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Pump quantum efficiency optimization of 3.5 μm Er-doped ZBLAN fiber laser for high-power operation. 3.5μm掺铒ZBLAN光纤激光器的泵浦量子效率优化。
IF 5.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00089-w
Lu Zhang, Shijie Fu, Quan Sheng, Xuewen Luo, Junxiang Zhang, Wei Shi, Jianquan Yao

976 nm + 1976 nm dual-wavelength pumped Er-doped ZBLAN fiber lasers are generally accepted as the preferred solution for achieving 3.5 μm lasing. However, the 2 μm band excited state absorption from the upper lasing level (4F9/2 → 4F7/2) depletes the Er ions population inversion, reducing the pump quantum efficiency and limiting the power scaling. In this work, we demonstrate that the pump quantum efficiency can be effectively improved by using a long-wavelength pump with lower excited state absorption rate. A 3.5 μm Er-doped ZBLAN fiber laser was built and its performances at different pump wavelengths were experimentally investigated in detail. A maximum output power at 3.46 μm of ~ 7.2 W with slope efficiency (with respect to absorbed 1990 nm pump power) of 41.2% was obtained with an optimized pump wavelength of 1990 nm, and the pump quantum efficiency was increased to 0.957 compared with the 0.819 for the conventional 1976 nm pumping scheme. Further power scaling was only limited by the available 1990 nm pump power. A numerical simulation was implemented to evaluate the cross section of excited state absorption via a theoretical fitting of experimental results. The potential of further power scaling was also discussed, based on the developed model.

976纳米 + 1976nm双波长泵浦掺铒ZBLAN光纤激光器通常被认为是实现3.5μm激光的优选解决方案。然而,来自较高激光能级的2μm波段激发态吸收(4F9/2 → 4F7/2)耗尽了Er离子布居反转、降低了泵浦量子效率并限制了功率缩放。在这项工作中,我们证明了使用具有较低激发态吸收率的长波长泵浦可以有效地提高泵浦量子效率。建立了一个3.5μm掺铒ZBLAN光纤激光器,并对其在不同泵浦波长下的性能进行了详细的实验研究。最大输出功率为3.46μm ~ 在优化的泵浦波长为1990nm的情况下,获得了斜率效率(相对于吸收的1990nm泵浦功率)为41.2%的7.2W,并且与常规1976nm泵浦方案的0.819相比,泵浦量子效率增加到0.957。进一步的功率缩放仅受到可用的1990nm泵浦功率的限制。通过对实验结果的理论拟合,对激发态吸收的截面进行了数值模拟。基于所开发的模型,还讨论了进一步功率缩放的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Study on the performance of thin-film VCSELs on composite metal substrate. 薄膜VCSEL在复合金属衬底上的性能研究。
IF 5.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00086-z
William Anderson Lee Sanchez, Shreekant Sinha, Po-Yu Wang, Ray-Hua Horng

Thin film p-side up vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with 940 nm wavelength on a composite metal (Copper/Invar/Copper; CIC) substrate has been demonstrated by twice-bonding transfer and substrate removing techniques. The CIC substrate is a sandwich structure with a 10 µm thick Copper (Cu) layer/30 µm thick Invar layer/10 µm thick Cu layer. The Invar layer was composed of Iron (Fe) and Nickel (Ni) with a proportion of 70:30. The thermal expansion coefficient of the composite CIC metal can match that of the GaAs substrate. It results that the VCSEL layers can be successfully transferred to CIC metal substrate without cracking. At 1 mA current, the top-emitting VCSEL/GaAs and thin-film VCSEL/CIC had a voltage of 1.39 and 1.37 V, respectively. The optical output powers of VCSEL/GaAs and VCSEL/CIC were 21.91 and 24.40 mW, respectively. The 50 µm thick CIC substrate can play a good heat dissipation function, which results in improving the electrical and optical characteristics of thin film VCSELs/CIC. The VCSEL/CIC exhibited a superior thermal management capability as compared with VCSEL/GaAs. The obtained data suggested that VCSELs on a composite metal substrate not only affected significantly the characteristics of thin film VCSEL, but also improved considerably the device thermal performance.

