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Development of Polyherbal Formulation: Impact of Antioxidants on In Vivo Antidepressant Activity in Animal Models 多草药配方的开发:抗氧化剂对动物模型体内抗抑郁活性的影响
4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.1188
A. R. Surana, M. R. Kumbhare, H. I. Narkhede
In Ayurveda, single or multiple herbs are used as medication for various ailments. Depression is often manifesting with various symptoms at the behavioral, psychological and physiological levels. Therefore, the investigation for therapeutic alternative is important. Oxidative stress has shown important biochemical aspects in the depression. This study evaluated effect of natural antioxidant on antidepressant activity of polyherbal formulation on the performance of male mice. Mice were given orally polyherbal formulation without antioxidant and with antioxidant daily for 7 d and then subjected to forced swim test and tail suspension test. After 1 w treatment, both polyherbal formulation significantly reduced immobility time in forced swim test and tail suspension test compared with vehicle treated control group. The immobility time in tail suspension test of polyherbal formulation without antioxidant and with antioxidant was found to be 151.17±4.46 s and 116.33±8.84 s respectively. The immobility time in tail suspension test of polyherbal formulation without antioxidant and with antioxidant was found to be 137.17±5.93 s, 113.50±5.40 s respectively. These results indicate that the antidepressant when given along with antioxidant in mice it gives significant antidepressant effect. The experimental results suggest that the intake of antioxidant may help in reducing the symptoms of depression, via supplementation of antioxidant.
在阿育吠陀,单一或多种草药被用作治疗各种疾病的药物。抑郁症往往表现为行为、心理和生理层面的各种症状。因此,研究替代治疗方法是很重要的。氧化应激在抑郁症中表现出重要的生化作用。本研究评价了天然抗氧化剂对复方抗抑郁活性对雄性小鼠生产性能的影响。小鼠每天口服不含抗氧化剂和含抗氧化剂的复方,连续7 d,然后进行强迫游泳试验和悬尾试验。治疗1 w后,与对照组相比,两种复方均显著减少了强迫游泳试验和悬尾试验的静止时间。不加抗氧剂和加抗氧剂的复方尾悬试验的静止时间分别为151.17±4.46 s和116.33±8.84 s。不加抗氧剂和加抗氧剂的复方在尾悬试验中的静止时间分别为137.17±5.93 s和113.50±5.40 s。这些结果表明,抗抑郁药与抗氧化剂一起给予小鼠具有显著的抗抑郁作用。实验结果表明,抗氧化剂的摄入可能有助于减轻抑郁症的症状,通过补充抗氧化剂。
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引用次数: 0
Capsaicin Regulates Glucose Metabolism in Rats Fed with Dietary Fiber by Regulating Microbiota-Short Chain Fatty Acids 辣椒素通过调节微生物群-短链脂肪酸调节膳食纤维喂养大鼠的葡萄糖代谢
4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.1176
Ting Gong, Haizhu Wang, Jincan Lei, Lingqun Jiang, Ming Yuan
Capsaicin and dietary fiber are effective natural food ingredients to control the obesity and metabolic diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the improved anti-obesity effects by adding capsaicin to a high-fiber diet. Sprague–Dawley rats were fed with high fiber diet, and different doses of capsaicin. Plasma parameters, gut microbiota, bile acid and short-chain fatty acids were analyzed to detect the improved effects and possible mechanisms. The results showed that the addition of capsaicin further decreased the fasting blood glucose and insulin, and increased beta-muricholic acid, deoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, and 3 beta-ursodeoxycholic acid when compared to only high fiber diet. Administration of 0.05 g/kg capsaicin showed the highest of tauro-alpha-muricholic acid sodium salt and tauro-beta-muricholic acid sodium salt and 0.1 g/kg capsaicin resulted in the highest of lithocholic acid, cholic acid and hyodeoxycholic acid. Capsaicin increased the abundance of microorganisms including Akkermansia, Allobaculum et al. and increased the short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic acid and butyric acid. Results from our study indicated that the addition of capsaicin have better effects to reduce the weight, insulin and fasting blood glucose, and the possibly mechanism can be due to the changes in bile acid composition, microbial abundance and shortchain fatty acids.
