Fungal biology最新文献_第9页

Cell wall characteristics of Thielavia terrestris dispersed and pelleted mycelia 地蓟分散和球化菌丝的细胞壁特性

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101593

Olena Gromozova , Mara Grube , Peter Lytvyn , Maksym Kharchuk , Marina Fomina

In submerged fermentation of filamentous fungi, pelleted and dispersed types of growth are the two main morphological forms largely affecting the productivity of industrial processes. Despite the immense importance of fungal biotechnology various aspects of the biology of these two growth forms have been rarely studied. Whether there are any differences in architecture and properties of hyphal cell wall between pelleted and dispersed mycelia of the same non-genetically modified fungus was unknown. This comparative study characterized the cell wall structure and properties of pelleted and dispersed forms of Thielavia terrestris growth. Infrared spectroscopy revealed that the hyphal cell wall of pellets, in contrast to dispersed mycelium, contained considerably more chitin (22 % and 1–2 % of dry weight [dw], respectively), glucans (28 % and 10 % dw), and lipids (8 % and 6 % dw). The dispersed form was characterised by much higher content of phosphate-rich polysaccharide (dispersed vs pelleted: 23 % and 1 % dw) and protein (55 % and 40 % dw, respectively). TEM-microscopy showed the thicker cell wall of the dispersed form, which did not manifest the third well-defined electron-dense smooth outer layer present in pellets. The cell wall of the pelleted form was less susceptible to mechanical and enzymatic destruction and demonstrated in AFM hardness tests 5–10 times greater nano-hardness than the dispersed form. Thus, the cell wall structure and properties are very different in the pelleted than the dispersed growth forms, where the narrower and chitin/glucans-richer cell wall of the pelleted form provides more effective protection from mechanical and enzymatic damages.

在丝状真菌的深层发酵过程中，颗粒状和分散生长类型是两种主要的形态形式，在很大程度上影响着工业过程的生产率。尽管真菌生物技术具有巨大的重要性，但这两种生长形式的生物学的各个方面却很少得到研究。同一种非转基因真菌的球化菌丝和分散菌丝在菌丝细胞壁的结构和性质上是否存在差异尚不清楚。本研究比较了球粒型和分散型地蓟的细胞壁结构和特性。红外光谱显示，与分散的菌丝相比，微球菌丝细胞壁含有更多的几丁质（分别占干重的22%和1 - 2%）、葡聚糖（分别占干重的28%和10%）和脂质（分别占干重的8%和6%）。分散形式的特点是富含磷酸盐的多糖（分散与颗粒：23%和1% dw）和蛋白质（分别为55%和40% dw）的含量高得多。tem显微镜显示分散形式的细胞壁较厚，没有显示颗粒中存在的第三层明确的电子致密光滑外层。颗粒形式的细胞壁不易受到机械和酶的破坏，并且在AFM硬度测试中显示出比分散形式高5-10倍的纳米硬度。因此，颗粒状的细胞壁结构和性质与分散的生长形式有很大的不同，在分散的生长形式中，颗粒状的细胞壁更窄，几丁质/葡聚糖更丰富，可以更有效地保护细胞免受机械和酶的损伤。

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引用次数: 0

Overview of scientific productivity in the field of fungal stress research 真菌胁迫研究领域科学生产力综述

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101598

Alene Alder-Rangel , Drauzio E.N. Rangel

The study of fungal stress (FS) responses contributes to a deeper understanding of this important group of organisms. This bibliometric study explores what research has been conducted on how agricultural, environmental, and industrial important fungi respond to changes or stress in their environment. The Web of Science was employed to find publications related to FS tolerance, and after sorting, 3126 articles were analyzed. The major fungus/fungi studied in each article were noted and sorted into categories of Environmental, Industrial, or Agricultural FS. The publications were then assigned into these categories or General, for articles covering many fungi. Agricultural Fungi were further divided into Plant-pathogenic, Insect-pathogenic, Antagonist, Postharvest decay, and Nematode-trapping niches. Seventy years of research into FS were found, with the majority of publications after 1990, peaking in 2022. Almost half of the FS publications were about Agriculture, and plant pathogens were the most common niche studied. The most studied fungi were Beauveria bassiana, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Aspergillus nidulans. Studies on FS were conducted in 87 countries by at least 9766 researchers. Most of the top institutions and researchers in FS publications are Chinese.

