Food Science and Human Wellness最新文献_第6页

Enhanced protective effect of selenium-biofortified peptide RYNA(Se)MNDYT compared with its native peptide RYNAMNDYT in lipopolysaccharide-injured murine gut microbiota 与原生肽 RYNAMNDYT 相比，硒生物强化肽 RYNA(Se)MNDYT 对 LPS 损伤的小鼠肠道微生物群具有更强的保护作用

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Science and Human Wellness

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250024

Shujian Wu , Zhenjun Zhu , Mengfei Chen , Aohuan Huang , Yizhen Xie , Jiaming Chen , Liang Xue , Moutong Chen , Jumei Zhang , Juan Wang , Qingping Wu , Yu Ding

Selenopeptides may be a valuable bioactive compound to promote gut microbiota-targeted therapeutic methods for intestinal disease and hepatopathy. However, limited information is available on the utilization of selenopeptides by gut microbiota, especially Selenium (Se) function. For this purpose, the present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of selenopeptide (RYNA(Se)MNDYT, Se-P2, purity of ≥ 95 %) and its original peptide (RYNAMNDYT, P2, purity of ≥ 95 %) in vivo by the microbiota-metabolite axis and further analyze the potential contribution of Se biofortification to Se-P2 bioactivity. The results showed that Se-P2 exhibits a higher protective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation than P2, including pathology of the colon and liver, which suggested that the bioactivity of P2 was promoted by the organic combination of Se. Notably, gut microbiota composition tended to be a healthy structure by Se-P2 pretreatment in LPS-injured mice, which had a positive effect on LPS-induced gut microbiota dysbacteriosis. Additionally, only Se-P2 promoted an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Alistipes, and Roseburia and a decrease in the relative abundance of Akkermansia, Erysipelatoclostridium, and Bacteroides in LPS-injured mice. The changes in gut microbiota were obviously correlated with the changes in metabolites and affected the metabolic pathways of valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism. This may be one of the key reasons for Se-P2 to exert bioactivity through the microbiota-metabolite axis. Furthermore, Se-biofortification in Se-enriched Cordyceps militaris affected the parental proteins of Se-P2 to modulate mitogen-activated protein kinase, GPI anchored protein, and carbohydrate metabolism, translation, folding, sorting and degradation, which may contribute to the bioactivity of Se-P2. Our study provides information on the effect of Se on selenopeptides in vivo, which further promotes the prospective applications of selenopeptides as dietary supplements.

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引用次数: 0

Virtual screening and directional preparation of xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptides derived from hemp seed protein 从大麻籽蛋白中虚拟筛选和定向制备黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制肽

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Science and Human Wellness

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250047

Xiaoni Huang , Jiajun Liao , Ping Shi, Xiaodong Pei, Chenghua Wang

The traditional nutritional and medical hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed protein were explored for the discovery and directional preparation of new xanthine oxidase inhibitory (XOI) peptides by structure-based virtual screening, compound synthesis, in vitro bioassay and proteolysis. Six subtypes of hemp seed edestin and albumin were in silico hydrolyzed by 29 proteases, and 192 encrypted bioactive peptides were screened out. Six peptides showed to be XOI peptides, of which four (about 67 %) were released by elastase hydrolysis. The peptide DDNPRRFY displayed the highest XOI activity (IC₅₀ = (2.10 ± 0.06) mg/mL), acting as a mixed inhibitor. The pancreatic elastase directionally prepared XOI hemp seed protein hydrolysates, from which 6 high-abundance XOI peptides encrypted 3 virtually-screened ones including the DDNPRRFY. The novel outstanding hemp seed protein-derived XOI peptides and their virtual screening and directed preparation methods provide a promising and applicable approach to conveniently and efficiently explore food-derived bioactive peptides.

{"title":"Virtual screening and directional preparation of xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptides derived from hemp seed protein","authors":"Xiaoni Huang , Jiajun Liao , Ping Shi, Xiaodong Pei, Chenghua Wang","doi":"10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250047","DOIUrl":"10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The traditional nutritional and medical hemp (<em>Cannabis sativa</em> L.) seed protein were explored for the discovery and directional preparation of new xanthine oxidase inhibitory (XOI) peptides by structure-based virtual screening, compound synthesis, <em>in vitro</em> bioassay and proteolysis. Six subtypes of hemp seed edestin and albumin were <em>in silico</em> hydrolyzed by 29 proteases, and 192 encrypted bioactive peptides were screened out. Six peptides showed to be XOI peptides, of which four (about 67 %) were released by elastase hydrolysis. The peptide DDNPRRFY displayed the highest XOI activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = (2.10 ± 0.06) mg/mL), acting as a mixed inhibitor. The pancreatic elastase directionally prepared XOI hemp seed protein hydrolysates, from which 6 high-abundance XOI peptides encrypted 3 virtually-screened ones including the DDNPRRFY. The novel outstanding hemp seed protein-derived XOI peptides and their virtual screening and directed preparation methods provide a promising and applicable approach to conveniently and efficiently explore food-derived bioactive peptides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12406,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Human Wellness","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 3652-3660"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140465375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56 inhibits lipid accumulation in adipocytes by promoting lipolysis 副酸乳杆菌 K56 通过促进脂肪分解抑制脂肪细胞中的脂质积累

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Science and Human Wellness

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250034

Silu Wang , Jinxing Li , Wei-Hsien Liu , Niya Li , Huijing Liang , Weilian Hung , Qiuyue Jiang , Ruyue Cheng , Xi Shen , Fang He

Probiotics crosstalk immunity to improve host glycolipid metabolism, which is a new strategy for obesity. This study aimed to explore the functions of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56 (K56), in regulating the lipid metabolism of adipocytes and its immune regulation mechanisms. We co-cultured RAW264.7 macrophages with K56, and the K56-stimulated RAW264.7-conditioned medium (K56-CM) was collected and treated with 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. The expression of lipid metabolism-related markers of adipocytes, and the content of cytokines in CMs were detected. The results demonstrated that K56-CM promoted the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), and other adipogenesis-related markers, which resulted in the upregulation of lipolysis markers, such as hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). The activation of lipolysis enhanced the expression of fatty acid β-oxidation-related and mitochondrial biogenesis-related markers and reduced lipid accumulation in adipocytes. The glycolipid metabolism pattern of K56 may be due to its immunomodulatory characteristics, which stimulated macrophages to secrete fewer TNF-α, thereby promoting the expression of lipolysis-related markers, and TNF-α synergized with lipase to promote lipolysis. It has not been reported that L. paracasei modulated lipid metabolism via the lipolysis pathway, which suggested that K56 may regulate glycolipid metabolism of the host by maintaining immune homeostasis.

{"title":"Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56 inhibits lipid accumulation in adipocytes by promoting lipolysis","authors":"Silu Wang , Jinxing Li , Wei-Hsien Liu , Niya Li , Huijing Liang , Weilian Hung , Qiuyue Jiang , Ruyue Cheng , Xi Shen , Fang He","doi":"10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250034","DOIUrl":"10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Probiotics crosstalk immunity to improve host glycolipid metabolism, which is a new strategy for obesity. This study aimed to explore the functions of <em>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</em> K56 (K56), in regulating the lipid metabolism of adipocytes and its immune regulation mechanisms. We co-cultured RAW264.7 macrophages with K56, and the K56-stimulated RAW264.7-conditioned medium (K56-CM) was collected and treated with 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. The expression of lipid metabolism-related markers of adipocytes, and the content of cytokines in CMs were detected. The results demonstrated that K56-CM promoted the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), and other adipogenesis-related markers, which resulted in the upregulation of lipolysis markers, such as hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). The activation of lipolysis enhanced the expression of fatty acid <em>β</em>-oxidation-related and mitochondrial biogenesis-related markers and reduced lipid accumulation in adipocytes. The glycolipid metabolism pattern of K56 may be due to its immunomodulatory characteristics, which stimulated macrophages to secrete fewer TNF-α, thereby promoting the expression of lipolysis-related markers, and TNF-α synergized with lipase to promote lipolysis. It has not been reported that <em>L. paracasei</em> modulated lipid metabolism via the lipolysis pathway, which suggested that K56 may regulate glycolipid metabolism of the host by maintaining immune homeostasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12406,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Human Wellness","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 3511-3521"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140465698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Astragalin and rutin restore gut microbiota dysbiosis, alleviate obesity and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mice 黄芪苷和芦丁可恢复肠道微生物群失调，减轻高脂饮食喂养的 C57BL/6J 小鼠的肥胖和胰岛素抵抗症状

