Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3471988
Lei Huang;Min Liu;Yingqi Cui;Zhaohao Zhu;Ping Shum
A demodulation algorithm based on the LSTM-CNN is proposed to simultaneously achieve the demodulation of temperature data from distributed optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR). As for the local measurement range along the distributed fiber, the LSTM-CNN can achieve an average mean absolutely error (MAE) of only 0.0393 and the average demodulation time is only 0.1507 seconds. The comparison with the cross-correlation algorithm, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) demonstrates that the MAE is reduced by 85.98%, 77.23%, 88.25%, 80.95%, and 91.82%, and the average time is faster 38.19 times, 8.71 times, 3.28 times, 1.37 times, and 2.45 times, respectively. As for the full measurement range of the distributed fiber, the temperature distribution curve demodulated by LSTM-CNN is found to be consistent with the actual temperature distribution curve and the average demodulation time is 0.371 seconds, providing a new method for the temperature data demodulation in the distributed OFDR sensing system.
{"title":"High Precision and Fast Distributed Temperature Data Demodulation Algorithm of Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometer Based on LSTM-CNN","authors":"Lei Huang;Min Liu;Yingqi Cui;Zhaohao Zhu;Ping Shum","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3471988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2024.3471988","url":null,"abstract":"A demodulation algorithm based on the LSTM-CNN is proposed to simultaneously achieve the demodulation of temperature data from distributed optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR). As for the local measurement range along the distributed fiber, the LSTM-CNN can achieve an average mean absolutely error (MAE) of only 0.0393 and the average demodulation time is only 0.1507 seconds. The comparison with the cross-correlation algorithm, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) demonstrates that the MAE is reduced by 85.98%, 77.23%, 88.25%, 80.95%, and 91.82%, and the average time is faster 38.19 times, 8.71 times, 3.28 times, 1.37 times, and 2.45 times, respectively. As for the full measurement range of the distributed fiber, the temperature distribution curve demodulated by LSTM-CNN is found to be consistent with the actual temperature distribution curve and the average demodulation time is 0.371 seconds, providing a new method for the temperature data demodulation in the distributed OFDR sensing system.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 6","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142450920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work we provide numerical results concerning a silicon-on-insulator photonic neuromorphic circuit configured as a physical unclonable function. The proposed scheme is enhanced with the capability to be operated as an unconventional deterministic pseudo-random number generator, suitable for cryptographic applications that alleviates the need for key storage in non-volatile digital media. The proposed photonic neuromorphic scheme is able to offer NIST test compatible numbers with an extremely low false positive/negative probability below 10-14. The proposed scheme offers multi-functional capabilities due to the fact that it can be simultaneously used as an integrated photonic accelerator for machine-learning applications and as a hardware root of trust.
{"title":"Pseudo-Random Generator Based on a Photonic Neuromorphic Physical Unclonable Function","authors":"Dimitris Dermanis;Panagiotis Rizomiliotis;Adonis Bogris;Charis Mesaritakis","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3471951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2024.3471951","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we provide numerical results concerning a silicon-on-insulator photonic neuromorphic circuit configured as a physical unclonable function. The proposed scheme is enhanced with the capability to be operated as an unconventional deterministic pseudo-random number generator, suitable for cryptographic applications that alleviates the need for key storage in non-volatile digital media. The proposed photonic neuromorphic scheme is able to offer NIST test compatible numbers with an extremely low false positive/negative probability below 10-14. The proposed scheme offers multi-functional capabilities due to the fact that it can be simultaneously used as an integrated photonic accelerator for machine-learning applications and as a hardware root of trust.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 6","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142536945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3463153
{"title":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics information for authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3463153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2024.3463153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 5","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10697331","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3465253
{"title":"TechRxiv: Share Your Preprint Research with the World!","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3465253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2024.3465253","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 5","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10697332","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We employed 808 nm and 885 nm pumping sources for time-shared pumping of the compact Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG passively Q-switched laser by incorporating time and sequence modulation functions into the electrical modulation signals. Through adjusting the pumping peak powers and pulse widths of the two pump sources, various burst-mode lasers were realized. The repetition frequency and time intervals between pulse chain sequences, as well as the intervals between sub-pulses within a sequence, could be adjustable, addressing the challenge of precise timing control in burst-mode lasers. The time-shared pumping Q-switched laser displayed significantly better controllable pulse characteristic compared to the conventional single-pulse output mode of burst-mode lasers. In conclusion, this work has effectively expanded the application scope of burst-mode lasers, representing a novel contribution to the field.
