An experiment was conducted in three different locations using 42 crosses derived by crossing six lines and seven testers in Line x Tester design to identify stable cotton genotypes amenable to a high-density planting system. The heterozygotes were found more stable due to individual buffering capacities over homozygotes. Strong association between heterobeltiosis and specific combining ability (sca) was shown by the hybrids MC 4-3 x MC 3-2, MC 4-3 x MC 22-2, MC 4-3 x NH 630, MC 5-1 x MC 11-1 and MC 5-1 x NH 630 while MC 17-6 x MC 17-1, MC 4-3 x MC 3-2, MC 16-3 x MC 17-2 had out yielded homozygous parents in poor environments and exhibited heterosis and sca effects in desirable direction for short compact characters.
{"title":"Influence of G x E interaction on heterobeltiosis, combining ability and stability of multiple cross derivatives of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) amenable for HDPS","authors":"K. Murthy, T. Pradeep","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000An experiment was conducted in three different locations using 42 crosses derived by crossing six lines and seven testers in Line x Tester design to identify stable cotton genotypes amenable to a high-density planting system. The heterozygotes were found more stable due to individual buffering capacities over homozygotes. Strong association between heterobeltiosis and specific combining ability (sca) was shown by the hybrids MC 4-3 x MC 3-2, MC 4-3 x MC 22-2, MC 4-3 x NH 630, MC 5-1 x MC 11-1 and MC 5-1 x NH 630 while MC 17-6 x MC 17-1, MC 4-3 x MC 3-2, MC 16-3 x MC 17-2 had out yielded homozygous parents in poor environments and exhibited heterosis and sca effects in desirable direction for short compact characters.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42069574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Kottawa-Arachchi, M. Ranatunga, D. S. D. Abeysiriwardena
Selection of tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] cultivars with wide adaptability over diverse environments is an important criteria to get prior information to recommend the cultivar for a particular region. A study was carried out to identify the most adaptable and stable tea genotypes for recommendation in the Up-country tea growing region in Sri Lanka by evaluating several potential tea genotypes for their wide adaptability and stability over diverse environments based on the analysis of GE interaction using within location non-replicated multi-environmental yield trials and GGE biplot methods. Six promising tea genotypes with desirable agronomic traits selected based on preliminary yield trials were evaluated along with a standard check in large scale within location non-replicated multi-locational yield trials at six locations (tea estates) in the Up-country tea growing region in Sri Lanka. The crop yields were recorded by harvesting green leaves in every seven days for three years covering six seasons (1st pruning cycle). Yield data were analyzed by within location non-replicated multi-locational yield trials and GGE biplot analysis. The genotype 272 was identified as the most adaptable and stable genotype followed by 582 and rest of the genotypes showed poor adaptability in the test region.
{"title":"Utilization of within location non-replicated multi-locational yield trials and GGE biplot methods for testing adaptability of tea [(Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)] over diverse environments","authors":"J. Kottawa-Arachchi, M. Ranatunga, D. S. D. Abeysiriwardena","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Selection of tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] cultivars with wide adaptability over diverse environments is an important criteria to get prior information to recommend the cultivar for a particular region. A study was carried out to identify the most adaptable and stable tea genotypes for recommendation in the Up-country tea growing region in Sri Lanka by evaluating several potential tea genotypes for their wide adaptability and stability over diverse environments based on the analysis of GE interaction using within location non-replicated multi-environmental yield trials and GGE biplot methods. Six promising tea genotypes with desirable agronomic traits selected based on preliminary yield trials were evaluated along with a standard check in large scale within location non-replicated multi-locational yield trials at six locations (tea estates) in the Up-country tea growing region in Sri Lanka. The crop yields were recorded by harvesting green leaves in every seven days for three years covering six seasons (1st pruning cycle). Yield data were analyzed by within location non-replicated multi-locational yield trials and GGE biplot analysis. The genotype 272 was identified as the most adaptable and stable genotype followed by 582 and rest of the genotypes showed poor adaptability in the test region.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48107146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shrikrishna P. Desai, H. Lohithaswa, N. Mallikarjuna
To compare the efficiency of multiparental and biparental progenies to northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) resistance, F3 progenies were evaluated during two seasons. A total of 418 F3 progenies derived from multiple founder parents and 248 F3 progenies derived from two parents, namely, SKV50 (Resistant) and CM202 (Susceptible) were phenotyped for their response to the NCLB during summer and kharif 2020. A wide range of disease severity was observed among F3 progenies derived from multiple parents ranging from 28.12 to 62.93%. The difference in the variances between multiparent and biparental progenies was indicated by the significance of Levene’s test. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed among multi-parental progenies than those derived from the biparental population. Reaction to NCLB showed moderate heritability of 57% and high genetic advance as per cent mean (20.70%) in the case of biparental population, whereas, multi-parental population exhibited a high heritability (68%) and high genetic advance as per cent mean (28.57%). The distribution of F3 progenies was found to be positively skewed and platykurtic indicating that the trait was under the control of large number of genes with complementary gene action.
