Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1109/jqe.2024.3456073
H. Ahmad, K. Kamaruzzaman, M. Z. Samion
{"title":"Mode-Locking and Q-switching in Holmium Doped Fiber Laser Using Topological Insulator (Sb2Te3) as Saturable Absorber","authors":"H. Ahmad, K. Kamaruzzaman, M. Z. Samion","doi":"10.1109/jqe.2024.3456073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jqe.2024.3456073","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142191334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-02DOI: 10.1109/jqe.2024.3453281
Thomas B. Simpson, Joseph S. Suelzer, Nicholas G. Usechak
{"title":"Phase Shifts in Gain-Switched Semiconductor Laser Subharmonic Pulse Trains","authors":"Thomas B. Simpson, Joseph S. Suelzer, Nicholas G. Usechak","doi":"10.1109/jqe.2024.3453281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jqe.2024.3453281","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142191336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1109/jqe.2024.3450371
Jing Shen, Yujuan Feng
{"title":"All-optical General RS Flip-flop and Clocked RS Flip-flop Based on Cascaded PPLN Waveguides","authors":"Jing Shen, Yujuan Feng","doi":"10.1109/jqe.2024.3450371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jqe.2024.3450371","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142191337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3448399
Kai Guo;Yixuan Zhu;Yu Chen;Kun Li;Shenqiang Zhai;Shuman Liu;Ning Zhuo;Jinchuan Zhang;Lijun Wang;Fengqi Liu;Xiaohua Wang;Zhipeng Wei;Junqi Liu
We present a very long wave infrared (VLWIR) quantum cascade detector (QCD) optimized for the extraction region grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The wave function of high-energy states has been tailored into a funnel-shaped miniband structure. This design accelerates the extraction and collection of electrons, thereby enhancing the device’s extraction efficiency, with a theoretical calculation value of 91%. Besides, this miniband extraction scheme also increases the number of well barrier pairs between the ground state and the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon step level. The electron loss caused by thermal backfilling and thermally activated leakage can be effectively reduced. For a $200~mu $ m $times 200~mu $ m mesa device from a 4-inch wafer, a peak responsivity of 66 mA/W and a peak specific detectivity of $1.4 times 10^{11}$ Jones were obtained at 30 K, with the maximum operating temperature persists up to 170 K.
{"title":"High-Performance Very Long Wave Infrared Quantum Cascade Detector Grown by MOCVD","authors":"Kai Guo;Yixuan Zhu;Yu Chen;Kun Li;Shenqiang Zhai;Shuman Liu;Ning Zhuo;Jinchuan Zhang;Lijun Wang;Fengqi Liu;Xiaohua Wang;Zhipeng Wei;Junqi Liu","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3448399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2024.3448399","url":null,"abstract":"We present a very long wave infrared (VLWIR) quantum cascade detector (QCD) optimized for the extraction region grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The wave function of high-energy states has been tailored into a funnel-shaped miniband structure. This design accelerates the extraction and collection of electrons, thereby enhancing the device’s extraction efficiency, with a theoretical calculation value of 91%. Besides, this miniband extraction scheme also increases the number of well barrier pairs between the ground state and the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon step level. The electron loss caused by thermal backfilling and thermally activated leakage can be effectively reduced. For a \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$200~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000m \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$times 200~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000m mesa device from a 4-inch wafer, a peak responsivity of 66 mA/W and a peak specific detectivity of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$1.4 times 10^{11}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 Jones were obtained at 30 K, with the maximum operating temperature persists up to 170 K.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3445293
Tianxiang Wu;Xi Wang;Liqi Zhu;Xun Li;Jian Huang;Zhikai Gan;Yanfeng Wei;Chun Lin
This paper characterizes the dark current development of p-on-n type HgCdTe multi-layer heterojunction long wavelength infrared (LWIR) and very long wavelength infrared (VLWIR) photodiodes. Four devices that operate at different wavelengths are fabricated by employing a multi-layer structure. The results demonstrate the favorable dark current which is close to the “Rule 07” limitation is obtained with a 50% cutoff wavelength of $16.6~mu $ m. Besides, the influence mechanisms on the device are extracted by analyzing the temperature-dependent dark current from 40 K to 130 K. The results suggest that the proposed devices perform comparable to those of conventional double-layer heterojunction devices. Furthermore, it can be noted that by precisely controlling the composition distribution and depletion region positions as well as improving the process, we can further achieve superior LWIR and VLWIR devices.
