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The purpose of the study: Evaluation of the results of percutaneous drainage in the treatment of visceral and non-visceral fluid formations that developed in the abdominal cavity in the postoperative period.

Material and methods: The study involved 64 patients who underwent percutaneous drainage under ultrasound control, and 30 patients who underwent open surgical drainage. The clinical variables were analyzed along with the results of the interventions.

Results: The average hospital stay of patients who underwent open surgical drainage (11.10±3.42 days) was longer than that of patients who underwent percutaneous drainage (9.13±1.63 days). The average time of temperature decrease during percutaneous drainage was 4.31±1.75 days, and with open surgical drainage -4.94±2.01 days. Percutaneous drainage was successful in 96.8% of patients, and an unsuccessful result was observed in 3.2% of patients. In patients who underwent open surgical drainage, these rates were 80% and 20%, respectively. Compared with percutaneous drainage, complications were more frequent in patients who underwent open surgical drainage and amounted to 12.4% and 16.7%, respectively.

Conclusion: Percutaneous drainage under ultrasound control has a lower mortality rate compared to open surgical drainage, as well as reduces hospital stay and in most cases can replace drainage with traditional open or laparoscopic intervention.

Congenital pectus excavatum (PE) takes the first place among the deformation of the chest, accompanied by violations of the cardiorespiratory system and various cosmetic defects. A radical way to eliminate the deformation of the chest is surgical correction-thoracoplasty.

Material and methods: This study was performed on the results of surgical treatment of 183 patients with various forms of PE at the age of 3 to 18 years. All operated children were divided into three groups. The first group consisted of 76 (41.5%) patients who underwent thoracoplasty with fixation of the mobilized sternal-rib complex on an external traction splint. The second group included 77 (42,1%) patients operated by the developed method of thoracoplasty. The third group of 30 (16.4%) patients operated on the classical Nuss-method. Short- and long-term results were compared between the groups.

Results: The operation time was significantly shorter in third group (55 min) and the volume of blood loss was higher in the first group (46,4±12,5 ml). Pleural effusion and atelectasis were observed 4 and 3 patients and atelectasis, or pneumonitis was observed 3 and 2 patients in first and third groups respectively. The duration of postoperative pain syndrome was significantly shorter in second group with intercostal blockade. Pneumothorax was established 4 and 3 patients in first and third groups. Partial relapse and complete relapse were observed 3 (4.1%) and 2 (2.7%) patients in the first group.

Conclusion: Short and long-term results were excellent for modified thoracoplasty and Nuss procedures with low complication rates.

High prevalence of hypertrophic rhinitis makes more topical the problem of search of new, more effective means of treatment this pathology. 37 patients with hypertrophic rhinitis were examined. The clinical examination included the study of complaints and objective visual indicators associated with hypertrophic rhinitis. The olfactory function of the nose and the motor activity of the ciliated epithelium of the nasal mucosa were also studied. It has been established, that treatment intranasal electrophoresis with 5% potassium iodate solution caused attenuation, up to disappearance of the complaint, has a normalizing action on smelling function of nose, motor activity of scintillans epithelial of nasal mucosa and other objective indexes of clinical status. The above shown positive shifts were more positive in mild cases of hypertrophy.

The wide range of chemical structures of antioxidants provides opportunities for individual selection of the most suitable compounds, taking into account the unique needs and characteristics of the body. Synthetic antioxidants can be specially designed with certain characteristics, which helps to create more effective and stable compounds. The aim of this work was to conduct a series of studies to identify the antioxidant activity of newly synthesized compounds of a number of oxalic acid diamides based on 3,4-dimethoxyphenylcyclopentylamine N1 ((1-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl)-N2-(2-methoxyphenyl)oxalamide on the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the brain and liver tissues of white rats (in vivo, in vitro), as well as to determine their potential pharmacological properties that correspond to Lipinsky's "Rule of Five" (in silico).

Material and methods: The studies were conducted on white male rats weighing 180-200 g, kept on a normal diet. The brain and liver were washed with physiological solution, purified from vessels and homogenized in Tris-HCl buffer. The level of lipid peroxides was determined in a non-enzymatic peroxidation system by the yield of the final product - (MDA), which forms a complex compound with thiobarbituric acid in the form of a chromogen (trimethine complex).

Results and discussion: As a result of the conducted studies, it was established that the synthesized compounds exhibit antioxidant properties with varying degrees of effectiveness. The most pronounced activity was demonstrated by compound 1.24.50 both in liver tissue and in brain tissue. The least activity, both in liver tissue and in brain tissue, was demonstrated by compound 1.24.43. In addition, all physicochemical descriptors of the studied compounds correspond to Lipinsky's "Rule of Five". These data confirm the prospects of further studies of these compounds as potential sources for the development of new molecules for the treatment of oxidative stress.

Conclusion: Analysis of the obtained data allows us to conclude that the studied compounds demonstrate antioxidant properties, helping to protect cells from oxidative stress. These results are of significant importance for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with increased levels of free radicals.