{"title":"Genetic characterization and comparative assessment of response of biparental and multi-parental populations to northern corn leaf blight in maize (Zea mays L.)","authors":"Shrikrishna P. Desai, H. Lohithaswa, N. Mallikarjuna","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To compare the efficiency of multiparental and biparental progenies to northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) resistance, F3 progenies were evaluated during two seasons. A total of 418 F3 progenies derived from multiple founder parents and 248 F3 progenies derived from two parents, namely, SKV50 (Resistant) and CM202 (Susceptible) were phenotyped for their response to the NCLB during summer and kharif 2020. A wide range of disease severity was observed among F3 progenies derived from multiple parents ranging from 28.12 to 62.93%. The difference in the variances between multiparent and biparental progenies was indicated by the significance of Levene’s test. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed among multi-parental progenies than those derived from the biparental population. Reaction to NCLB showed moderate heritability of 57% and high genetic advance as per cent mean (20.70%) in the case of biparental population, whereas, multi-parental population exhibited a high heritability (68%) and high genetic advance as per cent mean (28.57%). The distribution of F3 progenies was found to be positively skewed and platykurtic indicating that the trait was under the control of large number of genes with complementary gene action.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41478742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A study was undertaken to identify the genetic locus linked with the therapeutic traits, viz., flavonoid and anthocyanin contents in rice grains by Bulk Segregant Analysis using the F2 population derived from the cross, ADT(R)48/Kavuni. The donor for high anthocyanin and flavonoid content was Kavuni, one of the popular landraces of Tamil Nadu, which exists in various forms with respect to grain pigmentation. Through this study, three linked SSR markers, namely, RM228 (Chromosome 10) for flavonoid and anthocyanin content, RM5348 (Chromosome 10) for flavonoid content, and RM297 (Chromosome 1) for anthocyanin content, were identified. Among these markers, RM5348 was identified as a novel marker, lies in the genomic region of the gene encoding the enzyme flavonoid 3’-monooxygenase indicating more reliability. The association of these identified markers was further validated through Single Marker Analysis (SMA), and the results confirmed the strong association of these markers with the respective traits in various forms of Kavuni, other pigmented landraces, and improved cultivars. However, the validation must also be done in a population with another genetic background to prove the stern association of these markers with the traits.
{"title":"Identification and validation of genetic locus linked to flavonoid and anthocyanin content in rice using Bulk Segregant Analysis","authors":"M. A. Fathima, S. Geetha, M. Hemalatha, K. Amudha","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A study was undertaken to identify the genetic locus linked with the therapeutic traits, viz., flavonoid and anthocyanin contents in rice grains by Bulk Segregant Analysis using the F2 population derived from the cross, ADT(R)48/Kavuni. The donor for high anthocyanin and flavonoid content was Kavuni, one of the popular landraces of Tamil Nadu, which exists in various forms with respect to grain pigmentation. Through this study, three linked SSR markers, namely, RM228 (Chromosome 10) for flavonoid and anthocyanin content, RM5348 (Chromosome 10) for flavonoid content, and RM297 (Chromosome 1) for anthocyanin content, were identified. Among these markers, RM5348 was identified as a novel marker, lies in the genomic region of the gene encoding the enzyme flavonoid 3’-monooxygenase indicating more reliability. The association of these identified markers was further validated through Single Marker Analysis (SMA), and the results confirmed the strong association of these markers with the respective traits in various forms of Kavuni, other pigmented landraces, and improved cultivars. However, the validation must also be done in a population with another genetic background to prove the stern association of these markers with the traits.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46726425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kunwar Harendra Singh, J. S. Chauhan, P. R. Choudhury, A. Thakur
Food grains in India achieved an all-time high production (310.74 mt) during 2020-21. Varietal and seed replacement rates played an important role in achieving this milestone. A total of 1646 varieties of food crops comprising 1273 of cereals and 373 of pulses were released from 2011 to 2022. Of these 977 varieties consisting of cereals (667) and pulses (310) have been inducted into the seed chain during 2020-21. New breeding technonologies such as bio-fortification of food crops and marker-assisted breeding were applied to improve crop varieties with respect to specific desirable traits. A total of 65 bio-fortified varieties comprising rice (8), wheat (28), maize (14), pearl millet (9), finger millet (3), little millet (1) and lentil (2) have been released with improved levels of proteins, essential amino acids (lysine, tryptophan), vitamins (pro-vitamin A) and micro/macro-nutrients (zinc, iron, calcium). Marker-assisted breeding adopting foreground and background selections with targeted gene(s) utilizing molecular markers such as RFLPs, SSRs, CAPs, STS and INDEL resulted in to the development and release of 66 cultivars comprising rice (43), wheat (5), maize (10), pearl millet (2) and chickpea (6) with one/and or combination of traits such as tolerance to biotic/abiotic stresses, herbicide tolerance, nutrient use efficiency, earliness, nutritional and other quality traits. These non-genetically modified crop varieties are expected to play vital role in achieving food and nutrition security in India. The paper also provides insight in to the maintenance breeding of food crops. The analysis of seed requirement and availability during 2010-11 to 2020-21 revealed that seed requirements for cereals and pulses have increased consistently by 31.6% and 62.3%, from 186.8 to 245.8 lakh q and 22.3 to 36.2 lakh q, respectively. The production of rice, wheat, maize, pearl millet and pulses during 2020-21 increased over that of 2010-11 by 27.4%, 26.0%, 45.2%, 4.4% and 41.3%, respectively. The productivity of sorghum was higher by 18.9% over that of 2010-11 but production decreased by 31.7% on account of a reduction in acreage by 42.5% during the corresponding period. The net per capita availability of food grains increased, by 17.2% from 159.5 kg to 187.0 kg during this period. The cereals and pulses production needs to be up-scaled by 5.3% and 24.4% to meet the demand by 2030 from 285.28 mt and 25.46 mt, respectively, in 2020-21, with almost the similar acreage, degrading and depleting natural resources, thus, requiring a greater focus on enhancing yield/ha. Crop-specific breeding programmes should be accelerated with the adoption of new technologies like GM, gene editing, marker-assisted selection and speed breeding to address the challenges of climate change and degrading natural sources.
