Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705368
Stephen Cass
The Media Archaeology Lab is one of the largest public collections in the world of obsolete, yet functional, technology. Located on the University of Colorado Boulder campus, the MAL is where you can watch a magic lantern show, play Star Castle on a Vectrex games console, or check out the weather on an Atari 800 via Fujinet. IEEE Spectrum spoke to managing director Libi Rose about the MAL's mission and her role in keeping all that obsolete tech functional, so that people of today can experience the media of the past.
媒体考古实验室是世界上最大的废弃但实用的技术公共收藏馆之一。MAL 位于科罗拉多大学博尔德校区，在这里你可以观看魔术灯笼表演，在 Vectrex 游戏机上玩《星际城堡》，或者通过 Fujinet 在雅达利 800 上查看天气。IEEE Spectrum 采访了 MAL 的总经理 Libi Rose，了解了 MAL 的使命以及她在保持这些过时技术的功能性方面所扮演的角色，以便今天的人们可以体验过去的媒体。
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Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705373
Tariq Samad;Gus Gaynor
As you begin your professional career, freshly armed with an engineering degree, your initial roles and responsibilities are likely to revolve around what you learned at school. If you do well in your job, you're apt to be promoted and gain responsibilities, such as managing projects, interacting with other departments, making presentations to management, and meeting with customers. You will probably also acquire a general understanding of how your company and the business world work.
{"title":"Careers: Do You Actually Want to be a Manager?: Understand the Pros and Cons Before You Decide to Switch Tracks","authors":"Tariq Samad;Gus Gaynor","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705373","url":null,"abstract":"As you begin your professional career, freshly armed with an engineering degree, your initial roles and responsibilities are likely to revolve around what you learned at school. If you do well in your job, you're apt to be promoted and gain responsibilities, such as managing projects, interacting with other departments, making presentations to management, and meeting with customers. You will probably also acquire a general understanding of how your company and the business world work.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":"61 10","pages":"19-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10705373","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705380
Alfred Poor
A transparent television might seem like magic, but both LG and Samsung demonstrated such displays this past January in Las Vegas at CES 2024. And those large transparent TVs, which attracted countless spectators peeking through video images dancing on their screens, were showstoppers.
{"title":"How to Make TV Screens Disappear: See-Through TVs Could Banish the Big Black Rectangle—at a Cost","authors":"Alfred Poor","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705380","url":null,"abstract":"A transparent television might seem like magic, but both LG and Samsung demonstrated such displays this past January in Las Vegas at CES 2024. And those large transparent TVs, which attracted countless spectators peeking through video images dancing on their screens, were showstoppers.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":"61 10","pages":"34-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705385
Bryan Clark
AGAINST ALL ODDS, Ukraine is still standing more than two and a half years after Russia's massive 2022 invasion. Of course, hundreds of billions of dollars in Western support as well as Russian errors have helped immensely, but it would be a mistake to overlook Ukraine's creative use of new technologies, particularly drones. While uncrewed aerial vehicles have grabbed most of the attention, it is naval drones that could be the key to bringing Russian president Vladimir Putin to the negotiating table.
{"title":"Sea Drones in the Russia-Ukraine War Inspire New Tactics: Military Strategists See a Possible Means of Defending Taiwan","authors":"Bryan Clark","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705385","url":null,"abstract":"AGAINST ALL ODDS, Ukraine is still standing more than two and a half years after Russia's massive 2022 invasion. Of course, hundreds of billions of dollars in Western support as well as Russian errors have helped immensely, but it would be a mistake to overlook Ukraine's creative use of new technologies, particularly drones. While uncrewed aerial vehicles have grabbed most of the attention, it is naval drones that could be the key to bringing Russian president Vladimir Putin to the negotiating table.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":"61 10","pages":"28-33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705376
Matthew S. Smith
IT'S HARD TO OVERSTATE NVIDIA'S AI DOMINANCE. Founded in 1993, Nvidia first made its mark in the then-new field of graphics processing units (GPUs) for personal computers. But it's the company's AI chips, not PC graphics hardware, that vaulted Nvidia into the ranks of the world's most valuable companies. It turns out that Nvidia's GPUs are also excellent for AI. As a result, its stock is more than 15 times as valuable as it was at the start of 2020; revenues have ballooned from roughly US $12 billion in its 2019 fiscal year to $60 billion in 2024; and the AI powerhouse's leading-edge chips are as scarce, and desired, as water in a desert.