真菌应激（FS）反应的研究有助于更深入地了解这一重要的生物群体。这项文献计量学研究探讨了农业、环境和工业重要真菌如何对其环境中的变化或压力作出反应的研究。利用Web of Science检索与FS耐受性相关的文献，整理后共分析3126篇。每篇文章中研究的主要真菌/真菌都被标记并分类为环境、工业或农业FS。出版物然后被分配到这些类别或一般，为文章涵盖许多真菌。农业真菌进一步分为植物致病性生态位、昆虫致病性生态位、拮抗生态位、采后腐烂生态位和诱捕线虫生态位。研究人员对FS进行了70年的研究，其中大多数出版物是在1990年之后发表的，在2022年达到顶峰。几乎一半的FS出版物是关于农业的，植物病原体是最常见的生态位研究。研究最多的真菌是球孢白僵菌、酿酒酵母菌和球状曲霉。至少有9766名研究人员在87个国家对FS进行了研究。FS出版物中的顶尖机构和研究人员大多是中国人。

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引用次数: 0

Elemental uptake and accumulation by wood decay fungi in relation to their nutrition strategy, rot type and mineral profile of the colonized wood 木材腐烂真菌对元素的吸收和积累与定殖木材的营养策略、腐烂类型和矿物特征有关

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101592

Magdalena Krzesłowska , Patrycja Mleczek , Anna Budka , Marek Siwulski , Sylwia Budzyńska , Przemysław Niedzielski , Július Árvay , Mirosław Mleczek

The uptake and accumulation of essential and toxic elements by wood decay fungi (WDF) are complex. We examined the mineral profile of 13 WDF colonizing coniferous and deciduous trees. To illustrate the role of nutritional strategies and rot type in selected elements uptake and accumulation, four fungi species differing in their nutrition strategy and the type of decay, colonizing only conifers were selected: two white rot: saprotrophic Pseudohydnum gelatinosum, and parasitic Phellinus pini and two brown rot, saprotrophic/parasitic Phaeolus schweinitzii and saprotrophic Tapinella atrotomentosa. The obtained results revealed that the concentration of most selected major elements (K, Mg, Na, P) in the sporocarps of the two saprotrophic WDF species was significantly higher than in the parasitic or saprotrophic/parasitic ones and that the concentration in the colonized wood located under the sporocarp projecting from the trunk or root. Furthermore, it was found that white rot fungi, independent of their nutritional strategy, accumulated significantly more of most selected minor (B, Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn) and toxic (Al, As, Cd, Pb, Tl) elements in their sporocarps than brown rot species. These last two rules concerned WDF species colonizing coniferous trees but also included WDF species growing on deciduous trees.

Hence, obtained, novel results of this paper demonstrated that the mineral nutrition of WDF, mainly colonizing coniferous trees, may be influenced by (1) fungus nutrition strategy, (2) the type of decay - involved in the preferential decomposition of specific cell wall components and fungus demand for given element, involved in wood CWs decomposition strategy and (3) to a lesser extent by the elements concentration in the wood samples.

木材腐烂真菌对必需元素和有毒元素的吸收和积累是复杂的。我们研究了13种WDF定殖的针叶树和落叶树的矿物剖面。为了说明营养策略和腐病类型对所选元素吸收和积累的作用，选择了4种不同营养策略和腐病类型的真菌：2种白腐菌：腐养性Pseudohydnum gelatinosum， 2种寄生Phellinus pini， 2种褐腐菌：腐养性/寄生性Phaeolus schweinitzii和腐养性Tapinella atrotomentosa。结果表明，两种腐养型WDF的子果皮中大部分选定元素（K、Mg、Na、P）的浓度均显著高于寄生型或腐养/寄生型，且在从树干或根突出的子果皮下方的定植木材中含量最高。此外，白腐真菌在其孢子囊中积累的大多数微量元素（B、Cu、Fe、Ni、Zn）和有毒元素（Al、As、Cd、Pb、Tl）与褐腐真菌不同，且与营养策略无关。后两种规律不仅涉及定居于针叶树上的WDF物种，还包括生长在落叶树上的WDF物种。因此，本文所获得的新结果表明，主要定植于针叶树的WDF的矿物质营养可能受到(1)真菌营养策略的影响，(2)腐烂类型-参与特定细胞壁成分的优先分解和真菌对给定元素的需求，参与木材CWs的分解策略，(3)在较小程度上受木材样品中元素浓度的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Microsclerotia of dark septate endophytic fungi from Paleogene and Neogene of Poland: fossil record and palaeoenvironmental significance of root fungal endophytes 波兰古近纪和新近纪暗隔内生真菌的微核：根真菌内生真菌的化石记录及其古环境意义

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101594

Grzegorz Worobiec , Elżbieta Worobiec , Marek Widera , Wojciech Granoszewski

Remains of microsclerotia morphologically corresponding to those of modern dark septate endophytic (DSE) fungi were found during palynological studies of some Oligocene and Miocene sites from Poland. Fossil microsclerotia, mostly represented by leaf-like morphotypes were morphologically diversified, but there was no possibility to match the fossil morphotypes with modern fungal DSE taxa forming microsclerotia in roots. Reliable fossils of microsclerotia of dark septate endophytic fungi date back to the Eocene and show continuous presence till recent times. They confirm the coexistence of dark septate endophytic fungi with plants at least from the beginning of the early Cenozoic. Pre-Cenozoic fossils of presumed DSE microsclerotia were considered doubtful. The presence of microsclerotia in continental deposits points to dense vegetation in the past, and in marine deposits, they indicate terrigenous flux that originated from coastal vegetation.

在波兰渐新世和中新世遗址的孢粉学研究中发现了与现代暗隔内生真菌（DSE）形态相对应的微核残体。以叶状微核为代表的化石微核形态多样，但化石微核形态与现代真菌DSE根微核类群无法匹配。暗裂内生真菌微核的可靠化石可以追溯到始新世，并持续存在到最近。他们证实，至少从新生代早期开始，暗隔内生真菌就与植物共存。假定的前新生代DSE微核化石被认为是可疑的。大陆沉积物中微核的存在表明过去有密集的植被，而在海洋沉积物中，它们表明源自沿海植被的陆源通量。

引用次数: 0

Heat stress priming enhanced conidial germination, insect virulence and metabolic adaptation in Beauveria bassiana 热胁迫增强球孢白僵菌孢子萌发、昆虫毒力和代谢适应

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101607

Somsiri Udompaisarn , Jiraporn Jirakkakul , Thanawat Duangfoo , Wachiraporn Toopaang , Alongkorn Amnuaykanjanasin

Beauveria bassiana strains are commercially available as mycoinsecticides and are widely used for insect control. However, its effectiveness is often hindered by vulnerability to environmental stressors such as UV radiation, drought, and heat. Exposure to moderate heat, which is considered a triggering stimulus, partially inhibits the germination of conidia. This study investigated the impact of heat stress and priming on conidial germination, radial growth, sporulation, virulence to insects, and metabolic profiling in B. bassiana BCC 2660. The conidial germination significantly suppressed and declined from 82 to 34 % at 45 °C after 180 min. Here, we introduced a priming state to enhance the fungus's tolerance to the triggering stimulus. Comparative analysis revealed that conidia subjected to heat-induced priming at 35 °C for 40 min exhibited a significant increase in germination from 32 to 65 %, compared to non-primed conidia. The primed conidia also demonstrated a reduction in the LT₅₀ by 10 h in comparison to their non-primed counterparts. While priming improved germination, it did not significantly affect radial growth or sporulation rates under heat stress. We further explored the memory time of priming, finding that the fungus retained the priming state for up to 4 h. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the heat stress response, we identified candidate metabolites using LC-MS. Metabolomic analysis identified 34 metabolites, with significant alterations in metabolic pathways related to spermidine biosynthesis, coenzyme A synthesis, fungal wall development and various cellular process among primed conidia. These results underscored the complex metabolic adjustments in B. bassiana conidia, highlighting the potential of priming strategies to enhance fungal tolerance to environmental stresses and improve biocontrol efficacy in agricultural applications.

球孢白僵菌菌株可作为真菌杀虫剂在商业上获得，并广泛用于昆虫控制。然而，它的有效性往往受到环境压力的影响，如紫外线辐射、干旱和高温。暴露于被认为是触发刺激的中等温度下，会部分抑制分生孢子的萌发。研究了热胁迫和诱导对球孢白僵菌BCC 2660孢子萌发、径向生长、产孢、对虫毒力和代谢谱的影响。45℃处理180 min后，分生孢子萌发率明显下降，从82%下降到34%。本研究通过引入启动状态来增强真菌对触发刺激的耐受性。对比分析表明，在35°C下热诱导萌发40 min的分生孢子发芽率比未热诱导萌发的分生孢子高32% ~ 65%。与未启动的分生孢子相比，启动的分生孢子的LT50也减少了10小时。在热胁迫下，发芽剂对种子的径向生长和产孢率影响不显著。我们进一步探索了启动的记忆时间，发现真菌保持启动状态长达4小时。为了阐明热应激反应的分子机制，我们使用LC-MS鉴定了候选代谢物。代谢组学分析鉴定出34种代谢物，这些代谢物与亚精胺生物合成、辅酶A合成、真菌壁发育和各种细胞过程有关。这些结果强调了球孢白僵菌的复杂代谢调节，突出了引物策略在提高真菌对环境胁迫的耐受性和提高农业生物防治效果方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Boscalid – a new selectable marker for Ascochyta lentis and Ascochyta rabiei Boscalid——一种新的香菇和小圆菇选择性标记

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101615

Johannes W. Debler, Robert C. Lee, Karam B. Singh, Lars G. Kamphuis, Bernadette M. Henares

Ascochyta lentis and Ascochyta rabiei are fungal pathogens affecting lentil and chickpea crops, respectively. They employ effector proteins to facilitate infection, and understanding the role of effector genes is crucial for unravelling host–pathogen interactions and developing disease-resistant crops. Traditional methods for studying effectors in lentil and chickpea face challenges, such as the ability to perform gene overexpression or knockout studies, due to the difficulty of effector protein infiltration and the limitations of using non-host plants for expression studies. Here, we introduce an alternative tool to enhance the genetic modification toolkit for A. lentis and A. rabiei by developing boscalid-resistant mutants using targeted mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase subunit B (SdhB). This allows for the generation of multiple gene knockouts and gene complementation in A. lentis, where previously only one selectable marker was available. By using the SdhB H277L mutation, we transformed both pathogens and successfully selected transformants using the fungicide boscalid as the selective agent. The method was validated through gene complementation studies of AlScd1 in A. lentis and ArPks1 in A. rabiei, restoring wild type melanin production phenotypes and demonstrating the utility of the new marker system. Additionally, we generated double knockouts in both pathogens, highlighting the potential for more sophisticated genetic studies. The boscalid resistance marker system described here represents a significant advancement in the functional genomics of Ascochyta species, providing a new tool for dissecting the molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenicity and host–pathogen interactions. This approach opens new avenues for research on disease management strategies for lentil and chickpea.

扁豆Ascochyta lentis和鹰嘴豆Ascochyta rabiei分别是影响扁豆和鹰嘴豆作物的真菌病原体。它们利用效应蛋白促进感染，了解效应基因的作用对于揭示寄主-病原体相互作用和培育抗病作物至关重要。由于效应蛋白渗透的困难以及使用非寄主植物进行表达研究的局限性，研究扁豆和鹰嘴豆中效应物的传统方法面临着挑战，例如无法进行基因过表达或敲除研究。在这里，我们介绍了一种替代工具，通过利用琥珀酸脱氢酶亚基B （SdhB）的靶向突变来开发抗胆碱突变体，以增强A. lentis和A. rabiei的遗传修饰工具包。这允许在扁豆中产生多个基因敲除和基因互补，而以前只有一个可选择的标记可用。通过使用SdhB H277L突变，我们转化了这两种病原体，并成功地选择了用杀菌剂boscalid作为选择剂的转化子。通过lentis中AlScd1和A. rabiei中ArPks1的基因互补研究，验证了该方法的有效性，恢复了野生型黑色素产生表型，证明了新标记系统的实用性。此外，我们在两种病原体中产生了双敲除，突出了更复杂的遗传研究的潜力。本文所描述的双鳞片抗性标记系统代表了Ascochyta物种功能基因组学的重大进展，为剖析其致病性和宿主-病原体相互作用的分子机制提供了新的工具。该方法为扁豆和鹰嘴豆病害管理策略的研究开辟了新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Regulation of phenotype and secondary metabolic silencing gene clusters in Aspergillus sydowii by velvet transcription factors 丝绒转录因子对西多曲霉表型和次生代谢沉默基因簇的调控

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101605

Jie Zeng , Yu Cao , Yihan Guo , Dongyou Xiang , Jiale Wang , Qingrui Xu , Xiaoqiang Lang , Hui Xu , Yi Cao

The silencing of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) is a widespread phenomenon in fungal secondary metabolism. Traditional environmental induction strategies often fail to effectively activate these silent BGCs, whereas global transcription factor regulation has emerged as a powerful strategy for their activation. Therefore, this study focuses on Velvet family transcription factors VosA and VelB, investigating their functions in Aspergillus sydowii H-1 and their regulatory role in activating silent gene clusters. Phenotypic analyses revealed that AsvelB influence conidiation, colony morphology. Disruption or overexpression of AsvosA or AsvelB resulted in impaired cell wall integrity (CWI). Furthermore, the knockout strains ΔAsvelB and ΔAsvosA exhibited elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. These findings highlight their roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis and fungal physiology. Semi-quantitative PCR analysis of 19 type I polyketide synthase (PKS) genes revealed that AsvosA and AsvelB exert global regulatory effects on secondary metabolism in H-1. EVM0012129.1 was identified as a candidate PKS gene highly associated with purple pigment biosynthesis through semi-quantitative PCR and qPCR analyses. Overexpression of AsvosA enhanced purple pigment production specifically in conidia and upregulated EVM0012129.1, further supporting its critical role in pigment synthesis. These findings provide new insights into the regulatory network of AsvosA and AsvelB, highlighting their potential applications in fungal biology and metabolic engineering.

生物合成基因簇（BGCs）的沉默是真菌次生代谢中普遍存在的现象。传统的环境诱导策略往往不能有效地激活这些沉默的bgc，而全球转录因子调控已经成为激活它们的有力策略。因此，本研究以丝绒家族转录因子VosA和VelB为研究对象，探讨其在西多曲霉H-1中的功能及其在沉默基因簇激活中的调控作用。表型分析显示AsvelB影响孢子萌发、菌落形态。AsvosA或AsvelB的破坏或过表达导致细胞壁完整性受损（CWI）。此外，敲除菌株ΔAsvelB和ΔAsvosA表现出细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平升高。这些发现强调了它们在维持细胞稳态和真菌生理学中的作用。对19个I型聚酮合成酶（PKS）基因的半定量PCR分析显示，AsvosA和AsvelB对H-1的次生代谢具有全局调控作用。通过半定量PCR和qPCR分析，EVM0012129.1为紫色色素生物合成高度相关的PKS候选基因。AsvosA的过表达增强了紫色色素的产生，特别是在分生孢子中，并上调了EVM0012129.1，进一步支持了其在色素合成中的关键作用。这些发现为AsvosA和AsvelB的调控网络提供了新的见解，突出了它们在真菌生物学和代谢工程中的潜在应用。

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引用次数: 0

The role of Pep4 protease in Cryptococcus neoformans cell survival and virulence factors Pep4蛋白酶在新生隐球菌细胞存活及毒力因子中的作用

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101611

Gabrielle Felizardo , Adrián Adolfo Álvarez Padilla , Amanda Teixeira de Melo , Ricardo Ferreira Lima , Grasielle Pereira Jannuzzi , Kevin Felipe Cruz Martho , Sandro Rogério de Almeida , Karen Spadari Ferreira , Renata Castiglioni Pascon , Marcelo Afonso Vallim

Cryptococcosis is a systemic mycosis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans with significant clinical importance, mainly affecting immunodeficient patients. The treatment options are limited to a few drugs, and resistance to them has been reported. Therefore, research is essential to broaden knowledge regarding the biology of this yeast, aiming to identify traits that could serve as new targets for antifungal drugs. This study aims to expand the current understanding of the autophagy process in this pathogenic yeast. Autophagy is a conserved intracellular degradation and recycling process among eukaryotes, indispensable in cellular homeostasis. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the PEP4 gene encodes a protease required during the final stages of autophagy, playing a role in the maturation and activation of vacuolar hydrolases, which contributes to cell survival under conditions of nutritional deprivation and stress. However, PEP4 has never been studied in C. neoformans. Thus, we evaluated the impact of PEP4 deletion on the expression of virulence factors and the cell response to multiple stress conditions. Our results demonstrated that the pep4Δ mutant exhibited attenuated virulence in Galleria mellonella and a decreased fungal burden in macrophages. Notably, we observed the accumulation of autophagic bodies in the pep4Δ strain under nutrient starvation, suggesting a defect in the final steps of autophagic degradation. These findings suggest that the Pep4 protein of C. neoformans plays a crucial role in vacuolar function and the adaptation and survival of yeast cells under stressful conditions, as well as in the host–pathogen interaction.

隐球菌病是一种由新型隐球菌引起的全身性真菌病，临床意义重大，主要影响免疫缺陷患者。治疗选择仅限于几种药物，并且据报道对这些药物产生了耐药性。因此，研究是必要的，以扩大对这种酵母的生物学知识，旨在确定性状，可以作为抗真菌药物的新靶点。本研究旨在扩大目前对这种致病酵母的自噬过程的认识。自噬是一种保守的真核生物细胞内降解和循环过程，在细胞稳态中不可或缺。在酿酒酵母中，PEP4基因编码自噬最后阶段所需的蛋白酶，在液泡水解酶的成熟和激活中发挥作用，这有助于在营养剥夺和应激条件下的细胞存活。然而，从未在新生C.中研究过PEP4。因此，我们评估了PEP4缺失对毒力因子表达和细胞对多种应激条件的反应的影响。我们的研究结果表明，pep4Δ突变体在mellonella中表现出减弱的毒力，并减少了巨噬细胞的真菌负荷。值得注意的是，我们观察到pep4Δ菌株在营养饥饿下自噬小体的积累，这表明自噬降解的最后步骤存在缺陷。这些发现表明，新形态酵母的Pep4蛋白在液泡功能、酵母细胞在应激条件下的适应和存活以及宿主-病原体相互作用中起着至关重要的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms of the 8-day infection cycle of Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei in Litopenaeus vannamei and the host's molecular responses 转录组分析揭示了凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei） 8天感染周期的分子机制和宿主的分子反应

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101613

Yan Rong , Yi Qiao , Tingyue Liu , Xiaohui Cao , Ge Jiang , Jie Cheng , Huiwen Jiang , Xianping Fan , Hui Shen

Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei (EHP), an emerging microsporidian, has caused significant economic losses to the Asian aquaculture industry. This study investigates the infection dynamics of EHP through deep transcriptomic sequencing of infected shrimp samples at different time points. The analysis revealed distinct periodic changes in metabolism, immune response, and DNA repair during EHP infection. Shrimp rapidly mobilize energy metabolism and activate immune pathways in the early stage (day 2), followed by immune suppression and metabolic regulation in the mid-stage (days 4–6), and enhanced immune responses by day 8. Trend analysis supports an 8-day infection cycle, with periodic changes in gene expression profiles, especially in energy metabolism, protein synthesis and degradation, and immune responses. Host gene expression displays a phased response aligning with EHP proliferation and its life cycle. EHP's gene expression also shows periodicity, with upregulation of proliferation-associated genes on days 4 and 10. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified key gene modules related to metabolic adaptation and immune suppression, indicating EHP's adaptation to the host environment. The study reveals a cyclical pattern of interaction between EHP and its host, providing insights into EHP's pathogenic mechanisms.

肝芽胞核孢子虫（EHP）是一种新兴的微孢子虫，给亚洲水产养殖业造成了重大的经济损失。本研究通过对不同时间点感染的对虾样本进行深度转录组测序来研究EHP的感染动态。分析显示，在EHP感染期间，代谢、免疫反应和DNA修复发生了明显的周期性变化。对虾在早期（第2天）迅速调动能量代谢和激活免疫途径，中期（第4-6天）进行免疫抑制和代谢调节，第8天免疫应答增强。趋势分析支持8天的感染周期，基因表达谱的周期性变化，特别是在能量代谢、蛋白质合成和降解以及免疫反应方面。宿主基因表达表现出与EHP增殖及其生命周期一致的阶段性反应。EHP基因表达也具有周期性，增殖相关基因在第4天和第10天表达上调。加权基因共表达网络分析（Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis， WGCNA）鉴定出与代谢适应和免疫抑制相关的关键基因模块，表明EHP对宿主环境具有适应性。该研究揭示了EHP与其宿主之间相互作用的周期性模式，为EHP的致病机制提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Celebrating the fifth edition of the International Symposium on Fungal Stress – ISFUS, a decade after its 2014 debut 庆祝第五届国际真菌胁迫研讨会- ISFUS，在2014年首次亮相十年后

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101590

Alene Alder-Rangel , Amanda E.A. Rangel , Arturo Casadevall , Asiya Gusa , Chaoyang Xue , Charles M. Boone , Chris Todd Hittinger , Claudio A. Masuda , Consuelo Olivares-Yañez , Deborah Bell-Pedersen , Erica J. Washington , Gerhard Braus , Guilhem Janbon , István Pócsi , Jason E. Stajich , Jay C. Dunlap , Joan W. Bennett , Joseph Heitman , Ling Lu , Lucia Landi , Drauzio E.N. Rangel

The Fifth International Symposium on Fungal Stress (ISFUS) brought together in Brazil many of the leaders in the field of fungal stress responses, from fourteen countries, for four days of outstanding science ranging from basic research to studies with agricultural, medical, industrial, and environmental significance. In addition to the excellent oral and poster presentations, the Symposium organisers ensured that all participants had ample opportunity to engage, socialise, and network to exchange ideas and share research. The conference was enhanced by the world-class venue near Iguazu Falls, probably the greatest natural phenomenon in South America.

第五届真菌胁迫国际研讨会（ISFUS）汇集了来自14个国家的真菌胁迫反应领域的许多领导人，在巴西进行了为期四天的杰出科学研究，从基础研究到具有农业、医学、工业和环境意义的研究。除了出色的口头和海报展示，研讨会组织者确保所有参与者都有充分的机会参与，社交和网络交流思想和分享研究。伊瓜苏瀑布可能是南美洲最壮观的自然景观，而在伊瓜苏瀑布附近的世界级会场使会议更加精彩。

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