{"title":"Recent trends in crop breeding, the varietal induction in seed chain and its impact on food grain production in India","authors":"Kunwar Harendra Singh, J. S. Chauhan, P. R. Choudhury, A. Thakur","doi":"10.31742/isgpb.82.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/isgpb.82.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Food grains in India achieved an all-time high production (310.74 mt) during 2020-21. Varietal and seed replacement rates played an important role in achieving this milestone. A total of 1646 varieties of food crops comprising 1273 of cereals and 373 of pulses were released from 2011 to 2022. Of these 977 varieties consisting of cereals (667) and pulses (310) have been inducted into the seed chain during 2020-21. New breeding technonologies such as bio-fortification of food crops and marker-assisted breeding were applied to improve crop varieties with respect to specific desirable traits. A total of 65 bio-fortified varieties comprising rice (8), wheat (28), maize (14), pearl millet (9), finger millet (3), little millet (1) and lentil (2) have been released with improved levels of proteins, essential amino acids (lysine, tryptophan), vitamins (pro-vitamin A) and micro/macro-nutrients (zinc, iron, calcium). Marker-assisted breeding adopting foreground and background selections with targeted gene(s) utilizing molecular markers such as RFLPs, SSRs, CAPs, STS and INDEL resulted in to the development and release of 66 cultivars comprising rice (43), wheat (5), maize (10), pearl millet (2) and chickpea (6) with one/and or combination of traits such as tolerance to biotic/abiotic stresses, herbicide tolerance, nutrient use efficiency, earliness, nutritional and other quality traits. These non-genetically modified crop varieties are expected to play vital role in achieving food and nutrition security in India. The paper also provides insight in to the maintenance breeding of food crops. The analysis of seed requirement and availability during 2010-11 to 2020-21 revealed that seed requirements for cereals and pulses have increased consistently by 31.6% and 62.3%, from 186.8 to 245.8 lakh q and 22.3 to 36.2 lakh q, respectively. The production of rice, wheat, maize, pearl millet and pulses during 2020-21 increased over that of 2010-11 by 27.4%, 26.0%, 45.2%, 4.4% and 41.3%, respectively. The productivity of sorghum was higher by 18.9% over that of 2010-11 but production decreased by 31.7% on account of a reduction in acreage by 42.5% during the corresponding period. The net per capita availability of food grains increased, by 17.2% from 159.5 kg to 187.0 kg during this period. The cereals and pulses production needs to be up-scaled by 5.3% and 24.4% to meet the demand by 2030 from 285.28 mt and 25.46 mt, respectively, in 2020-21, with almost the similar acreage, degrading and depleting natural resources, thus, requiring a greater focus on enhancing yield/ha. Crop-specific breeding programmes should be accelerated with the adoption of new technologies like GM, gene editing, marker-assisted selection and speed breeding to address the challenges of climate change and degrading natural sources.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42163444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sarkar, S. Sandhu, L. Pal, Ashutosh Kushwah, Mahesh Kumar
High density planting (HDP) has been used extensively to achieve high productivity in temperate maize and the same can be exploited in tropical/subtropical maize. Based on two years field evaluation of tropical maize inbred lines under different planting regimes, this study led to identification of high plant density stress tolerant (at 30 percent higher plant population than cultural practice) high yielding maize inbreds. Leaf angle of first leaf above ear, anthesis-silking interval, cob length, and 1000 kernel weight were found directly affecting grain yield under HDP. Specific cross combinations exhibiting higher grain yield under HDP (approx. 15-20 percent), than normal planting practices, were identified. This is the first report on systematic development and evaluation of parental lines under high plant population and to generate high plant density stress tolerant hybrids in tropical maize.