Smoking is one of the most common harmful habits that can lead to the development of pathological processes in various organs and systems. At the same time, smoking in childhood and adolescence especially contributes to the deterioration of the general somatic condition, increases the risk and determines the severity of the course of respiratory diseases, which in the future has an impact on the development and functioning of the respiratory system, becomes the cause of dependent conditions and complicates the course of accompanying pathology. It is believed that disruption of the microcirculatory channel can be one of the key links in the development of pathological processes in the oral cavity. Therefore, improving the quality of diagnosis of lesions of the microcirculatory bed of periodontal tissues in the early stages of the inflammatory process became the goal of our work.

Material and methods: All patients were divided into 2 groups: the main group adolescents from 14 to 17 years old who smoke, and the control group - adolescents who have never smoked. Determination of the degree of damage to the vascular bed of periodontal tissues in adolescents was carried out with using biochemical analysis of oral fluid to detect in it prognostic markers of microcirculation disorders in periodontal tissues with determination of the level of arginine, nitrates, citrulline, urea. The index of micro crystallization of oral fluid, the rate of saliva secretion and the pH of the oral fluid were detected also.

Results: The results and their analysis indicate certain differences in the biochemical profile of the oral fluid of adolescents who smoke and adolescents who do not have this habit. The following values of the investigated indicators were obtained. Interquartile indicators of the level of arginine in the main group are 6.19-13.63, in the control group - 9.01-12.12; nitrates - 98.2-174.84 and 96.3-179.39, citrulline - 10.20-17.39 and 7.31-14.38, urea - 10.2-15.9 and 11.1-17.7 in accordance with the specified procedure. Such a situation may indicate the presence of an early biochemical response, which appears some time before clinical manifestations, since individuals with an intact periodontium were selected for participation in this study.

Conclusions: Smoking is an unconditional factor that worsens the morpho-functional condition of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity not only in adults, but also in children. Yes, a reliable difference between smokers and non-smokers was determined for arginine and citrulline indicators; no significant differences were found between the parameters of nitrates and urea.

Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the effect of Xiaoyao Pills combined with alendronate on bone density in postmenopausal patients with osteoporosis.

Methods: The data of postmenopausal osteoporosis patients admitted to Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to January 2023 were retrospectively collected. According to the treatment method, patients were randomly divided into study group and control group. Finally, 54 cases were selected for each group. The study group was treated with Xiaoyao Pills combined with alendronate sodium, while the control group was treated with alendronate sodium alone. The femoral neck bone density of the two groups of patients was observed.

Results: Compared with before treatment, the bone mineral density of both groups of patients increased significantly 6 months and 12 months after treatment (P＜0.05). Comparing the bone density of the two groups of patients before treatment, the difference was not statistically significant [(0.58±0.06) g/ cm² vs. (0.60±0.08) g/cm², P=0.486]. Compared with the control group, the bone density of the study group increased significantly after 6 months of treatment [(0.69±0.08)g/cm² vs. (0.60±0.08)g/cm²].

Conclusion: Xiaoyao Pills combined with alendronate can improve bone density in postmenopausal patients with osteoporosis.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, affecting around 500,000 to 1 million Americans, with a significant portion diagnosed before age 50. Despite advances in treatments such as dopamine replacement therapy and deep brain stimulation, no therapies currently exist to halt or slow disease progression in advanced stages. Research is increasingly focused on identifying early biomarkers for PD to enable earlier intervention. Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn), a key protein implicated in PD pathology, is studied using various proteomics techniques like mass spectrometry, gel electrophoresis, and chromatography, to understand its role and alterations in PD. These techniques help in extracting, analyzing, and characterizing α-Syn from brain samples, providing insights into disease mechanisms and potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Background: Digital technologies have expanded in the field of dentistry, especially in the clinical and diagnostic aspects of occlusal abnormalities. Consequently, the purpose of this narrative review is to identify and synthesize data concerning the effects of these sophisticated digital technologies on improved diagnostic performance, treatment interventions, and patient outcomes.

Methods: Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched and, therefore, performed to find the pertinent digital technologies in dentistry from the published literature. The search was conducted in the period between 2000 and 2024. The criteria for inclusion of the studies targeted technologies that were Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), intraoral scanners, 3D imaging, and Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM). Some of the comparing between conventional and modern approaches were raised.

Results: Digital technologies have enhanced the diagnostic process due to extended visualization and precise evaluation of occlusal disturbances Conclusion: It has been seen that the application of information technologies in dentistry significantly improved the diagnostics and therapy of occlusion disturbances. While there are some invincible challenges posed by these advancements, the prospects are noteworthy when it comes to accuracy, efficiency, and patient benefits.

One of the four main non-communicable illnesses, diabetes mellitus, calls for immediate attention from all key stakeholders worldwide to address its prevalence and related consequences. Hyperglycemia and hyperglycemic-induced oxidative stress and inflammation are thought as the third largest risk factor for early mortality throughout the globe, killing an estimated 1.6 million people annually. Hyperglycemia hyperglycemic-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and the onset and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus are all intricately connected. Several studies showed that subclinical inflammation adds to insulin resistance and is connected to the hallmarks of metabolic syndrome, including hyperglycemia, that increases the chance of developing type 2 diabetes. Inflammation increases the creation of reactive oxygen species, which will be later increased by oxidative stress. The fundamental impetus for this study was the recognition of the interplay between diabetes, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This literature review focuses on type 2 diabetes and selected diabetic complications, and it analyses the relationship between these diseases, as well as oxidative stress, inflammation, risk factors for developing diabetes, and the mechanisms behind hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress.