Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709293
T. Czaszejko
In this paper, results of Monte Carlo simulation, employed to determine the statistical distribution type for water tree lengths, are presented. The simulation involved generating log-normal and Weibull distributed populations from which left-truncated samples were drawn in the way resembling the process of water tree measurements performed with a finite resolution of 2.5 /spl mu/m. Then, distribution plots for truncated log-normal and truncated Weibull samples were compared, all in relation to the distribution plots typically obtained from microscopic measurements. The results obtained from the Monte Carlo simulation point to the log-normal distribution as a favorable statistical model, appropriate for representing a population of water tree lengths.
{"title":"Determination of statistical distribution of water tree lengths: Monte Carlo simulation","authors":"T. Czaszejko","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709293","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, results of Monte Carlo simulation, employed to determine the statistical distribution type for water tree lengths, are presented. The simulation involved generating log-normal and Weibull distributed populations from which left-truncated samples were drawn in the way resembling the process of water tree measurements performed with a finite resolution of 2.5 /spl mu/m. Then, distribution plots for truncated log-normal and truncated Weibull samples were compared, all in relation to the distribution plots typically obtained from microscopic measurements. The results obtained from the Monte Carlo simulation point to the log-normal distribution as a favorable statistical model, appropriate for representing a population of water tree lengths.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"1 1","pages":"333-336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88602642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709247
N. Kolev, P. Darjanov, E. Gadjeva, D. Darjanova
A new macromodel for general-purpose analysis programs is proposed. This model is suitable for simulation of partial discharges in solid inhomogeneous dielectrics with a large number of voids. It incorporates the classic equivalent parameters of the void, and as a part of a complex electrical scheme, acts automatically when the voltage across it reaches the local inception u/sub i/ and extinction u/sub e/ voltages. An important feature of the model is that the so called "memory effect" is taken into account. The model is created using the Design Center instruments for behavioral modeling and mixed-mode simulation. Examples are presented to illustrate how the proposed model is used for investigation of partial discharges.
{"title":"Partial discharge phenomena simulation using general-purpose analysis programs","authors":"N. Kolev, P. Darjanov, E. Gadjeva, D. Darjanova","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709247","url":null,"abstract":"A new macromodel for general-purpose analysis programs is proposed. This model is suitable for simulation of partial discharges in solid inhomogeneous dielectrics with a large number of voids. It incorporates the classic equivalent parameters of the void, and as a part of a complex electrical scheme, acts automatically when the voltage across it reaches the local inception u/sub i/ and extinction u/sub e/ voltages. An important feature of the model is that the so called \"memory effect\" is taken into account. The model is created using the Design Center instruments for behavioral modeling and mixed-mode simulation. Examples are presented to illustrate how the proposed model is used for investigation of partial discharges.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"1 1","pages":"149-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88155162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709264
Nungpyo Hong, Byung-Ki Song, Soo-Won Lee, Won-Chul Kim, Pil-Gyu Im, Jin-woong Hong
In order to investigated the electrical properties of silicone gel due to the curing condition, volume resistivity and dielectric strength are investigated. Some samples made under several different curing conditions are experimented. The relationship between dielectric strength and electrode distance is investigated as well in this paper. The external 60 Hz; 3 kV/sec AC voltage is applied to the specimen until the dielectric breakdown occurs. It is proved that the electrical properties of specimen cured at 170/spl deg/C, 60 minutes and 120 minutes are superior to the others in the experimental result.
{"title":"The electrical properties of silicone gel due to curing condition","authors":"Nungpyo Hong, Byung-Ki Song, Soo-Won Lee, Won-Chul Kim, Pil-Gyu Im, Jin-woong Hong","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709264","url":null,"abstract":"In order to investigated the electrical properties of silicone gel due to the curing condition, volume resistivity and dielectric strength are investigated. Some samples made under several different curing conditions are experimented. The relationship between dielectric strength and electrode distance is investigated as well in this paper. The external 60 Hz; 3 kV/sec AC voltage is applied to the specimen until the dielectric breakdown occurs. It is proved that the electrical properties of specimen cured at 170/spl deg/C, 60 minutes and 120 minutes are superior to the others in the experimental result.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"1 1","pages":"218-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87854993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709235
M. Megens, S. Rama, R. Ross
The RVM method is capable of detecting moisture in paper insulation, but its sensitivity is highly dependent on the geometry of the test object. The sensitivity depends on the electrode distance through oil and seems most sensitive when both electrodes are touching the paper insulation. In a practical transformer geometry, detection of moist winding insulation between windings with dry insulation, may be very difficult. The time of the maximum of the RVM spectrum is not affected by a variation of the input impedance of the measuring system, within reasonable bounds, of course. Because of extensive measuring times, the RVM method may be unpractical for paper insulated cable, as far as RVM spectra are concerned. Attention should then be focused on single or small sets of RV curves, instead of RVM spectra.