{"title":"Productivity-based assessment of tolerance to high plant density stress in tropical maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines and their single cross hybrids","authors":"A. Sarkar, S. Sandhu, L. Pal, Ashutosh Kushwah, Mahesh Kumar","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"High density planting (HDP) has been used extensively to achieve high productivity in temperate maize and the same can be exploited in tropical/subtropical maize. Based on two years field evaluation of tropical maize inbred lines under different planting regimes, this study led to identification of high plant density stress tolerant (at 30 percent higher plant population than cultural practice) high yielding maize inbreds. Leaf angle of first leaf above ear, anthesis-silking interval, cob length, and 1000 kernel weight were found directly affecting grain yield under HDP. Specific cross combinations exhibiting higher grain yield under HDP (approx. 15-20 percent), than normal planting practices, were identified. This is the first report on systematic development and evaluation of parental lines under high plant population and to generate high plant density stress tolerant hybrids in tropical maize.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41811910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdul Qadir Khan, B. Lemma, A. Girma, Cherinet Kasahun
A set of 27 bread wheat varieties from Ethiopia was assessed for physico-chemical quality characteristics of grain under lowland. Varieties differed significantly for all the studied quality traits. Grain weight, diameter and hardness of the grain were positively associated with starch content and grain yield but negatively associated with protein content. D2 and principal component analysis grouped 27 genotypes in to four diverse genotypic clusters accounting for 89.17% of the total variation. The PC1 accounted for 46.41% of the variation with major contribution by total wet gluten, dry gluten, kernel diameter and red kernel, while PC2 accounted for 25.06% of the variation with major contribution by gluten index, kernel weight, water bound wet gluten, Zeleny index and grain yield. Based on the genetic diversity for physico- chemical characters and correlations, the appropriate varieties can be used for different food products and utilized as parents in breeding programme for improving quality.
{"title":"Determination of physico-chemical grain quality characters, their associations and genetic diversity in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties under lowland at Arba Minch, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Abdul Qadir Khan, B. Lemma, A. Girma, Cherinet Kasahun","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"A set of 27 bread wheat varieties from Ethiopia was assessed for physico-chemical quality characteristics of grain under lowland. Varieties differed significantly for all the studied quality traits. Grain weight, diameter and hardness of the grain were positively associated with starch content and grain yield but negatively associated with protein content. D2 and principal component analysis grouped 27 genotypes in to four diverse genotypic clusters accounting for 89.17% of the total variation. The PC1 accounted for 46.41% of the variation with major contribution by total wet gluten, dry gluten, kernel diameter and red kernel, while PC2 accounted for 25.06% of the variation with major contribution by gluten index, kernel weight, water bound wet gluten, Zeleny index and grain yield. Based on the genetic diversity for physico- chemical characters and correlations, the appropriate varieties can be used for different food products and utilized as parents in breeding programme for improving quality.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41790766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Reddy, C. Satyavathi, V. Khandelwal, H. T. Patil, R. Narasimhulu, H. Bhadarge, K. Iyanar, A. Talwar, K. Sravanthi, B. Athoni
Pearl millet is a climate resilient crop grown by resource poor farmers. Identification of the ideal genotypes for broad and specific adaptation and ideal locations for testing in peninsular India (classified as B-zone) will address the needs of farmers and researchers working in this region. In the present study, performance of eight hybrids and four varieties over seven locations across three rainy seasons (2017-2019) was investigated using GGE biplot analysis. Location attributed higher proportion (59.3–89.9%) of the variation for eight traits, while genotype and genotype×environment interaction accounted for 57 to 65% of total variability for grain and dry fodder yields. The hybrids 86M86, KSB and NBH5061 are identified as ideal genotypes for cultivation across B-zone. Majority of the testing locations were highly correlated with Vijayapura, which is most discriminative and representative location. ‘Which-won where’ study partitioned the testing locations into two mega-environments: first with four locations with 86M01 as winning genotype and second encompassed three locations with KSB as the winning genotype. The Vijayapura, Ananthapuram and Dhule locations were identified for initial testing of genotypes. Hybrid advantage over varieties for grain and fodder yields was clearly observed from the study.
