Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19833
Background: To address the reasons for hypertension disease burden it is important to understand the knowledge,attitude, and practices (KAP) of all pertinent stakeholders including the community. This study explored theperception in the community regarding the burden of hypertension in India as this is lacking in Indian studies.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted through online mode in India using a validated, field-testedquestionnaire incorporating KAP domain questions regarding hypertension. Scores to questions were appropriatelyassigned.Results: The mean (SD) age of the respondents was 28.49 (7.508) years (n=225). The median (IQR) KAP scoreswere measured out of a maximum of 18, 5 and 4, respectively. Higher educational and socioeconomic levels wereassociated with better attitude scores, but knowledge levels were comparable. Correlations between KAP scoreswere poor.Conclusions: This study reveals that laypersons in the community have appropriate knowledge and attituderegarding hypertension to some extent but there are important lacunae and practices are often found wanting.These issues need to be addressed through sustained public sensitization and motivational campaigns to improvethe future and treatment outcomes of hypertension in India.
{"title":"An Online Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Survey in the Community about Adult Hypertension from Eastern India","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19833","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To address the reasons for hypertension disease burden it is important to understand the knowledge,attitude, and practices (KAP) of all pertinent stakeholders including the community. This study explored theperception in the community regarding the burden of hypertension in India as this is lacking in Indian studies.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted through online mode in India using a validated, field-testedquestionnaire incorporating KAP domain questions regarding hypertension. Scores to questions were appropriatelyassigned.Results: The mean (SD) age of the respondents was 28.49 (7.508) years (n=225). The median (IQR) KAP scoreswere measured out of a maximum of 18, 5 and 4, respectively. Higher educational and socioeconomic levels wereassociated with better attitude scores, but knowledge levels were comparable. Correlations between KAP scoreswere poor.Conclusions: This study reveals that laypersons in the community have appropriate knowledge and attituderegarding hypertension to some extent but there are important lacunae and practices are often found wanting.These issues need to be addressed through sustained public sensitization and motivational campaigns to improvethe future and treatment outcomes of hypertension in India.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135798614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19827
Background: Distal Femur fractures are a highly incident complex case and pose a challenge to the treatingorthopedician.Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of this study were to assess radiological union of distal femoralfractures by open reduction and internal fixation with locking compression plate, To study the functionaloutcome for internal fixation of fractures of the distal end femur by Locking Compression Plate and Toevaluate the effectiveness and complications of distal end femur fractures treated with Locking CompressionPlate based on, time till union, rate of infection, and fixation failures, functional outcome using NEER’S SCORE.Materials and Methods: The present study was done from April 2017 to April 2018 which comprised offifteen patients with closed Distal end Femoral Fractures who where treated by Locking Compression plate.Overall final outcome was assessed in terms of radiological union, clinical assessment and regaining the lostknee function using NEER’S Score.Results: Out of 15 patients, 12 patients were males and 3 patients were females.Out of 15 patients, 14 were due toRTA. Maximum number of cases was of Muller type C2-60%. Internal fixation was considered after patientsgeneral and medical condition was stabilized. The average operative time was 90 minutes. The size of plate wasselected based on the type of fracture. 6 to 10 hole plate were used most commonly. Of 15 patients, 10(66.66%)showed radiological union within 16 weeks. 9 (60%) of the patients achieved weight bearing at the end of 14weeks. Average flexion in this study was 100 degree with more than 3 (20%) patients having knee range ofmotion more than 110 degree. 1 Patient had stiff knee. More than 80% patients were extensor lag less than 5degree. 2 patients had VARUS MALALIGNMENT out of 15 patients.Results according to NEER’S SCORE wereExcellent in 20% patients, Good in 60% , Satisfactory in 6.6% and unsatisfactory in 13.3% patients. 2 patients hadsuperficial infection and 1 patient had delayed union.Conclusion: Locking compression plate is an optimal tool for Distal end femoral fractures. It provides rigidfixation in the region of femur, where a wide canal, thin cortices and frequently poor bone stock make fixationdifficult.
{"title":"A Prospective Study on Surgical Management of Closed Distal End Femoral Fracture in Adults Using Distal Femur Locking Compression Plate","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19827","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Distal Femur fractures are a highly incident complex case and pose a challenge to the treatingorthopedician.Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of this study were to assess radiological union of distal femoralfractures by open reduction and internal fixation with locking compression plate, To study the functionaloutcome for internal fixation of fractures of the distal end femur by Locking Compression Plate and Toevaluate the effectiveness and complications of distal end femur fractures treated with Locking CompressionPlate based on, time till union, rate of infection, and fixation failures, functional outcome using NEER’S SCORE.Materials and Methods: The present study was done from April 2017 to April 2018 which comprised offifteen patients with closed Distal end Femoral Fractures who where treated by Locking Compression plate.Overall final outcome was assessed in terms of radiological union, clinical assessment and regaining the lostknee function using NEER’S Score.Results: Out of 15 patients, 12 patients were males and 3 patients were females.Out of 15 patients, 14 were due toRTA. Maximum number of cases was of Muller type C2-60%. Internal fixation was considered after patientsgeneral and medical condition was stabilized. The average operative time was 90 minutes. The size of plate wasselected based on the type of fracture. 6 to 10 hole plate were used most commonly. Of 15 patients, 10(66.66%)showed radiological union within 16 weeks. 9 (60%) of the patients achieved weight bearing at the end of 14weeks. Average flexion in this study was 100 degree with more than 3 (20%) patients having knee range ofmotion more than 110 degree. 1 Patient had stiff knee. More than 80% patients were extensor lag less than 5degree. 2 patients had VARUS MALALIGNMENT out of 15 patients.Results according to NEER’S SCORE wereExcellent in 20% patients, Good in 60% , Satisfactory in 6.6% and unsatisfactory in 13.3% patients. 2 patients hadsuperficial infection and 1 patient had delayed union.Conclusion: Locking compression plate is an optimal tool for Distal end femoral fractures. It provides rigidfixation in the region of femur, where a wide canal, thin cortices and frequently poor bone stock make fixationdifficult.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135799107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19825
Background: The phenomenon of Paranormal beliefs has puzzled scientific community. Studies on this subjecthave been hindered by conceptual and methodological issues. There is little evidences found between locus ofcontrol and paranormal. This constituted rationale of current study. We studied relationships between paranormalbeliefs, as measured by Paranormal Belief Scale (Tobacyk& Milford, 1983) and locus of control as measured byROT-IE scale among medical students of Delhi.Methodology: The study population consists of medical undergraduate students in Delhi who were enrolled atcollege during the time of the study. All undergraduate students who gave consent were included in study. A pretestedand predesigned questionnaire asking their socio-demographic information and relationship between theirsense of personal control(locus of control measured by the ROT-IE scale) and paranormal beliefs(using revisedform of the Paranormal Belief Scale) was administered. Chi-square test and Pearson’s correlation test were usedto test significanceResults: Means and standard deviations for the PBS-R and the IELOC Scales were reported separately for sociodemographicparameters. Females scored higher than males on all subscale except extraordinary life formsand precognition but it was statistically significant. Bi-variate correlation between locus of control and revisedparanormal belief scale revealed that as persons tend towards internal locus of control, their paranormal beliefbecome low.Conclusion: In our study it was shown that there was significant relationships among paranormal beliefs and locusof control.
{"title":"The Relationships of Paranormal Beliefs and Locus of Control among Students of Medical College, Delhi","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19825","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The phenomenon of Paranormal beliefs has puzzled scientific community. Studies on this subjecthave been hindered by conceptual and methodological issues. There is little evidences found between locus ofcontrol and paranormal. This constituted rationale of current study. We studied relationships between paranormalbeliefs, as measured by Paranormal Belief Scale (Tobacyk& Milford, 1983) and locus of control as measured byROT-IE scale among medical students of Delhi.Methodology: The study population consists of medical undergraduate students in Delhi who were enrolled atcollege during the time of the study. All undergraduate students who gave consent were included in study. A pretestedand predesigned questionnaire asking their socio-demographic information and relationship between theirsense of personal control(locus of control measured by the ROT-IE scale) and paranormal beliefs(using revisedform of the Paranormal Belief Scale) was administered. Chi-square test and Pearson’s correlation test were usedto test significanceResults: Means and standard deviations for the PBS-R and the IELOC Scales were reported separately for sociodemographicparameters. Females scored higher than males on all subscale except extraordinary life formsand precognition but it was statistically significant. Bi-variate correlation between locus of control and revisedparanormal belief scale revealed that as persons tend towards internal locus of control, their paranormal beliefbecome low.Conclusion: In our study it was shown that there was significant relationships among paranormal beliefs and locusof control.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135839259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19826
Background: Women imbibe many myths, taboos, and practices about food during menstruation. The socioculturalmilieu of Indian society can explain the notions of menstrual restrictions. Aim: To know the traditionaldietary practices and related taboos during menstruation among women of rural households in Sonepat, Haryana.Material and Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 90 households invillage Juan, Haryana selected by systematic random sampling from July 2021 to June 2022. Data regardingtraditional dietary practices and related taboos during menstruation among women at the household level werecollected using an open-ended questionnaire from a woman from each selected household after written informedconsent. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.Results: Mean age (SD) of the study participants was 44.1 (14) years with a range from 18-85 years. Two-thirds(66.7%) of study households reported avoidance of buttermilk/curd and pickles due to the belief of an increase inpain and cramps on consumption. One-third of study households preferred hot beverages such as tea (37.8%) andtea with clarified butter (31.1%) believing that pain and cramps get relieved, and clarified butter provides strengthto the body.Conclusion: There are a number of dietary practices and related taboos prevalent among study households thatmay affect mental health.