辣椒素和膳食纤维是控制肥胖和代谢性疾病的有效天然食品成分。本研究的目的是研究在高纤维饮食中添加辣椒素的抗肥胖效果。Sprague-Dawley大鼠喂食高纤维饮食和不同剂量的辣椒素。分析血浆参数、肠道菌群、胆汁酸和短链脂肪酸,以检测改善效果和可能的机制。结果表明,与高纤维饮食相比,辣椒素的添加进一步降低了空腹血糖和胰岛素,并增加了β -胆酸、去氧胆酸、鹅去氧胆酸和3 β -熊去氧胆酸。0.05 g/kg辣椒素处理的牛牛- α -胆酸钠盐和牛牛- β -胆酸钠盐含量最高,0.1 g/kg辣椒素处理的石胆酸、胆酸和羟脱氧胆酸含量最高。辣椒素增加了Akkermansia, Allobaculum等微生物的丰度,增加了短链脂肪酸,尤其是乙酸和丁酸。本研究结果表明,辣椒素的添加对体重、胰岛素和空腹血糖有较好的降低效果,其机制可能与胆汁酸组成、微生物丰度和短链脂肪酸的改变有关。
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引用次数: 0
Progress in the Research of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Non-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Non-Hodgkin's B-Cell Lymphoma Treated With R-CHOP R-CHOP治疗非人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的非霍奇金b细胞淋巴瘤肺囊虫性肺炎的研究进展
4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.1185
Fengping Zhou, Shenhe Jin, Jin Zhang
Increasing numbers of non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals with non-Hodgkin's B cell lymphoma treated with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone have been diagnosed with Pneumocystis pneumonia. Pneumocystis pneumonia is a serious infection with a high mortality rate and rapid progression. In these patients, the incidence of Pneumocystis pneumonia varied from 1.4 % to 13 %, according to a comprehensive literature review. The major clinical symptoms were dry cough, fever, tightness in the chest, progressive dyspnea and hypoxemia. The standard method of diagnosis is Pneumocystis detection in broncho alveolar lavage fluid and high-resolution computed tomography can be detected in diffuse interstitial infiltration of both lungs. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole is the main treatment for Pneumocystis pneumonia and most studies have shown that preventive use of trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole can help reduce the incidence of Pneumocystis pneumonia. In order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and the prompt initiation of therapy for treatment and prevention to improve outcomes in these patients, a deeper knowledge of the relationship between rituximab use and the incidence of Pneumocystis pneumonia and the characteristics of Pneumocystis pneumonia in non-human immunodeficiency virusinfected patients with lymphoma is required.