{"title":"Return voltage measurements on paper insulation of windings and cables","authors":"M. Megens, S. Rama, R. Ross","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709235","url":null,"abstract":"The RVM method is capable of detecting moisture in paper insulation, but its sensitivity is highly dependent on the geometry of the test object. The sensitivity depends on the electrode distance through oil and seems most sensitive when both electrodes are touching the paper insulation. In a practical transformer geometry, detection of moist winding insulation between windings with dry insulation, may be very difficult. The time of the maximum of the RVM spectrum is not affected by a variation of the input impedance of the measuring system, within reasonable bounds, of course. Because of extensive measuring times, the RVM method may be unpractical for paper insulated cable, as far as RVM spectra are concerned. Attention should then be focused on single or small sets of RV curves, instead of RVM spectra.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"16 1","pages":"98-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73354091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709345
L. Egiziano, V. Tucci, C. Petrarca, M. Vitelli
In this paper the first results concerning the characterization of filled elastomers used for stress control are reported. In particular, two types of cold shrink stress control tubes (SCTs) have been considered: one is based on EPDM and the other on silicon rubber. Their electrical properties are compared over a wide range of applied electrical, mechanical and thermal stresses.
{"title":"Effect of thermal and mechanical stresses on the electrical properties of stress grading materials","authors":"L. Egiziano, V. Tucci, C. Petrarca, M. Vitelli","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709345","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the first results concerning the characterization of filled elastomers used for stress control are reported. In particular, two types of cold shrink stress control tubes (SCTs) have been considered: one is based on EPDM and the other on silicon rubber. Their electrical properties are compared over a wide range of applied electrical, mechanical and thermal stresses.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"7 1","pages":"553-556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74493352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709255
T. Bertheau, T. Fuglister, S. Lanz
The availability of digital measuring equipment and wide acceptance of partial discharge measurement to assess insulation systems on generators and motors has opened the possibility for advanced partial discharge analysis techniques. In this paper the complete up to date process of ABB's partial discharge tools, that were specially designed for monitoring of rotating machines, is described. Special respect is given to the analysis of the data. This includes experience with many generators, some with impending insulation failure.
{"title":"Advanced partial discharge analysis techniques on generators and motors","authors":"T. Bertheau, T. Fuglister, S. Lanz","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709255","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of digital measuring equipment and wide acceptance of partial discharge measurement to assess insulation systems on generators and motors has opened the possibility for advanced partial discharge analysis techniques. In this paper the complete up to date process of ABB's partial discharge tools, that were specially designed for monitoring of rotating machines, is described. Special respect is given to the analysis of the data. This includes experience with many generators, some with impending insulation failure.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"111 1","pages":"181-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78106958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709280
M. Chipara, P. Notingher, J. Reyes, M. Chipara
The thermal degradation in air of PET within the glass transition range is a complex phenomenon. According to mechanical data it might be concluded that the thermooxidative degradation of PET is described by a single first order process. Due to the thickness of the sample and as the degradation temperatures were above T/sub A/, the thermooxidative degradation process is homogeneous. Thermal analysis have revealed the presence of a weak liquid-liquid transition. Both the liquid-liquid transition and the glass transition depends on degradation time and temperature. From the effect of the thermooxidative degradation on T/sub G/, it is possible to conclude that at low degradation temperatures the polymer crosslinks. At 150/spl deg/C, a transition from crosslinking to chain scissions at large degradation times (above 500 h) is noticed. Hence T/sub c/ depends on the degradation time and temperature. Dc electrical conduction measurements have revealed two competing first order relaxation processes, ascribed to crystalline and amorphous domains. Further studies are in course, in order to elucidate this behaviour.
