High atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD) reduces the calcium (Ca) distribution in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits, severely reducing fruit mass. Reducing the VPD or increasing Ca fertilizer is an important measure to improve Ca distribution in fruits. However, the mechanism through which VPD and Ca regulate fruit Ca distribution remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of high and low VPD and Ca levels on Ca distribution and fruit mass based on carbon fixation, water transport dynamics, and pectin and Ca content and identified key differential genes and metabolites through transcriptome and metabolome analyses. The results showed that both reducing VPD under low Ca and increasing Ca under high VPD increased water and Ca transport to fruits. The increased Ca combined with pectin to form Ca pectinate, which effectively stabilized the cell wall and enhanced the fruit mass. Reduced VPD under low Ca increased the distribution of Ca to fruits but decreased the distribution of Ca to leaves. Lower Ca distribution in leaves increased their absorption of other nutrients, such as potassium, magnesium, copper, and zinc, which increased the stomatal size and density, thereby improving plant carbon absorption and assimilation efficiency. However, transcriptomic and metabolomic data indicated that carbohydrates, as important regulatory factors under drought stress, increased significantly under high VPD, thereby reducing the fruit water potential while improving fruit water and Ca absorption. Therefore, the carbon assimilation efficiency, water transport capacity, and differential genes and metabolites regulated Ca distribution. This work provides a theoretical basis for environmental and fertilizer management in greenhouse tomato production.
{"title":"Physiology, transcriptomics, and metabolomics reveal the regulation of calcium distribution in tomato under reduced vapor pressure deficit and increased calcium fertilizer","authors":"Xuemei Yu, Luqi Niu, Yuxin Liu, Yuhui Zhang, Jianming Li, Shuhui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.03.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"High atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD) reduces the calcium (Ca) distribution in tomato (<ce:italic>Solanum lycopersicum</ce:italic> L.) fruits, severely reducing fruit mass. Reducing the VPD or increasing Ca fertilizer is an important measure to improve Ca distribution in fruits. However, the mechanism through which VPD and Ca regulate fruit Ca distribution remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of high and low VPD and Ca levels on Ca distribution and fruit mass based on carbon fixation, water transport dynamics, and pectin and Ca content and identified key differential genes and metabolites through transcriptome and metabolome analyses. The results showed that both reducing VPD under low Ca and increasing Ca under high VPD increased water and Ca transport to fruits. The increased Ca combined with pectin to form Ca pectinate, which effectively stabilized the cell wall and enhanced the fruit mass. Reduced VPD under low Ca increased the distribution of Ca to fruits but decreased the distribution of Ca to leaves. Lower Ca distribution in leaves increased their absorption of other nutrients, such as potassium, magnesium, copper, and zinc, which increased the stomatal size and density, thereby improving plant carbon absorption and assimilation efficiency. However, transcriptomic and metabolomic data indicated that carbohydrates, as important regulatory factors under drought stress, increased significantly under high VPD, thereby reducing the fruit water potential while improving fruit water and Ca absorption. Therefore, the carbon assimilation efficiency, water transport capacity, and differential genes and metabolites regulated Ca distribution. This work provides a theoretical basis for environmental and fertilizer management in greenhouse tomato production.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.hpj.2024.08.005
Jin Zhu, Yizhou Wang, Xian Zhou, Hechen Zhang, Shanshan Li, Liangsheng Wang
Petal blotch is a prevalent pigmentation pattern observed in the Xibei tree peony (Paeonia rockii), possessing significant aesthetic value and playing a crucial role in the species' reproduction and fitness. Despite years of research, deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying blotch formation remains challenging. As is well known, floral pigmentation is frequently associated with the familiar R2R3-MYB transcription factors. The key MYB anthocyanin activators of P. rockii ‘Shu Sheng Peng Mo’ were previously reported in our preceding study. In this study, we identified and characterized three R2R3-MYBs, PrMYBi1, PrMYBi2, and PrMYBi3, which belong to subgroup 4 (SG4) and play repressor roles in anthocyanin biosynthesis. A quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay indicated that the expression of PrMYBi1 and PrMYBi3 gradually increased during flowering development and was substantially up-regulated in non-blotch compared to blotch. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays demonstrated that PrMYBi(1–3) directly target the anthocyanin structural genes and repress their transcription. The genetic transformation of tobacco demonstrated that the overexpression of PrMYBi(1–3) decreased anthocyanin accumulation in flowers, with PrMYBi1 serving as the most effective repressor. Our results revealed that SG4 R2R3-MYBs negatively regulate the anthocyanin pathway in P. rockii conservatively, and we provide the definite members. These findings will advance future research to unravel the mystery of blotch pattern formation.
