute to, or are consequences of, decline. Here we used sub-alpine snow gum (<em>Eucalyptus pauciflora</em> ssp. <em>niphophila</em>) to test whether plant traits explain vulnerability of individual trees to decline, assess how progression of dieback symptoms affect traits and physiological tolerance, and ask whether those responses could exacerbate decline. Snow gum woodlands are in widespread decline reflecting the compounding effects of climate warming and drought, and infestation by the wood-boring cerambycid, <em>Phoracantha mastersi</em>. While the impact of drought on tree mortality is well documented, we considered the potential role of heat stress, given exposure of high-elevation forests to increasing temperature. We measured changes in leaf and stem morphology, and stomatal anatomy across orthogonal dieback severity and elevation gradients. Trees showing severe dieback exhibited trait values indicating water stress, while less severely- and un-affected trees did not differ. This suggests observed differences are responses to stress caused by the impacts of wood-borer infestation and provide no evidence of underlying differences in vulnerability. We also modelled the viability of photosynthetic machinery in leaves under current and future climate scenarios; models indicated that leaves on severely-affected trees were likely to accumulate lethal damage to photosystems within a growing season. Even under the current thermal regime, dieback affected trees have lower capacity to tolerate compounded extreme events, contributing to a feedback cycle of decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 123523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying post-fire live tree presence and spatial variation using Sentinel-2 time series","authors":"Saba J. Saberi ,&nbsp;Phillip J. van Mantgem ,&nbsp;Micah C. Wright ,&nbsp;Christopher Y.S. Wong ,&nbsp;Andrew M. Latimer ,&nbsp;Derek J.N. Young","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate mapping of post-fire surviving trees is important for tracking forest recovery and prioritizing land management decisions. Satellite-based remote sensing is an effective method to assess post-fire forest conditions. Traditionally, differenced satellite-derived burn severity indices are computed by differencing one year pre- and post-fire spectral reflectance values. Differenced burn severity indices are useful for quantifying and mapping the magnitude of ecological change, but their application to detecting and mapping post-fire live trees may not be as appropriate, particularly for delayed tree mortality. Delayed tree mortality (“delayed mortality”) is a phenomenon where trees that initially survive fire then die over an extended period (between one and five years), and it can be challenging to measure and predict. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of mapping delayed mortality using readily available remotely sensed imagery alone. We used random forest models to detect post-fire live trees using 10-m resolution Sentinel-2 data at one-, three-, and five-years post-fire for four fires in the southern Sierra Nevada, California, USA. Using imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP; 60-cm resolution), we manually classified live tree presence in 6000 Sentinel-2 pixels (500 pixels for each fire-year combination) to calibrate and validate models. Sentinel-2 based model accuracies ranged from 65 % to 86 % with F-scores ranging from 0.52 to 0.86, and their predictions of live pixel area were on average 44 % lower than inferred from more traditional indices such as relative differenced normalized burn ratio (RdNBR). This work represents a promising first step in using freely available post-fire spectral reflectance imagery to detect live trees over an extended period to support post-fire management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 123461"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine root vitality decline results in reduced branch formation in mature beech stands after drought","authors":"Alexandra Koller ,&nbsp;Alina Azekenova ,&nbsp;Karl-Heinz Feger ,&nbsp;Karsten Kalbitz ,&nbsp;Goddert von Oheimb","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is deteriorating the health, growth and thus functioning and services of forests through ongoing droughts and an increase in the severity of these effects is predicted. Although fine roots can serve as an early indicator of drought stress, we still lack a basic understanding of how tree fine root vitality is reflected in aboveground tree morphology. Our study uses multitemporal fine root data obtained by sequential coring, as well as high-resolution tree crown data obtained by terrestrial laser scanning in mature European beech (<em>Fagus sylvatica</em>) stands. First, we assessed which fine root vitality traits are affected by drought, and second, evaluated the relationship between fine root vitality and crown vitality including trees within three different radial distances (5, 8 or 10 m) from the fine root sampling point. We found that fine root necromass, fine root biomass to necromass ratio and turnover were correlated with drought. Mainly fine roots in the upper 10 cm of soil affected the crown vitality of beech trees within a 5-m radius of the fine root sampling point, highlighting the tree-centred horizontal distribution of fine roots and shallow rooting pattern of beech. A decreased fine root vitality in the upper soil in the previous growing seasons led to decreased crown vitality. Including fine root inventories in forest monitoring protocols could substantially