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Fiber-to-Chip Packaging With Robust Fiber Fusion Splicing for Low-Temperature Applications 采用强力光纤熔接技术的光纤到芯片封装,适用于低温应用
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3452039
Aaron Hutchins;David Reens;Dave Kharas;Gavin N. West;Cheryl Sorace-Agaskar;John Chiaverini;Robert McConnell;Reuel Swint;Opeyemi Akanbi;Shannon Harding;Wei Guo
Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs) have emerged as a promising technology to support applications including datacom, AI, RF signal processing, and quantum computing and sensing. A critical aspect of PIC-based systems is the ability to transmit optical signals between chips, which requires a low-loss, robust interface between the PIC-chip and optical fiber. Here we present a thorough examination of a fiber fusion attachment process to create such an interface. The process used a CO2 laser to heat and fuse the fiber to a silicon nitride chip and achieved a measured coupling loss of ~2.45 dB/facet for 1550 nm light, which represents a reduction in loss of 0.5dB/facet from prior to the fusion splice being formed. A force sensor was integrated into the fusion splicing process to allow for quantitative analysis of splicing conditions. Additionally, the robustness of the fusion splicing process was demonstrated by repeated temperature cycling of a spliced chip between 193 K and 293 K led to an increase in loss of only 0.3 dB after five cycles.
光子集成电路(PIC)已成为支持数据通信、人工智能、射频信号处理以及量子计算和传感等应用的一项前景广阔的技术。基于 PIC 的系统的一个关键方面是芯片之间传输光信号的能力,这就需要在 PIC 芯片和光纤之间建立一个低损耗、坚固耐用的接口。在此,我们对光纤熔接工艺进行了深入研究,以创建这样的接口。该工艺使用二氧化碳激光器将光纤加热并熔接到氮化硅芯片上,1550 nm 光的耦合损耗测量值约为 2.45 dB/facet,与熔接前相比,损耗降低了 0.5dB/facet。熔接过程中集成了力传感器,可对熔接条件进行定量分析。此外,通过在 193 K 和 293 K 之间反复循环拼接芯片的温度,证明了融合拼接过程的稳健性,经过五个循环后,损耗仅增加了 0.3 分贝。
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引用次数: 0
Ultra-Compact and Ultra-Low Insertion Loss Silicon Optical Polarizer Based on Inverse Design 基于逆向设计的超紧凑、超低插入损耗硅光学偏振器
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3451615
Li Liu;Bei Liao;Ping Zhao;Wei Xue;Cong Hu
As the key device to realize polarization diversity function, the optical polarizer is a favorable way to solve the polarization sensitivity problem of silicon photonic devices. Nevertheless, on-chip silicon polarizers are still difficult to balance the compact size and superior performance. In order to break the above problems, an inverse design method is exploited to achieve ultra-compact silicon transverse electrical (TE)-pass polarizers. Compared with the reported polarizers (tens of micrometers), the 5.43- $mu $ m-length of the proposed polarizer is significantly reduced by an order of magnitude. More importantly, the minimum insertion loss is as low as 0.17 dB and the experimental operation bandwidth could realize 100 nm (1500 nm~1600 nm). Furthermore, the maximum value of the extinction ratios could realize up to 32.2 dB. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time to realize silicon optical polarizers with a record ultra-short length of $5.43~mu $ m, ultra-low insertion loss of 0.17 dB and wide bandwidth of 100 nm based on the inverse design method. The proposed optical polarizers have great potential applications in on-chip high-performance and high-capacity optical communication systems.
