Geoscience frontiers最新文献

{"title":"Stable chromium isotope fractionation during melt percolation: Implications for chromium isotopic heterogeneity in the mantle","authors":"Haibo Ma ,&nbsp;Li-Juan Xu ,&nbsp;Yu-Wen Su ,&nbsp;Chunyang Liu ,&nbsp;Sheng-Ao Liu ,&nbsp;Jia Liu ,&nbsp;Zezhou Wang ,&nbsp;Guochun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the stable chromium (Cr) isotope variations during melt percolation in the mantle, we analyzed the Cr isotopic compositions of fresh ultramafic rocks from the Balmuccia and Baldissero peridotite massifs located in the Italian Alps. These massifs represent fragments of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle. The samples collected included lherzolites, harzburgites, dunites, and pyroxenites. Lherzolites, formed through 5%–15% fractional melting of a primitive mantle source, exhibited <em>δ</em>⁵³Cr values ranging from −0.13‰ ± 0.03‰ to −0.03‰ ± 0.03‰. These values correlated negatively with Al₂O₃ content, suggesting that partial melting induces Cr isotopic fractionation between the melts and residual peridotites. Harzburgites and dunites, influenced by the silicate melt percolation, displayed distinct <em>δ</em>⁵³Cr values. Notably, dunites not spatially associated with the pyroxenite veins exhibited slightly elevated <em>δ</em>⁵³Cr values (−0.05‰ ± 0.03‰ to 0.10‰ ± 0.03‰) relative to lherzolites. This difference likely resulted from pyroxene dissolution and olivine precipitation during melt percolation processes. However, one dunite sample in direct contact with pyroxenite veins showed lower <em>δ</em>⁵³Cr values (−0.26‰ ± 0.03‰), possibly owing to the kinetic effects during silicate melt percolation. Pyroxenites are formed through the interaction of basaltic melts with the surrounding peridotite via a metasomatic reaction or crystallization in a vein. Most of their <em>δ</em>⁵³Cr values (−0.26‰ ± 0.03‰ to −0.13‰ ± 0.03‰) are positively correlated with MgO contents, suggesting that they were influenced by magmatic differentiation. However, two subsamples from a single clinopyroxenite vein exhibit anomalously low <em>δ</em>⁵³Cr values (−0.30‰ ± 0.03‰ and −0.43‰ ± 0.03‰), which are attributed to kinetic isotopic fractionation during melt-percolation processes. Our findings suggest that melt percolation processes in the mantle contribute to the Cr isotopic heterogeneity observed within the Earth’s mantle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12711,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience frontiers","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 102049"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex cross-regional landslide susceptibility mapping by multi-source domain transfer learning","authors":"Yan Su ,&nbsp;Jiayuan Fu ,&nbsp;Xiaohe Lai ,&nbsp;Chuan Lin ,&nbsp;Lvyun Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiudong Xie ,&nbsp;Jun Jiang ,&nbsp;Yaoxin Chen ,&nbsp;Jingyu Huang ,&nbsp;Wenhong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Landslide susceptibility evaluation plays an important role in disaster prevention and reduction. Feature-based transfer learning (TL) is an effective method for solving landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) in target regions with no available samples. However, as the study area expands, the distribution of landslide types and triggering mechanisms becomes more diverse, leading to performance degradation in models relying on landslide evaluation knowledge from a single source domain due to domain feature shift. To address this, this study proposes a Multi-source Domain Adaptation Convolutional Neural Network (MDACNN), which combines the landslide prediction knowledge learned from two source domains to perform cross-regional LSM in complex large-scale areas. The method is validated through case studies in three regions located in southeastern coastal China and compared with single-source domain TL models (TCA-based models). The results demonstrate that MDACNN effectively integrates transfer knowledge from multiple source domains to learn diverse landslide-triggering mechanisms, thereby significantly reducing prediction bias inherent to single-source domain TL models, achieving an average improvement of 16.58% across all metrics. Moreover, the landslide susceptibility maps generated by MDACNN accurately quantify the spatial distribution of landslide risks in the target area, providing a powerful scientific and technological tool for landslide disaster management and prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12711,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience frontiers","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 102053"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of late-stage passive-roof duplexes in fold-and-thrust belts: Thrusting sequence and thermochronologic constraints from the Northern Apennines (Italy)","authors":"Marco Bonini ,&nbsp;Daniele Maestrelli ,&nbsp;Domenico Montanari ,&nbsp;Federico Sani ,&nbsp;Maria Laura Balestrieri","doi":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Passive-roof duplexes accommodate shortening at the mountain front of many fold-and-thrust belts worldwide. These structures typically manifest at the surface by hinterland-verging backthrusts that decouple thin-skinned thrust sheets from underlying foreland-verging duplexes. Although the main factors controlling the development of passive-roof duplexes have mostly been identified, some of their intrinsic characteristics are still poorly defined. These relate to their spatio-temporal relationships to thrust faults located further inland in orogens, and their ability to transport younger rocks over older ones. This study explores these issues in the Casentino-Romagna axial sector of the Northern Apennines, which expose regional forethrusts and backthrusts. Detailed field mapping and analysis of superposed tectonic structures were integrated with apatite fission-track dating for constraining the timing of rock exhumation and correlated tectonic events. Collectively, the results have allowed us to interpret the evolution of the study area in terms of two main deformation stages. Specifically, a first, long phase (D₁) progressed from NE-directed, in-sequence thrusting (∼18 to ∼10–9 Ma) to late out-of-sequence thrusting (∼8–5 Ma). A successive deformation phase, that we refer to as D₂ (∼4–2 Ma), consisted of backthrusts and associated folds that were ubiquitous and systematically overprinted onto the foreland-verging D₁ structures. Such retrovergent structures identify a late deformation phase dominated by the development of passive-roof duplexes that propagated hinterlandward into the orogen up to beyond the primary watershed ridge. Orogen-scale processes controlled the evolution of forelandward D₁-phase thrusts, although late erosion could have played a major role by bringing the Apennine thrust wedge toward an undercritical state. The latter conditions could have contributed to keeping the out-of-sequence thrusts active, and eventually promoted the development of the D₂ passive-roof duplexes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12711,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience frontiers","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 102048"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of the giant Cretaceous Jiaodong-type orogenic gold province of the North China Craton: A consequence of lithospheric multi-layer reworking","authors":"Qingfei Wang ,&nbsp;Hesen Zhao ,&nbsp;Lin Yang ,&nbsp;David I. Groves ,&nbsp;Jilong Han ,&nbsp;Kunfeng Qiu ,&nbsp;Dapeng Li ,&nbsp;Zhao Liu ,&nbsp;Rui Zhao ,&nbsp;Jun Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Cretaceous gold deposits along the margins of the North China Craton (NCC), which formed in a craton destruction setting, display geological characteristics similar to traditional orogenic gold deposits typically associated with accretionary orogeny. These deposits, known as Jiaodong-type gold deposits, have attracted considerable attention. However, the lithospheric controls and formation mechanisms of these deposits remain unclear, as they cannot be fully explained by the supracrustal metamorphic genetic model commonly applied to classic orogenic gold deposits. In this study, the compiled S-Hg-Pb isotope ratios of gold deposits on different NCC margins display compatible variations to the Sr-Nd-Hg isotope ratios of mafic dikes spatial-temporally associated with the deposits. This implies that mantle lithosphere, metasomatized by variable proportions of oceanic and continental crust, was the source for both gold deposits and mafic dikes. Increase of oxygen fugacity and zircon <em>ε</em>Hf(<em>t</em>) from pre- to <em>syn</em>-gold granites suggests continuous basic magma underplating, which could induce concentrations of Au-rich sulfides and contribute additional Au to auriferous CO₂-rich fluids derived from metasomatized mantle lithosphere and basic magma. Localization of gold deposits was controlled by craton-margin sinistral shearing induced by clockwise rotation of the craton coincident with distal emplacement of metamorphic core complexes. Thus, the Cretaceous Jiaodong-type orogenic gold deposits were derived from fertilized mantle lithosphere through such crust-mantle processes within a lithosphere thinning background.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12711,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience frontiers","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102047"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental heating of CI chondrite: Empirical constraints on the evolution of micrometeorite O-isotopes during atmospheric entry","authors":"N.G. Rudraswami ,&nbsp;M.D. Suttle ,&nbsp;Yves Marrocchi ,&nbsp;M. Pandey ,&nbsp;Laurent Tissandier ,&nbsp;Johan Villeneuve","doi":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extraterrestrial dust exhibits a wide range of textural, chemical and oxygen isotopic compositions due to the heterogeneity of their precursors and modification during atmospheric entry. Experimental heating provides an opportunity