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Science and Human Wellness

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250012

Muni Swamy Ganjayi , Karunakaran Reddy Sankaran , Balaji Meriga , Ruchika Bhatia , Shikha Sharma , Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi

In the present study we investigated the impact of the combination of astragalin and rutin (CAR) on restoring gut-microbial dysbiosis and obesity and obesity related disorders. Randomized male C57BL/6J mice were experimentally divided into 5 groups and fed either a normal diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. Compared to vehicle treated group (HFD group), CAR could substantially improve selected gut microbiota abundance (Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Roseburia, Prevotella), reversed the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes proportions, and inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Klebsiella in obese mice. In addition, CAR-treated mice showed significantly increased total short-chain fatty acid production, reduced body weight gain, organs’ weights, serum lipid profile (except HDL) and insulin resistance. The mRNA expressions of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBP-α), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), adipocyte protein 2 (aP2), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) were downregulated (P < 0.05) and the protein expression of PPAR-γ was downregulated while adenosine 5’monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was phosphorylated in CAR-treated HFD-fed mice compared to the HFD control group. Interestingly, CAR-treated HFD-fed mice showed significantly improved tissue architecture in the liver and fatty tissues. In conclusion, the findings suggest that CAR/Moringa oleifera may be beneficial in the treatment of insulin resistance and obesity disorders.

{"title":"Astragalin and rutin restore gut microbiota dysbiosis, alleviate obesity and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mice","authors":"Muni Swamy Ganjayi , Karunakaran Reddy Sankaran , Balaji Meriga , Ruchika Bhatia , Shikha Sharma , Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi","doi":"10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250012","DOIUrl":"10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study we investigated the impact of the combination of astragalin and rutin (CAR) on restoring gut-microbial dysbiosis and obesity and obesity related disorders. Randomized male C57BL/6J mice were experimentally divided into 5 groups and fed either a normal diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. Compared to vehicle treated group (HFD group), CAR could substantially improve selected gut microbiota abundance (<em>Akkermansia</em>, <em>Lactobacillus</em>, <em>Bifidobacteria</em>, <em>Roseburia</em>, <em>Prevotella</em>), reversed the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes proportions, and inhibited the growth of <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Salmonella</em>, and <em>Klebsiella</em> in obese mice. In addition, CAR-treated mice showed significantly increased total short-chain fatty acid production, reduced body weight gain, organs’ weights, serum lipid profile (except HDL) and insulin resistance. The mRNA expressions of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α (<em>C/EBP-α</em>), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (<em>SREBP-1c</em>), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (<em>PPAR-γ</em>), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (<em>ACC</em>), adipocyte protein 2 (<em>aP2</em>), and fatty acid synthase (<em>FAS</em>) were downregulated (<em>P</em> <strong><</strong> 0.05) and the protein expression of PPAR-γ was downregulated while adenosine 5’monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was phosphorylated in CAR-treated HFD-fed mice compared to the HFD control group. Interestingly, CAR-treated HFD-fed mice showed significantly improved tissue architecture in the liver and fatty tissues. In conclusion, the findings suggest that CAR/<em>Moringa oleifera</em> may be beneficial in the treatment of insulin resistance and obesity disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12406,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Human Wellness","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 3256-3265"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140466889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concerns arise: wheat allergy risk in pre-packaged food products from China