作为实现偏振分集功能的关键器件,光偏振器是解决硅光子器件偏振敏感性问题的有利途径。然而,片上硅偏振器仍然难以兼顾紧凑的尺寸和优异的性能。为了解决上述问题,我们利用反向设计方法实现了超小型硅横向电(TE)通偏振器。与已报道的偏振器(数十微米)相比,所提出的偏振器的 5.43- $mu $ m 长度大大减少了一个数量级。更重要的是,最小插入损耗低至 0.17 dB,实验操作带宽可实现 100 nm(1500 nm~1600 nm)。此外,消光比的最大值可达 32.2 dB。据我们所知,这是首次基于逆向设计方法实现了硅光偏振片创纪录的5.43~mu $ m超短长度、0.17 dB超低插入损耗和100 nm宽带宽。所提出的光偏振器在片上高性能和大容量光通信系统中具有巨大的应用潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Robust Identification and Recovery of Obscured CO₂ Absorption Signals Using Deep Machine Learning 利用深度机器学习鲁棒识别和恢复被遮挡的 CO₂ 吸收信号
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3451014
Faezeh Abbasi;Zahra Shabani;Mohammad Sadegh Yazdani;Alireza Khorsandi
We present the efficacy of deep learning (DL) in identifying and recovering the CO2 absorption line from a noisy spectrum. Following a simulation-based assessment of the DL method’s capabilities, it was applied in an experiment utilizing a lock-in amplifier and mechanical chopper as a phase-sensitive detection unit. The results demonstrate that the DL method is fully qualified to replace traditional noise-reduction systems, simplifying spectroscopy while ensuring reliability and intelligence.
我们介绍了深度学习(DL)在从噪声光谱中识别和恢复二氧化碳吸收线方面的功效。在对 DL 方法的能力进行模拟评估之后,我们将其应用于利用锁相放大器和机械斩波器作为相敏检测单元的实验中。结果表明,DL 方法完全可以取代传统的降噪系统,在简化光谱分析的同时确保可靠性和智能性。
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引用次数: 0
Data Communication Using Blue GaN-on-Si Micro-LEDs Reported on a 200-mm Silicon Substrate 在 200 毫米硅衬底上使用蓝色硅基氮化镓微型发光二极管进行数据通信的报告
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3451244
Sultan El Badaoui;Luc Maret;Nicolas Delaunay;Anthony Cibié;Patrick Le Maitre;Clement Ballot;Julia Simon;Bastien Miralles;Bernard Aventurier;Paolo De Martino;Stephanie Jacob;Yannis Le Guennec
In this letter, Gallium Nitride (GaN) blue micro-Light-Emitting-Diodes ( $mu $ LEDs) reported on a 200-mm Silicon substrate are utilized for multi-Gb/s data transmission. The manufacturing process is compatible with CMOS integrated circuit design, paving the way for fully integrated transmitters for $mu $ LED-based visible light communications (VLC) or chip-to-chip interconnects. Fiber-guided transmission has been realized using direct current optical-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DCO-OFDM) modulation, and a data rate of 5.9 Gb/s at a Bit-Error-Rate (BER) of $3.8times 10 ^{-3}$ is reported using a single $50 times 50~mu $ m2 blue $mu $ LED. This data rate was further improved to reach 15.5 Gb/s in the case where the $mu $ LED is only limited by its non-linear distortions instead of the system’s noise, highlighting the high linearity of GaN $mu $ LEDs.
在这封信中,氮化镓(GaN)蓝色微型发光二极管($mu $ LEDs)在200毫米硅衬底上被用于多Gb/s数据传输。该制造工艺与 CMOS 集成电路设计兼容,为基于 $mu $ LED 的可见光通信 (VLC) 或芯片到芯片互连的全集成发射器铺平了道路。使用直流电光正交频分复用(DCO-OFDM)调制技术实现了光纤引导传输,并报告了使用单个50美元乘以50~mu美元的m2蓝色LED,在误码率(BER)为3.8美元乘以10 ^{-3}美元的情况下实现了5.9 Gb/s的数据传输速率。在LED仅受其非线性失真而非系统噪声限制的情况下,这一数据传输率进一步提高到15.5 Gb/s,凸显了氮化镓LED的高线性度。
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引用次数: 0
Word Length Dependent Sensitivity Penalty in High Speed VCSEL-Based Optical Interconnects 基于 VCSEL 的高速光互连中与字长相关的灵敏度惩罚
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3451141
M. Bilal Aziz;Stavros Giannakopoulos;Alexander Grabowski;Peter Andrekson
The use of long pseudo-random bit sequences to emulate random data in optical transmission links often gives rise to degradation of the receiver sensitivity for a given target bit error rate resulting in a power budget penalty. This is a well know fact and conventionally attributed to the non-ideal response of the system at very low frequencies. Here, we investigate this in the context of directly-modulated vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) based optical interconnects. We observe, both in simulations and in experiments, a substantial increase in the penalty with long sequences especially at symbol rates exceeding the VCSEL bandwidth. Our results show that this is related to the high frequency dynamic behavior of the VCSEL itself and we identify a few certain short bit sequences that cause the large penalty observed. We also show that the penalty can be significantly reduced by a simple modification of the sequences.