通过两次键合转移和衬底去除技术,在复合金属(铜/因瓦/铜;CIC)衬底上展示了波长为940nm的薄膜p侧上垂直腔表面发射激光器(VCSEL)。CIC衬底是具有10µm厚铜(Cu)层/30µm厚因瓦层/10µm厚Cu层的夹层结构。Invar层由铁(Fe)和镍(Ni)以70:30的比例组成。复合CIC金属的热膨胀系数可以与GaAs衬底的热膨胀率相匹配。结果表明,VCSEL层可以成功地转移到CIC金属衬底上而不会破裂。在1mA电流下,顶部发射VCSEL/GaAs和薄膜VCSEL/CIC的电压分别为1.39和1.37V。VCSEL/GaAs和VCSEL/CIC的光输出功率分别为21.91和24.40mW。50µm厚的CIC衬底可以发挥良好的散热功能,从而改善薄膜VCSEL/CIC的电学和光学特性。与VCSEL/GaAs相比,VCSEL/CIC表现出优越的热管理能力。所得数据表明,复合金属衬底上的VCSEL不仅显著影响了薄膜VCSEL的特性,而且显著改善了器件的热性能。
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引用次数: 0
Monolithic tapered Yb-doped fiber chirped pulse amplifier delivering 126 μJ and 207 MW femtosecond laser with near diffraction-limited beam quality. 单片锥形掺镱光纤啁啾脉冲放大器,输出126μJ和207MW飞秒激光,光束质量接近衍射极限。
IF 5.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00087-y
Tao Wang, Bo Ren, Can Li, Kun Guo, Jinyong Leng, Pu Zhou

In this work, a high-energy and high peak power chirped pulse amplification system with near diffraction-limited beam quality based on tapered confined-doped fiber (TCF) is experimentally demonstrated. The TCF has a core numerical aperture of 0.07 with core/cladding diameter of 35/250 µm at the thin end and 56/400 μm at the thick end. With a backward-pumping configuration, a maximum single pulse energy of 177.9 μJ at a repetition rate of 504 kHz is realized, corresponding to an average power of 89.7 W. Through partially compensating for the accumulated nonlinear phase during the amplification process via adjusting the high order dispersion of the stretching chirped fiber Bragg grating, the duration of the amplified pulse is compressed to 401 fs with a pulse energy of 126.3 μJ and a peak power of 207 MW, which to the best of our knowledge represents the highest peak power ever reported from a monolithic ultrafast fiber laser. At the highest energy, the polarization extinction ratio and the M2 factor were respectively measured to be ~ 19 dB and 1.20. In addition, the corresponding intensity noise properties as well as the short- and long-term stability were also examined, verifying a stable operation of the system. It is believed that the demonstrated laser source could find important applications in, for example, advanced manufacturing and photomedicine.

本文实验证明了一种基于锥形约束掺杂光纤(TCF)的具有近衍射限制光束质量的高能高峰值功率啁啾脉冲放大系统。TCF的纤芯数值孔径为0.07,纤芯/包层直径在薄端为35/250µm,在厚端为56/400μm。在反向泵浦配置下,在504kHz的重复频率下实现了177.9μJ的最大单脉冲能量,对应于89.7W的平均功率。通过调整拉伸啁啾光纤布拉格光栅的高阶色散来部分补偿放大过程中累积的非线性相位,放大脉冲的持续时间被压缩到401fs,脉冲能量为126.3μJ,峰值功率为207MW,据我们所知,这代表了单片超快光纤激光器有史以来的最高峰值功率。在最高能量下,偏振消光比和M2因子分别测量为 ~ 19dB和1.20。此外,还检查了相应的强度噪声特性以及短期和长期稳定性,验证了系统的稳定运行。据信,所展示的激光源可以在先进制造和光医疗等领域找到重要应用。
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引用次数: 0
Upconversion luminescence and optical thermometry behaviors of Yb3+ and Ho3+ co-doped GYTO crystal. Yb3+和Ho3+共掺杂GYTO晶体的上转换发光和光学测温行为。
IF 5.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00083-2
Chuancheng Zhang, Shoujun Ding, Miaomiao Wang, Hao Ren, Xubing Tang, Yong Zou, Renqin Dou, Wenpeng Liu

