In this letter, a multi-dimensional dual-frequency physical layer cross-domain fusion secure distribution scheme is proposed. The scheme achieves physical isolation by using different frequencies to transmit encrypted data and key data within the W-band. The encrypted data is modulated using 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) to ensure information capacity, while the key is modulated using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and interpolated to ensure reliable transmission. The overall system supports a data transmission rate of 20 Gb/s. Experimental results demonstrate that the encrypted data and the key can be transmitted and received simultaneously without crosstalk between them. This scheme can effectively prevent against brute attacks with the expanded key space of $10^{119}$ , the bit error rate (BER) of the illegal user is above 0.4, while leveraging the W-band high-speed, high-capacity transmission to enhance communication system efficiency and performance, thereby enabling the development of secure communication.
{"title":"Multi-Dimensional Dual-Frequency Physical Layer Cross-Domain Fusion Secure Distribution Scheme","authors":"Xiantao Yang;Bo Liu;Jianxin Ren;Yaya Mao;Qing Zhong;Zhiruo Guo;Shuaidong Chen;Xiumin Song;Pengfei Tian;Na Li;Rahat Ullah;Feng Wang","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2026.3666161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2026.3666161","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a multi-dimensional dual-frequency physical layer cross-domain fusion secure distribution scheme is proposed. The scheme achieves physical isolation by using different frequencies to transmit encrypted data and key data within the W-band. The encrypted data is modulated using 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) to ensure information capacity, while the key is modulated using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and interpolated to ensure reliable transmission. The overall system supports a data transmission rate of 20 Gb/s. Experimental results demonstrate that the encrypted data and the key can be transmitted and received simultaneously without crosstalk between them. This scheme can effectively prevent against brute attacks with the expanded key space of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$10^{119}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, the bit error rate (BER) of the illegal user is above 0.4, while leveraging the W-band high-speed, high-capacity transmission to enhance communication system efficiency and performance, thereby enabling the development of secure communication.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"38 11","pages":"739-742"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147362337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-19DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2026.3666163
Yanrong Zhai;Zhanbo Zhou;Jiaqi Xiang;Yanjia Hu;Shuna Yang;Hao Chi;Bo Yang
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a simultaneous optical pulse repetition-rate division and multiplication scheme based on the Talbot effect. By employing two dispersion media under identical phase modulation conditions, optical pulse repetition-rate division and multiplication are realized through inverse Talbot effect and fractional Talbot effect, respectively. The division and multiplication factors can be dynamically tuned by adjusting the phase modulation parameters while preserving the dispersion conditions. A proof-of-concept experiment demonstrates simultaneous repetition-rate division and multiplication with a factor of 3, whereas numerical simulations confirm the feasibility of higher repetition-rate division and multiplication factors.
{"title":"Simultaneous Optical Pulse Repetition-Rate Division and Multiplication via the Talbot Effect","authors":"Yanrong Zhai;Zhanbo Zhou;Jiaqi Xiang;Yanjia Hu;Shuna Yang;Hao Chi;Bo Yang","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2026.3666163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2026.3666163","url":null,"abstract":"We propose and experimentally demonstrate a simultaneous optical pulse repetition-rate division and multiplication scheme based on the Talbot effect. By employing two dispersion media under identical phase modulation conditions, optical pulse repetition-rate division and multiplication are realized through inverse Talbot effect and fractional Talbot effect, respectively. The division and multiplication factors can be dynamically tuned by adjusting the phase modulation parameters while preserving the dispersion conditions. A proof-of-concept experiment demonstrates simultaneous repetition-rate division and multiplication with a factor of 3, whereas numerical simulations confirm the feasibility of higher repetition-rate division and multiplication factors.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"38 11","pages":"759-762"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147362309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We experimentally demonstrate a compact thermo-optic (TO) switchable mode converter (MC) based on a planar light-wave circuit (PLC) platform using polymer materials for rotation of the $LP_{11a}$ to $LP_{11b}$ mode. The fabricated device consists of a three-mode straight waveguide with a heater integrated atop a waveguide. The experimental results show switchable mode conversion for the transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations in a wavelength range of 1540–1560 nm. The power applied for the complete mode rotation was 80.1 mW ($LP_{11a}$ to $LP_{11b}$ ) and 83.8 mW ($LP_{11b}$ to $LP_{11a}$ ). The output near-field patterns verify the conversion mechanism and effectiveness. This device is a promising component for reconfigurable mode-division multiplexed systems.