在光传输链路中使用长伪随机比特序列来模拟随机数据,往往会导致接收器灵敏度下降,无法达到给定的误码率目标,从而造成功率预算损失。这是众所周知的事实,传统上归因于系统在极低频率下的非理想响应。在此,我们以基于直接调制垂直腔表面发射激光器(VCSEL)的光互连为背景对此进行了研究。我们在模拟和实验中都观察到,长序列(尤其是在符号率超过 VCSEL 带宽时)的惩罚会大幅增加。我们的研究结果表明,这与 VCSEL 本身的高频动态行为有关,而且我们还确定了一些特定的短比特序列,这些短比特序列会导致所观察到的大惩罚。我们还表明,只需对序列进行简单的修改,就能显著减少惩罚。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Quantum Dot Full-Color Display Performance Through Black Matrix Width Modulation 通过黑矩阵宽度调制提升量子点全彩显示屏性能
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3450713
Ming Yi Lin;Qiao-Ting Li;Yi-Lin Li
In this study, we aim to explore the application of a resonant cavity structure in quantum dot full-color display technology, with a specific focus on the impact of black matrix (BM) width on display performance. We propose two theoretical calculation methods to evaluate how BM width influences the image performance of displays. Through systematic investigation, we observed that increasing the BM width from 0 nm to 25 nm can decrease the cross talk between subpixels from 48.65% to 0%. Additionally, improvements can be made to reduce the Aliasing Effect between subpixels. The color gamut of the images can be enhanced across all three display structures examined in this research. Notably, the display featuring the Ag/ZnO/Ag sandwich structure achieves a color gamut ratio of 100.65% Adobe RGB, with a color gamut coverage of 87.17% Adobe RGB.
在本研究中,我们旨在探索谐振腔结构在量子点全彩显示技术中的应用,尤其关注黑色矩阵(BM)宽度对显示性能的影响。我们提出了两种理论计算方法来评估黑矩阵宽度对显示器图像性能的影响。通过系统研究,我们发现将黑矩阵宽度从 0 nm 增加到 25 nm 可以将子像素之间的串扰从 48.65% 降低到 0%。此外,还可以通过改进来减少子像素之间的混叠效应。在本研究考察的所有三种显示结构中,图像的色域都可以得到增强。值得注意的是,采用 Ag/ZnO/Ag 夹层结构的显示器实现了 100.65% 的 Adobe RGB 色域比,色域覆盖率为 87.17% Adobe RGB。
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引用次数: 0
Multichannel Confocal Microscopy Using Mixed-Mode Fiber Pair for Cellular-Resolution Imaging 使用混合模式光纤对进行细胞分辨率成像的多通道共焦显微镜技术
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3449697
Yang Sing Leong;Nur Aisyah Binti Kebehi;Mohd Hadri Hafiz Mokhtar;Mohd Saiful Dzulkefly Zan;Norhana Arsad;Ahmad Ashrif A. Bakar
This letter presents a study on the imaging capabilities of a mixed-mode fibre cantilever-based endoscopic scanner using cladding mode and multimode core detection methods. Characterization of the mixed-mode fibre cantilever was performed to determine the properties of the fibre cantilever and assess the capability of detection via the multimode core detection. Furthermore, we demonstrated the capabilities of these detection modes by imaging cellular samples. The findings reveal that cladding mode detection provides a bright image of the cellular structures with the $16.8~mu $ m nucleus. Meanwhile, the images obtained from the multimode core detection reveal the irregularities on the surface, producing a pseudo-three-dimensional image of the sample. The application of multiple detection methods in the endoscopic scanner opens up new potential for more comprehensive optical imaging applications.