越来越多的非人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的非霍奇金B细胞淋巴瘤患者接受利妥昔单抗联合环磷酰胺、阿霉素、长春新碱和强的松治疗后被诊断为肺囊虫性肺炎。肺囊虫性肺炎是一种死亡率高、进展快的严重感染。在这些患者中,肺囊虫肺炎的发病率从1.4%到13%不等,根据全面的文献综述。主要临床症状为干咳、发热、胸闷、进行性呼吸困难、低氧血症。诊断的标准方法是在支气管肺泡灌洗液中检测肺囊虫,双肺弥漫性间质浸润可检测高分辨率计算机断层扫描。甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑是肺囊虫肺炎的主要治疗药物,大多数研究表明,预防性使用甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑有助于减少肺囊虫肺炎的发病率。为了提高诊断的准确性,及时开始治疗和预防,以改善这些患者的预后,需要更深入地了解利妥昔单抗与肺囊虫肺炎发病率的关系,以及非人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的淋巴瘤患者肺囊虫肺炎的特征。
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引用次数: 0
Association of Bile Acid with White Matter Hyperintensity in Cognitively Normal Older Adults 胆汁酸与认知正常老年人白质高强度的关系
4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.spl.698
X. K. Xu, Yueqi Zhang, X. J. Lu, Baolin Shi
This study aimed to detect associations of bile acid profile with white matter hyperintensity and quantify the risk of cerebral small vessel disease with high level of bile acid among cognitively normal individuals. All data were obtained from the patients with Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative with a 10 y follow-up. Multivariate linear regressions were performed with variable selection using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method and the linear mixed model was used to analyze longitudinal relationship between non-zero coefficient variables and white matter hyperintensity volume. Four predictors (age, deoxycholic acid, glucose, total intracranial volume) were identified by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis and multivariate linear regressions. Age (p value<0.001, mean difference, 1.03 cm 3 [95 % interval: 1.02, 1.04]) and deoxycholic acid (p value<0.05, mean difference, 1.05 cm 3 [95 % confidence interval: 1.00, 1.10]) were significantly associated with white matter hyperintensity. When divided into two groups by the median deoxycholic acid level (1.38 µM), participants with higher deoxycholic acid levels had a higher white matter hyperintensity volume at the 4 th y than those with lower deoxycholic acid levels (mean difference, 0.1 points [95 % confidence interval: -0.17, -0.03]; p<0.05). We found that increased deoxycholic acid levels may lead to the progression of white matter hyperintensity, which suggest that higher deoxycholic acid burden may play a possible role in the pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease in cognitively normal older adults. Besides, the study indicates a possible role for inflammation in the pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease.
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引用次数: 0
A Randomized Controlled Study to Observe the Efficacy of External Treatment with Qingluo San on Phlebitis from Peripheral Venous Catheter 外置清络散治疗外周静脉导管性静脉炎的随机对照研究
4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.spl.708
Jiayue Li, Yuan Zhang, Ying Zhang, Peng Guo, Ning Guo, Xiaoyan Zheng, Yuan Tian
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the Chinese herbal ointment Qingluo San in preventing phlebitis in patients with peripheral venous catheters. We conducted a single-center randomized controlled trial, in which 127 eligible patients were assigned randomly to one of two groups; the experimental group or the control group. The degrees of pain intensity and phlebitis were measured at baseline, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. Demographic information (age, gender, body mass index) and phlebitis sites, catheter dwell time, hemoglobin and white blood cells were obtained from all patients. Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed significantly lower incidence of phlebitis and pain intensity at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after intervention. However, there were no significant differences about the demographic information (age, gender, body mass index) and phlebitis sites, catheter dwell time, hemoglobin and white blood cells between these two groups. In patients with peripheral venous catheters, external treatment with Qingluo San was an effective method for decreasing the incidence of phlebitis.