to investigate the relationship between thermal processing and micrometeorite composition for a known precursor material. We conducted experiments to simulate the atmospheric entry of micrometeorites (MMs) using controlled, short-duration (10–50 s) flash heating (400–1600 °C) of CI chondrite chips (&lt;1500 µm) in atmospheric air (1 bar, 21% O₂) combined with microanalysis (textures, chemical and isotopic compositions) of the experimental products. The heated chips closely resemble natural samples, with materials similar to unmelted MMs, partially melted (scoriaceous) MMs and fully melted cosmic spherules produced. We reproduced several key features such as dehydration cracks, magnetite rims, volatile gas release, vesicle formation and coalescence, melting and quench cooling. Our parameter space allows for discriminating peak temperature and heating duration effects. Peak temperature is the first-order control on MM mineralogy, while heating duration controls vesicle coalescence and homogenization. When compared against previous heating experiments, our data demonstrates that CI chondrite dust is more thermally resistant, relative to CM chondrite dust, by approximately +200 °C. The 207 measurement of O-isotopes allows, for the first time, petrographic effects (such as volatile degassing and melting) to be correlated against bulk O-isotope evolution. Our results demonstrate findings applicable to CI chondrites and potentially to all fine-grained hydrated carbonaceous chondrite dust grains: (1) O-isotope variations arising during sub-solidus heating are dominated by the release of water from phyllosilicates, forcing the residual MM composition towards its anhydrous precursor composition. (2) Oxygen isotope compositions undergo the most significant changes at supra-solidus temperatures. As previously demonstrated and now empirically confirmed, most of these changes are driven by a mass-dependent fractionation effect caused by evaporation, which shifts residual rock compositions toward heavier values. Mixing with atmospheric air alters compositions toward the terrestrial fractionation line. Notably, these two processes do not begin simultaneously. Our data indicate that at 1200 °C, isotopic evolution is dominated by evaporative mass loss. However, at higher temperatures (1400–1600 °C), both pronounced evaporation and mixing with atmospheric oxygen become active, resulting in a more complex isotopic signature. (3) The total change in Δ¹⁷O during heating up to 1600 °C is &lt; 3‰ and in most scenarios &lt; 2‰.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12711,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience frontiers","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102046"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of trace elements distribution and sources from snowpits in the Lambert Glacier region, coastal East Antarctica","authors":"Yalalt Nyamgerel ,&nbsp;Soon Do Hur ,&nbsp;Tseren-Ochir Soyol-Erdene ,&nbsp;Cunde Xiao ,&nbsp;Hyejung Jung ,&nbsp;Jeonghoon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The measurement of trace elements in Antarctic snow is crucial for understanding historical atmospheric geochemical changes and circulation patterns. However, studies on their spatial distributions remain limited, particularly those evaluating multiple metals across several snowpits, making interpretation challenging. This study investigates the distributions and sources of trace elements—including Cd, Ba, Pb, U, Bi, V, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and As—across four snowpits in the Lambert Glacier Basin, East Antarctica. The trace elements exhibit site-, element-, and season-dependent variations, with higher concentrations observed at inland sites. In contrast, <em>δ</em>¹⁸O and ion concentrations decrease with increasing distance from the coast and elevation, underscoring the influence of marine emissions. Crustal sources primarily contributed to Ba, U, V, Mn, and Fe, while non-crustal sources predominantly contributed to Cd, Bi, Zn, Pb, Cu, and As. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis indicates that trace element concentrations in Pits 2 and 3 are influenced by both crustal and non-crustal sources, while Pit 4 reflects a mixed-source influence. Pit 1 (coastal site) also indicates the mixed sources with influence of a highly dynamic marine climate and environment. The PMF results reveal similarities in emission sources and atmospheric transport patterns across the snowpits, facilitating a more comprehensive interpretation of longer ice core records. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into trace element distributions and enhances our understanding of past environmental and climatic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12711,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience frontiers","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102045"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of pegmatite shells to magmatic evolution and rare metal mineralization: Insights from the Shihuiyao deposit, Inner Mongolia, Northeast China","authors":"Zhichao Zhang ,&nbsp;Zheng Ji ,&nbsp;Yusheng Zhu ,&nbsp;Hao Yang ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Chen ,&nbsp;Haoran Wu ,&nbsp;Yongzhi Wang ,&nbsp;Wenchun Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Highly evolved granite associated with pegmatite shells exhibits significant potential for rare metal mineralization; however, the mechanisms through which these pegmatite shells contribute to magmatic evolution and rare metal enrichment remain poorly understood. The Late Jurassic Shihuiyao Nb–Ta–(Rb–Be–Li) deposit is one of the largest rare-metal deposits in the Southern Great Xing’an Range (SGXR), Northeast China. Exploratory trenches expose distinct layered zones from top to bottom: alternating microcline pegmatite and aplite layers (zone I), topaz lepidolite albite granite and lepidolite amazonite pegmatite (zone II), and muscovite albite granite (zone III). We conducted U–Pb dating of cassiterite, monazite, and Nb–Ta oxide, monazite Nd isotopes, and whole-rock and mineral geochemistry for the three zones. Multi-mineral U–Pb ages indicate that the three zones formed during the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous (147–142 Ma). Geochemical analyses of whole-rock, mica, and microcline suggest an evolutionary sequence from zone I to zone III, and finally to zone II. The Zr/Hf, Nb/Ta, Y/Ho, and K/Rb ratios combined with the rare earth element (REE) tetrad effects suggest higher degree of differentiation and fluid–melt interaction of the Shihuiyao leucogranite without a pegmatite shell compared to coeval barren granites from both Shihuiyao and the SGXR. A progressive increase in the degree of evolution is evident from the leucogranite without a pegmatite shell to the leucogranite with a discontinuous shell, and ultimately to the leucogranite with a continuous shell. The pegmatite shell acted as a geochemical barrier that facilitated the accumulation of Li and F in the underlying magma, which played a crucial role in lowering the solidus temperature of the granitic magma. This process prolonged the crystallization duration while reducing melt viscosity and density, thereby creating favorable conditions for magma differentiation and fluid–melt interaction. Rapid crystallization of the earlier water- and Be-rich melt led to the Be mineralization in the pegmatite shell. Moreover, the formation of this shell served as a barrier for Li mineralization in the underlying topaz lepidolite albite granite. This study enhances our understanding of the critical contribution of pegmatite shells to magmatic evolution and rare-metal mineralization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12711,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience frontiers","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102042"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metamorphic evolution of blueschists in the Heilongjiang Complex: Implications for the subduction history of the Mudanjiang Ocean","authors":"Guang-Ming Sun ,&nbsp;Xu-Ping Li ,&nbsp;Hans-Peter Schertl ,&nbsp;Wen-Yong Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Heilongjiang Complex in northeast China (NE China) separates the Jiamusi and Songliao blocks and marks the suture zone of the former Mudanjiang Ocean, as evidenced by a variety of oceanic basalt-derived blueschists. Understanding the closure history of the Mudanjiang Ocean is crucial to unravelling the tectonic transition from the final amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) to the onset of the Paleo-Pacific subduction. In this study, we investigate epidote-ferroglaucophane (Ep-Fgl) and garnet-ferrobarroisite (Grt-Fbrs) schists from the Yilan area of the Heilongjiang Complex through petrological, mineralogical, thermodynamic modelling, whole-rock geochemical, and geochronological analyses. The Ep-Fgl schists preserve a peak assemblage of ferroglaucophane + epidote + chlorite + clinopyroxene + phengite + titanite with peak P–T conditions of 13.5–15.8 kbar and 458–495 °C. On the other hand, the Grt-Fbrs schists exhibit a peak assemblage of garnet + glaucophane/ferroglaucophane + lawsonite + chlorite + phengite + rutile ± clinopyroxene ± titanite, deriving peak P–T conditions of 16.4–18.3 kbar and 457–475 °C. Both types of schist record similar clockwise P–T paths, with three metamorphic stages: a peak epidote-to-lawsonite blueschist-facies stage, a post-peak decompression stage in the epidote amphibolite-facies, and a late greenschist-facies overprint stage. The Ep-Fgl schists display alkaline OIB-like geochemical affinities, while the Grt-Fbrs schists show tholeiitic MORB-like characteristics, suggesting that the protoliths represent fragments of the Mudanjiang oceanic crust. Magmatic zircon grains from Ep-Fgl schists yield protolith ages of 276 ± 1 Ma and 280 ± 1 Ma, whereas zircon of Grt-Fbrs schists document protolith ages of 249 ± 2 Ma and 248 ± 2 Ma, indicating that the Mudanjiang Ocean existed since at least the early Permian. Reconstruction of the metamorphic