improve our understanding of the status and trends of forests and enable forest management to deal more effectively with the growing pressure on forests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 123506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"As forests reclaim the land: Latitudinal variations in carbon-biodiversity trade-offs under natural forest expansion in Italy","authors":"Lorenzo Orzan ,&nbsp;Antonio Tomao ,&nbsp;Gabriele Antoniella ,&nbsp;Gianmaria Bonari ,&nbsp;Valentino Casolo ,&nbsp;Tommaso Chiti ,&nbsp;Paolo Cingano ,&nbsp;Alessandro Foscari ,&nbsp;Guido Incerti ,&nbsp;Speranza Claudia Panico ,&nbsp;Natalie Piazza ,&nbsp;Giacomo Trotta ,&nbsp;Giorgio Alberti","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spontaneous forest expansion following land abandonment can play a key role in achieving European targets for climate-change mitigation and biodiversity conservation. Understanding how biodiversity relates to carbon (C) stocks across successional stages can inform management strategies that simultaneously promote species diversity and C sequestration, thereby optimizing land use for ecosystem multifunctionality. We analysed 16 chronosequences spanning five successional stages, from meadows and pastures to mature forests (up to ∼75 years since abandonment), organized into four clusters along a latitudinal gradient in Italy, encompassing the Alpine, Continental, and Mediterranean biogeographical regions. We quantified vegetation, deadwood, and soil C pools and calculated diversity indices for herbaceous plant species. Linear and generalized linear mixed models were used to assess successional stage and site effects on C stocks and diversity indices. Total ecosystem C increased along succession, driven primarily by tree biomass, reaching 195–289 Mg C ha⁻¹ in late-successional forests. Soil C showed no clear successional trend, with weak or site-specific patterns. Herbaceous species richness and diversity peaked in managed meadows/pastures and early encroachment stages but declined towards closed-canopy forests in three sites. By contrast, a U-shaped pattern emerged in the southernmost site. Consequently, the C–diversity relationship was predominantly negative, except for the non-linear response observed in the Mediterranean site. Overall, spontaneous reforestation promotes C storage but often reduce herbaceous plant diversity, revealing potential trade-offs between climate mitigation and plant diversity. However, under favourable environmental conditions, partial recovery of plant diversity in late-successional forests may occur, suggesting for win-win management policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 123527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Native species seedlings in forest restoration in the Southern Amazon rapidly increase soil carbon stocks” [For. Ecol. Manage. 603 (2026) 123467]","authors":"Alexandre Ferreira do Nascimento ,&nbsp;Ingo Isernhagen ,&nbsp;Jorge Lulu ,&nbsp;Antonio Okada ,&nbsp;Jussane Antunes Fogaça dos Santos ,&nbsp;Austeclínio Lopes de Farias Neto","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123526","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 123526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective long-term effects of halo thinning: Ground-cover vegetation diversity 20 years after remnant oak release","authors":"Agnese Anta Liepiņa,&nbsp;Diāna Jansone,&nbsp;Didzis Elferts,&nbsp;Jānis Donis,&nbsp;Zane Lībiete","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating biodiversity objectives into production forestry requires management practices that maintain structural and functional diversity over time. In hemiboreal regions, historical favouring of conifers has simplified forest composition, reducing broadleaved components crucial to understorey diversity. Selective canopy release through halo thinning has been proposed as a multifunctional approach to enhance habitat heterogeneity, yet its long-term ecological outcomes remain insufficiently quantified. This study retrospectively assessed canopy light conditions and forest ground-cover vegetation around halo-thinned pedunculate oak (<em>Quercus robur</em> L.) trees twenty years after the intervention in mixed hemiboreal forests of Latvia. Vegetation surveys and hemispherical canopy photography were conducted in the vicinity of 22 halo-thinned and 21 control oak trees across eight forest stands. Ground-cover vegetation structure beneath remnant oak trees was broadly comparable between managed and control plots, with no persistent differences in cover, richness, or diversity. Species associated with oak-dominated habitats likewise showed limited responses, indicating that targeted oak release alone was insufficient to recreate conditions characteristic of broadleaved forests. Notably, herb-layer richness showed no consistent relationship with stand basal area or gap fraction but was strongly associated with fine-scale canopy architecture, emphasising that foliage distribution, rather than overall stand openness, shaped long-term understorey responses. Overall, the findings suggest that small-scale halo thinning alone is unlikely to induce persistent shifts in understorey composition, but it may help maintain structural heterogeneity around remnant oaks. When integrated with broader or repeated interventions, halo thinning may contribute to multipurpose forestry strategies that reconcile oak conservation with production-oriented forest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 123522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}