{"title":"Characterization of three novel R2R3-MYB transcription factors PrMYBi(1–3) repressing the anthocyanin biosynthesis in tree peony","authors":"Jin Zhu, Yizhou Wang, Xian Zhou, Hechen Zhang, Shanshan Li, Liangsheng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.08.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"Petal blotch is a prevalent pigmentation pattern observed in the Xibei tree peony (<ce:italic>Paeonia rockii</ce:italic>), possessing significant aesthetic value and playing a crucial role in the species' reproduction and fitness. Despite years of research, deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying blotch formation remains challenging. As is well known, floral pigmentation is frequently associated with the familiar R2R3-MYB transcription factors. The key MYB anthocyanin activators of <ce:italic>P. rockii</ce:italic> ‘Shu Sheng Peng Mo’ were previously reported in our preceding study. In this study, we identified and characterized three R2R3-MYBs, PrMYBi1, PrMYBi2, and PrMYBi3, which belong to subgroup 4 (SG4) and play repressor roles in anthocyanin biosynthesis. A quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay indicated that the expression of <ce:italic>PrMYBi1</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>PrMYBi3</ce:italic> gradually increased during flowering development and was substantially up-regulated in non-blotch compared to blotch. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays demonstrated that PrMYBi(1–3) directly target the anthocyanin structural genes and repress their transcription. The genetic transformation of tobacco demonstrated that the overexpression of <ce:italic>PrMYBi(1–3)</ce:italic> decreased anthocyanin accumulation in flowers, with PrMYBi1 serving as the most effective repressor. Our results revealed that SG4 R2R3-MYBs negatively regulate the anthocyanin pathway in <ce:italic>P. rockii</ce:italic> conservatively, and we provide the definite members. These findings will advance future research to unravel the mystery of blotch pattern formation.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-23DOI: 10.1016/j.hpj.2024.03.016
Yurong Deng, Jiangwei Yang, Jingjing Wei, Shengyan Liu, Liang Yang, Xiaofeng Wang, Ning Zhang, Huaijun Si
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small endogenous non-coding RNAs that direct post-transcriptional gene silencing. In plants, numerous miRNAs have been demonstrated to be regulated under drought-induced stress. However, the role of miRNAs in drought regulation remains unclear in potato. In this work, the function of stu-miR159a was investigated in responding to drought stress in potato. Upon examination, StGAMyb-like1 was identified as the target gene for stu-miR159a. Overexpression of stu-miR159a (stu-miR159a OE plants) increased sensitivity to drought, interference with stu-miR159a activity by target mimics (stu-miR159a ST plants) resulted in drought resistance. During drought treatment, the target gene StGAMyb-like1 showed increased activation in stu-miR159a ST plants compared to non-transgenic plants. In contrast, drought stress induced weaker activation of the target gene in stu-miR159a OE plants. In stu-miR159a ST plants, the expression of critical genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway (StF3′5′H, StF3′H and StCHS2) was increased by decreasing stu-miR159a activity and simultaneously increasing that of StGAMyb-like1. Meanwhile, with drought treatment, stu-miR159a ST plants exhibited higher anthocyanin accumulation than non-transgenic ones, indicating enhanced antioxidant capacity and improved drought tolerance. The above data support that stu-miR159a is a negative regulator of drought stress and provide new insights into the stu-miR159a-mediated regulation of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in controlling drought tolerance in potato.