本文描述了 p-on-n 型 HgCdTe 多层异质结长波长红外（LWIR）和超长波长红外（VLWIR）光电二极管的暗电流发展情况。通过采用多层结构，制造出了四个工作于不同波长的器件。此外，通过分析从 40 K 到 130 K 与温度相关的暗电流，提取了器件的影响机制。此外，我们还注意到，通过精确控制成分分布和耗尽区位置以及改进工艺，我们可以进一步实现卓越的 LWIR 和 VLWIR 器件。
{"title":"Probing the Dark Current of Multi-Layer Heterojunction HgCdTe Long-Wavelength and Very-Long-Wavelength Infrared Photodiodes","authors":"Tianxiang Wu;Xi Wang;Liqi Zhu;Xun Li;Jian Huang;Zhikai Gan;Yanfeng Wei;Chun Lin","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3445293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2024.3445293","url":null,"abstract":"This paper characterizes the dark current development of p-on-n type HgCdTe multi-layer heterojunction long wavelength infrared (LWIR) and very long wavelength infrared (VLWIR) photodiodes. Four devices that operate at different wavelengths are fabricated by employing a multi-layer structure. The results demonstrate the favorable dark current which is close to the “Rule 07” limitation is obtained with a 50% cutoff wavelength of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$16.6~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000m. Besides, the influence mechanisms on the device are extracted by analyzing the temperature-dependent dark current from 40 K to 130 K. The results suggest that the proposed devices perform comparable to those of conventional double-layer heterojunction devices. Furthermore, it can be noted that by precisely controlling the composition distribution and depletion region positions as well as improving the process, we can further achieve superior LWIR and VLWIR devices.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-12DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3441613
Kenneth Coker;Chuyuan Zheng;Joseph Roger Arhin;Kwame Opuni-Boachie Obour Agyekum;Wei Li Zhang
This research delves into the innovative application of the optical Stark effect in dynamically guiding polaritons through a Y-shaped potential, forming a polaritonic coupler within a 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite microcavity. The study explores the characteristics of the 2D perovskite, focusing on harnessing the optical Stark-induced energy shift in the polariton branches. The polaritonic coupler, which has a single input and two divergent outputs, is subjected to an external optical Stark pulse, dynamically guiding polaritons between the input and outputs. The research focuses on examining the controllability of the polaritonic coupler through the polariton coupling ratio, highlighting the regulatory role played by the optical Stark effect in this dynamic process. In-depth analyses of the spatial distribution and time evolution of polaritons within the coupler reveal that the optical Stark pulse effectively regulates the polariton coupling ratio, realizing a programmable coupler. This investigation not only advances the fundamental understanding of polariton dynamics within 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite microcavities but also demonstrates the potential for developing optically controlled integrated photonic devices.