Optical thermometry based on the upconversion (UC) luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) has attracted considerable attention because of its feasibility for achievement of accurate non-contact temperature measurement. Compared with traditional UC phosphors, optical thermometry based on UC single crystals can achieve faster response and higher sensitivity due to the stability and high thermal conductivity of the single crystals. In this study, a high-quality 5 at% Yb3+ and 1 at% Ho3+ co-doped Gd0.74Y0.2TaO4 single crystal was grown by the Czochralski (Cz) method, and the structure of the as-grown crystal was characterized. Importantly, the UC luminescent properties and optical thermometry behaviors of this crystal were revealed. Under 980 nm wavelength excitation, green and red UC luminescence lines at 550 and 650 nm and corresponding to the 5F4/5S2 → 5I8 and 5F5 → 5I8 transitions of Ho3+, respectively, were observed. The green and red UC emissions involved a two-photon mechanism, as evidenced by the analysis of power-dependent UC emission spectra. The temperature-dependent UC emission spectra were measured in the temperature range of 330-660 K to assess the optical temperature sensing behavior. At 660 K, the maximum relative sensing sensitivity (Sr) was determined to be 0.0037 K-1. These results highlight the significant potential of Yb,Ho:GYTO single crystal for optical temperature sensors.

基于上转换(UC)发光强度比(LIR)的光学测温由于其实现精确非接触式温度测量的可行性而引起了人们的广泛关注。与传统的UC磷光体相比,基于UC单晶的光学测温由于单晶的稳定性和高导热性,可以实现更快的响应和更高的灵敏度。本研究采用直拉法生长了高质量的5at%Yb3+和1at%Ho3+共掺杂Gd0.74Y0.2TaO4单晶,并对其结构进行了表征。重要的是,揭示了该晶体的UC发光特性和光学测温行为。在980nm波长激发下,绿色和红色UC在550和650nm处发光,对应于5F4/5S2 → 5I8和5F5 → 观察到Ho3+的5I8跃迁。绿色和红色UC发射涉及双光子机制,功率相关UC发射光谱的分析证明了这一点。在330-660K的温度范围内测量与温度相关的UC发射光谱,以评估光学温度传感行为。在660K下,最大相对感测灵敏度(Sr)被确定为0.0037K-1。这些结果突出了Yb,Ho:GYTO单晶在光学温度传感器中的巨大潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Multimode sensing based on optical microcavities. 基于光学微腔的多模传感。
IF 5.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00084-1
Yanran Wu, Bing Duan, Changhong Li, Daquan Yang

Optical microcavities have the ability to confine photons in small mode volumes for long periods of time, greatly enhancing light-matter interactions, and have become one of the research hotspots in international academia. In recent years, sensing applications in complex environments have inspired the development of multimode optical microcavity sensors. These multimode sensors can be used not only for multi-parameter detection but also to improve measurement precision. In this review, we introduce multimode sensing methods based on optical microcavities and present an overview of the multimode single/multi-parameter optical microcavities sensors. Expected further research activities are also put forward.

光学微腔具有将光子长时间限制在小模体积内的能力,极大地增强了光与物质的相互作用,已成为国际学术界的研究热点之一。近年来,复杂环境中的传感应用激发了多模光学微腔传感器的发展。这些多模传感器不仅可以用于多参数检测,还可以提高测量精度。在这篇综述中,我们介绍了基于光学微腔的多模传感方法,并概述了多模单/多参数光学微腔传感器。还提出了预期的进一步研究活动。
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引用次数: 0
Fluoride passivation of ZnO electron transport layers for efficient PbSe colloidal quantum dot photovoltaics. 用于高效PbSe胶体量子点光伏的ZnO电子传输层的氟化物钝化。
IF 5.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00082-3
Jungang He, You Ge, Ya Wang, Mohan Yuan, Hang Xia, Xingchen Zhang, Xiao Chen, Xia Wang, Xianchang Zhou, Kanghua Li, Chao Chen, Jiang Tang

