Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855660
D. Alves, L. D. da Silva, C. Castro, V.F. da Costa
The conventional load flow methods are considered to be inadequate to obtain the maximum loading point (MLP) due to ill-conditioning problems at and near this critical point. As far as the Newton method is concerned, the Jacobian matrix becomes singular at MLP. Continuation methods are efficient tools for solving this kind of problem, since different parameterizations are used in order to avoid such ill-conditioning problems. In this paper new parameters are presented and tested, namely the total power losses (real and reactive), the power at the slack bus (real or reactive); and the reactive power at generation buses. The results obtained with the new approach for the IEEE test systems (14, 30, 57 and 118 buses) show that the characteristics of the conventional method are not only preserved but also improved. In addition, it is shown that the proposed method and the conventional one can be switched during the tracing of PV curves in order to efficiently determine all points with few iterations.
{"title":"New parameterization schemes for the continuation load flow method","authors":"D. Alves, L. D. da Silva, C. Castro, V.F. da Costa","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855660","url":null,"abstract":"The conventional load flow methods are considered to be inadequate to obtain the maximum loading point (MLP) due to ill-conditioning problems at and near this critical point. As far as the Newton method is concerned, the Jacobian matrix becomes singular at MLP. Continuation methods are efficient tools for solving this kind of problem, since different parameterizations are used in order to avoid such ill-conditioning problems. In this paper new parameters are presented and tested, namely the total power losses (real and reactive), the power at the slack bus (real or reactive); and the reactive power at generation buses. The results obtained with the new approach for the IEEE test systems (14, 30, 57 and 118 buses) show that the characteristics of the conventional method are not only preserved but also improved. In addition, it is shown that the proposed method and the conventional one can be switched during the tracing of PV curves in order to efficiently determine all points with few iterations.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124246507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855648
M. Shaaban, Y. Ni, F. Wu
The application of the genetic algorithms to solve the total transfer capability (TTC) problem is proposed in this paper. TTC is a nonlinear function of the system operating conditions and security constraints. The objective of the proposed genetic algorithm is to maximize a specific point-to-point power transaction without system constraint violation and to determine the TTC between the two points through global optimal search. The suggested genetic algorithm is simple to implement and can easily incorporate various constraints. The floating-point based genetic algorithm was tested on a 4 bus test system with good convergence. The test results are compared favorably with that obtained from the continuation power flow.
{"title":"Total transfer capability calculations for competitive power networks using genetic algorithms","authors":"M. Shaaban, Y. Ni, F. Wu","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855648","url":null,"abstract":"The application of the genetic algorithms to solve the total transfer capability (TTC) problem is proposed in this paper. TTC is a nonlinear function of the system operating conditions and security constraints. The objective of the proposed genetic algorithm is to maximize a specific point-to-point power transaction without system constraint violation and to determine the TTC between the two points through global optimal search. The suggested genetic algorithm is simple to implement and can easily incorporate various constraints. The floating-point based genetic algorithm was tested on a 4 bus test system with good convergence. The test results are compared favorably with that obtained from the continuation power flow.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121381014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855712
M. Lammintausta, E. Lakervi
The Finnish electricity market participates in the Scandinavian markets, Nord-Pool. The Finnish market is free for dealers, producers and consumers of electricity. Electricity is sold and bought in a market place, which is physically the transmission network. The Finnish transmission network belongs to a single independent company called Fingrid. It has the full responsibility of the Finnish power transmission system. The aim of this work was to determine the costs of disturbances of the transmission network to the participants of electricity markets. Costs of altered power flows because of electricity markets are also discussed. It was found that the costs of the participants depend on how the system operator reacts to the disturbance. In the Finnish power system consumers will usually experience no costs due to the disturbance because of meshed network and counter trade method preferred by the system operator. The costs to the producers and dealers are also low because of the counter trade method. The Network Company will lose the cost of reparation, additional losses and cost of regulation power because of counter trades. If power flows are rearranged drastically because of electricity markets, the only way to fulfil the needs of free markets is that the Network Company buys regulation power for short-term problems and reinforces the network in the long-term situations. This is done if the network cannot be operated safely in the altered power flow situation.