{"title":"stu-miR159a negatively regulates anthocyanin-specific MYB transcription factor to mediate drought stress tolerance in potato","authors":"Yurong Deng, Jiangwei Yang, Jingjing Wei, Shengyan Liu, Liang Yang, Xiaofeng Wang, Ning Zhang, Huaijun Si","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.03.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small endogenous non-coding RNAs that direct post-transcriptional gene silencing. In plants, numerous miRNAs have been demonstrated to be regulated under drought-induced stress. However, the role of miRNAs in drought regulation remains unclear in potato. In this work, the function of stu-miR159a was investigated in responding to drought stress in potato. Upon examination, <ce:italic>StGAMyb-like1</ce:italic> was identified as the target gene for stu-miR159a. Overexpression of stu-miR159a (stu-miR159a OE plants) increased sensitivity to drought, interference with stu-miR159a activity by target mimics (stu-miR159a ST plants) resulted in drought resistance. During drought treatment, the target gene <ce:italic>StGAMyb-like1</ce:italic> showed increased activation in stu-miR159a ST plants compared to non-transgenic plants. In contrast, drought stress induced weaker activation of the target gene in stu-miR159a OE plants. In stu-miR159a ST plants, the expression of critical genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway (<ce:italic>StF3′5′H, StF3′H</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>StCHS2</ce:italic>) was increased by decreasing stu-miR159a activity and simultaneously increasing that of <ce:italic>StGAMyb-like1</ce:italic>. Meanwhile, with drought treatment, stu-miR159a ST plants exhibited higher anthocyanin accumulation than non-transgenic ones, indicating enhanced antioxidant capacity and improved drought tolerance. The above data support that stu-miR159a is a negative regulator of drought stress and provide new insights into the stu-miR159a-mediated regulation of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in controlling drought tolerance in potato.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seedlessness has always been a valuable quality characteristic of edible grape varieties. Although the production of seedless grapes has been ongoing for decades, the genetic complexity of seedless grapes is not yet fully understood. Therefore, determining the genetic mechanisms and key regulatory genes of seedless grapes is of great significance for seedless grape breeding and meeting market demands. The emergence of high-throughput analysis software offers greater possibilities for mining genes related to plant organ development. Specifically, to mine a greater number of candidate genes related to grape seed traits, this study used the seed trait parameters analyzed by Tomato Analyzer as the target trait and then used a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to mine candidate genes. In the two-year analysis using principal component analysis (PCA), we extracted five principal components with a cumulative contribution rate of 96.586 %. The cumulative contribution rate for component 1 reached 87.352 %. Correlation analysis revealed correlation coefficients ranging from 0.54 to 0.98 among the seven basic traits. The GWAS results indicated that 370 SNP loci were significantly correlated with seed traits. These SNP loci were distributed on 18 chromosomes, except for chromosome 4, with most SNP loci distributed on chromosome 18. Based on the physical location of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers significantly associated with seed-related traits in the grape reference genome, candidate genes are screened within the range of linkage disequilibrium (LD) attenuation distance, both upstream and downstream of the significant SNP loci. These candidate genes were mainly transcription factor-related genes (VvMADS4 and VvMADS5), ubiquitin ligase-related genes (E3 ubiquitin ligase BIG BROTHER), serine/threonine protein kinase-related genes, and carbohydrate metabolism-related genes (Sucrose Synthase 2) and simultaneously controlled multiple (at least two or more) seed traits. These results indicate that seed traits are jointly regulated by some genes involved in seed morphology regulation. In this work, we identified new gene loci related to grape seed traits. Identifying molecular markers closely related to these seed traits is of great significance for breeding seedless grape varieties.