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Science and Human Wellness

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2024.9250277

Wenfeng Liu , Jian Wang , Zhongliang Wang , Fangfang Min , Yong Wu , Juanli Yuan , Jinyan Gao , Hongbing Chen

Understanding and monitoring the cross-contamination of food allergens is crucial for safeguarding public health and ensuring food safety. Food allergen risk assessment, derived from classical toxicological principles, can identify and quantify the risk of allergies. This study aimed to investigate the risk of wheat allergic reactions to prepackaged foods from China through the utilization of food allergen risk assessment. A total of 575 products have been surveyed, wheat/gluten, milk and egg were major allergens labelled on products. According to voluntary incidental trace allergen labelling 3.0 (VITAL® 3.0) program, the number of products belonged to Action Level 2 were 303. Integration of precautionary allergen labeling (PAL) analysis indicated that 9.57 % products would pose a potential risk to wheat allergic individuals. The probabilistic risk assessment results suggest that 7 984 allergic reactions may arise among wheat-allergic consumers during 10 000 eating occasions due to the consumption of pre-packaged food products with incorrect wheat-related allergen labelling. This study demonstrated that a risk assessment-based approach can support the guidance of allergen labelling and management of food allergen for pre-packaged food products, providing protection for allergic individuals in food consumption and for food manufacturers in food production and trade.

{"title":"Concerns arise: wheat allergy risk in pre-packaged food products from China","authors":"Wenfeng Liu , Jian Wang , Zhongliang Wang , Fangfang Min , Yong Wu , Juanli Yuan , Jinyan Gao , Hongbing Chen","doi":"10.26599/FSHW.2024.9250277","DOIUrl":"10.26599/FSHW.2024.9250277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding and monitoring the cross-contamination of food allergens is crucial for safeguarding public health and ensuring food safety. Food allergen risk assessment, derived from classical toxicological principles, can identify and quantify the risk of allergies. This study aimed to investigate the risk of wheat allergic reactions to prepackaged foods from China through the utilization of food allergen risk assessment. A total of 575 products have been surveyed, wheat/gluten, milk and egg were major allergens labelled on products. According to voluntary incidental trace allergen labelling 3.0 (VITAL® 3.0) program, the number of products belonged to Action Level 2 were 303. Integration of precautionary allergen labeling (PAL) analysis indicated that 9.57 % products would pose a potential risk to wheat allergic individuals. The probabilistic risk assessment results suggest that 7 984 allergic reactions may arise among wheat-allergic consumers during 10 000 eating occasions due to the consumption of pre-packaged food products with incorrect wheat-related allergen labelling. This study demonstrated that a risk assessment-based approach can support the guidance of allergen labelling and management of food allergen for pre-packaged food products, providing protection for allergic individuals in food consumption and for food manufacturers in food production and trade.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12406,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Human Wellness","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 3139-3149"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Saikosaponin D improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via gut microbiota-bile acid metabolism pathway 柴胡皂苷 D 通过肠道微生物群-胆汁酸代谢途径改善非酒精性脂肪肝

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Science and Human Wellness

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250218

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Bupleurum is widely used in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver, and saikosaponin D (SSD) is one of the main active components of Bupleurum. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of SSD in the treatment of NAFLD and to explore the mechanism of SSD in the improvement of NAFLD based on “gut-liver axis”. Our results showed that SSD dose-dependently alleviated high fat diet-induced weight gain in mice, improved insulin sensitivity, and also reduced liver lipid accumulation and injury-related biomarkers aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Further exploration found that SSD inhibited the mRNA expression levels of farnesoid X receptor (Fxr), small heterodimer partner (Shp), recombinant fibroblast growth factor 15 (Fgf15) and apical sodium dependent bile acid transporter (Asbt) in the intestine, suggesting that SSD improved liver lipid metabolism by inhibiting intestinal FXR signaling. SSD can significantly reduce the gut microbiota associated with bile salt hydrolase (BSH) expression, such as Clostridium. Decreased BSH expression reduced the ratio of unconjugated to conjugated bile acids, thereby inhibiting the intestinal FXR. These data demonstrated that SSD ameliorated NAFLD potentially through the gut microbiota-bile acid-intestinal FXR pathway and suggested that SSD is a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of NAFLD.