本研究的目的是评价中药软膏清络散对外周静脉置管患者静脉炎的预防作用。我们进行了一项单中心随机对照试验,将127名符合条件的患者随机分为两组;实验组和对照组。在基线、24小时、48小时和72小时测量疼痛强度和静脉炎程度,并获取所有患者的人口统计学信息(年龄、性别、体重指数)、静脉炎部位、导管停留时间、血红蛋白和白细胞。与对照组相比,实验组在干预后24 h、48 h、72 h静脉炎发生率和疼痛强度均明显降低。两组患者的人口统计学信息(年龄、性别、体重指数)、静脉炎部位、置管时间、血红蛋白、白细胞等差异均无统计学意义。外置静脉导管患者外置清络散治疗是降低静脉炎发生率的有效方法。
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引用次数: 0
A Systematic Expression Profile of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA in Osteoporosis upon Treatment with Denosumab Denosumab治疗骨质疏松症中circRNA-miRNA-mRNA的系统表达谱
4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.spl.705
H. M. Niu, L. C. Wei, L. He
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引用次数: 0
Relationship between Effect of Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Risk of Preeclampsia: A Research Study 膳食类黄酮摄入量与子痫前期风险关系的研究
4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.spl.718
Bingrui Liu, Yanhua Liu, Ting Kang, Xianlan Zhao, Y. Cao, Quanjun Lyu
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引用次数: 0
Validated Bio-Analytical Method for Cinacalcet Concentrations in Rat Plasma by Reversed Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography- Photodiode Array Detector Method 反相高效液相色谱-光电二极管阵列检测法测定大鼠血浆中Cinacalcet浓度的验证方法
IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.1071
M. Nagasarapu, I. B. Mahammad
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引用次数: 0
In Vitro Anticancer and Antioxidant Potential of Pittosporum dasycaulon Leaves extract Against the Human Liver and Lymphoma Cancer 皮托孢子囊叶提取物对人肝癌和淋巴瘤的体外抗癌和抗氧化作用
IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.1076
C. Riyas, Swapna Thacheril Sukumaran
Cancers are the uncontrolled growth of cells or tumors, and it is one of the leading causes of death all over the world. Currently, available synthetic drugs such as cisplatin, doxorubicin and fluorouracil are reported to have notable side effects in living tissues (skin irritations, dry and cracked skin, and mouth sores). So researchers are scrutinizing for alternative medications to overcome these side effects. Plants are one of the vital sources of alternative medicines with less toxicity and may overcome these side-effects of synthetic drugs. The study evaluated cytotoxicity and antioxidant potential on methanolic and aqueous extract of Pittosporum dasycaulon leaves. In the present study of cytotoxicity, the selected extracts were screened against two cancer cell lines (human liver cancer cells and Lymph cancer cell-Dalton's lymphoma ascites ascites). Two normal cells, intestinal epithelial-6, and Rat spleen were used to test cytotoxicity by using the trypan blue exclusion method and 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The antiradical activity was also evaluated with its half maximal inhibitory concentration. The content of total phenolic, flavonoid and saponins was also estimated. The present study displayed leaves methanolic extract found to have a significant rate of cell death against cancer cell lines (Dalton's lymphoma ascites and human liver cancer cells) with lethal concentration 50 values ranging from 8.21±0.3 to 55.65±0.11 µg/ml. However, the same extract had very less cytotoxicity even in higher doses against non-cancerous intestinal cell lines (intestinal epithelial-6) and rat spleen cell lines ranging from 389.50±0.6 to 1800.00±0.1 μg/ml. The quantitative analysis of leaf methanolic extract showed a high level of saponins and phenolic compounds. Therefore, leaves of Pittosporum dasycaulon Miq are a promising candidate for natural antioxidant as well as anticancer components. Hence, further extensive study urges to evaluate the mechanism as well as to investigate of individual components responsible for cytotoxicity and antiradical potential.