{"title":"Mining candidate genes for grape seed traits based on a genome-wide association study","authors":"Chuan Zhang, Yameng Yang, Songlin Zhang, Vivek Yadav, Haixia Zhong, Fuchun Zhang, Xiaoming Zhou, Xinyu Wu, Xue Cao, Liwen Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.02.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.02.015","url":null,"abstract":"Seedlessness has always been a valuable quality characteristic of edible grape varieties. Although the production of seedless grapes has been ongoing for decades, the genetic complexity of seedless grapes is not yet fully understood. Therefore, determining the genetic mechanisms and key regulatory genes of seedless grapes is of great significance for seedless grape breeding and meeting market demands. The emergence of high-throughput analysis software offers greater possibilities for mining genes related to plant organ development. Specifically, to mine a greater number of candidate genes related to grape seed traits, this study used the seed trait parameters analyzed by Tomato Analyzer as the target trait and then used a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to mine candidate genes. In the two-year analysis using principal component analysis (PCA), we extracted five principal components with a cumulative contribution rate of 96.586 %. The cumulative contribution rate for component 1 reached 87.352 %. Correlation analysis revealed correlation coefficients ranging from 0.54 to 0.98 among the seven basic traits. The GWAS results indicated that 370 SNP loci were significantly correlated with seed traits. These SNP loci were distributed on 18 chromosomes, except for chromosome 4, with most SNP loci distributed on chromosome 18. Based on the physical location of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers significantly associated with seed-related traits in the grape reference genome, candidate genes are screened within the range of linkage disequilibrium (LD) attenuation distance, both upstream and downstream of the significant SNP loci. These candidate genes were mainly transcription factor-related genes (<ce:italic>VvMADS4</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>VvMADS5</ce:italic>), ubiquitin ligase-related genes (<ce:italic>E3 ubiquitin ligase BIG BROTHER</ce:italic>), serine/threonine protein kinase-related genes, and carbohydrate metabolism-related genes (<ce:italic>Sucrose Synthase 2</ce:italic>) and simultaneously controlled multiple (at least two or more) seed traits. These results indicate that seed traits are jointly regulated by some genes involved in seed morphology regulation. In this work, we identified new gene loci related to grape seed traits. Identifying molecular markers closely related to these seed traits is of great significance for breeding seedless grape varieties.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.hpj.2024.08.003
Shulin Yang, Duanni Wang, Yuhao Gao, Jiaxin Zhang, Xuan Luo, Junbei Ni, Yuanwen Teng, Jun Su, Songling Bai
For red pear, the anthocyanin content is a crucial factor determining the fruit skin color, which affects consumer preferences. Low overnight temperatures promote anthocyanin accumulation, but the molecular mechanism responsible is unclear. In this study, ‘Hongzaosu’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia × Pyrus communis) fruit were treated with a low nighttime temperature (LNT, 16 °C) or a warm nighttime temperature (WNT, 26 °C), with sampling conducted within two diurnal cycles. The results showed that LNT promoted anthocyanin accumulation in the fruit skin. The structural anthocyanin biosynthetic genes PpCHS, PpF3H, and PpUFGT exhibited a rhythmic increase in expression at night under LNT. To examine the underlying mechanism, RNA sequencing was conducted using pear calli exposed to LNT and WNT for different durations (24, 48, 72, or 96 h). Transcriptome analysis revealed 285 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) common to all pairwise comparisons of LNT- and WNT-treated calli of ‘Clapp's Favorite’ (P. communis) at the sampling time points. KEGG pathway and gene ontology enrichment analyses indicated that the common DEGs were enriched in secondary metabolic processes and phenylpropanoid metabolic processes, which are associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis. The transcription factor PpCDF5, which was responsive to LNT, was selected for further study. Dual-luciferase assays showed that PpCDF5 activated the transcription of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes PpMYB10, PpCHS, PpF3H, PpDFR, PpANS, and PpUFGT. The yeast one-hybrid and EMSA assays demonstrated that PpCDF5 directly binds to the PpF3H promoter, which contains an AAAG motif. Overexpression of PpCDF5 in pear calli and transient overexpression in pear fruit both increased anthocyanin accumulation. The results indicate that PpCDF5 is involved in LNT-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear fruit and provide insights into the molecular regulation of commercial fruit coloration.