{"title":"An approach to estimate the cost of disturbance to participants of electricity markets","authors":"M. Lammintausta, E. Lakervi","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855712","url":null,"abstract":"The Finnish electricity market participates in the Scandinavian markets, Nord-Pool. The Finnish market is free for dealers, producers and consumers of electricity. Electricity is sold and bought in a market place, which is physically the transmission network. The Finnish transmission network belongs to a single independent company called Fingrid. It has the full responsibility of the Finnish power transmission system. The aim of this work was to determine the costs of disturbances of the transmission network to the participants of electricity markets. Costs of altered power flows because of electricity markets are also discussed. It was found that the costs of the participants depend on how the system operator reacts to the disturbance. In the Finnish power system consumers will usually experience no costs due to the disturbance because of meshed network and counter trade method preferred by the system operator. The costs to the producers and dealers are also low because of the counter trade method. The Network Company will lose the cost of reparation, additional losses and cost of regulation power because of counter trades. If power flows are rearranged drastically because of electricity markets, the only way to fulfil the needs of free markets is that the Network Company buys regulation power for short-term problems and reinforces the network in the long-term situations. This is done if the network cannot be operated safely in the altered power flow situation.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115900024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855726
S. Chan, H. Ngan, W. Chow
This paper presents an innovative and flexible load forecasting model suitable to support formulation of integrated resources plans. The envisaged load forecasting model is built upon state-space data representation sequentially updated by Kalman filtering algorithm. It allows dynamic insertion of new data and inclusion of qualitative yardsticks in the energy planning process. Successful implementation of the model on case study shows that the proposed approach is flexible for insertion of external data to the forecasting model.
{"title":"A flexible load forecasting model for integrated resources planning","authors":"S. Chan, H. Ngan, W. Chow","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855726","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an innovative and flexible load forecasting model suitable to support formulation of integrated resources plans. The envisaged load forecasting model is built upon state-space data representation sequentially updated by Kalman filtering algorithm. It allows dynamic insertion of new data and inclusion of qualitative yardsticks in the energy planning process. Successful implementation of the model on case study shows that the proposed approach is flexible for insertion of external data to the forecasting model.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126200143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855676
S. Munukutla, P. Sistla
Real-time performance monitoring of a coal-fired unit is essential in a deregulated market. A real-time performance monitoring system requires real-time (online) coal analysis. Since online coal analyzers are not routinely available for use in power plants, a novel approach to the determination of online coal analysis from flue gas composition measurements is taken. Using this approach, real-time performance monitoring software have been developed for several units. The principle behind the method and some field results are presented in this paper.
{"title":"A novel approach to real-time performance monitoring of a coal-fired power plant","authors":"S. Munukutla, P. Sistla","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855676","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time performance monitoring of a coal-fired unit is essential in a deregulated market. A real-time performance monitoring system requires real-time (online) coal analysis. Since online coal analyzers are not routinely available for use in power plants, a novel approach to the determination of online coal analysis from flue gas composition measurements is taken. Using this approach, real-time performance monitoring software have been developed for several units. The principle behind the method and some field results are presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128401580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855665
H. Etemadi, V. Sood, K. Khorasani, R. Patel
This paper presents a neural network (NN) based method for fault classification in a power system. A new method of generating the training data is proposed which has the advantage that the total number of fault simulations needed to generate the training patterns is less than that required by the conventional training method. This is obtained at the cost of a time delay in the NN output response. The performance of the proposed method is investigated using the Matlab simulation model of a simple HVDC system.
{"title":"Neural network based fault diagnosis in an HVDC system","authors":"H. Etemadi, V. Sood, K. Khorasani, R. Patel","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855665","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a neural network (NN) based method for fault classification in a power system. A new method of generating the training data is proposed which has the advantage that the total number of fault simulations needed to generate the training patterns is less than that required by the conventional training method. This is obtained at the cost of a time delay in the NN output response. The performance of the proposed method is investigated using the Matlab simulation model of a simple HVDC system.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128854268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855627
W. Read
The electric utility industry in North America is undergoing a transformation unlike anything it has experienced in its history. Disassembly of the traditional vertically integrated utility is taking form in response to; pressure to privatize, customer choice demands, competition in the marketplace, improved quality of service and unfettered access to the transmission network. How will restructuring affect the reliability and quality of our electric power service? The author briefly discusses this issue.