{"title":"Burst-Mode Nd: YAG/Cr⁴⁺:YAG Laser With Tunable Pulse Chain Sequence and Intervals","authors":"Nihui Zhang;Di Xin;Zhenjiao Shan;Fengxin Dong;Xuyan Zhou;Hongbo Zhang;Wanhua Zheng","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3468999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2024.3468999","url":null,"abstract":"We employed 808 nm and 885 nm pumping sources for time-shared pumping of the compact Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG passively Q-switched laser by incorporating time and sequence modulation functions into the electrical modulation signals. Through adjusting the pumping peak powers and pulse widths of the two pump sources, various burst-mode lasers were realized. The repetition frequency and time intervals between pulse chain sequences, as well as the intervals between sub-pulses within a sequence, could be adjustable, addressing the challenge of precise timing control in burst-mode lasers. The time-shared pumping Q-switched laser displayed significantly better controllable pulse characteristic compared to the conventional single-pulse output mode of burst-mode lasers. In conclusion, this work has effectively expanded the application scope of burst-mode lasers, representing a novel contribution to the field.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 6","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3468998
Xuanchen Guo;Yinyang Pei;Jianzhong Zhang
The spatial mode profile of distributed feedback (DFB) lasers is a unique characteristic that distinguishes them from lasers based on F-P cavities. It is utilized to achieve single-mode operation and improve relative intensity noise (RIN) performance. The effective cavity length method, as an approximate method for spatial mode profiling, is conveniently used for theoretical analysis. In this paper, the RIN of DFB fiber lasers was analyzed by considering their spatial mode profile without any approximations, and the results were compared with experimental findings. Additionally, numerical simulations of DFB fiber lasers with different structures were conducted to analyze their noise characteristics and the impact of spatial mode profile on the RIN of the lasers was discussed. The spatial mode profile was solved using the shooting method, with boundary conditions provided based on the erbium ion gain model. The spatial mode profile was then substituted into the RIN expression, yielding the RIN of DFB lasers influenced by spatial mode profile. This physical model is widely applicable and can be used to effectively analyze the dynamic characteristics of most DFB fiber laser structures.
分布式反馈（DFB）激光器的空间模式轮廓是其区别于基于 F-P 腔的激光器的独特特征。利用它可以实现单模运行并改善相对强度噪声（RIN）性能。有效腔长方法作为空间模式剖析的近似方法，可方便地用于理论分析。本文通过不考虑任何近似值的空间模式剖面分析了 DFB 光纤激光器的 RIN，并将结果与实验结果进行了比较。此外，还对不同结构的 DFB 光纤激光器进行了数值模拟，以分析其噪声特性，并讨论了空间模式剖面对激光器 RIN 的影响。空间模式轮廓采用射击法求解，并根据铒离子增益模型提供了边界条件。然后将空间模式剖面代入 RIN 表达式，得出受空间模式剖面影响的 DFB 激光器 RIN。该物理模型具有广泛的适用性，可用于有效分析大多数 DFB 光纤激光器结构的动态特性。
{"title":"Numerical Analysis of Relative Intensity Noise of Distributed-Feedback Fiber Lasers Considering Spatial Mode Profile","authors":"Xuanchen Guo;Yinyang Pei;Jianzhong Zhang","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3468998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2024.3468998","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial mode profile of distributed feedback (DFB) lasers is a unique characteristic that distinguishes them from lasers based on F-P cavities. It is utilized to achieve single-mode operation and improve relative intensity noise (RIN) performance. The effective cavity length method, as an approximate method for spatial mode profiling, is conveniently used for theoretical analysis. In this paper, the RIN of DFB fiber lasers was analyzed by considering their spatial mode profile without any approximations, and the results were compared with experimental findings. Additionally, numerical simulations of DFB fiber lasers with different structures were conducted to analyze their noise characteristics and the impact of spatial mode profile on the RIN of the lasers was discussed. The spatial mode profile was solved using the shooting method, with boundary conditions provided based on the erbium ion gain model. The spatial mode profile was then substituted into the RIN expression, yielding the RIN of DFB lasers influenced by spatial mode profile. This physical model is widely applicable and can be used to effectively analyze the dynamic characteristics of most DFB fiber laser structures.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 6","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3468994
Yuko Kono;Shigeyuki Takagi
We have developed an experimental method for estimating the thermal lens effect of a Nd:YAG rod during laser oscillation in a high-power pulsed laser. By combining a stability analysis by cavity simulation with the change in the focal length of the rod and the beam quality according to the input, we were able to correct the reduction of the thermal effect on the rod due to laser oscillation. The proposed method makes it possible to design a resonator that appropriately considers the stability of the resonator that changes in accordance with the input power.