这项研究深入探讨了光学斯塔克效应在动态引导极化子通过 Y 型势垒方面的创新应用，在二维有机-无机混合包晶微腔内形成了一个极化子耦合器。这项研究探索了二维包晶的特性，重点是利用光斯塔克诱导的极化子分支能量转移。极化子耦合器有一个单一输入端和两个发散输出端，在外部光斯塔克脉冲的作用下，极化子在输入端和输出端之间动态引导。研究重点是通过极化子耦合比来检验极化子耦合器的可控性，突出光学斯塔克效应在这一动态过程中所起的调节作用。对耦合器内极化子的空间分布和时间演化的深入分析表明，光学斯塔克脉冲能有效调节极化子耦合比，从而实现可编程耦合器。这项研究不仅从根本上加深了人们对二维有机-无机混合包晶微腔内极化子动力学的理解，还展示了开发光控集成光子器件的潜力。
{"title":"Control of Polaritonic Coupler Using Optical Stark Effect in 2D Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskite Microcavity","authors":"Kenneth Coker;Chuyuan Zheng;Joseph Roger Arhin;Kwame Opuni-Boachie Obour Agyekum;Wei Li Zhang","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3441613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2024.3441613","url":null,"abstract":"This research delves into the innovative application of the optical Stark effect in dynamically guiding polaritons through a Y-shaped potential, forming a polaritonic coupler within a 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite microcavity. The study explores the characteristics of the 2D perovskite, focusing on harnessing the optical Stark-induced energy shift in the polariton branches. The polaritonic coupler, which has a single input and two divergent outputs, is subjected to an external optical Stark pulse, dynamically guiding polaritons between the input and outputs. The research focuses on examining the controllability of the polaritonic coupler through the polariton coupling ratio, highlighting the regulatory role played by the optical Stark effect in this dynamic process. In-depth analyses of the spatial distribution and time evolution of polaritons within the coupler reveal that the optical Stark pulse effectively regulates the polariton coupling ratio, realizing a programmable coupler. This investigation not only advances the fundamental understanding of polariton dynamics within 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite microcavities but also demonstrates the potential for developing optically controlled integrated photonic devices.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3437353
George Sarantoglou;Adonis Bogris;Charis Mesaritakis
In this work, we present numerical results concerning an integrated photonic non-linear activation function that relies on a power independent, non-linear phase to amplitude conversion in a passive optical resonator. The underlying mechanism is universal to all optical filters, whereas here, simulations were based on micro-ring resonators. Investigation revealed that the photonic neural node can be tuned to support a wide variety of continuous activation functions that are relevant to the neural network architectures, such as the sigmoid and the soft-plus functions. The proposed photonic node is numerically evaluated in the context of time delayed reservoir computing (TDRC) scheme, targeting the one-step ahead prediction of the Santa Fe series. The proposed phase to amplitude TDRC is benchmarked versus the conventional amplitude based TDRC, showcasing a performance boost by one order of magnitude.
在这项工作中，我们展示了有关集成光子非线性激活函数的数值结果，该函数依赖于无源光学谐振器中与功率无关的非线性相位到振幅转换。其基本机制适用于所有光学滤波器，而这里的模拟则基于微环谐振器。研究表明，光子神经节点可以进行调整，以支持与神经网络架构相关的各种连续激活函数，如sigmoid函数和软加函数。在时延储层计算（TDRC）方案的背景下，对所提出的光子节点进行了数值评估，目标是提前一步预测 Santa Fe 序列。拟议的相位到振幅 TDRC 与传统的基于振幅的 TDRC 相比，性能提高了一个数量级。
{"title":"All-Optical, Reconfigurable, and Power Independent Neural Activation Function by Means of Phase Modulation","authors":"George Sarantoglou;Adonis Bogris;Charis Mesaritakis","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3437353","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3437353","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we present numerical results concerning an integrated photonic non-linear activation function that relies on a power independent, non-linear phase to amplitude conversion in a passive optical resonator. The underlying mechanism is universal to all optical filters, whereas here, simulations were based on micro-ring resonators. Investigation revealed that the photonic neural node can be tuned to support a wide variety of continuous activation functions that are relevant to the neural network architectures, such as the sigmoid and the soft-plus functions. The proposed photonic node is numerically evaluated in the context of time delayed reservoir computing (TDRC) scheme, targeting the one-step ahead prediction of the Santa Fe series. The proposed phase to amplitude TDRC is benchmarked versus the conventional amplitude based TDRC, showcasing a performance boost by one order of magnitude.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141883225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3431497
{"title":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics information for authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3431497","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3431497","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10615232","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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