背景:女性在月经期间吸收了许多关于食物的神话、禁忌和习俗。印度社会的社会文化环境可以解释月经限制的概念。目的:了解哈里亚纳邦索内帕特农村家庭妇女经期的传统饮食习惯及禁忌。材料与方法:本研究采用系统随机抽样方法，于2021年7月至2022年6月对哈里亚纳邦胡安村的90户家庭进行了以社区为基础的横断面研究。在获得书面知情同意后，使用开放式问卷从每个选定家庭的一名妇女那里收集有关月经期间妇女传统饮食习惯和相关禁忌的数据。数据分析采用SPSS version 20。结果:研究参与者的平均年龄(SD)为44.1(14)岁，年龄范围为18-85岁。三分之二(66.7%)的受调查家庭报告说，由于相信食用酪乳/豆腐和泡菜会增加疼痛和抽筋，他们避免食用酪乳/豆腐和泡菜。三分之一的受调查家庭更喜欢热饮，如茶(37.8%)和加澄清黄油的茶(31.1%)，他们认为澄清黄油可以缓解疼痛和痉挛，并为身体提供力量。结论:研究家庭中普遍存在的一些饮食习惯和相关禁忌可能影响心理健康。
{"title":"Traditional Dietary Practices and Related Taboos during Menstruation among Women of Rural Households in Haryana: A Qualitative Study","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19826","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Women imbibe many myths, taboos, and practices about food during menstruation. The socioculturalmilieu of Indian society can explain the notions of menstrual restrictions. Aim: To know the traditionaldietary practices and related taboos during menstruation among women of rural households in Sonepat, Haryana.Material and Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 90 households invillage Juan, Haryana selected by systematic random sampling from July 2021 to June 2022. Data regardingtraditional dietary practices and related taboos during menstruation among women at the household level werecollected using an open-ended questionnaire from a woman from each selected household after written informedconsent. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.Results: Mean age (SD) of the study participants was 44.1 (14) years with a range from 18-85 years. Two-thirds(66.7%) of study households reported avoidance of buttermilk/curd and pickles due to the belief of an increase inpain and cramps on consumption. One-third of study households preferred hot beverages such as tea (37.8%) andtea with clarified butter (31.1%) believing that pain and cramps get relieved, and clarified butter provides strengthto the body.Conclusion: There are a number of dietary practices and related taboos prevalent among study households thatmay affect mental health.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135839015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19750
Background: Geriatric population in India is expected to reach about 20% of total population by 2050.4,5 Thisbrings along newer challenges of not only physical morbidities, but psychosocial morbidities too for this groupof population. Social withdrawal and isolation, loneliness are two of those mental morbidities of concern. Socialisolation is an objective state defined as the absence of contact with other people and integration with othermembers of society.6 In contrast, loneliness is a subjective feeling caused by ‘being without some definite neededrelationship or set of relationships’7. Social isolation & loneliness both have impact on physical and mental wellbeing of a person.10-16 So, present study was conducted with the objective of assessing the extent of loneliness andsocial isolation among elderly in an urban community, and determining the covariates of the same.Methods: This cross-sectional community-based study was undertaken from December 2019 to February 2020among 246 elderly men and women, 60 years & above residing in a slum in Chetla Kolkata. They were interviewedabout their demographic, financial supports and social supports. Social Isolation was assessed with the help ofsix item Lubben Social network scale-6.17,18 Loneliness was assessed with the help of the UCLA Loneliness Scaleversion 3.19,20 Statistical Analysis: Descriptive and univariate analysis, multiple logistic regression was done tofind out factors associated with loneliness & social isolation.Results: Social isolation and loneliness were present in 120 (48.78%) and 125 (50.81%) subjects respectively.Multivariate logistic regression revealed that age>69 years. marital status other than married, inadequate income,and those living alone were at increased risk of social isolation. Inadequate income and male sex were at greaterrisk of loneliness.Conclusion: Social isolation & loneliness are present in almost half of the elderly living in an urban slum ofKolkata, which is alarming
{"title":"Predictors of Social Isolation and Loneliness among Elderly Residing in a Slum in Eastern India","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19750","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Geriatric population in India is expected to reach about 20% of total population by 2050.4,5 Thisbrings along newer challenges of not only physical morbidities, but psychosocial morbidities too for this groupof population. Social withdrawal and isolation, loneliness are two of those mental morbidities of concern. Socialisolation is an objective state defined as the absence of contact with other people and integration with othermembers of society.6 In contrast, loneliness is a subjective feeling caused by ‘being without some definite neededrelationship or set of relationships’7. Social isolation & loneliness both have impact on physical and mental wellbeing of a person.10-16 So, present study was conducted with the objective of assessing the extent of loneliness andsocial isolation among elderly in an urban community, and determining