{"title":"Challengers are Coming for Nvidia's Crown: In AI's Game of Thrones, Don't Count Out the Upstarts","authors":"Matthew S. Smith","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705376","url":null,"abstract":"IT'S HARD TO OVERSTATE NVIDIA'S AI DOMINANCE. Founded in 1993, Nvidia first made its mark in the then-new field of graphics processing units (GPUs) for personal computers. But it's the company's AI chips, not PC graphics hardware, that vaulted Nvidia into the ranks of the world's most valuable companies. It turns out that Nvidia's GPUs are also excellent for AI. As a result, its stock is more than 15 times as valuable as it was at the start of 2020; revenues have ballooned from roughly US $12 billion in its 2019 fiscal year to $60 billion in 2024; and the AI powerhouse's leading-edge chips are as scarce, and desired, as water in a desert.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":"61 10","pages":"40-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705382
Evan Ackerman
The Boston-based startup Perceptive is pioneering the use of robots to perform common dental procedures like fitting crowns faster and more precisely than a human can. The technology relies on a new kind of high-precision dental imaging system akin to ultrasound but using light instead (called optical coherence tomography) to map the surface and interior structure of patients' teeth. The robot is physically attached to the patient's jaw to mirror their head movements, while the dentist stays in control of each procedure for safety. According to the company, procedures that would take hours over multiple visits can now be completed in a single, shorter visit.
{"title":"Open Wide for This Robot Arm","authors":"Evan Ackerman","doi":"10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPEC.2024.10705382","url":null,"abstract":"The Boston-based startup Perceptive is pioneering the use of robots to perform common dental procedures like fitting crowns faster and more precisely than a human can. The technology relies on a new kind of high-precision dental imaging system akin to ultrasound but using light instead (called optical coherence tomography) to map the surface and interior structure of patients' teeth. The robot is physically attached to the patient's jaw to mirror their head movements, while the dentist stays in control of each procedure for safety. According to the company, procedures that would take hours over multiple visits can now be completed in a single, shorter visit.","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":"61 10","pages":"14-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10705382","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2023-09-07DOI: 10.1177/17585732231200497
Alexander N Berk, Alexander A Hysong, Joseph B Kahan, Anna M Ifarraguerri, David P Trofa, Nady Hamid, Allison J Rao, Bryan M Saltzman
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the available level I evidence regarding the impact of tranexamic acid (TXA) on early postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA).
Methods: A systematic review of the literature through April 2023 was performed to identify level I RCTs examining the use of TXA at the time of primary TSA or RTSA.
Results: Among 5 included studies, a total of 435 patients (219 TXA, 216 control) were identified. Superior hematologic outcomes were observed among the TXA cohort, including lower 24-hour drain output (MD -112.70 mL: p < 0.001), lower pre- to postoperative change in hemoglobin (MD: -0.68 g/dL, p < 0.001), and less total perioperative blood loss (MD: -249.56 mL, p < 0.001). Postoperative Visual Analog Scale for pain (VAS-pain) scores were lower in the TXA group, but not significantly (MD: -0.46, p = 0.17). Postoperative blood transfusion was required in 3/219 TXA patients (1.4%) and 7/216 control patients (3.2%) (RR: 0.40, p = 0.16).
Conclusion: Perioperative TXA reduces drain output and total blood loss without increasing the risk of adverse events. TXA was not shown to decrease postoperative transfusion rates when compared to placebo controls.
{"title":"The efficacy of tranexamic acid in primary anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta-analysis of level I randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Alexander N Berk, Alexander A Hysong, Joseph B Kahan, Anna M Ifarraguerri, David P Trofa, Nady Hamid, Allison J Rao, Bryan M Saltzman","doi":"10.1177/17585732231200497","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17585732231200497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to systematically review the available level I evidence regarding the impact of tranexamic acid (TXA) on early postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review of the literature through April 2023 was performed to identify level I RCTs examining the use of TXA at the time of primary TSA or RTSA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 5 included studies, a total of 435 patients (219 TXA, 216 control) were identified. Superior hematologic outcomes were observed among the TXA cohort, including lower 24-hour drain output (MD -112.70 mL: <i>p </i>< 0.001), lower pre- to postoperative change in hemoglobin (MD: -0.68 g/dL, <i>p </i>< 0.001), and less total perioperative blood loss (MD: -249.56 mL, <i>p </i>< 0.001). Postoperative Visual Analog Scale for pain (VAS-pain) scores were lower in the TXA group, but not significantly (MD: -0.46, <i>p </i>= 0.17). Postoperative blood transfusion was required in 3/219 TXA patients (1.4%) and 7/216 control patients (3.2%) (RR: 0.40, <i>p </i>= 0.16).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Perioperative TXA reduces drain output and total blood loss without increasing the risk of adverse events. TXA was not shown to decrease postoperative transfusion rates when compared to placebo controls.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level I, meta-analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13249,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Spectrum","volume":"16 1","pages":"481-492"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84423952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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