这封信介绍了利用包层模式和多模纤芯检测方法对基于混合模式光纤悬臂的内窥镜扫描仪的成像能力进行的研究。我们对混合模式光纤悬臂进行了表征,以确定光纤悬臂的特性,并评估通过多模纤芯检测的能力。此外,我们还通过对细胞样本进行成像,展示了这些检测模式的能力。研究结果表明,包层模式检测可提供细胞结构的明亮图像,细胞核的大小为 16.8 美元。同时,多模核检测所获得的图像能显示样品表面的不规则性,产生样品的伪三维图像。多种检测方法在内窥镜扫描仪中的应用为更全面的光学成像应用开辟了新的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Estimation Method for Surface and Medium Loss of Fabry-Pérot Etalon 法布里-佩罗埃塔隆表面和介质损耗的估算方法
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3449345
Nana Zhang;Zhaopeng Yuan;Junhong Yu;Lei Huang;Hongxin Wang;Renpu Li;Yongrui Guo;Yong Ma
The Fabry-Pérot (FP) etalon is widely applied in experimental research across various fields. In most experiments, the etalon is generally regarded as an ideal optical device. However, if there is any loss in the FP etalon, its parameters including transmittance, linewidth, and finesse will be affected, which will in turn affect the experimental results. In this letter, we propose an estimation method for surface and medium losses of FP etalon. When the FP etalon is not filled with any medium, we establish a relationship between the peak transmittance of the etalon and the surface loss through theoretical calculations. When the FP etalon is filled with a medium, we derive a relationship between the peak transmittance of the etalon and both the surface and the medium loss through calculations. The two functional relationships we established provide a theoretical foundation for experimental measurements of the surface and medium loss of the FP etalon. Based on these functional relationships, we propose a method for estimating the surface and medium losses of FP etalon. Our loss estimation method is also applicable to the FP interferometer.
法布里-佩罗(Fabry-Pérot,FP)等离子体被广泛应用于各个领域的实验研究。在大多数实验中,等离子体通常被视为理想的光学设备。然而,如果 FP 放大镜有任何损耗,其透射率、线宽和精细度等参数就会受到影响,进而影响实验结果。在这封信中,我们提出了一种估算 FP 等离子体表面和介质损耗的方法。当 FP 乙特隆未填充任何介质时,我们通过理论计算建立了乙特隆的峰值透射率与表面损耗之间的关系。当 FP 乙特隆中填充介质时,我们通过计算得出了乙特隆的峰值透射率与表面和介质损耗之间的关系。我们建立的这两个函数关系为 FP 乙特隆表面和介质损耗的实验测量提供了理论基础。根据这些函数关系,我们提出了一种估算 FP 乙太龙表面和介质损耗的方法。我们的损耗估算方法也适用于 FP 干涉仪。
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引用次数: 0
Modal Wavefront Reconstruction in Rotational Shearing Interferometer by Zernike Polynomials 用 Zernike 多项式重构旋转剪切干涉仪中的模态波面
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3449439
TienDung Vu;Huy Vu
A novel approach for wavefront reconstruction in rotational shearing interferometer is proposed. The correlation between the original and rotational wavefront is represented in matrix formalism, and the Zernike coefficient of the original wavefront is calculated from the interferogram wavefront through this matrix. We demonstrated the reconstruction ability of the method is efficient with negligible reconstruction errors by simulation. Experimental validation through the self-crosscheck property is introduced to indicate a uniform aberration of our collimator with high agreement.
提出了一种在旋转剪切干涉仪中重建波面的新方法。用矩阵形式表示原始波面和旋转波面之间的相关性,并通过该矩阵从干涉图波面计算原始波面的 Zernike 系数。我们通过仿真证明了该方法的重构能力是高效的,重构误差可以忽略不计。我们还引入了自交叉检验特性进行实验验证,结果表明我们的准直器具有均匀的像差,且一致性很高。
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引用次数: 0
Managing Grating Parameters for Longitudinal Steering with 1D Optical Phased Arrays 利用一维光学相控阵管理光栅参数以实现纵向转向
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1109/lpt.2024.3449089
Nam-Hyun Kwon, Hyeonho Yoon, Seong-Hwan Kim, Jae-Yong Kim, Junhyeong Kim, Jinhyeong Yoon, Jong-Bum You, Hamza Kurt, Hyo-Hoon Park
{"title":"Managing Grating Parameters for Longitudinal Steering with 1D Optical Phased Arrays","authors":"Nam-Hyun Kwon, Hyeonho Yoon, Seong-Hwan Kim, Jae-Yong Kim, Junhyeong Kim, Jinhyeong Yoon, Jong-Bum You, Hamza Kurt, Hyo-Hoon Park","doi":"10.1109/lpt.2024.3449089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2024.3449089","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142200636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
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