Cotton is a strategically important crop for Mali. Mainly used for export, it represents 50–60 % of the value of the country's exports. Genotype by environment interaction study was carried out to identify the most stable cotton genotype(s) and the most desirable for seed cotton yield and lint yield in 35 villages across six different environments(High Valley of the Niger, New Cotton Growing Zone, North Sudan-Sahel, Old Basin, Southern Extension Zone and Zone Sikasso-Bougouni) in a dispersed block design. Where each village represented a block, giving a total of 35 blocks or replications. A combined analysis of variance showed that yields of seed cotton and fiber were significantly affected by environments (p<0.05), but did not reveal any significant difference between genotypes or genotype-environment interactions. The result of GGE biplot analysis method showed that the polygonal view identified three mega-environments (ME1, ME2 and ME3) with three winning genotypes: BRS 293, NTA B149 and NTA L66, respectively, for seed cotton yield. For fiber yield, the winning genotypes were CG1, NTA L65 and BRS 293, respectively. Given that all the varieties tested have a mean fiber yield within the recommended norms, the two promising varieties NTA B149 and NTA L66 with good seed cotton yields and the standard check BRS 293 can be recommended for extension in the environments to which they have been assigned.
棉花是马里具有重要战略意义的作物。棉花主要用于出口，占马里出口总值的 50-60%。为了确定最稳定的棉花基因型和最理想的籽棉产量和皮棉产量，马里在六个不同环境（尼日尔高河谷、新棉花种植区、苏丹北部-萨赫勒、老盆地、南部扩展区和锡卡索-布古尼区）的 35 个村庄开展了基因型与环境交互作用研究，并采用了分散区块设计。每个村庄代表一个区块，总共有 35 个区块或重复。综合方差分析显示，籽棉和纤维的产量受环境影响显著（p<0.05），但基因型之间或基因型与环境之间的交互作用没有发现任何显著差异。GGE 双图谱分析方法的结果表明，多边形视图确定了三个特大环境（ME1、ME2 和 ME3），有三个优胜基因型：分别是 BRS 293、NTA B149 和 NTA L66。纤维产量的优胜基因型分别是 CG1、NTA L65 和 BRS 293。鉴于所有测试品种的平均纤维产量都在推荐标准范围内，因此可以推荐籽棉产量较高的两个有前途的品种 NTA B149 和 NTA L66 以及标准对照 BRS 293 在其指定的环境中进行推广。
{"title":"Stability analysis and genotype X environment interaction of cotton seed and fiber yield of some cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes in multi-environment in Mali","authors":"Sory Sissoko, Mamadou Oumar Diawara, Elhadji Mamoudou Kassambara, Mariam Traoré, Gassiré Bayoko, Daouda Seydou Maiga","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0530","url":null,"abstract":"Cotton is a strategically important crop for Mali. Mainly used for export, it represents 50–60 % of the value of the country's exports. Genotype by environment interaction study was carried out to identify the most stable cotton genotype(s) and the most desirable for seed cotton yield and lint yield in 35 villages across six different environments(High Valley of the Niger, New Cotton Growing Zone, North Sudan-Sahel, Old Basin, Southern Extension Zone and Zone Sikasso-Bougouni) in a dispersed block design. Where each village represented a block, giving a total of 35 blocks or replications. A combined analysis of variance showed that yields of seed cotton and fiber were significantly affected by environments (p<0.05), but did not reveal any significant difference between genotypes or genotype-environment interactions. The result of GGE biplot analysis method showed that the polygonal view identified three mega-environments (ME1, ME2 and ME3) with three winning genotypes: BRS 293, NTA B149 and NTA L66, respectively, for seed cotton yield. For fiber yield, the winning genotypes were CG1, NTA L65 and BRS 293, respectively. Given that all the varieties tested have a mean fiber yield within the recommended norms, the two promising varieties NTA B149 and NTA L66 with good seed cotton yields and the standard check BRS 293 can be recommended for extension in the environments to which they have been assigned.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"5 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: One of the growing public health issues in many low- and middle-income nations is anxiety disorder. A rising number of student in Bangladesh are showing these signs, despite the paucity of research supporting our claims. The goal of this study was to find out how common anxiety is among public university students and what factors are linked to it. Methods: An organized set of questions was used to collect the data, one of which was dedicated to demographics. The generalized anxiety disorder scale was utilized to assess anxiety, and the Physical Activity Questionnaire scale was used to test different levels of physical activity. Based on its careful validity