非酒精性脂肪肝是全球慢性肝病的主要病因。柴胡被广泛用于治疗非酒精性脂肪肝，而柴胡皂苷 D（SSD）是柴胡的主要活性成分之一。本研究旨在探讨柴胡皂苷 D 治疗非酒精性脂肪肝的疗效，并探索基于 "肠肝轴 "的柴胡皂苷 D 改善非酒精性脂肪肝的机制。研究结果表明，SSD能剂量依赖性地缓解高脂饮食诱导的小鼠体重增加，改善胰岛素敏感性，还能减少肝脏脂质蓄积和损伤相关的生物标志物天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）和丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）。进一步研究发现，SSD 可抑制肠道中法尼类固醇 X 受体（Fxr）、小异二聚体伙伴（Shp）、重组成纤维细胞生长因子 15（Fgf15）和顶端钠依赖性胆汁酸转运体（Asbt）的 mRNA 表达水平，这表明 SSD 可通过抑制肠道 FXR 信号转导来改善肝脏脂质代谢。SSD 能显著减少与胆盐水解酶（BSH）表达相关的肠道微生物群，如梭状芽孢杆菌。BSH 表达的减少降低了非结合胆汁酸与结合胆汁酸的比例，从而抑制了肠道 FXR。这些数据表明，SSD 可通过肠道微生物群-胆汁酸-肠道 FXR 途径改善非酒精性脂肪肝，并表明 SSD 是一种治疗非酒精性脂肪肝的有效药物。

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引用次数: 0

Tetramethylpyrazine and paeoniflorin combination (TMP-PF) alleviates atherosclerosis progress by reducing hyperlipemia and inhibiting plaque angiogenesis via the NR4A1/VEGFR2 pathway 四甲基吡嗪和芍药苷复方制剂（TMP-PF）通过 NR4A1/VEGFR2 途径降低高脂血症并抑制斑块血管生成，从而缓解动脉粥样硬化的进展

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Science and Human Wellness

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250212

Atherosclerosis remains a great threat to human health worldwide. Previous studies found that tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) and paeoniflorin (PF) combination (TMP-PF) exerts anti-atherosclerotic effects in vitro. However, whether TMP-PF improves atherosclerosis in vivo needs further exploration. The present study aims to assess the anti-atherosclerotic properties of TMP-PF in ApoE^-/- mice and explore the related molecule mechanisms. Results showed that TMP and high-dose TMP-PF decreased serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, suppressed vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1) expression in aortic tissues, inhibited plaque angiogenesis, reduced plaque areas, and alleviated atherosclerosis in ApoE^-/- mice. Also, TMP-PF exhibited a better modulation effect than TMP or PF alone. However, NR4A1 agonist abolished the anti-atherosclerotic effects of TMP-PF. In conclusion, TMP-PF was first found to alleviate atherosclerosis progression by reducing hyperlipemia and inhibiting plaque angiogenesis via the NR4A1/VEGFR2 pathway, indicating that TMP-PF had a positive effect on reducing hyperlipemia and attenuating atherosclerosis development.