{"title":"Transcriptome-based analysis reveals a role for PpCDF5 in the promotion of anthocyanin accumulation at a low nighttime temperature","authors":"Shulin Yang, Duanni Wang, Yuhao Gao, Jiaxin Zhang, Xuan Luo, Junbei Ni, Yuanwen Teng, Jun Su, Songling Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"For red pear, the anthocyanin content is a crucial factor determining the fruit skin color, which affects consumer preferences. Low overnight temperatures promote anthocyanin accumulation, but the molecular mechanism responsible is unclear. In this study, ‘Hongzaosu’ pear (<ce:italic>Pyrus pyrifolia</ce:italic> × <ce:italic>Pyrus communis</ce:italic>) fruit were treated with a low nighttime temperature (LNT, 16 °C) or a warm nighttime temperature (WNT, 26 °C), with sampling conducted within two diurnal cycles. The results showed that LNT promoted anthocyanin accumulation in the fruit skin. The structural anthocyanin biosynthetic genes <ce:italic>PpCHS</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>PpF3H</ce:italic>, and <ce:italic>PpUFGT</ce:italic> exhibited a rhythmic increase in expression at night under LNT. To examine the underlying mechanism, RNA sequencing was conducted using pear calli exposed to LNT and WNT for different durations (24, 48, 72, or 96 h). Transcriptome analysis revealed 285 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) common to all pairwise comparisons of LNT- and WNT-treated calli of ‘Clapp's Favorite’ (<ce:italic>P. communis)</ce:italic> at the sampling time points. KEGG pathway and gene ontology enrichment analyses indicated that the common DEGs were enriched in secondary metabolic processes and phenylpropanoid metabolic processes, which are associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis. The transcription factor PpCDF5, which was responsive to LNT, was selected for further study. Dual-luciferase assays showed that PpCDF5 activated the transcription of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes <ce:italic>PpMYB10</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>PpCHS</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>PpF3H</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>PpDFR</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>PpANS</ce:italic>, and <ce:italic>PpUFGT</ce:italic>. The yeast one-hybrid and EMSA assays demonstrated that PpCDF5 directly binds to the <ce:italic>PpF3H</ce:italic> promoter, which contains an AAAG motif. Overexpression of <ce:italic>PpCDF</ce:italic>5 in pear calli and transient overexpression in pear fruit both increased anthocyanin accumulation. The results indicate that PpCDF5 is involved in LNT-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear fruit and provide insights into the molecular regulation of commercial fruit coloration.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Banana (Musa spp.), being a globally significant fruit crop, faces a myriad of threats from various diseases, such as Fusarium wilt, Xanthomonas wilt, bunchy top disease, and weevils disease. This review provides an overview of recent advancements in molecular mechanisms and immune signaling pathways underlying disease resistance in banana. First, the review discusses the latest research advances on banana pests and diseases. Subsequently, this review explores the immune responses and signaling pathways, pattern recognition receptor-triggered immunity, effector-triggered immunity, cell death, reactive oxygen species, autophagy, hormonal pathways, and other players involved in banana–disease interactions. Finally, the review discusses the current understanding of the genetic architecture of disease resistance in banana, focusing on the identification of defense-related genes and quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to major pathogens and offering recommendations for genetic research. The conclusion underscores the significance of research on banana immunity, specifically highlighting the crucial need to identify endogenous resistance genes and elucidate immune signaling pathways for future efforts aimed at breeding disease-resistant banana. This review offers a comprehensive perspective on the molecular mechanisms underlying disease resistance in banana and serves as a valuable reference for breeding efforts aimed at enhancing banana's resistance to pathogens.