P–T evolution, combined with previous magmatic and metamorphic age data from rocks of the Heilongjiang Complex and of adjacent tectonic units suggests that the subduction and eventual closure of the Mudanjiang Ocean occurred between the late Triassic and middle Jurassic, driven by a regional stress regime shift caused by the westward subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath Eurasia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12711,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience frontiers","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102039"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking energy and policy: Driving the circular economy through renewables versus nuclear energy in OECD countries","authors":"Zhaohui Yang ,&nbsp;Danish ,&nbsp;Yiting Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The circular economy (CE) presents a promising approach to integrating industry with sustainability and circularity, which helps minimize ecological harm and preserve natural resources for future generations. This study focused on the roles of nuclear energy, renewables, and climate policies in advancing a CE. It examined the intentions of OECD countries regarding CE practices and the various factors influencing these intentions from 2000 to 2019. This study utilized second-generation panel data tools, such as slope homogeneity and stationarity tests, to assess cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity in the panel dataset. The study employed the moment quantile regression (MM-QR) method to obtain regression estimates and analyze the conditional distribution across all quantiles. The findings indicated that the role of nuclear energy in promoting CE was negative across all quantiles. In contrast, renewable energy positively supports achieving CE in OECD countries. Climate policies assisted OECD countries in progressing toward CE in both the nuclear energy and renewable energy models. We conducted a robust check using a non-parametric panel Granger causality test, which confirmed the expected results for all other factors. The collaborative efforts for waste minimization ensure that nuclear energy systems are resilient, economically feasible, and environmentally sustainable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12711,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience frontiers","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102037"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal analysis of AGB and BGB in China: Responses to climate change under SSP scenarios","authors":"Chuanmei Zhu ,&nbsp;Yupu Li ,&nbsp;Jianli Ding ,&nbsp;Jiexin Rao ,&nbsp;Yihang Xiang ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Ge ,&nbsp;Jinjie Wang ,&nbsp;Jingzhe Wang ,&nbsp;Xiangyue Chen ,&nbsp;Zipeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsf.2025.102038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aboveground biomass (AGB) and belowground biomass (BGB) are key components of carbon storage, yet their responses to future climate changes remain poorly understood, particularly in China. Understanding these dynamics is essential for global carbon cycle modeling and ecosystem management. This study integrates field observations, machine learning, and multi-source remote sensing data to reconstruct the distributions of AGB and BGB in China from 2000 to 2020. Then CMIP6 was used to predict the distribution of China under three SSP scenarios (SSP1-1.9, SSP2-4.5, SSP5-8.5) from 2020 to 2100 to fill the existing knowledge gap. The predictive accuracy for AGB (<em>R</em>² = 0.85) was significantly higher than for BGB (<em>R</em>² = 0.48), likely due to the greater complexity of modeling belowground dynamics. NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and soil organic carbon density (SOC) were identified as the primary drivers of AGB and BGB changes. During 2000–2020, AGB in China remained stable at approximately 10.69 Pg C, while BGB was around 5.06 Pg C. Forest ecosystems contributed 88.52% of AGB and 43.83% of BGB. AGB showed a relatively slow annual increase, while BGB demonstrated a significant annual growth rate of approximately 37 Tg C yr⁻¹. Under the low-emission scenario, both AGB and BGB show fluctuations and steady growth, particularly in South China and the northwestern part of Northeast China. Under the moderate-emission scenario, AGB and BGB show significant declines and increases, respectively. In the high-emission scenario, both AGB and BGB decline significantly, particularly in the southwestern and central regions. These results provide valuable insights into ecosystem carbon dynamics under climate change, emphasizing the relatively low responsiveness of AGB and BGB to climatic variability, and offering guidance for sustainable land use and management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12711,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience frontiers","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102038"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}