动脉粥样硬化仍然是全球人类健康的一大威胁。以往的研究发现，四甲基吡嗪（TMP）和芍药苷（PF）复方制剂（TMP-PF）在体外具有抗动脉粥样硬化的作用。然而，TMP-PF 是否能改善体内动脉粥样硬化还需要进一步探讨。本研究旨在评估 TMP-PF 在载脂蛋白E-/-小鼠体内的抗动脉粥样硬化特性，并探讨相关分子机制。结果显示，TMP和大剂量TMP-PF可降低载脂蛋白E-/-小鼠血清甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平，抑制血管内皮生长因子受体2（VEGFR2）和核受体亚家族4 A组1（NR4A1）在主动脉组织中的表达，抑制斑块血管生成，减少斑块面积，缓解动脉粥样硬化。此外，TMP-PF 比单独使用 TMP 或 PF 有更好的调节作用。然而，NR4A1激动剂会取消TMP-PF的抗动脉粥样硬化作用。总之，首次发现TMP-PF可通过NR4A1/VEGFR2途径降低高脂血症和抑制斑块血管生成，从而缓解动脉粥样硬化的进展，表明TMP-PF对降低高脂血症和减轻动脉粥样硬化的发展有积极作用。

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引用次数: 0

2′-Fucosyllactose alleviate immune checkpoint blockade-associated colitis by reshaping gut microbiota and activating AHR pathway 2′-岩藻糖通过重塑肠道微生物群和激活AHR通路缓解免疫检查点阻断剂相关性结肠炎

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Science and Human Wellness

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250205

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapeutics are highly effective in cancer immunotherapy, but gastrointestinal toxicity limited the application. Intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in ICB-associated colitis. 2′-Fucosyllactose (2′FL) is most abundance prebiotic in human milk that can reshape gut microbiota and exert immune regulatory effect. The study aimed to determine the effects of 2′FL on ICB-associated colitis and to uncover the mediating mechanism. ICB-associated colitis was induced by the ipilimumab and dextran sulfate sodium. Oral administration of 2′FL (0.6 g/(kg∙day)) ameliorated ICB-induced colitis by enhancing regulatory T cells (Treg) and the M2/M1 ratio of macrophages in colon. 2′FL treatment also increased the expression of tight junction proteins (zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and mucin 2 (MUC2)) and antioxidant stress indicators (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)). In addition, administration of 2′FL increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, and elevated the levels of microbial metabolites, such as indole-3-lactic acid (ILA), which activated the aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands (AHR) pathway. The protective effect of 2′FL was abolished upon depletion of gut microbiota, and ILA treatment partially simulated the protective effect of 2′FL. Notably, 2′FL did not exhibit inhibition of antitumor immunity. These findings suggest that 2′FL could serve as a potential protective strategy for ICB-associated colitis by modulating the intestinal microbiota and bacterial metabolites.

免疫检查点阻断（ICB）疗法在癌症免疫疗法中非常有效，但胃肠道毒性限制了其应用。肠道微生物群在 ICB 相关性结肠炎中起着至关重要的作用。2′-岩藻酸半乳糖（2′FL）是母乳中含量最丰富的益生元，可重塑肠道微生物群并发挥免疫调节作用。本研究旨在确定2′FL对ICB相关性结肠炎的影响，并揭示其介导机制。伊匹单抗和葡聚糖硫酸钠诱导了ICB相关性结肠炎。口服2′FL（0.6克/（千克/天））通过增强调节性T细胞（Treg）和结肠中巨噬细胞的M2/M1比值来改善ICB诱导的结肠炎。2′FL还能增加紧密连接蛋白（Zonula occludens-1（ZO-1）和粘蛋白2（MUC2））和抗氧化应激指标（超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT））的表达。此外，2′FL 还能增加双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的数量，提高微生物代谢产物（如吲哚-3-乳酸（ILA））的水平，从而激活芳基烃受体配体（AHR）途径。消耗肠道微生物群后，2′FL 的保护作用消失，而 ILA 处理可部分模拟 2′FL 的保护作用。值得注意的是，2′FL 对抗肿瘤免疫没有抑制作用。这些研究结果表明，2′FL 可以通过调节肠道微生物群和细菌代谢产物作为一种潜在的保护性策略来治疗 ICB 相关性结肠炎。