Lead selenide (PbSe) colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are suitable for the development of the next-generation of photovoltaics (PVs) because of efficient multiple-exciton generation and strong charge coupling ability. To date, the reported high-efficient PbSe CQD PVs use spin-coated zinc oxide (ZnO) as the electron transport layer (ETL). However, it is found that the surface defects of ZnO present a difficulty in completion of passivation, and this impedes the continuous progress of devices. To address this disadvantage, fluoride (F) anions are employed for the surface passivation of ZnO through a chemical bath deposition method (CBD). The F-passivated ZnO ETL possesses decreased densities of oxygen vacancy and a favorable band alignment. Benefiting from these improvements, PbSe CQD PVs report an efficiency of 10.04%, comparatively 9.4% higher than that of devices using sol-gel (SG) ZnO as ETL. We are optimistic that this interface passivation strategy has great potential in the development of solution-processed CQD optoelectronic devices.

硒化铅(PbSe)胶体量子点(CQDs)具有高效的多激子产生和强的电荷耦合能力,适合于下一代光伏技术的发展。迄今为止,已报道的高效PbSe-CQD PV使用旋涂氧化锌(ZnO)作为电子传输层(ETL)。然而,研究发现,ZnO的表面缺陷很难完成钝化,这阻碍了器件的不断发展。为了解决这一缺点,通过化学浴沉积法(CBD)将氟(F)阴离子用于ZnO的表面钝化。F钝化的ZnO ETL具有降低的氧空位密度和良好的能带排列。得益于这些改进,PbSe CQD PV的效率为1004%,比使用溶胶-凝胶(SG)ZnO作为ETL的器件高出9.4%。我们乐观地认为,这种界面钝化策略在溶液处理CQD光电子器件的开发中具有巨大潜力。
{"title":"Fluoride passivation of ZnO electron transport layers for efficient PbSe colloidal quantum dot photovoltaics.","authors":"Jungang He,&nbsp;You Ge,&nbsp;Ya Wang,&nbsp;Mohan Yuan,&nbsp;Hang Xia,&nbsp;Xingchen Zhang,&nbsp;Xiao Chen,&nbsp;Xia Wang,&nbsp;Xianchang Zhou,&nbsp;Kanghua Li,&nbsp;Chao Chen,&nbsp;Jiang Tang","doi":"10.1007/s12200-023-00082-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12200-023-00082-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lead selenide (PbSe) colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are suitable for the development of the next-generation of photovoltaics (PVs) because of efficient multiple-exciton generation and strong charge coupling ability. To date, the reported high-efficient PbSe CQD PVs use spin-coated zinc oxide (ZnO) as the electron transport layer (ETL). However, it is found that the surface defects of ZnO present a difficulty in completion of passivation, and this impedes the continuous progress of devices. To address this disadvantage, fluoride (F) anions are employed for the surface passivation of ZnO through a chemical bath deposition method (CBD). The F-passivated ZnO ETL possesses decreased densities of oxygen vacancy and a favorable band alignment. Benefiting from these improvements, PbSe CQD PVs report an efficiency of 10.04%, comparatively 9.4% higher than that of devices using sol-gel (SG) ZnO as ETL. We are optimistic that this interface passivation strategy has great potential in the development of solution-processed CQD optoelectronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":12685,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Optoelectronics","volume":"16 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10611680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54228759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stable PbS colloidal quantum dot inks enable blade-coating infrared solar cells. 稳定的PbS胶体量子点油墨能够实现红外太阳能电池的刀片涂层。
IF 5.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00085-0
Xinzhao Zhao, Mingyu Li, Tianjun Ma, Jun Yan, Gomaa Mohamed Gomaa Khalaf, Chao Chen, Hsien-Yi Hsu, Haisheng Song, Jiang Tang