{"title":"Polymer-Based Thermo-Optic Switchable Mode Converter for Reconfigurable Optical Networks","authors":"Areez Khalil Memon;Faisal Khan;Muhammad Talha Khan","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2026.3666247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2026.3666247","url":null,"abstract":"We experimentally demonstrate a compact thermo-optic (TO) switchable mode converter (MC) based on a planar light-wave circuit (PLC) platform using polymer materials for rotation of the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$LP_{11a}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math>$LP_{11b}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mode. The fabricated device consists of a three-mode straight waveguide with a heater integrated atop a waveguide. The experimental results show switchable mode conversion for the transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations in a wavelength range of 1540–1560 nm. The power applied for the complete mode rotation was 80.1 mW (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$LP_{11a}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math>$LP_{11b}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and 83.8 mW (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$LP_{11b}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math>$LP_{11a}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). The output near-field patterns verify the conversion mechanism and effectiveness. This device is a promising component for reconfigurable mode-division multiplexed systems.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"38 11","pages":"707-710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147280891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-17DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2026.3665756
Zhengyang Zhong;Zhen Chen;Haitao Yan;Daofu Han
This study presents an ultra-sensitive temperature sensor using tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs). By analyzing accumulated cladding-mode wavelength shifts with neural networks, we achieve an enhancement of the TFBG’s resolution from its intrinsic value of 10.2 pm/°C up to 490.24 pm/°C, more than 40 times higher than conventional FBGs. The system reaches $0.15~^{circ }$ C accuracy across 40-$140~^{circ }$ C, with 0.99979 goodness-of-fit and 0.0007087 nm/°C standard deviation (SE), near-ideal linearity and low SE. Unlike traditional peak-tracking, our machine learning approach decodes complex multi-mode coupling in TFBG spectra, enabling sub-degree resolution and high stability. This strategy advances high-precision fiber-optic sensing for industrial temperature monitoring and multimode integrated detection.
{"title":"Temperature Sensing Based on Accumulation of Mode Shifts in TFBG","authors":"Zhengyang Zhong;Zhen Chen;Haitao Yan;Daofu Han","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2026.3665756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2026.3665756","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an ultra-sensitive temperature sensor using tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs). By analyzing accumulated cladding-mode wavelength shifts with neural networks, we achieve an enhancement of the TFBG’s resolution from its intrinsic value of 10.2 pm/°C up to 490.24 pm/°C, more than 40 times higher than conventional FBGs. The system reaches <inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.15~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C accuracy across 40-<inline-formula> <tex-math>$140~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C, with 0.99979 goodness-of-fit and 0.0007087 nm/°C standard deviation (SE), near-ideal linearity and low SE. Unlike traditional peak-tracking, our machine learning approach decodes complex multi-mode coupling in TFBG spectra, enabling sub-degree resolution and high stability. This strategy advances high-precision fiber-optic sensing for industrial temperature monitoring and multimode integrated detection.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"38 11","pages":"747-750"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147362306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, we first present a miniaturized fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) transceiver based on an ultra-low loss silicon nitride (SiN) photonic chip operating at O-band. The photonic chip serves as a power splitter and polarizer, featuring high-efficiency edge couplers for hybrid integration with an external broadband light source and a high-performance photodetector (PD). The transceiver is co-assembled based on a standard butterfly package with a thermo-electric cooler (TEC). At a driving current of 100 mA, the transceiver produces an output power of 1.36 mW, which increases to 4.25 mW at 200 mA. Built with a fiber coil with ~380 m length and ~60 mm average diameter, the preliminary transceiver-based FOG exhibits the 10 s Allan deviation of $0.0969~^{circ }$ /h and the angular random walk (ARW) of $0.0058~^{circ }$ /$sqrt {h}$ , which is comparable with their discrete counterparts. By integrating the high-power integration advantages of the SiN photonic platform with a reduction in fiber splices, this approach lays a solid foundation for developing more compact, high-precision, and high-power-required fiber-optic sensing systems.