{"title":"On the thermooxidative degradation of polyethyleneterephtalate","authors":"M. Chipara, P. Notingher, J. Reyes, M. Chipara","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709280","url":null,"abstract":"The thermal degradation in air of PET within the glass transition range is a complex phenomenon. According to mechanical data it might be concluded that the thermooxidative degradation of PET is described by a single first order process. Due to the thickness of the sample and as the degradation temperatures were above T/sub A/, the thermooxidative degradation process is homogeneous. Thermal analysis have revealed the presence of a weak liquid-liquid transition. Both the liquid-liquid transition and the glass transition depends on degradation time and temperature. From the effect of the thermooxidative degradation on T/sub G/, it is possible to conclude that at low degradation temperatures the polymer crosslinks. At 150/spl deg/C, a transition from crosslinking to chain scissions at large degradation times (above 500 h) is noticed. Hence T/sub c/ depends on the degradation time and temperature. Dc electrical conduction measurements have revealed two competing first order relaxation processes, ascribed to crystalline and amorphous domains. Further studies are in course, in order to elucidate this behaviour.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"134 7 1","pages":"283-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79626917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709295
P. Notingher, Florin Ciuprina, I. Radu
In this paper we present some aspects concerning the initiation and development of water trees in accelerated aged needle-plane specimens, made of low density polyethylene, and we make a correlation between the water tree shape the type and the degree of specimen degradation and the intensity of the electric field used for producing water trees.
{"title":"The influence of ageing process on the shape and the propagation kinetics of the water trees in needle-plane polyethylene samples","authors":"P. Notingher, Florin Ciuprina, I. Radu","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709295","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present some aspects concerning the initiation and development of water trees in accelerated aged needle-plane specimens, made of low density polyethylene, and we make a correlation between the water tree shape the type and the degree of specimen degradation and the intensity of the electric field used for producing water trees.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"150 1","pages":"341-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80095370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709349
R. Tobazéon, J. Filippini, C. Marteau
As an attempt to characterize the conductivity of solid insulating materials, the authors show that a step forward can be taken by extending the alternate square wave (ASW) method previously proposed-i.e. use of an alternate square wave of 10 V with variable half period from 0.1 s to 100 s (and even longer duration if necessary)-to record continuously transient currents down to 10/sup -15/ A. The capability of the measurement system has been checked by showing, in atmospheric air, the transition from the ohmic regime to the saturation regime, and by demonstrating that in the nonpolar liquid cyclohexane the ohmic regime takes place, as expected, in the range 0.1 s to 100 s. Measurements on commercial capacitors, using widely different insulating materials, and on polymer thick sheets have shown that perfectly reproducible results can be easily and quickly obtained. The new method has the special merit of overcoming the major inconvenience of the usual (and standardized) method of measurement of insulation resistance which is greatly affected by previous conditioning treatment.
{"title":"In search of a new method to measure the resistivity of insulating solids","authors":"R. Tobazéon, J. Filippini, C. Marteau","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709349","url":null,"abstract":"As an attempt to characterize the conductivity of solid insulating materials, the authors show that a step forward can be taken by extending the alternate square wave (ASW) method previously proposed-i.e. use of an alternate square wave of 10 V with variable half period from 0.1 s to 100 s (and even longer duration if necessary)-to record continuously transient currents down to 10/sup -15/ A. The capability of the measurement system has been checked by showing, in atmospheric air, the transition from the ohmic regime to the saturation regime, and by demonstrating that in the nonpolar liquid cyclohexane the ohmic regime takes place, as expected, in the range 0.1 s to 100 s. Measurements on commercial capacitors, using widely different insulating materials, and on polymer thick sheets have shown that perfectly reproducible results can be easily and quickly obtained. The new method has the special merit of overcoming the major inconvenience of the usual (and standardized) method of measurement of insulation resistance which is greatly affected by previous conditioning treatment.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"31 1","pages":"569-572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82269600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709227
K. Nagashima, X. Qin, Y. Tanaka, T. Takada
A new method is proposed to calibrate the experimental data measured by pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) method using deconvolution technique to obtain high resolution space charge distribution in coaxial cable. This new method is verified by numerical simulation.
{"title":"Calibration of accumulated space charge in power cable using PEA measurement","authors":"K. Nagashima, X. Qin, Y. Tanaka, T. Takada","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709227","url":null,"abstract":"A new method is proposed to calibrate the experimental data measured by pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) method using deconvolution technique to obtain high resolution space charge distribution in coaxial cable. This new method is verified by numerical simulation.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"7 1","pages":"60-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84783788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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