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引用次数: 0

The metabolic profiling of Chinese yam fermented by Saccharomyces boulardii and the biological activities of its ethanol extract in vitro 布拉氏酵母菌发酵山药的代谢谱分析及其乙醇提取物的体外生物活性

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Science and Human Wellness

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250219

Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.), as one of the medicinal and edible homologous plants, is rich in various nutrients and functional factors. In this study, Chinese yam fermented by Saccharomyces boulardii was performed to investigate its bioactive components and metabolic profile. And then, the main bioactive components and biological activities of fermented Chinese yam ethanol extract (FCYE) were evaluated. Results showed that there were 49 up-regulated metabolites and 52 down-regulated metabolites in fermented Chinese yam compared to unfermented Chinese yam. Besides, corresponding metabolic pathways analysis initially revealed that the distribution of bioactive substances was concentrated on alcohol-soluble small molecular substances. Ulteriorly, the total polyphenol content and the total flavonoid content in FCYE were significantly increased, and the corresponding antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities in vitro were also significantly enhanced. Our study provided a new reference for the comprehensive utilization of Chinese yam and laid a theoretical foundation for the development and application of natural probiotic-fermented products.

山药（Dioscorea opposita Thunb.）作为药食同源植物之一，富含多种营养物质和功能因子。本研究采用布拉氏酵母菌发酵山药，研究其生物活性成分和代谢概况。然后，对发酵山药乙醇提取物（FCYE）的主要生物活性成分和生物活性进行了评价。结果表明，与未发酵山药相比，发酵山药中有 49 个上调代谢物和 52 个下调代谢物。此外，相应的代谢途径分析初步显示，生物活性物质的分布主要集中在醇溶性小分子物质上。最终，发酵山药中的总多酚含量和总黄酮含量明显增加，相应的体外抗氧化活性和免疫调节活性也明显提高。我们的研究为山药的综合利用提供了新的参考，并为天然益生菌发酵产品的开发和应用奠定了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

Insights into the enhancement of food flavor perception: strategies, mechanism and emulsion applications 洞察食品风味感知的增强：策略、机制和乳液应用

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Science and Human Wellness

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250199

The core drivers of the modern food industry are meeting consumer demand for tasty and healthy foods. The application of food flavor perception enhancement can help to achieve the goals of salt- and sugar-reduction, without compromising the sensory quality of the original food, and this has attracted increasing research attention. The analysis of bibliometric results from 2002 to 2022 reveals that present flavor perception enhancement strategies (changing ingredient formulations, adding salt/sugar substitutes, emulsion delivery systems) are mainly carry out based on sweetness, saltiness and umami. Emulsion systems is becoming a novel research foci and development trends of international food flavor perception-enhancement research. The structured design of food emulsions, by using interface engineering technology, can effectively control, or enhance the release of flavor substances. Thus, this review systematically summarizes strategies, the application of emulsion systems and the mechanisms of action of food flavor perception-enhancement technologies, based on odor-taste cross-modal interaction (OTCMI), to provide insights into the further structural design and application of emulsion systems in this field.

现代食品工业的核心驱动力是满足消费者对美味和健康食品的需求。食品风味感知增强技术的应用有助于实现减盐减糖的目标，同时又不影响原有食品的感官质量，这已引起越来越多的研究关注。对 2002 年至 2022 年文献计量结果的分析表明，目前的风味感知增强策略（改变配料配方、添加盐/糖替代品、乳化输送系统）主要是基于甜味、咸味和鲜味进行的。乳化系统正成为国际食品风味感知增强研究的一个新的研究热点和发展趋势。利用界面工程技术对食品乳液进行结构化设计，可以有效控制或增强风味物质的释放。因此，本综述系统地总结了基于气味-味道跨模态相互作用（OTCMI）的食品风味感知增强技术的策略、乳化系统的应用和作用机理，为乳化系统在该领域的进一步结构设计和应用提供启示。

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引用次数: 0