the covariates of the same.Methods: This cross-sectional community-based study was undertaken from December 2019 to February 2020among 246 elderly men and women, 60 years & above residing in a slum in Chetla Kolkata. They were interviewedabout their demographic, financial supports and social supports. Social Isolation was assessed with the help ofsix item Lubben Social network scale-6.17,18 Loneliness was assessed with the help of the UCLA Loneliness Scaleversion 3.19,20 Statistical Analysis: Descriptive and univariate analysis, multiple logistic regression was done tofind out factors associated with loneliness & social isolation.Results: Social isolation and loneliness were present in 120 (48.78%) and 125 (50.81%) subjects respectively.Multivariate logistic regression revealed that age>69 years. marital status other than married, inadequate income,and those living alone were at increased risk of social isolation. Inadequate income and male sex were at greaterrisk of loneliness.Conclusion: Social isolation & loneliness are present in almost half of the elderly living in an urban slum ofKolkata, which is alarming","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19782
Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension is a significant contributor to maternal and foetal morbidity andmortality worldwide. Studying the lipid profile and risk variables is crucial for illness prevention, management,and a better prognosis.Method and Materials: This study was a case control study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics andGynaecology, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur. A total of 100 (one hundred) were selected, out ofwhich 50 (fifty) normotensive pregnant women served as a control and 50 (fifty) hypertensive women constitutedthe study group. Besides baseline routine investigations, estimation of Serum lipid profile was done by collectingblood samples from antecubital vein of every case and control and were analysed at department of Biochemistry,Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur.Results: The hypertensive group had a significant rise in Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, LDL-C levels anddecreased HDL-C levels as compared to the control group.Conclusion: Abnormal lipid profile during pregnancy plays an important role in development of pre-eclampsia.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Serum Lipid Profile in Normal Pregnancy and Pregnancy Induced Hypertension","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19782","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension is a significant contributor to maternal and foetal morbidity andmortality worldwide. Studying the lipid profile and risk variables is crucial for illness prevention, management,and a better prognosis.Method and Materials: This study was a case control study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics andGynaecology, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur. A total of 100 (one hundred) were selected, out ofwhich 50 (fifty) normotensive pregnant women served as a control and 50 (fifty) hypertensive women constitutedthe study group. Besides baseline routine investigations, estimation of Serum lipid profile was done by collectingblood samples from antecubital vein of every case and control and were analysed at department of Biochemistry,Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur.Results: The hypertensive group had a significant rise in Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, LDL-C levels anddecreased HDL-C levels as compared to the control group.Conclusion: Abnormal lipid profile during pregnancy plays an important role in development of pre-eclampsia.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19830
Introduction: Millions of women globally experience menstruation every month. It is a normal biological process.Inadequate menstrual management has long been a major health issue in low- and middle-income nations, but ithas only recently become a major public health concern. Females may manage menstruation with non-absorbent,unhygienic, and uncomfortable materials due to a lack of awareness, an unfavorable sociocultural environment,logistical and financial barriers, and a lack of a proper support system. Hence this study was undertaken to assessthe knowledge and attitude among medical students.Methodology: This study was conducted among 200 undergraduate female medical students , who were willingto participate in the study. Informed consent was taken and the oral questionnaire which consisted of sociodemographic data and questions regarding knowledge, attitude and practice was distributed. Descriptive analysiswas done by calculating the percentage.Results: 91% of the students were aware of the menstrual cup. A total of 168(84%) students said menstrual cupto be a safe device. A total of 171 (85.5%) students knew that the menstrual cup could be used among virgins.whereas 29 (14.5%) students were of the opinion that it cannot be used by virgins. 84(42%) of students had no ideaabout its associated with TSS (Toxic shock syndrome). 