and applicability, we juxtaposed the different variables to ascertain the association of various factor related to it. Results: The reading time per day was quite low and it was 6.8 hours for JU students, 7.1 hours for DU students. From the study we can conclude that most the participants are engaged low physical activity. In case of Jahangirnagar university among 97 respondents, 38 respondents were in relationships and 59 students were not in relationships. Whereas 61 respondents were mentally satisfied but 36 were mentally dissatisfied. In case of Dhaka university among 25 respondents, 8 were in relationships and 17 were not in relationships, where 12 respondents were mentally satisfied but 12 respondents were mentally dissatisfied and most the respondents (47.54%) follow ideal sleep duration according to dataset. Conclusion: In Bangladesh's public universities, anxiety is a common occurrence among students. Evidence-based health programs—such as healthy school trials—and policies should be implemented in light of the study's findings in order to reduce the incidence of anxiety among Bangladeshi adults and the students.
{"title":"Anxiety, mental pressure and stress frequency among Bangladeshi university students: A questionnaire stud","authors":"Mt. Farzana Yasmin, Majedul Hoque, Shariful Islam Tannu, Tanzim Amin Borhan","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0029","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the growing public health issues in many low- and middle-income nations is anxiety disorder. A rising number of student in Bangladesh are showing these signs, despite the paucity of research supporting our claims. The goal of this study was to find out how common anxiety is among public university students and what factors are linked to it. Methods: An organized set of questions was used to collect the data, one of which was dedicated to demographics. The generalized anxiety disorder scale was utilized to assess anxiety, and the Physical Activity Questionnaire scale was used to test different levels of physical activity. Based on its careful validity and applicability, we juxtaposed the different variables to ascertain the association of various factor related to it. Results: The reading time per day was quite low and it was 6.8 hours for JU students, 7.1 hours for DU students. From the study we can conclude that most the participants are engaged low physical activity. In case of Jahangirnagar university among 97 respondents, 38 respondents were in relationships and 59 students were not in relationships. Whereas 61 respondents were mentally satisfied but 36 were mentally dissatisfied. In case of Dhaka university among 25 respondents, 8 were in relationships and 17 were not in relationships, where 12 respondents were mentally satisfied but 12 respondents were mentally dissatisfied and most the respondents (47.54%) follow ideal sleep duration according to dataset. Conclusion: In Bangladesh's public universities, anxiety is a common occurrence among students. Evidence-based health programs—such as healthy school trials—and policies should be implemented in light of the study's findings in order to reduce the incidence of anxiety among Bangladeshi adults and the students.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"121 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140483821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0035
Imad-Eddine El khamlichi, Issam Mokhtari, Nisma Douzi, Oussama Grari, Soufiane Beyyoudh, Dounia El Moujtahide, El houcine Sebbar, Mohammed Choukri
The aim of our study was the verification of the analytical performance of alpha-fetoprotein determination on the Abbott CI analyzer utilizing the immuno-chemiluminescence method. The verification process was conducted in the biochemistry laboratory of Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda. The working methodology adapted is based on the recommendations of the protocol of the French accreditation committee (COFRAC) accreditation technical guide (GTA) 04, by the evaluation of reproducibility and repeatability. The results obtained by this evaluation were overall satisfactory and have meet the recommended criteria set by supplier and the French society of clinical biology. This study shows that the biochemistry laboratory of Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda can deliver an accurate and precise results which can be used for clinical diagnosis and decision making.