{"title":"GGE biplot analysis for identification of ideal cultivars and testing locations of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.R. Br.) for peninsular India","authors":"P. Reddy, C. Satyavathi, V. Khandelwal, H. T. Patil, R. Narasimhulu, H. Bhadarge, K. Iyanar, A. Talwar, K. Sravanthi, B. Athoni","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Pearl millet is a climate resilient crop grown by resource poor farmers. Identification of the ideal genotypes for broad and specific adaptation and ideal locations for testing in peninsular India (classified as B-zone) will address the needs of farmers and researchers working in this region. In the present study, performance of eight hybrids and four varieties over seven locations across three rainy seasons (2017-2019) was investigated using GGE biplot analysis. Location attributed higher proportion (59.3–89.9%) of the variation for eight traits, while genotype and genotype×environment interaction accounted for 57 to 65% of total variability for grain and dry fodder yields. The hybrids 86M86, KSB and NBH5061 are identified as ideal genotypes for cultivation across B-zone. Majority of the testing locations were highly correlated with Vijayapura, which is most discriminative and representative location. ‘Which-won where’ study partitioned the testing locations into two mega-environments: first with four locations with 86M01 as winning genotype and second encompassed three locations with KSB as the winning genotype. The Vijayapura, Ananthapuram and Dhule locations were identified for initial testing of genotypes. Hybrid advantage over varieties for grain and fodder yields was clearly observed from the study.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47567945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Jha, Rintu Jha, Virevol Thakro, H. Nayyar, P. Paul, S. Tripathi, Yogesh Kumar, B. Mondal, A. Srivastava, N. Singh, S. Chaturvedi, S. Parida
Chickpea, a cool-season grain legume enriched with high nutritive value is grown globally over 90 countries. Seed weight trait is one of the important quality parameters for fetching premium market price. Thus, improving seed traits, including high 100-seed weight (SW) is one of the major targets of chickpea breeding. A study of genetic variability, molecular diversity and marker-trait association (MTA) analysis for 100 SW was performed in a panel of 96 chickpea genotypes consisting of crop wild relatives, landraces, advanced breeding lines and released varieties. A wide range of genetic variability and high heritability for the studied trait indicated the great scope of improving this trait. Simple sequence repeat marker-based genetic diversity analysis grouped all the genotypes into two groups. This result was consistent with the result obtained from factorial and population structure analysis. To delineate the significant marker-trait association for 100 SW, association analysis was performed in the given panel of chickpea genotypes. The mixed linear model (MLM) was employed for detecting significant MTAs for 100 SW. Following MLM analysis, a total of seven significant MTAs was detected in the year 2016-17. While in the year 2017-18, MLM analysis showed three significant MTAs for 100 SW. Three markers TAA60, CakTpSSR02719, H1B04 markers exhibited significant MTA for both the years consistently. Thus, these genomic regions could be fine mapped in future for improving 100 SW in chickpea.
{"title":"Elucidating genetic diversity and association mapping to identify SSR markers linked to 100 seed weight in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)","authors":"U. Jha, Rintu Jha, Virevol Thakro, H. Nayyar, P. Paul, S. Tripathi, Yogesh Kumar, B. Mondal, A. Srivastava, N. Singh, S. Chaturvedi, S. Parida","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"Chickpea, a cool-season grain legume enriched with high nutritive value is grown globally over 90 countries. Seed weight trait is one of the important quality parameters for fetching premium market price. Thus, improving seed traits, including high 100-seed weight (SW) is one of the major targets of chickpea breeding. A study of genetic variability, molecular diversity and marker-trait association (MTA) analysis for 100 SW was performed in a panel of 96 chickpea genotypes consisting of crop wild relatives, landraces, advanced breeding lines and released varieties. A wide range of genetic variability and high heritability for the studied trait indicated the great scope of improving this trait. Simple sequence repeat marker-based genetic diversity analysis grouped all the genotypes into two groups. This result was consistent with the result obtained from factorial and population structure analysis. To delineate the significant marker-trait association for 100 SW, association analysis was performed in the given panel of chickpea genotypes. The mixed linear model (MLM) was employed for detecting significant MTAs for 100 SW. Following MLM analysis, a total of seven significant MTAs was detected in the year 2016-17. While in the year 2017-18, MLM analysis showed three significant MTAs for 100 SW. Three markers TAA60, CakTpSSR02719, H1B04 markers exhibited significant MTA for both the years consistently. Thus, these genomic regions could be fine mapped in future for improving 100 SW in chickpea.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49555015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sood, V. Bhardwaj, SK Kaushik, Sanjeev Sharma, Dalamu ., M. Lal, M. Kumar