{"title":"Banana defense response against pathogens: Breeding disease-resistant cultivars","authors":"Hongyun Zeng, Yuanli Wu, Linbing Xu, Junhui Dong, Bingzhi Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"Banana (<ce:italic>Musa</ce:italic> spp.), being a globally significant fruit crop, faces a myriad of threats from various diseases, such as <ce:italic>Fusarium</ce:italic> wilt, <ce:italic>Xanthomonas</ce:italic> wilt, bunchy top disease, and weevils disease. This review provides an overview of recent advancements in molecular mechanisms and immune signaling pathways underlying disease resistance in banana. First, the review discusses the latest research advances on banana pests and diseases. Subsequently, this review explores the immune responses and signaling pathways, pattern recognition receptor-triggered immunity, effector-triggered immunity, cell death, reactive oxygen species, autophagy, hormonal pathways, and other players involved in banana–disease interactions. Finally, the review discusses the current understanding of the genetic architecture of disease resistance in banana, focusing on the identification of defense-related genes and quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to major pathogens and offering recommendations for genetic research. The conclusion underscores the significance of research on banana immunity, specifically highlighting the crucial need to identify endogenous resistance genes and elucidate immune signaling pathways for future efforts aimed at breeding disease-resistant banana. This review offers a comprehensive perspective on the molecular mechanisms underlying disease resistance in banana and serves as a valuable reference for breeding efforts aimed at enhancing banana's resistance to pathogens.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"256 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-16DOI: 10.1016/j.hpj.2024.06.009
Qiang Cao, Ni Zhu, Genqian Lan, Bo Yuan, Jian Wang, M. James C. Crabbe, Ticao Zhang, Qin Qiao
The unique fruity aroma of strawberries enhances their appeal to consumers. Fragaria nilgerrensis, a wild strawberry distributed in Southwest China and known for its distinctive peach-like aroma, represents a valuable resource for improving the fragrance of cultivated strawberries. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the peach-like aroma biosynthesis remains largely unexplored. In this study, we integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic data across four developmental stages of F. nilgerrensis fruits to construct a detailed profile of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the associated gene expression alterations during fruit maturation. Our findings reveal that γ-decalactone, δ-decalactone, and γ-undecalactone are the primary compounds responsible for the pronounced peach-like aroma, with their levels showing a significant correlation with the activity of the FngFAD2 enzyme. The silencing of the FngFAD2 gene through tobacco rattle viral (TRV) induction resulted in notable reductions in both the peach-like aroma and lactone content in the fruit. In addition, integrating dual luciferase assays, yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and subcellular localization experiments, we also identified three transcription factors (FngDOF1.2, FngWRKY3, and FngWRI1) that enhance FngFAD2 expression. These findings elucidate the molecular regulatory network involved in the complex developmental process of peach-like flavor in strawberry fruits. Additionally, our research also provides a foundation for the utilization of the wild strawberry as well as improving the flavor and quality of cultivated strawberries.
{"title":"Multi-omics analysis of peach-like aroma formation in fruits of wild strawberry (Fragaria nilgerrensis)","authors":"Qiang Cao, Ni Zhu, Genqian Lan, Bo Yuan, Jian Wang, M. James C. Crabbe, Ticao Zhang, Qin Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.hpj.2024.06.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2024.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"The unique fruity aroma of strawberries enhances their appeal to consumers. <ce:italic>Fragaria nilgerrensis</ce:italic>, a wild strawberry distributed in Southwest China and known for its distinctive peach-like aroma, represents a valuable resource for improving the fragrance of cultivated strawberries. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the peach-like aroma biosynthesis remains largely unexplored. In this study, we integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic data across four developmental stages of <ce:italic>F. nilgerrensis</ce:italic> fruits to construct a detailed profile of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the associated gene expression alterations during fruit maturation. Our findings reveal that γ-decalactone, δ-decalactone, and γ-undecalactone are the primary compounds responsible for the pronounced peach-like aroma, with their levels showing a significant correlation with the activity of the FngFAD2 enzyme. The silencing of the <ce:italic>FngFAD2</ce:italic> gene through tobacco rattle viral (TRV) induction resulted in notable reductions in both the peach-like aroma and lactone content in the fruit. In addition, integrating dual luciferase assays, yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and subcellular localization experiments, we also identified three transcription factors (FngDOF1.2, FngWRKY3, and FngWRI1) that enhance <ce:italic>FngFAD2</ce:italic> expression. These findings elucidate the molecular regulatory network involved in the complex developmental process of peach-like flavor in strawberry fruits. Additionally, our research also provides a foundation for the utilization of the wild strawberry as well as improving the flavor and quality of cultivated strawberries.","PeriodicalId":13178,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Plant Journal","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.hpj.2024.03.014
Xiaolong Wang, Chang Liu, Xiaohao Ji, Xiangbin Shi, Zhiqiang Wang, Baoliang Wang, Fengzhi Liu, Haibo Wang
Achieving global fruit demand can be realized through the application of agricultural technologies. However, it is crucial to first overcome the enormous agricultural challenges posed by the implementation of efficient irrigation technologies. To address the issues related to inadequate water supply and inefficient traditional fruit tree irrigation methods, we propose a cost-effective and efficient approach—the “439” field precision irrigation scheme. This scheme predicts four relative soil water content minimum thresholds (RSWCTs) and maximum (RSWCTe) thresholds (relative to the percentage of field capacity [FC]) for starting and ending irrigation. By exploring the relationship between RSWCTs, RSWCTe and fruit quality, we assessed the scheme's effectiveness. A practical case study was conducted on grape (Vitis vinifera L., ‘87-1’) cultivated in a facility from 2019 to 2022 to evaluate the scheme's impact on irrigation management. The results indicate that maintaining 70%–80 % FC from germination stage (GS) to end bloom stage (EBS), 70%–80 % FC from EBS to veraison stage (VS), 55%–70 % FC from VS to maturation stage (MS), and 55%–65 % FC from MS to deciduous stage (DS) improve single grain weight (SGW). Similarly, to improve total soluble solid content, 60%–80 % FC is suggested from GS to EBS, 70%–80 % FC from EBS to VS, 60%–70 % FC from VS to MS, and 60%–70 % FC from MS to DS. To improve peel strength and fruit quality index (FQI), 70%–80 % FC is recommended from GS to EBS, 60%–70 % FC from EBS to VS, 55%–65 % FC from VS to MS, and 55%–70 % FC from MS to DS. This management tool helps farmers optimize irrigation efficiency and increase profits by growing high-quality fruit. In summary, the implementation of the “439” field precision irrigation system, coupled with fruit quality analysis, holds promise for enhancing water efficiency in precision agriculture.
通过应用农业技术，可以实现全球水果需求。然而，关键是要首先克服实施高效灌溉技术所带来的巨大农业挑战。为了解决供水不足和传统果树灌溉方法效率低下的问题，我们提出了一种经济高效的方法--"439 "田间精确灌溉方案。该方案预测了开始和结束灌溉的四个相对土壤含水量最小阈值（RSWCTs）和最大阈值（RSWCTe）（相对于田间容量百分比[FC]）。通过探索 RSWCTs、RSWCTe 和果实质量之间的关系，我们评估了该计划的有效性。从 2019 年到 2022 年，我们对设施栽培的葡萄（葡萄属，'87-1'）进行了实际案例研究，以评估该计划对灌溉管理的影响。结果表明，从发芽期（GS）到开花末期（EBS）保持 70%-80% 的 FC，从开花末期到成熟期（VS）保持 70%-80% 的 FC，从成熟期到成熟期（MS）保持 55%-70% 的 FC，从成熟期到落叶期（DS）保持 55%-65% 的 FC，都能提高单粒重量（SGW）。同样，为了提高总可溶性固形物含量，建议从 GS 到 EBS 的 FC 含量为 60%-80%，从 EBS 到 VS 的 FC 含量为 70%-80%，从 VS 到 MS 的 FC 含量为 60%-70%，从 MS 到 DS 的 FC 含量为 60%-70%。为提高果皮强度和果实质量指数（FQI），建议从 GS 到 EBS 的 FC 含量为 70%-80%，从 EBS 到 VS 的 FC 含量为 60%-70%，从 VS 到 MS 的 FC 含量为 55%-65%，从 MS 到 DS 的 FC 含量为 55%-70%。这一管理工具有助于农民优化灌溉效率，通过种植优质水果提高利润。总之，"439 "田间精确灌溉系统的实施与水果质量分析相结合，有望提高精准农业的用水效率。
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