Frontiers of Optoelectronics最新文献

Direct X-ray detectors based on semiconductors have drawn great attention from researchers in the pursuing of higher imaging quality. However, many previous works focused on the optimization of detection performances but seldomly watch them in an overall view and analyze how they will influence the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) value. Here, we propose a numerical model which shows the quantitative relationship between DQE and the properties of X-ray detectors and electric circuits. Our results point out that pursuing high sensitivity only is meaningless. To reduce the medical X-ray dose by 80%, the requirement for X-ray sensitivity is only at a magnitude of 10³ μCGy^-1⋅cm^-2. To achieve the DQE = 0.7 at X-ray sensitivity air from 1248 to 8171 μCGy^-1_air⋅cm^-2, the requirements on dark current density ranges from 10 to 100 nA⋅cm^-2 and the fluctuation of current density should fall in 0.21 to 1.37 nA⋅cm^-2.

A series of Bi³⁺/Eu³⁺ co-doped Ca₂Ta₂O₇ (CTO:Bi³⁺/Eu³⁺) phosphors were prepared by high-temperature solid-state method for dual-emission center optical thermometers and white light-emitting diode (WLED) device. By modulating the doping ratio of Bi³⁺/Eu³⁺ and utilizing the energy transfer from Bi³⁺ to Eu³⁺, the tunable color emission ranging from green to reddish-orange was realized. The designed CTO:0.04Bi³⁺/Eu³⁺ optical thermometers exhibit significant thermochromism, superior stability, and repeatability, with maximum sensitivities of S_a = 0.055 K^-1 (at 510 K) and S_r = 1.298% K^-1 (at 480 K) within the temperature range of 300-510 K, owing to the different thermal quenching behaviors between Bi³⁺ and Eu³⁺ ions. These features indicate the potential application prospects of the prepared samples in visualized thermometer or high-temperature safety marking. Furthermore, leveraging the excellent zero-thermal-quenching performance, outstanding acid/alkali resistance, and color stability of CTO:0.04Bi³⁺/0.16Eu³⁺ phosphor, a WLED device with a high R_a value of 95.3 has been realized through its combination with commercially available blue and green phosphors, thereby demonstrating the potential application of CTO:0.04Bi³⁺/0.16Eu³⁺ in near-UV pumped WLED devices.

A Mueller matrix covers all the polarization information of the measured sample, however the combination of its 16 elements is sometimes not intuitive enough to describe and identify the key characteristics of polarization changes. Within the Poincaré sphere system, this study achieves a spatial representation of the Mueller matrix: the Global-Polarization Stokes Ellipsoid (GPSE). With the help of Monte Carlo simulations combined with anisotropic tissue models, three basic characteristic parameters of GPSE are proposed and explained, where the V parameter represents polarization maintenance ability, and the E and D_† parameters represent the degree of anisotropy. Furthermore, based on GPSE system, a dynamic analysis of skeletal muscle dehydration process demonstrates the monitoring effect of GPSE from an application perspective, while confirming its robustness and accuracy.

Restricted by the lighting conditions, the images captured at night tend to suffer from color aberration, noise, and other unfavorable factors, making it difficult for subsequent vision-based applications. To solve this problem, we propose a two-stage size-controllable low-light enhancement method, named Dual Fusion Enhancement Net (DFEN). The whole algorithm is built on a double U-Net structure, implementing brightness adjustment and detail revision respectively. A dual branch feature fusion module is adopted to enhance its ability of feature extraction and aggregation. We also design a learnable regularized attention module to balance the enhancement effect on different regions. Besides, we introduce a cosine training strategy to smooth the transition of the training target from the brightness adjustment stage to the detail revision stage during the training process. The proposed DFEN is tested on several low-light datasets, and the experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm achieves superior enhancement results with the similar parameters. It is worth noting that the lightest DFEN model reaches 11 FPS for image size of 1224×1024 in an RTX 3090 GPU.