Identification of superior parental lines require phenotypic or genotypic characterization of the germplasm, which is time consuming and laborious. The advanced potato breeding clones including control varieties were evaluated under field conditions to identify the suitable parental lines for tuber yield, late blight and specific gravity based on estimated breeding values using historical data as training population during 2008-09 to 2019-20. Pedigree of all the clones was searched to a depth of 5-6 generations. The mixed model fitting using REML was true. The minimum and maximum values for total tuber yield, late blight area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and specific gravity were 28.33-732.2, 0-1846.25, 1.043-1.087, respectively. Pedigree had 161 founders out of total 759 individuals and the pedigree matrix showed relationship in 1,09,057 pairs. Heritability estimate was highest for specific gravity (0.77) followed by late blight AUDPC (0.49) and total tuber yield (0.24). The estimate of the BLUP breeding values (EBVs) for total tuber yield were highest for Kufri Mohan, Kufri Pukhraj, Kufri Khyati, SM/14-342 and Kufri Pushkar while SM/10-05, SM/09-99, Kufri Girdhari, SM/11-120 and Kufri Karan for late blight resistance, and Kufri Chipsona-1, SM/14-225, SM/14-229, SM/10-220 and SM/09-153 for specific gravity were the best genotypes. The prediction accuracy measured as correlation between EBV and observed phenotype score for specific gravity (0.97) was near perfect, very high for late blight AUDPC (0.75), and high for total tuber yield (0.55). The prediction bias measured as regression coefficient and scatter plots of observed phenotype values on EBVs was nil to low for specific gravity andlate blight AUDPC, while underestimation was observed for total tuber yield. Overall, the prediction accuracies for all the three traits were very good and selection of parental lines using Best Linear Unbiased Prediction breeding values could result in enhanced genetic gain in potato breeding
{"title":"Identification of superior parental lines based on BLUP breeding values in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)","authors":"S. Sood, V. Bhardwaj, SK Kaushik, Sanjeev Sharma, Dalamu ., M. Lal, M. Kumar","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Identification of superior parental lines require phenotypic or genotypic characterization of the germplasm, which is time consuming and laborious. The advanced potato breeding clones including control varieties were evaluated under field conditions to identify the suitable parental lines for tuber yield, late blight and specific gravity based on estimated breeding values using historical data as training population during 2008-09 to 2019-20. Pedigree of all the clones was searched to a depth of 5-6 generations. The mixed model fitting using REML was true. The minimum and maximum values for total tuber yield, late blight area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and specific gravity were 28.33-732.2, 0-1846.25, 1.043-1.087, respectively. Pedigree had 161 founders out of total 759 individuals and the pedigree matrix showed relationship in 1,09,057 pairs. Heritability estimate was highest for specific gravity (0.77) followed by late blight AUDPC (0.49) and total tuber yield (0.24). The estimate of the BLUP breeding values (EBVs) for total tuber yield were highest for Kufri Mohan, Kufri Pukhraj, Kufri Khyati, SM/14-342 and Kufri Pushkar while SM/10-05, SM/09-99, Kufri Girdhari, SM/11-120 and Kufri Karan for late blight resistance, and Kufri Chipsona-1, SM/14-225, SM/14-229, SM/10-220 and SM/09-153 for specific gravity were the best genotypes. The prediction accuracy measured as correlation between EBV and observed phenotype score for specific gravity (0.97) was near perfect, very high for late blight AUDPC (0.75), and high for total tuber yield (0.55). The prediction bias measured as regression coefficient and scatter plots of observed phenotype values on EBVs was nil to low for specific gravity andlate blight AUDPC, while underestimation was observed for total tuber yield. Overall, the prediction accuracies for all the three traits were very good and selection of parental lines using Best Linear Unbiased Prediction breeding values could result in enhanced genetic gain in potato breeding","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49225047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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