73(36.5%) of students knew that it is not associated withTSS.143(71.5%) said it can’t be used during postpartum and 112(56%) knew that it is used during bathing andswimming.134(67%) students knew that it can’t be used as contraceptives and 88(44%) told it won’t cause ruptureof hymen.Finally in this study we came to know that none of them are using menstrual cup because majority ofthem said that they had fear of using 92(46%) and 51(25.5%) of them said they don’t have adequate knowledge.Conclusion :In this study all the students used sanitary pads, owing to its popularity and promotion. Therewas lack of awareness about the cup and there exists a huge gap between the knowledge and willingness of thestudents to accept the menstrual cup. So, we conclude that menstrual cup needs promotion in India because itis cost effective, eco-friendly and reusable. So, we boost the adoption rate of menstrual cups, youth should betargeted, who are more open to the idea of environment-friendly products.
{"title":"Study on Knowledge and Atittude about Menstrual Cup and its usuage among Medical Students: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19830","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Millions of women globally experience menstruation every month. It is a normal biological process.Inadequate menstrual management has long been a major health issue in low- and middle-income nations, but ithas only recently become a major public health concern. Females may manage menstruation with non-absorbent,unhygienic, and uncomfortable materials due to a lack of awareness, an unfavorable sociocultural environment,logistical and financial barriers, and a lack of a proper support system. Hence this study was undertaken to assessthe knowledge and attitude among medical students.Methodology: This study was conducted among 200 undergraduate female medical students , who were willingto participate in the study. Informed consent was taken and the oral questionnaire which consisted of sociodemographic data and questions regarding knowledge, attitude and practice was distributed. Descriptive analysiswas done by calculating the percentage.Results: 91% of the students were aware of the menstrual cup. A total of 168(84%) students said menstrual cupto be a safe device. A total of 171 (85.5%) students knew that the menstrual cup could be used among virgins.whereas 29 (14.5%) students were of the opinion that it cannot be used by virgins. 84(42%) of students had no ideaabout its associated with TSS (Toxic shock syndrome). 73(36.5%) of students knew that it is not associated withTSS.143(71.5%) said it can’t be used during postpartum and 112(56%) knew that it is used during bathing andswimming.134(67%) students knew that it can’t be used as contraceptives and 88(44%) told it won’t cause ruptureof hymen.Finally in this study we came to know that none of them are using menstrual cup because majority ofthem said that they had fear of using 92(46%) and 51(25.5%) of them said they don’t have adequate knowledge.Conclusion :In this study all the students used sanitary pads, owing to its popularity and promotion. Therewas lack of awareness about the cup and there exists a huge gap between the knowledge and willingness of thestudents to accept the menstrual cup. So, we conclude that menstrual cup needs promotion in India because itis cost effective, eco-friendly and reusable. So, we boost the adoption rate of menstrual cups, youth should betargeted, who are more open to the idea of environment-friendly products.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135799573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19811
Background: Carcinoma breast is the second most common malignancy next to carcinoma cervix in India andabroad. Hence, the expression of IL-10 m-RNA gene in tumour can be a novel prognostic indicator.Method: 30 mastectomy specimens of carcinoma Breast patients aged between 30 to 70 years were studied. 2to 5 gram of tumour tissue and equivalent sample from normal peri-tumoral breast were taken from resectedbreast immediately after surgery and preserved in RNA-later solution. IL-10 m-RNA expression was detectedand quantified by RT-PCR analysis through TaqMan chemistry, on 30 samples and 30 controls. After fixation withformalin 2 micro sections of 4-5micron thickness were taken from tumor area and corresponding paraffin blockswere prepared, mounted, on albumin coated slide for H & E staining and results were observed and recorded.Results: Histologically, 08 specimens were diagnosed as grade-I (26.5%), 16 were grade-II (53.5%) and 06 weregrade-III (20%). 10 specimens (33.5%) had reactive lymph node, and the remaining 20 (66.5%) had metastaticlymph node. Mean RQ values for IL-10 were calculated by the formula for comparative ct (cycle threshold)method. 26 neoplastic tissue specimens (86.5%) showed strong expression of IL-10 mRNA, while only 2 (6.5%)normal peritumoral surrounding tissue showed IL-10 expression. 4 (13.5%) neoplastic tissue and 28 (93.5%) peritumoraltissue showed weak expression of IL-10. All grade 3 tumours showed strong expression of IL-10.Conclusion: Present pragmatic study had evidence that, IL-10 m-RNA gene expression was significant in neoplasticbreast tissue and may have potential prognostic significance.