In this paper, we propose a deformed Reuleaux-triangle resonator (RTR) to form exceptional point (EP) which results in the detection sensitivity enhancement of nanoparticle. After introducing single nanoparticle to the deformed RTR at EP, frequency splitting obtains an enhancement of more than 6 times compared with non-deformed RTR. In addition, EP induced a result that the far field pattern of chiral mode responses significantly to external perturbation, corresponding to the change in internal chirality. Therefore, single nanoparticle with far distance of more than 4000 nm can be detected by measuring the variation of far field directional emission. Compared to traditional frequency splitting, the far field pattern produced in deformed RTR provides a cost-effective and convenient path to detect single nanoparticle at a long distance, without using tunable laser and external coupler. Our structure indicates great potential in high sensitivity sensor and label-free detector.

On-chip optical power monitors are indispensable for functional implementation and stabilization of large-scale and complex photonic integrated circuits (PICs). Traditional on-chip optical monitoring is implemented by tapping a small portion of optical power from the waveguide, which leads to significant loss. Due to its advantages like non-invasive nature, miniaturization, and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process compatibility, a transparent monitor named the contactless integrated photonic probe (CLIPP), has been attracting great attention in recent years. The CLIPP indirectly monitors the optical power in the waveguide by detecting the conductance variation of the local optical waveguide caused by the surface state absorption (SSA) effect. In this review, we first introduce the fundamentals of the CLIPP including the concept, the equivalent electric model and the impedance read-out method, and then summarize some characteristics of the CLIPP. Finally, the functional applications of the CLIPP on the identification and feedback control of optical signal are discussed, followed by a brief outlook on the prospects of the CLIPP.

Cost-effective soft imprint lithography technique is used to prepare flexible thin polymeric surfaces containing a periodic arrangement of nanodimples and nanobumps of sub-micron size. Using a single master mold of self-assembled colloidal crystal, metasurfaces with different depths and heights of patterns with a fixed pitch are possible, which makes the process inexpensive and simple. These metasurfaces are studied for their diffuse and total transmission and reflection spectra in the visible range. The transmission haze and reflection haze are calculated from the measurements. The surface containing nanobumps of lesser pattern height result in higher values of reflection and transmission haze than from surfaces containing nanodimples of much higher depth for the same pitch. The haze is more dependent on the pattern depth or height and less dependent on the pitch of the pattern. Far-field transmission profiles measured in the same wavelength range from the patterned surfaces show that the scattering increases with the increase of the ratio of pattern depth/height to pitch, similar to the haze measurements conducted with a closed integrating sphere. These profiles show that the angular spread of scattered light in transmission is within 10°, explaining the reason for the relatively low transmission haze in all the patterned surfaces. Simulation results confirm that the nanobump pattern gives higher transmission haze compared to nanodimple pattern. By controlling the ratio of pattern depth/height to pitch of the features on these surfaces, both an increase in optical haze and a balance between total reflection intensity and total transmission intensity can be achieved.

The inadequate stability of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites remains a significant barrier to their widespread commercial application in optoelectronic devices. Aging phenomena profoundly affect the optoelectronic performance of perovskite-based devices. In addition to enhancing perovskite stability, the real-time detection of aging status, aimed at monitoring the aging progression, holds paramount importance for both fundamental research and the commercialization of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites. In this study, the aging status of perovskite was real-time investigated by using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Our analysis consistently revealed a gradual decline in the intensity of the absorption peak at 0.968 THz with increasing perovskite aging. Furthermore, a systematic discussion was conducted on the variations in intensity and position of the terahertz absorption peaks as the perovskite aged. These findings facilitate the real-time assessment of perovskite aging, providing a promising method to expedite the commercialization of perovskite-based optoelectronic devices.

This study presents a high-accuracy, all-fiber mode division multiplexing (MDM) reconstructive spectrometer (RS). The MDM was achieved by utilizing a custom-designed 3 × 1 mode-selective photonics lantern to launch distinct spatial modes into the multimode fiber (MMF). This facilitated the information transmission by increasing light scattering processes, thereby encoding the optical spectra more comprehensively into speckle patterns. Spectral resolution of 2 pm and the recovery of 2000 spectral channels were accomplished. Compared to methods employing single-mode excitation and two-mode excitation, the three-mode excitation method reduced the recovered error by 88% and 50% respectively. A resolution enhancement approach based on alternating mode modulation was proposed, reaching the MMF limit for the 3 dB bandwidth of the spectral correlation function. The proof-of-concept study can be further extended to encompass diverse programmable mode excitations. It is not only succinct and highly efficient but also well-suited for a variety of high-accuracy, high-resolution spectral measurement scenarios.