{"title":"Electric utility restructuring-a personal choice","authors":"W. Read","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855627","url":null,"abstract":"The electric utility industry in North America is undergoing a transformation unlike anything it has experienced in its history. Disassembly of the traditional vertically integrated utility is taking form in response to; pressure to privatize, customer choice demands, competition in the marketplace, improved quality of service and unfettered access to the transmission network. How will restructuring affect the reliability and quality of our electric power service? The author briefly discusses this issue.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130116847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855651
A. Sorg, W. Wellssow
The paper presents an investigation of manageability, expressional force, and conciseness of planning criteria for electrical power systems. Criteria are classified according to contingency- and customer-focused and in deterministic and probabilistic criteria. A short description is given. A number of actual German power systems with voltage levels from U/sub n/=20 kV up to U/sub n/=380 kV are investigated. Several variations of the criteria with respect to the network component types and remedial measures have been analyzed and compared. Additionally, the investigated probabilistic indices are compared by applying a significance test method. The results show that the international, widely used (n-1)-criterion is sometimes less restrictive than the investigated contingency-focused, probabilistic criteria.
{"title":"Valuation of planning criteria in a competitive market","authors":"A. Sorg, W. Wellssow","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855651","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an investigation of manageability, expressional force, and conciseness of planning criteria for electrical power systems. Criteria are classified according to contingency- and customer-focused and in deterministic and probabilistic criteria. A short description is given. A number of actual German power systems with voltage levels from U/sub n/=20 kV up to U/sub n/=380 kV are investigated. Several variations of the criteria with respect to the network component types and remedial measures have been analyzed and compared. Additionally, the investigated probabilistic indices are compared by applying a significance test method. The results show that the international, widely used (n-1)-criterion is sometimes less restrictive than the investigated contingency-focused, probabilistic criteria.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130288135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855728
J. Balachandra, S. Balachandra, A. Klimek
The control center can be affected by insertion of small generators. The main problem is to observe and dispatch large number of generators with small ratings. The energy management system (EMS) is affected by dispersed generation (DG). Automatic generation control is affected by the generator's size, source availability and response time. Economic dispatch is affected by size, source stability and availability of the DG. Automatic voltage control of the system is affected by the size, source stability, voltage control, response time and harmonics of the generator. Online load flow is affected by size of the generator. This paper investigates these phenomena in practical experimental field conditions. This paper also addresses not only the influx of distribution and energy storage units in distribution networks in terms of system integrity, reliability, efficiency, voltage stability, load management and communication and control but also investigates the market process of bidding for blocks of power at predetermined time duration, via the WWW.
{"title":"Impact of distributed generators on the control center monitoring and network based technology to facilitate expanded use of distributed energy","authors":"J. Balachandra, S. Balachandra, A. Klimek","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855728","url":null,"abstract":"The control center can be affected by insertion of small generators. The main problem is to observe and dispatch large number of generators with small ratings. The energy management system (EMS) is affected by dispersed generation (DG). Automatic generation control is affected by the generator's size, source availability and response time. Economic dispatch is affected by size, source stability and availability of the DG. Automatic voltage control of the system is affected by the size, source stability, voltage control, response time and harmonics of the generator. Online load flow is affected by size of the generator. This paper investigates these phenomena in practical experimental field conditions. This paper also addresses not only the influx of distribution and energy storage units in distribution networks in terms of system integrity, reliability, efficiency, voltage stability, load management and communication and control but also investigates the market process of bidding for blocks of power at predetermined time duration, via the WWW.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130917243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855669
F. Wang, M. Bollen
With the restructuring and privatization of the electricity supply industry, the consumer of electrical energy has a wider choice of utilities, which promise to deliver power of high quality. To depict the quality of power provided by the utilities, it is necessary to use some quantified index and criteria to evaluate the type, duration time of the disturbances, as well as their effects on equipment. This paper presents a method to quantify the effect of disturbances on a protective relay. Both solid-state and digital relays are modeled and tested under various measured disturbance conditions. The disturbance data are obtained from measurements in European distribution networks. As the effect of disturbances on protection devices is dependent on the structure and principle of a relay, a method is developed to evaluate the severity of disturbances as experienced by the relay.
{"title":"Evaluating the effect of measured power disturbances on protective relay operation","authors":"F. Wang, M. Bollen","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855669","url":null,"abstract":"With the restructuring and privatization of the electricity supply industry, the consumer of electrical energy has a wider choice of utilities, which promise to deliver power of high quality. To depict the quality of power provided by the utilities, it is necessary to use some quantified index and criteria to evaluate the type, duration time of the disturbances, as well as their effects on equipment. This paper presents a method to quantify the effect of disturbances on a protective relay. Both solid-state and digital relays are modeled and tested under various measured disturbance conditions. The disturbance data are obtained from measurements in European distribution networks. As the effect of disturbances on protection devices is dependent on the structure and principle of a relay, a method is developed to evaluate the severity of disturbances as experienced by the relay.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133282588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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