Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10523020
David Schneider
I hate the eye strain that often comes with peering through a telescope at the night sky—I'd rather let a camera capture the scene. But I'm too frugal to sink thousands of dollars into high-quality astrophotography gear. The Goldilocks solution for me is something that goes by the name of electronically assisted astronomy, or EAA.
{"title":"Electronically Assisted Astronomy > Take Detailed Images of the Heavens on the Cheap","authors":"David Schneider","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10523020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10523020","url":null,"abstract":"I hate the eye strain that often comes with peering through a telescope at the night sky—I'd rather let a camera capture the scene. But I'm too frugal to sink thousands of dollars into high-quality astrophotography gear. The Goldilocks solution for me is something that goes by the name of electronically assisted astronomy, or EAA.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10523014
Benjamin Kroposki;Andy Hoke
This is a more urgent problem than it might sound. The westernmost Hawaiian island of significant size, Kauai is home to around 70,000 residents and 30,000 tourists at any given time. Renewable energy accounts for 70 percent of the energy produced in a typical year—a proportion that's among the highest in the world and that can be hard to sustain for such a small and isolated grid. During the day, the local system operator, the Kauai Island Utility Cooperative, sometimes reaches levels of 90 percent from solar alone. But on 2 April, the 26-MW generator was running near its peak output, to compensate for the drop in solar output as the sun set. At the moment when it failed, that single generator had been supplying 60 percent of the load for the entire island, with the rest being met by a mix of smaller generators and several utility-scale solar-and-battery systems.
{"title":"A Path to 100 Percent Renewable Energy: Grid-Forming Inverters will Give Us the Grid We Need Now","authors":"Benjamin Kroposki;Andy Hoke","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10523014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10523014","url":null,"abstract":"This is a more urgent problem than it might sound. The westernmost Hawaiian island of significant size, Kauai is home to around 70,000 residents and 30,000 tourists at any given time. Renewable energy accounts for 70 percent of the energy produced in a typical year—a proportion that's among the highest in the world and that can be hard to sustain for such a small and isolated grid. During the day, the local system operator, the Kauai Island Utility Cooperative, sometimes reaches levels of 90 percent from solar alone. But on 2 April, the 26-MW generator was running near its peak output, to compensate for the drop in solar output as the sun set. At the moment when it failed, that single generator had been supplying 60 percent of the load for the entire island, with the rest being met by a mix of smaller generators and several utility-scale solar-and-battery systems.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10522930
Jasper Baur
EARLY ON A JUNE MORNING in 2023, my colleagues and I drove down a bumpy dirt road north of Kyiv in Ukraine. The Ukrainian Armed Forces were conducting training exercises nearby, and mortar shells arced through the sky. We arrived at a vast field for a technology demonstration set up by the United Nations. Across the 25-hectare field—that's about the size of 62 American football fields—the U.N. workers had scattered 50 to 100 inert mines and other ordnance. Our task was to fly our drone over the area and use our machine learning software to detect as many as possible. And we had to turn in our results within 72 hours.
{"title":"Ukraine is Riddled with Land Mines: Drones and AI Can Help","authors":"Jasper Baur","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10522930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10522930","url":null,"abstract":"EARLY ON A JUNE MORNING in 2023, my colleagues and I drove down a bumpy dirt road north of Kyiv in Ukraine. The Ukrainian Armed Forces were conducting training exercises nearby, and mortar shells arced through the sky. We arrived at a vast field for a technology demonstration set up by the United Nations. Across the 25-hectare field—that's about the size of 62 American football fields—the U.N. workers had scattered 50 to 100 inert mines and other ordnance. Our task was to fly our drone over the area and use our machine learning software to detect as many as possible. And we had to turn in our results within 72 hours.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10523016
Robert Kahn;Tekla S. Perry
IN THE MID-1960s, Robert Kahn began thinking about how computers with different operating systems could talk to each other across a network. He didn't think much about what they would say to one another, though. He was a theoretical guy, on leave from the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for a stint at the nearby research-and-development company Bolt, Beranek and Newman (BBN). He simply found the problem interesting.
{"title":"The Great Interconnector","authors":"Robert Kahn;Tekla S. Perry","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10523016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10523016","url":null,"abstract":"IN THE MID-1960s, Robert Kahn began thinking about how computers with different operating systems could talk to each other across a network. He didn't think much about what they would say to one another, though. He was a theoretical guy, on leave from the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for a stint at the nearby research-and-development company Bolt, Beranek and Newman (BBN). He simply found the problem interesting.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10523015
Dina Genkina
Since ChatGPT dropped in the fall of 2022, everyone and their donkey has tried their hand at prompt engineering—finding a clever way to phrase their query to a large language model (LLM) or AI art or video generator to get the best results (or sidestep protections). The Internet is replete with prompt-engineering guides, cheat sheets, and advice threads to help you get the most out of an LLM.
{"title":"Don't Start a Career as an AI Prompt Engineer AI will Take Your Job","authors":"Dina Genkina","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10523015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10523015","url":null,"abstract":"Since ChatGPT dropped in the fall of 2022, everyone and their donkey has tried their hand at prompt engineering—finding a clever way to phrase their query to a large language model (LLM) or AI art or video generator to get the best results (or sidestep protections). The Internet is replete with prompt-engineering guides, cheat sheets, and advice threads to help you get the most out of an LLM.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10458089
In nature, there are no second takes. Nor are there safe spaces that small creatures like rodents can inhabit while they refine their predator-avoidance techniques. But researchers at Northwestern University, in Evanston, Ill., have developed mouse-size virtual-reality goggles that let the critters in their lab gain experience with life-or-death situations without the actual threat of becoming an owl's snack or main course. These virtual-reality experiments benefit humans, too. Discovering the finer details of how mice see the world could lead to better brain-machine interfaces, as well as improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological ailments.
{"title":"A Mouse's-Eye View","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10458089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10458089","url":null,"abstract":"In nature, there are no second takes. Nor are there safe spaces that small creatures like rodents can inhabit while they refine their predator-avoidance techniques. But researchers at Northwestern University, in Evanston, Ill., have developed mouse-size virtual-reality goggles that let the critters in their lab gain experience with life-or-death situations without the actual threat of becoming an owl's snack or main course. These virtual-reality experiments benefit humans, too. Discovering the finer details of how mice see the world could lead to better brain-machine interfaces, as well as improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological ailments.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10458089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140014834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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