{"title":"Miniaturized Fiber Optic Gyroscope Transceiver Based on a SiN Photonic Chip","authors":"Hongmin Fu;Tonghui Li;Fengjie Zhou;Shan Gao;Shijia Fan;Peng Wu;Jia Yang;Chao Wang;Huacheng Liu;Heng Zhao;Jingming Song;Li Jin;Naidi Cui;Junbo Feng;Zhizhou Lu","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2026.3665670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2026.3665670","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we first present a miniaturized fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) transceiver based on an ultra-low loss silicon nitride (SiN) photonic chip operating at O-band. The photonic chip serves as a power splitter and polarizer, featuring high-efficiency edge couplers for hybrid integration with an external broadband light source and a high-performance photodetector (PD). The transceiver is co-assembled based on a standard butterfly package with a thermo-electric cooler (TEC). At a driving current of 100 mA, the transceiver produces an output power of 1.36 mW, which increases to 4.25 mW at 200 mA. Built with a fiber coil with ~380 m length and ~60 mm average diameter, the preliminary transceiver-based FOG exhibits the 10 s Allan deviation of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.0969~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/h and the angular random walk (ARW) of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.0058~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/<inline-formula> <tex-math>$sqrt {h}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which is comparable with their discrete counterparts. By integrating the high-power integration advantages of the SiN photonic platform with a reduction in fiber splices, this approach lays a solid foundation for developing more compact, high-precision, and high-power-required fiber-optic sensing systems.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"38 11","pages":"751-754"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147362335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) light detection and ranging (LiDAR) enables high-sensitivity detection and simultaneous range–velocity estimation by converting round-trip time delay into a beat frequency. However, at long distances, laser phase noise causes decorrelation between the reference and echo fields, degrading measurement precision beyond the laser’s coherence length. To overcome this limitation, we propose a carrier-aided dual-sideband residual-carrier modulation (DSB-RCM) scheme. After coherent detection, the extracted residual-carrier tone and the de-chirped beat are spectrally isolated and multiplied in the electrical domain to suppress common laser phase noise, yielding a phase-noise-cancelled beat. We demonstrate a proof-of-concept system using a single Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM) driven by a 2 GHz sawtooth chirp and a distributed feedback (DFB) laser with 12.5 MHz linewidth. Using fiber delays to emulate long-distance propagation, the system achieves ranging precision approaching the range-bin spacing (10 cm) at an equivalent distance of 80 km—exceeding the laser’s coherence length by more than 15000 times. By relaxing the stringent linewidth requirements of coherent FMCW LiDAR, this approach enables the use of low-cost, MHz-linewidth DFB lasers in long-range systems, thereby providing a compact and scalable pathway to high-precision ranging and imaging.
{"title":"Overcoming Laser Phase Noise in FMCW LiDAR via Dual-Sideband Residual-Carrier Modulation","authors":"Tianchi Zhong;Xiang Cai;Yixiao Zhu;Xian Zhou;Fan Zhang","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2026.3665743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2026.3665743","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) light detection and ranging (LiDAR) enables high-sensitivity detection and simultaneous range–velocity estimation by converting round-trip time delay into a beat frequency. However, at long distances, laser phase noise causes decorrelation between the reference and echo fields, degrading measurement precision beyond the laser’s coherence length. To overcome this limitation, we propose a carrier-aided dual-sideband residual-carrier modulation (DSB-RCM) scheme. After coherent detection, the extracted residual-carrier tone and the de-chirped beat are spectrally isolated and multiplied in the electrical domain to suppress common laser phase noise, yielding a phase-noise-cancelled beat. We demonstrate a proof-of-concept system using a single Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM) driven by a 2 GHz sawtooth chirp and a distributed feedback (DFB) laser with 12.5 MHz linewidth. Using fiber delays to emulate long-distance propagation, the system achieves ranging precision approaching the range-bin spacing (10 cm) at an equivalent distance of 80 km—exceeding the laser’s coherence length by more than 15000 times. By relaxing the stringent linewidth requirements of coherent FMCW LiDAR, this approach enables the use of low-cost, MHz-linewidth DFB lasers in long-range systems, thereby providing a compact and scalable pathway to high-precision ranging and imaging.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"38 11","pages":"695-698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147280901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Metasurfaces operating at exceptional points (EPs) provide a phase control mechanism via topological protection. Most existing EP-based designs, however, remain constrained to single-wavelength operation. In this work, we propose a multiplexed-EP strategy in a single metasurface with quick response (QR)-code meta-atoms for multi-wavelength phase engineering. Using the direct binary search algorithm, we optimized a singular meta-atom geometry supporting EPs simultaneously at three wavelengths. By exploiting the inherent $2pi $ topological phase, we designed a wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) holographic metasurface, numerically validated via full-wave simulations. This work establishes a generalized framework for WDM metasurfaces, with promising applications in high-capacity and multifunctional photonic devices.
{"title":"Multiplexed Exceptional Point Operation in a Single Metasurface for WDM Phase Control","authors":"Mingzhe Zhang;Baifu Zhang;Zhiwei Zeng;Shangchen Li;Xiao Luo;Zefan Zhang;Ji Xu;Jianping Ding","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2026.3665772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2026.3665772","url":null,"abstract":"Metasurfaces operating at exceptional points (EPs) provide a phase control mechanism via topological protection. Most existing EP-based designs, however, remain constrained to single-wavelength operation. In this work, we propose a multiplexed-EP strategy in a single metasurface with quick response (QR)-code meta-atoms for multi-wavelength phase engineering. Using the direct binary search algorithm, we optimized a singular meta-atom geometry supporting EPs simultaneously at three wavelengths. By exploiting the inherent <inline-formula> <tex-math>$2pi $ </tex-math></inline-formula> topological phase, we designed a wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) holographic metasurface, numerically validated via full-wave simulations. This work establishes a generalized framework for WDM metasurfaces, with promising applications in high-capacity and multifunctional photonic devices.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"38 11","pages":"731-734"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147299749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-17DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2026.3665698
Xiangyu Zhao;Xianwen Huang;Dong Qiu;Zhengqiong Dong;Lei Nie;Jian Wang;Jinlong Zhu;Shiyuan Liu
Focus variation microscopy (FVM) enables non-contact, three-dimensional measurements on the micro- and nano-scales, which are crucial in applications such as precision engineering and machining process control. Here, we report single-snapshot focus variation microscopy (S-FVM), which improves acquisition speed and reduces data bandwidth by capturing compressed images. Moreover, we use structural complementary masks for encoding to obtain high-quality and stable demodulated images. The acquired compressed images effectively preserve the optical information, owing to the inherent periodic ordering characteristics of the structural complementary masks. The fast topographic imaging capability of S-FVM was experimentally confirmed by measuring samples containing machined. This work provides a potential solution for high-speed topographic imaging.
{"title":"Single-Snapshot Focus Variation Microscopy for High-Speed Topographic Optical Imaging","authors":"Xiangyu Zhao;Xianwen Huang;Dong Qiu;Zhengqiong Dong;Lei Nie;Jian Wang;Jinlong Zhu;Shiyuan Liu","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2026.3665698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2026.3665698","url":null,"abstract":"Focus variation microscopy (FVM) enables non-contact, three-dimensional measurements on the micro- and nano-scales, which are crucial in applications such as precision engineering and machining process control. Here, we report single-snapshot focus variation microscopy (S-FVM), which improves acquisition speed and reduces data bandwidth by capturing compressed images. Moreover, we use structural complementary masks for encoding to obtain high-quality and stable demodulated images. The acquired compressed images effectively preserve the optical information, owing to the inherent periodic ordering characteristics of the structural complementary masks. The fast topographic imaging capability of S-FVM was experimentally confirmed by measuring samples containing machined. This work provides a potential solution for high-speed topographic imaging.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"38 11","pages":"711-714"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147280896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-17DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2026.3665804
Ye Zhou;Mingxu Wang;Jiali Chen;Xin Lu;Yifan Chen;Wen Zhou;Kaihui Wang;Jianjun Yu
Recent advances in mobile networks increasingly rely on high-frequency bands such as millimeter-wave (mmWave) to deliver multi-gigabit data rates. Photonics-assisted wireless technology further enhances system performance with ultra-high bandwidth, large capacity, and extended reach. This letter experimentally verifies an indoor WiFi coverage system supported by Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) based on an omnidirectional antenna, systematically testing the WiFi communication characteristics of 60 GHz millimeter waves in complex indoor environments. Comparative experiments were conducted in line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios, with extensive empirical measurements and performance evaluations performed at 25 different indoor receiving locations. Experimental results demonstrate that the RoF-supported millimeter-wave WiFi architecture possesses good coverage capabilities and communication feasibility in complex indoor environments. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic experimental verification of the feasibility of millimeter-wave WiFi coverage in a real-world complex indoor scenario, providing a practically valuable reference solution for high-capacity, high-speed indoor wireless access towards future the sixth generation (6G).
{"title":"Radio-Over-Fiber Enabled Evaluation of Coverage and Capacity in Indoor mmWave Communication","authors":"Ye Zhou;Mingxu Wang;Jiali Chen;Xin Lu;Yifan Chen;Wen Zhou;Kaihui Wang;Jianjun Yu","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2026.3665804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2026.3665804","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in mobile networks increasingly rely on high-frequency bands such as millimeter-wave (mmWave) to deliver multi-gigabit data rates. Photonics-assisted wireless technology further enhances system performance with ultra-high bandwidth, large capacity, and extended reach. This letter experimentally verifies an indoor WiFi coverage system supported by Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) based on an omnidirectional antenna, systematically testing the WiFi communication characteristics of 60 GHz millimeter waves in complex indoor environments. Comparative experiments were conducted in line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios, with extensive empirical measurements and performance evaluations performed at 25 different indoor receiving locations. Experimental results demonstrate that the RoF-supported millimeter-wave WiFi architecture possesses good coverage capabilities and communication feasibility in complex indoor environments. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic experimental verification of the feasibility of millimeter-wave WiFi coverage in a real-world complex indoor scenario, providing a practically valuable reference solution for high-capacity, high-speed indoor wireless access towards future the sixth generation (6G).","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"38 11","pages":"715-718"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147299660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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