我们的研究旨在验证雅培 CI 分析仪利用免疫化学发光法测定甲胎蛋白的分析性能。验证过程在乌季达穆罕默德六世大学医院的生化实验室进行。所采用的工作方法是根据法国认证委员会（COFRAC）认证技术指南（GTA）04 协议的建议，对再现性和重复性进行评估。评估结果总体上令人满意，符合供应商和法国临床生物学会推荐的标准。这项研究表明，乌季达穆罕默德六世大学医院的生化实验室能够提供准确和精确的结果，可用于临床诊断和决策。
{"title":"Verification of analytical performance of alpha-fetoprotein assay on the Abbott Alinity ci®: Experience of the central laboratory of Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda","authors":"Imad-Eddine El khamlichi, Issam Mokhtari, Nisma Douzi, Oussama Grari, Soufiane Beyyoudh, Dounia El Moujtahide, El houcine Sebbar, Mohammed Choukri","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0035","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of our study was the verification of the analytical performance of alpha-fetoprotein determination on the Abbott CI analyzer utilizing the immuno-chemiluminescence method. The verification process was conducted in the biochemistry laboratory of Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda. The working methodology adapted is based on the recommendations of the protocol of the French accreditation committee (COFRAC) accreditation technical guide (GTA) 04, by the evaluation of reproducibility and repeatability. The results obtained by this evaluation were overall satisfactory and have meet the recommended criteria set by supplier and the French society of clinical biology. This study shows that the biochemistry laboratory of Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda can deliver an accurate and precise results which can be used for clinical diagnosis and decision making.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"254 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140484482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0004
Nur Muhammad Eka Iswahyudi, Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah, Widjiati, Maslichah Mafruchati, Epy Muhammad Luqman
Objective: The aim of this research was to investigate the histopathological damage to the ovaries of mice (Mus musculus) caused by exposure to carbofuran. Method: Twenty female mice aged 10 weeks with a body weight ranging from 25-30 mg were used in this study. The mice were divided into four groups, with each group consisting of five replicates. The control group (P0) received 0.5% physiological NaCl, while the treatment groups (P1, P2, and P3) were exposed to carbofuran at doses of 0.0833 mg/kg BW, 0.0417 mg/kg BW, and 0.0208 mg/kg BW, respectively, for ten days. On the 12th day, ovarian necropsy and HE staining were performed to observe the number of primary, secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles. Data analysis was conducted using ANOVA and BNJ tests. Result: The results of this research showed that oral administration of carbofuran leads to a decrease in the number of secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles. High doses, such as 0.0833 mg/kg body weight, resulted in a more pronounced reduction in the number of secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles compared to the control group. Conclusion: A reduction in the number of secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles with increasing doses of carbofuran.
{"title":"The influence of carbofuran insecticide exposure on the number of ovarian follicles in mice (Mus musculus)","authors":"Nur Muhammad Eka Iswahyudi, Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah, Widjiati, Maslichah Mafruchati, Epy Muhammad Luqman","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this research was to investigate the histopathological damage to the ovaries of mice (Mus musculus) caused by exposure to carbofuran. Method: Twenty female mice aged 10 weeks with a body weight ranging from 25-30 mg were used in this study. The mice were divided into four groups, with each group consisting of five replicates. The control group (P0) received 0.5% physiological NaCl, while the treatment groups (P1, P2, and P3) were exposed to carbofuran at doses of 0.0833 mg/kg BW, 0.0417 mg/kg BW, and 0.0208 mg/kg BW, respectively, for ten days. On the 12th day, ovarian necropsy and HE staining were performed to observe the number of primary, secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles. Data analysis was conducted using ANOVA and BNJ tests. Result: The results of this research showed that oral administration of carbofuran leads to a decrease in the number of secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles. High doses, such as 0.0833 mg/kg body weight, resulted in a more pronounced reduction in the number of secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles compared to the control group. Conclusion: A reduction in the number of secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles with increasing doses of carbofuran.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"5 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0026
Preethi Rathinam, Lally Hanna Luke, Deepa C. Philip
Epilepsy, a complex neurological condition, stems from multifaceted factors, including genetic predispositions and various triggers. The elderly, a rapidly growing demographic globally, encounter an increased risk of seizures. In India, a significant population lives with epilepsy, notably more prevalent in rural areas. Moreover, malnutrition and epilepsy exhibit a complex relationship, potentially influencing each other's onset and progression. Geriatric individuals with epilepsy often face sedentary lifestyles and potential weight-related concerns due to medication. This pilot study aimed to assess the nutrient profile of geriatric patients with epilepsy. A quantitative research approach was adopted; studying 30 individuals aged 60 to 80 years at a private neurology hospital in Tamil Nadu. Data was collected through interviews and dietary assessments, including the 24-hour recall and food frequency methods. Statistical analysis using SPSS provided insights into nutrient intake among the participants. Results indicated that while certain nutrients met recommended levels, fat and carbohydrate intake exceeded the prescribed amounts. Additionally, dietary patterns varied among different types of seizures. Despite differences, no statistical significance was found. Food frequency analysis revealed varied consumption patterns, notably lower intake of fruits and vegetables among the epilepsy geriatric patients. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding the nutritional needs of individuals with epilepsy, particularly in the geriatric population, to formulate personalized dietary interventions for improved seizure management and overall health.
{"title":"A pilot study on determination of dietary intake of geriatric epileptic patients","authors":"Preethi Rathinam, Lally Hanna Luke, Deepa C. Philip","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsy, a complex neurological condition, stems from multifaceted factors, including genetic predispositions and various triggers. The elderly, a rapidly growing demographic globally, encounter an increased risk of seizures. In India, a significant population lives with epilepsy, notably more prevalent in rural areas. Moreover, malnutrition and epilepsy exhibit a complex relationship, potentially influencing each other's onset and progression. Geriatric individuals with epilepsy often face sedentary lifestyles and potential weight-related concerns due to medication. This pilot study aimed to assess the nutrient profile of geriatric patients with epilepsy. A quantitative research approach was adopted; studying 30 individuals aged 60 to 80 years at a private neurology hospital in Tamil Nadu. Data was collected through interviews and dietary assessments, including the 24-hour recall and food frequency methods. Statistical analysis using SPSS provided insights into nutrient intake among the participants. Results indicated that while certain nutrients met recommended levels, fat and carbohydrate intake exceeded the prescribed amounts. Additionally, dietary patterns varied among different types of seizures. Despite differences, no statistical significance was found. Food frequency analysis revealed varied consumption patterns, notably lower intake of fruits and vegetables among the epilepsy geriatric patients. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding the nutritional needs of individuals with epilepsy, particularly in the geriatric population, to formulate personalized dietary interventions for improved seizure management and overall health.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"12 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indonesian people have long used herbal plants as medicine. Herbal plants used by Indonesian people include cat root herb (Acalypha indica Linn) and suruhan herb (Peperomia pellucida (L) H.B.K). Previous research showed that combining cat root herb extract and surah herb was safe for rat kidneys. This research aims to test specific and non-specific standard parameters in the combination of the two extracts so that they are safe and have good quality that meets the requirements and to know the chemical content of the extracts combination. The specific parameters used in this research were dissolved compound levels (water and ethanol soluble compound levels) and non-specific parameters, namely drying loss, water content, and ash content. The water-soluble compound content obtained was 7.44%, and the ethanol-soluble compound content was 4.9%. The drying loss was 3.29%, extract water content was 4.41%, total ash content was 7.39%, and acid-insoluble ash content was 4.37%. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that several specific and non-specific parameters meet the established quality standards. The identification of the extracts combination shows the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides and cyanogenic glycosides, but does not contain anthraquinone glycosides, and the total alkaloid content is 0.31%.
{"title":"Specific and non-specific parameters determination and chemical content tests of the combination of ethanol extracts of Acalypha indica Linn and Peperomia pellucida (L) H.B.K.","authors":"Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati, Endang Hanani, Azizahwati, Diat Nurhidayat","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesian people have long used herbal plants as medicine. Herbal plants used by Indonesian people include cat root herb (Acalypha indica Linn) and suruhan herb (Peperomia pellucida (L) H.B.K). Previous research showed that combining cat root herb extract and surah herb was safe for rat kidneys. This research aims to test specific and non-specific standard parameters in the combination of the two extracts so that they are safe and have good quality that meets the requirements and to know the chemical content of the extracts combination. The specific parameters used in this research were dissolved compound levels (water and ethanol soluble compound levels) and non-specific parameters, namely drying loss, water content, and ash content. The water-soluble compound content obtained was 7.44%, and the ethanol-soluble compound content was 4.9%. The drying loss was 3.29%, extract water content was 4.41%, total ash content was 7.39%, and acid-insoluble ash content was 4.37%. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that several specific and non-specific parameters meet the established quality standards. The identification of the extracts combination shows the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides and cyanogenic glycosides, but does not contain anthraquinone glycosides, and the total alkaloid content is 0.31%.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"7 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0509
Abdulkareem MT, Busari AK, Atabo HU, Ideh RR, Oderinde AA
There is a growing interest and concern for both the safety of the human population and the protection of the environment which has spurred renewed interest in the search for alternative chemicals from microbial origins which are biodegradable and environmentally friendly. Production of stable bio-products has been reported to be strain-dependent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of pigments extracted from some pigmented native bacteria on some tomato spoilage pathogenic bacteria and fungi. In total, four pigment-producing bacteria spp. were isolated from samples including underneath tomato roots, soils from vegetation sites, wastewater from potato processing sites, tree liters, and tree bark using the enrichment culture and pour plating technique. The isolates were morphologically and biochemically identified as Serratia sp., Salinococcus sp., Exiguobacterium sp., and Xanthomonas sp. The crude bacteria pigments were tested for bio-activity (antimicrobial activity) against some tomato-derived spoilage bacteria (Xanthomonas sp. and Clavibacter sp.) and fungi pathogens (Alternaria alternata and Phytophthora infections) respectively. Among the isolates, pigments of Serratia sp had inhibition zones of 34.5mm and 32.1mm against Xanthomonas sp. and Clavibacter sp. bacteria and 27.8mm and 29.7mm against Alternaria alternata and Phytophthora infectans respectively. While Salinococcus sp. had 30.5mm and 34.2mm against the bacteria species and 27.9mm and 29.3mm against the fungi respectively. These are promising results. Therefore, further purification of the pigment should lead to discovering potent antimicrobial bio-active ingredients for drug development in the pharmaceutical industry.
{"title":"Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of some bacteria-derived bio-active pigments","authors":"Abdulkareem MT, Busari AK, Atabo HU, Ideh RR, Oderinde AA","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0509","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing interest and concern for both the safety of the human population and the protection of the environment which has spurred renewed interest in the search for alternative chemicals from microbial origins which are biodegradable and environmentally friendly. Production of stable bio-products has been reported to be strain-dependent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of pigments extracted from some pigmented native bacteria on some tomato spoilage pathogenic bacteria and fungi. In total, four pigment-producing bacteria spp. were isolated from samples including underneath tomato roots, soils from vegetation sites, wastewater from potato processing sites, tree liters, and tree bark using the enrichment culture and pour plating technique. The isolates were morphologically and biochemically identified as Serratia sp., Salinococcus sp., Exiguobacterium sp., and Xanthomonas sp. The crude bacteria pigments were tested for bio-activity (antimicrobial activity) against some tomato-derived spoilage bacteria (Xanthomonas sp. and Clavibacter sp.) and fungi pathogens (Alternaria alternata and Phytophthora infections) respectively. Among the isolates, pigments of Serratia sp had inhibition zones of 34.5mm and 32.1mm against Xanthomonas sp. and Clavibacter sp. bacteria and 27.8mm and 29.7mm against Alternaria alternata and Phytophthora infectans respectively. While Salinococcus sp. had 30.5mm and 34.2mm against the bacteria species and 27.9mm and 29.3mm against the fungi respectively. These are promising results. Therefore, further purification of the pigment should lead to discovering potent antimicrobial bio-active ingredients for drug development in the pharmaceutical industry.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0550
Dezoumbe Donhai Honoré, James Bayoï, Djoulde Darman Roger
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo hepatoprotective activity of the ethanol-water extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia leaves (EJG) against mouse-induced hepatitis (MHV) in Mus musculus mice. This experiment was carried out with 30 male mice, divided into 6 batches, one control non-contaminated and five batches infected with MHV extracted from wild-type mice liver. Four batches of the infected mice were treated with either EJG (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg) or lamivudine (10 mg/kg) used as reference treatment. The fifth infected batch was untreated. The mice of all the batches were monitored every 12 hours for 5 days, including weight measurements and behavioral assessments. After 10 days of the MHV liver extract inoculation, all the subjects were sacrificed, the serum was collected and the biochemical parameters were measured. The results showed that MHV inoculation induced significant increase (p < 0.05) of relative weight of liver, heart, kidney and spleen in negative control, as well as serum values of ASAT, ALAT, C-reactive protein (CRP) and bilirubin compared with the control group. EJG at the concentrations of 75, 150, 300 mg/kg induced a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in relative organ weights, ASAT, ALAT, CRP and bilirubin contents compared with the negative control. In conclusion, EJG could protect the organs and has a potent hepatoprotective effect against MHV-induced liver damage in mice.
{"title":"Protective effects of ethanol-water leaf extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia on mouse virus-induced hepatitis (MHV) in male Swiss mice (Mus musculus)","authors":"Dezoumbe Donhai Honoré, James Bayoï, Djoulde Darman Roger","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0550","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo hepatoprotective activity of the ethanol-water extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia leaves (EJG) against mouse-induced hepatitis (MHV) in Mus musculus mice. This experiment was carried out with 30 male mice, divided into 6 batches, one control non-contaminated and five batches infected with MHV extracted from wild-type mice liver. Four batches of the infected mice were treated with either EJG (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg) or lamivudine (10 mg/kg) used as reference treatment. The fifth infected batch was untreated. The mice of all the batches were monitored every 12 hours for 5 days, including weight measurements and behavioral assessments. After 10 days of the MHV liver extract inoculation, all the subjects were sacrificed, the serum was collected and the biochemical parameters were measured. The results showed that MHV inoculation induced significant increase (p < 0.05) of relative weight of liver, heart, kidney and spleen in negative control, as well as serum values of ASAT, ALAT, C-reactive protein (CRP) and bilirubin compared with the control group. EJG at the concentrations of 75, 150, 300 mg/kg induced a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in relative organ weights, ASAT, ALAT, CRP and bilirubin contents compared with the negative control. In conclusion, EJG could protect the organs and has a potent hepatoprotective effect against MHV-induced liver damage in mice.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0028
Eric Almeida Xavier
The new gain-of-function of pathogen neurotropic H5N1 avian influenza A virus (IAV) strain named IAV/WSN /33 (H1N1) induced not only the conversion of normal cell-surface glycoprotein (PrPC) into a prion beta-structure-rich insoluble conformer (PrPSc). But also, the formation of infectious prions in cultured mouse neuroblastoma (N2aC24) cells. Thus, is plausible to use this virus as a biological weapon. So, the major infectious risk is a recombinant virus of prions which can be dispersed by aerosol, emerging as potential danger since they can be used in the development of biological weapons. Because recombinant prions are infectious either bound to soil particles or in aerosols. In addition, viruses just as prions can maintain their ability to infection, remaining in the ground for a long time. Therefore, lethal prions can be developed by malicious researchers, who could use it to attack political enemies causing diseases above suspicion.
{"title":"Prions disease and pandemic risk by H5N1 avian influenza A virus (IAV) and risk of biological weapons","authors":"Eric Almeida Xavier","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0028","url":null,"abstract":"The new gain-of-function of pathogen neurotropic H5N1 avian influenza A virus (IAV) strain named IAV/WSN /33 (H1N1) induced not only the conversion of normal cell-surface glycoprotein (PrPC) into a prion beta-structure-rich insoluble conformer (PrPSc). But also, the formation of infectious prions in cultured mouse neuroblastoma (N2aC24) cells. Thus, is plausible to use this virus as a biological weapon. So, the major infectious risk is a recombinant virus of prions which can be dispersed by aerosol, emerging as potential danger since they can be used in the development of biological weapons. Because recombinant prions are infectious either bound to soil particles or in aerosols. In addition, viruses just as prions can maintain their ability to infection, remaining in the ground for a long time. Therefore, lethal prions can be developed by malicious researchers, who could use it to attack political enemies causing diseases above suspicion.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"52 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140482578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0019
Pratik B. Aru, Mayur S. Gulhane, Vinayak A. katekar, Swati P. Deshmukh
Quality by Design (QBD) represents a transformative approach to pharmaceutical development, emphasizing a systematic and science-driven methodology to ensure consistent product quality. This article explores various facets of QBD, ranging from its foundational principles to challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives. The journey begins with an introduction to QBD, outlining its key concepts and objectives. The article then delves into the key principles of QBD, such as the establishment of a design space and the importance of risk assessment. Real-time Release Testing (RTRT) is discussed as a critical element in ensuring product quality and consistency. Case studies are presented, showcasing successful implementations of QBD in drug development and highlighting their impact on product quality and regulatory compliance. The regulatory landscape is examined, focusing on expectations and requirements related to QBD, as well as the integration of QBD concepts into regulatory submissions. Challenges and opportunities associated with QBD implementation are thoroughly explored, addressing industry-wide adoption challenges and strategies to overcome resistance to change. Continuous improvement emerges as a central theme, with a focus on its role in refining processes, learning from experiences, and fostering a culture of innovation. The article then looks towards the future, discussing the integration of advanced technologies, including analytical tools and Industry 4.0, and their implications for QBD. Global harmonization efforts are examined, emphasizing collaborative initiatives and their impact on aligning regulatory expectations globally.
{"title":"Quality by Design (QbD) in pharmaceutical development: A comprehensive review","authors":"Pratik B. Aru, Mayur S. Gulhane, Vinayak A. katekar, Swati P. Deshmukh","doi":"10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.1.0019","url":null,"abstract":"Quality by Design (QBD) represents a transformative approach to pharmaceutical development, emphasizing a systematic and science-driven methodology to ensure consistent product quality. This article explores various facets of QBD, ranging from its foundational principles to challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives. The journey begins with an introduction to QBD, outlining its key concepts and objectives. The article then delves into the key principles of QBD, such as the establishment of a design space and the importance of risk assessment. Real-time Release Testing (RTRT) is discussed as a critical element in ensuring product quality and consistency. Case studies are presented, showcasing successful implementations of QBD in drug development and highlighting their impact on product quality and regulatory compliance. The regulatory landscape is examined, focusing on expectations and requirements related to QBD, as well as the integration of QBD concepts into regulatory submissions. Challenges and opportunities associated with QBD implementation are thoroughly explored, addressing industry-wide adoption challenges and strategies to overcome resistance to change. Continuous improvement emerges as a central theme, with a focus on its role in refining processes, learning from experiences, and fostering a culture of innovation. The article then looks towards the future, discussing the integration of advanced technologies, including analytical tools and Industry 4.0, and their implications for QBD. Global harmonization efforts are examined, emphasizing collaborative initiatives and their impact on aligning regulatory expectations globally.","PeriodicalId":12808,"journal":{"name":"GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"143 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140483601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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