Infrared solar cells are more effective than normal bandgap solar cells at reducing the spectral loss in the near-infrared region, thus also at broadening the absorption spectra and improving power conversion efficiency. PbS colloidal quantum dots (QDs) with tunable bandgap are ideal infrared photovoltaic materials. However, QD solar cell production suffers from small-area-based spin-coating fabrication methods and unstable QD ink. Herein, the QD ink stability mechanism was fully investigated according to Lewis acid-base theory and colloid stability theory. We further studied a mixed solvent system using dimethylformamide and butylamine, compatible with the scalable manufacture of method-blade coating. Based on the ink system, 100 cm2 of uniform and dense near-infrared PbS QDs (~ 0.96 eV) film was successfully prepared by blade coating. The average efficiencies of above absorber-based devices reached 11.14% under AM1.5G illumination, and the 800 nm-filtered efficiency achieved 4.28%. Both were the top values among blade coating method based devices. The newly developed ink showed excellent stability, and the device performance based on the ink stored for 7 h was similar to that of fresh ink. The matched solvent system for stable PbS QD ink represents a crucial step toward large area blade coating photoelectric devices.

红外太阳能电池在减少近红外区域的光谱损耗方面比普通带隙太阳能电池更有效,因此在拓宽吸收光谱和提高功率转换效率方面也更有效。带隙可调的PbS胶体量子点是理想的红外光伏材料。然而,QD太阳能电池的生产受到基于小面积的旋涂制造方法和不稳定的QD油墨的影响。本文根据路易斯酸碱理论和胶体稳定性理论,对QD油墨的稳定性机理进行了全面的研究。我们进一步研究了一种使用二甲基甲酰胺和丁胺的混合溶剂系统,该系统与可扩展的刮刀涂层生产相兼容。基于油墨系统,100cm2均匀且致密的近红外PbS量子点(~ 0.96eV)薄膜。在AM1.5G光照下,上述基于吸收体的器件的平均效率达到11.14%,800nm的过滤效率达到4.28%,两者都是基于刮刀涂布法的器件中的最高值。新开发的油墨显示出优异的稳定性,并且基于储存7小时的油墨的装置性能与新鲜油墨相似。用于稳定PbS QD油墨的匹配溶剂系统代表着向大面积刮刀涂覆光电器件迈出的关键一步。
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引用次数: 0
Widely tunable and high resolution mid-infrared laser based on BaGa4Se7 optical parametric oscillator. 基于BaGa4Se7光学参量振荡器的宽调谐高分辨率中红外激光器。
IF 5.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00077-0
Qing Ye, Hui Kong, Jintian Bian, Jiyong Yao, Enlong Wang, Yunlong Wu, Haiping Xu, Kaihua Wen, Yihua Hu

The widely tunable and high resolution mid-infrared laser based on a BaGa4Se7 (BGSe) optical parametric oscillator (OPO) was demonstrated. A wavelength tuning range of 2.76-4.64 μm and a wavelength tuning resolution of about 0.3 nm were obtained by a BGSe (56.3°, 0°) OPO, which was pumped by a 1064 nm laser. It is the narrowest reported wavelength tuning resolution for BGSe OPO, and was obtained by simultaneously controlling the angle and temperature of BGSe.

介绍了一种基于BaGa4Se7(BGSe)光学参量振荡器(OPO)的宽调谐高分辨率中红外激光器。用1064nm激光泵浦的BGSe(56.3°,0°)OPO获得了2.76-4.64μm的波长调谐范围和约0.3nm的波长调谐分辨率。这是BGSe OPO的最窄波长调谐分辨率,是通过同时控制BGSe的角度和温度获得的。
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引用次数: 0
Inorganic A-site cations improve the performance of band-edge carriers in lead halide perovskites. 无机A位阳离子改善了卤化铅钙钛矿中带边载流子的性能。
IF 5.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00078-z
Cheng Wang, Yaoguang Rong, Ti Wang

In lead halide perovskites, organic A-site cations are generally introduced to fine-tune the properties. One of the questions under debate is whether organic A-site cations are essential for high-performance solar cells. In this study, we compare the band edge carrier dynamics and diffusion process in MAPbBr3 and CsPbBr3 single-crystal microplates. By transient absorption microscopy, the band-edge carrier diffusion constants are unraveled. With the replacement of inorganic A-site cations, the diffusion constant in CsPbBr3 increases almost 8 times compared to that in MAPbBr3. This work reveals that introducing inorganic A-site cations can lead to a much larger diffusion length and improve the performance of band-edge carriers.