癌症是细胞或肿瘤不受控制的生长,它是世界上导致死亡的主要原因之一。目前,据报道,现有的合成药物如顺铂、阿霉素和氟尿嘧啶对活体组织有明显的副作用(皮肤刺激、皮肤干燥和皲裂、口腔溃疡)。因此,研究人员正在仔细研究替代药物来克服这些副作用。植物是毒性较小的替代药物的重要来源之一,可以克服合成药物的这些副作用。本研究评价了油松叶醇提物和水提物的细胞毒性和抗氧化活性。在目前的细胞毒性研究中,所选提取物对两种癌细胞系(人肝癌细胞和淋巴癌细胞-道尔顿淋巴瘤腹水)进行了筛选。采用台番蓝排斥法和3-(4,5 -二甲基噻唑-2)- 2,5 -二苯基溴化四唑试验检测正常细胞肠上皮-6和大鼠脾脏的细胞毒性。并以其最大抑制浓度的一半来评价其抗自由基活性。测定了总酚、类黄酮和皂苷的含量。本研究发现,叶甲醇提取物对癌细胞(道尔顿淋巴瘤腹水细胞和人肝癌细胞)具有显著的细胞死亡率,致死浓度50值为8.21±0.3 ~ 55.65±0.11µg/ml。在389.50±0.6 ~ 1800.00±0.1 μg/ml范围内,相同的提取物对非癌性肠细胞株(肠上皮-6)和大鼠脾细胞株的细胞毒性很小。定量分析表明,叶甲醇提取物中皂苷和酚类化合物含量较高。因此,皮孢叶是一种很有前途的天然抗氧化剂和抗癌成分。因此,进一步的研究迫切需要评估其机制,并研究负责细胞毒性和抗自由基潜能的单个成分。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Formononetin on PTEN/AKT Signaling Pathway and Angiogenesis of Transplanted Tumor in Nude Mice with Breast Cancer Cells 刺芒柄花素对乳腺癌裸鼠移植瘤PTEN/AKT信号通路及血管生成的影响
IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.1128
Y. Dai, YuXin Chen, Y. Chen, Zheng Xu, Jinhuan Ding
To investigate the effect of formononetin on phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome ten/protein kinase B signaling pathway and angiogenesis of transplanted tumor in nude mice with breast cancer cells. Nude mice with breast cancer cell transplanted tumors were established and randomly divided into control group, low (0.1 mg/g) and medium (0.2 mg/g) doses of formononetin, high (0.4 mg/g) and taxol (10 µg/g) groups, after grouping treatment, the transplanted tumor volumes of nude mice in each group were measured; terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining was used to detect the apoptosis of transplanted tumor cells; the angiogenesis (proportion of cluster of differentiation 31 positive cells) of transplanted tumors was detected by immunohistochemical staining; serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels in nude mice were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor and phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome ten/protein kinase B pathway related proteins in transplanted tumors were detected by Western blot assay. Compared to the control group, the volumes of transplanted tumors, the proportion of cluster of differentiation 31 positive cells, serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels, vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression, and phosphorylated-protein kinase B/protein kinase B of nude mice were decreased, while the proportion of apoptotic cells and phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome ten protein expression were increased in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05) in low, medium and high doses of formononetin or taxol groups; however, there were no differences in all indexes between taxol group and high dose group of formononetin (p>0.05). Formononetin up-regulates phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome ten expression, decreases protein kinase B phosphorylation and inhibits transplanted tumor growth and angiogenesis of transplanted tumor in nude mice with breast cancer cells
探讨芒柄花素对裸鼠乳腺癌移植瘤细胞10号染色体/蛋白激酶B信号通路上磷酸酶和紧张素同源性缺失及血管生成的影响。建立乳腺癌细胞移植肿瘤裸鼠,随机分为对照组、刺芒柄花素低剂量组(0.1 mg/g)、中剂量组(0.2 mg/g)、高剂量组(0.4 mg/g)和紫杉醇(10µg/g)组,分组处理后,测定各组裸鼠移植肿瘤体积;采用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口端标记法检测移植肿瘤细胞凋亡情况;免疫组化染色检测移植肿瘤血管生成情况(分化31个阳性细胞簇的比例);采用酶联免疫吸附法检测裸鼠血清血管内皮生长因子水平;Western blot法检测移植瘤组织中血管内皮生长因子及10号染色体上缺失的磷酸酶和紧张素同源性/蛋白激酶B通路相关蛋白的表达。与对照组相比,裸鼠移植瘤体积、分化31阳性细胞簇比例、血清血管内皮生长因子水平、血管内皮生长因子蛋白表达、磷酸化蛋白激酶B/蛋白激酶B比例均降低,凋亡细胞比例、10号染色体上磷酸酶和张力素同源性缺失蛋白表达呈剂量依赖性升高(p0.05)。芒柄花素上调乳腺癌裸鼠10号染色体上缺失的磷酸酶和张力素同源基因的表达,降低蛋白激酶B磷酸化,抑制移植瘤生长和移植瘤血管生成
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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