{"title":"Laser Cavity Analysis Method Considering Dynamic Change of Thermal Lens Effect","authors":"Yuko Kono;Shigeyuki Takagi","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3468994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2024.3468994","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed an experimental method for estimating the thermal lens effect of a Nd:YAG rod during laser oscillation in a high-power pulsed laser. By combining a stability analysis by cavity simulation with the change in the focal length of the rod and the beam quality according to the input, we were able to correct the reduction of the thermal effect on the rod due to laser oscillation. The proposed method makes it possible to design a resonator that appropriately considers the stability of the resonator that changes in accordance with the input power.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 6","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3462950
Jinye Li;Dechen Li;Peng Wang;Jinming Tao;Run Li;Qianqian Jia;Jianguo Liu
Broadband, compact electro-optic modulator is one of the key components in optical communication networks and microwave photonic systems. Here, this paper reports a thin-film lithium niobate electro-optic modulator with a 3 dB electro-optic bandwidth greater than 50 GHz after encapsulation, and discusses the electro-optic response and thermo-optic phase-shifting performance of the device. The modulator chip has a 3 dB electro-optic bandwidth greater than 67 GHz, and the fully encapsulated device has a small size (31 mm $times 10$ mm $times 5.3$ mm) while having a high electro-optic bandwidth of up to 51 GHz and an excellent half-wave voltage length product as low as 2.5 V $cdot$ cm. The DC bias is thermally shifted with a 2.3V half-wave voltage for reliable and stable bias characteristics.
宽带、紧凑型电光调制器是光通信网络和微波光子系统的关键部件之一。本文报告了一种薄膜铌酸锂电光调制器，其封装后的 3 dB 电光带宽大于 50 GHz，并讨论了该器件的电光响应和热光移相性能。该调制器芯片的3 dB电光带宽大于67 GHz，完全封装后的器件体积小（31 mm×10 mm×5.3 mm），电光带宽高达51 GHz，半波电压长度积低至2.5 V cm。直流偏压采用 2.3V 半波电压热偏移，具有可靠稳定的偏压特性。
{"title":"Ultra-Compact, Fully Packaged Broadband Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Modulator for Microwave Photonics","authors":"Jinye Li;Dechen Li;Peng Wang;Jinming Tao;Run Li;Qianqian Jia;Jianguo Liu","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3462950","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3462950","url":null,"abstract":"Broadband, compact electro-optic modulator is one of the key components in optical communication networks and microwave photonic systems. Here, this paper reports a thin-film lithium niobate electro-optic modulator with a 3 dB electro-optic bandwidth greater than 50 GHz after encapsulation, and discusses the electro-optic response and thermo-optic phase-shifting performance of the device. The modulator chip has a 3 dB electro-optic bandwidth greater than 67 GHz, and the fully encapsulated device has a small size (31 mm \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$times 10$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 mm \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$times 5.3$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 mm) while having a high electro-optic bandwidth of up to 51 GHz and an excellent half-wave voltage length product as low as 2.5 V\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$cdot$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 cm. The DC bias is thermally shifted with a 2.3V half-wave voltage for reliable and stable bias characteristics.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 6","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142255945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：