在卤化铅钙钛矿中,通常引入有机A位阳离子来微调其性质。争论中的一个问题是有机A位阳离子是否对高性能太阳能电池至关重要。在本研究中,我们比较了MAPbBr3和CsPbBr3单晶微孔板中的带边载流子动力学和扩散过程。通过瞬态吸收显微镜,揭示了带边载流子的扩散常数。随着无机A位阳离子的取代,CsPbBr3中的扩散常数比MAPbBr3增加了近8倍。这项工作表明,引入无机A位阳离子可以导致更大的扩散长度,并提高带边载流子的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Massive and parallel 10 Tbit/s physical random bit generation with chaotic microcomb. 大规模并行的10Tbit/s物理随机比特生成与混沌微梳。
IF 5.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00081-4
Yuqi Hu, Qingsong Bai, Xi Tang, Wei Xiong, Yilu Wu, Xin Zhang, Yanlan Xiao, Runchang Du, Leiji Liu, Guangqiong Xia, Zhengmao Wu, Junbo Yang, Heng Zhou, Jiagui Wu

Ultrafast physical random bit (PRB) generators and integrated schemes have proven to be valuable in a broad range of scientific and technological applications. In this study, we experimentally demonstrated a PRB scheme with a chaotic microcomb using a chip-scale integrated resonator. A microcomb contained hundreds of chaotic channels, and each comb tooth functioned as an entropy source for the PRB. First, a 12 Gbits/s PRB signal was obtained for each tooth channel with proper post-processing and passed the NIST Special Publication 800-22 statistical tests. The chaotic microcomb covered a wavelength range from 1430 to 1675 nm with a free spectral range (FSR) of 100 GHz. Consequently, the combined random bit sequence could achieve an ultra-high rate of about 4 Tbits/s (12 Gbits/s × 294 = 3.528 Tbits/s), with 294 teeth in the experimental microcomb. Additionally, denser microcombs were experimentally realized using an integrated resonator with 33.6 GHz FSR. A total of 805 chaotic comb teeth were observed and covered the wavelength range from 1430 to 1670 nm. In each tooth channel, 12 Gbits/s random sequences was generated, which passed the NIST test. Consequently, the total rate of the PRB was approximately 10 Tbits/s (12 Gbits/s × 805 = 9.66 Tbits/s). These results could offer potential chip solutions of Pbits/s PRB with the features of low cost and a high degree of parallelism.

超快物理随机比特(PRB)发生器和集成方案已被证明在广泛的科学和技术应用中具有价值。在这项研究中,我们使用芯片级集成谐振器,通过实验证明了一种具有混沌微梳的PRB方案。一个微梳包含数百个混沌通道,每个梳齿都充当PRB的熵源。首先,通过适当的后处理获得每个齿通道的12Gbits/s PRB信号,并通过NIST特别出版物800-22的统计测试。混沌微梳的波长范围从1430到1675 nm,自由光谱范围(FSR)为100 GHz。因此,组合的随机比特序列可以实现约4Tbits/s(12Gbits/s)的超高速率 × 294 = 3.528Tbits/s),在实验微梳中具有294个齿。此外,使用具有33.6 GHz FSR的集成谐振器,通过实验实现了密度更大的微腔。共观察到805个混沌梳齿,其波长范围为1430至1670nm。在每个齿通道中,生成了12Gbits/s的随机序列,这些序列通过了NIST测试。因此,PRB的总速率约为10 Tbits/s(12 Gbits/s × 805 = 9.66 Tbits/s)。这些结果可以提供具有低成本和高度并行性的潜在Pbits/s PRB芯片解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
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Frontiers of Optoelectronics
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