Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669240
Tekla S. Perry
It was December 2006. Twenty-nine-year-old entrepreneur James Park had just purchased a Wii game system. It included the Wii Nunchuk, a US $29 handheld controller with motion sensors that let game players interact by moving their bodies–swinging at a baseball, say, or boxing with a virtual partner.
{"title":"Engineering the First Fitbit: The Fitness Tracker's Creators Had a Billion-Dollar Idea—and a Lot to Learn About Hardware","authors":"Tekla S. Perry","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669240","url":null,"abstract":"It was December 2006. Twenty-nine-year-old entrepreneur James Park had just purchased a Wii game system. It included the Wii Nunchuk, a US $29 handheld controller with motion sensors that let game players interact by moving their bodies–swinging at a baseball, say, or boxing with a virtual partner.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":"61 9","pages":"40-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142143544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669143
Allison Marsh
In 1885, German engineer Paul Nipkow patented the idea of capturing and transmitting a picture by dividing it into lines, using a spinning disk with a spiral of perforated holes to scan the lines. The lines were turned into electrical signals, and a receiver then turned the signals back into light. Nipkow never commercialized his “electric telescope,” but decades later, Scottish inventor John Logie Baird took the idea much further. Baird's electromechanical system transmitted images using a spinning Nipkow disk fitted with glass lenses and a photoelectric cell. A companion Nipkow disk in the receiver re-created the lines of the image and projected them onto 26 January 1926, select members of the Royal Institution gathered at Baird's lab in London to witness the transmission of a small but clearly defined image of a ventriloquist dummy's face. The event is often heralded as the first public demonstration of television.
{"title":"Past Forward: The Mechanical TV","authors":"Allison Marsh","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669143","url":null,"abstract":"In 1885, German engineer Paul Nipkow patented the idea of capturing and transmitting a picture by dividing it into lines, using a spinning disk with a spiral of perforated holes to scan the lines. The lines were turned into electrical signals, and a receiver then turned the signals back into light. Nipkow never commercialized his “electric telescope,” but decades later, Scottish inventor John Logie Baird took the idea much further. Baird's electromechanical system transmitted images using a spinning Nipkow disk fitted with glass lenses and a photoelectric cell. A companion Nipkow disk in the receiver re-created the lines of the image and projected them onto 26 January 1926, select members of the Royal Institution gathered at Baird's lab in London to witness the transmission of a small but clearly defined image of a ventriloquist dummy's face. The event is often heralded as the first public demonstration of television.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":"61 9","pages":"68-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10669143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142143782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669241
Samuel K. Moore
Chipmakers continue to claw for every spare nano-meter to continue scaling down circuits, but a technology involving things that are much bigger—hundreds or thousands of nanometers across—could be just as significant over the next five years.
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Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669141
Harry Goldstein
It pays to have friends in fascinating places. You need look no further than the cover of this issue and the article “IBM's Big Bet on the Quantum-Centric Supercomputer” [p. 24] for evidence. The article by Ryan Mandelbaum, Antonio D. Córcoles, and Jay Gambetta came to us courtesy of the article's illustrator, the inimitable graphic artist Carl De Torres, a longtime IEEE Spectrum contributor as well as a design and communications consultant for IBM Research.
在迷人的地方交朋友是有好处的。本期封面和文章《IBM 在以量子为中心的超级计算机上的巨大赌注》（IBM's Big Bet on the Quantum-Centric Supercomputer）[第 24 页]就是最好的证明。Ryan Mandelbaum、Antonio D. Córcoles 和 Jay Gambetta 撰写的这篇文章是由文章的插图作者、无与伦比的图形艺术家 Carl De Torres 提供的。
{"title":"A Match Made in Yorktown Heights: How One Artist Fostered a Visually Stunning Collaboration","authors":"Harry Goldstein","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669141","url":null,"abstract":"It pays to have friends in fascinating places. You need look no further than the cover of this issue and the article “IBM's Big Bet on the Quantum-Centric Supercomputer” [p. 24] for evidence. The article by Ryan Mandelbaum, Antonio D. Córcoles, and Jay Gambetta came to us courtesy of the article's illustrator, the inimitable graphic artist Carl De Torres, a longtime IEEE Spectrum contributor as well as a design and communications consultant for IBM Research.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":"61 9","pages":"2-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10669141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142143666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669253
Ryan Mandelbaum;Antonio D. Córcoles;Jay Gambetta
Back in June 2022, Oak Ridge National Laboratory debuted Frontier—the world's most powerful super-computer. Frontier can perform a billion billion calculations per second. And yet there are computational problems that Frontier may never be able to solve in a reasonable amount of time.
{"title":"IBM's Big Bet on the Quantum-Centric Supercomputer: Recent Advances Point the Way to Useful Classical-Quantum Hybrids","authors":"Ryan Mandelbaum;Antonio D. Córcoles;Jay Gambetta","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669253","url":null,"abstract":"Back in June 2022, Oak Ridge National Laboratory debuted Frontier—the world's most powerful super-computer. Frontier can perform a billion billion calculations per second. And yet there are computational problems that Frontier may never be able to solve in a reasonable amount of time.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":"61 9","pages":"24-33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142143540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669256
Edd Gent
A team of engineers at Bilkent University, in Ankara, Türkiye, has built a nanoscale optical element not on top of a silicon wafer, but rather in a layer below the surface. To achieve this, they used a special type of laser known as a Bessel beam, whose light can pass through the surface of a wafer and interact with the silicon below. Because the Bessel beam's light doesn't diffract, it's now possible to create two-dimensional structures inside the silicon as small as 100 nanometers.
{"title":"Laser Embeds Nanoscale Device in Silicon","authors":"Edd Gent","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10669256","url":null,"abstract":"A team of engineers at Bilkent University, in Ankara, Türkiye, has built a nanoscale optical element not on top of a silicon wafer, but rather in a layer below the surface. To achieve this, they used a special type of laser known as a Bessel beam, whose light can pass through the surface of a wafer and interact with the silicon below. Because the Bessel beam's light doesn't diffract, it's now possible to create two-dimensional structures inside the silicon as small as 100 nanometers.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":"61 9","pages":"14-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10669256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142143579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-05DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10623187
Corey S. Powell
ON 29 OCTOBER 2020, astronomer Przemek Mróz from the University of Warsaw and an international group of collaborators reported a peculiar flicker of light originating from halfway across our galaxy. The signal, designated OGLE-2016-BLG-1928, was extremely subtle. It caused a single star to brighten and dim by about 20 percent over a 6-hour period, just once, never repeated. But the implication of that little flicker was huge: It was the first credible sighting of an Earth-size “rogue planet,” a world untethered to any star, floating freely between the stars.
{"title":"The Hunt for Rogue Planets: The Galaxy May Hold a Trillion Wandering, Sunless Worlds. So How Do We Find Them?","authors":"Corey S. Powell","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10623187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10623187","url":null,"abstract":"ON 29 OCTOBER 2020, astronomer Przemek Mróz from the University of Warsaw and an international group of collaborators reported a peculiar flicker of light originating from halfway across our galaxy. The signal, designated OGLE-2016-BLG-1928, was extremely subtle. It caused a single star to brighten and dim by about 20 percent over a 6-hour period, just once, never repeated. But the implication of that little flicker was huge: It was the first credible sighting of an Earth-size “rogue planet,” a world untethered to any star, floating freely between the stars.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":"61 8","pages":"24-35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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