{"title":"Study of Interleukin-10 Gene Expression in Breast carcinoma in Telangana Population","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19811","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Carcinoma breast is the second most common malignancy next to carcinoma cervix in India andabroad. Hence, the expression of IL-10 m-RNA gene in tumour can be a novel prognostic indicator.Method: 30 mastectomy specimens of carcinoma Breast patients aged between 30 to 70 years were studied. 2to 5 gram of tumour tissue and equivalent sample from normal peri-tumoral breast were taken from resectedbreast immediately after surgery and preserved in RNA-later solution. IL-10 m-RNA expression was detectedand quantified by RT-PCR analysis through TaqMan chemistry, on 30 samples and 30 controls. After fixation withformalin 2 micro sections of 4-5micron thickness were taken from tumor area and corresponding paraffin blockswere prepared, mounted, on albumin coated slide for H & E staining and results were observed and recorded.Results: Histologically, 08 specimens were diagnosed as grade-I (26.5%), 16 were grade-II (53.5%) and 06 weregrade-III (20%). 10 specimens (33.5%) had reactive lymph node, and the remaining 20 (66.5%) had metastaticlymph node. Mean RQ values for IL-10 were calculated by the formula for comparative ct (cycle threshold)method. 26 neoplastic tissue specimens (86.5%) showed strong expression of IL-10 mRNA, while only 2 (6.5%)normal peritumoral surrounding tissue showed IL-10 expression. 4 (13.5%) neoplastic tissue and 28 (93.5%) peritumoraltissue showed weak expression of IL-10. All grade 3 tumours showed strong expression of IL-10.Conclusion: Present pragmatic study had evidence that, IL-10 m-RNA gene expression was significant in neoplasticbreast tissue and may have potential prognostic significance.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135748719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19760
Background: Provision of safe sanitation services reduces transmission of fecooral diseases, school drop outs,under-nutrition which in turn are important for overall development of children. The study was conducted toevaluate the adequacy of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities in schools of rural Jammu.Methodology: A Cross Sectional survey was conducted in 54 (public and private) schools in rural Jammu usingthe questionnaire approved by the Global Task Team for Monitoring WASH in Schools.Results: Piped water was the main source of water supply. Facilities for drinking water were available in allschools. 94.3% schools had 1-9 drinking water points. All schools were doing filtration/chlorination of water. 51%schools reported water and soap availability in girl’s toilets and group hand washing activities were conductedonce a week in 31.5% schools. Toilets were cleaned once per day in 80% of the schools. 88% schools had toiletswithin school premises. Menstrual hygiene materials were available in 42 schools.Conclusions: Environment and sanitation facilities at most of the surveyed schools were reasonably good but notfully satisfactory.
{"title":"Assessment of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in Schools of Jammu District- A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19760","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Provision of safe sanitation services reduces transmission of fecooral diseases, school drop outs,under-nutrition which in turn are important for overall development of children. The study was conducted toevaluate the adequacy of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities in schools of rural Jammu.Methodology: A Cross Sectional survey was conducted in 54 (public and private) schools in rural Jammu usingthe questionnaire approved by the Global Task Team for Monitoring WASH in Schools.Results: Piped water was the main source of water supply. Facilities for drinking water were available in allschools. 94.3% schools had 1-9 drinking water points. All schools were doing filtration/chlorination of water. 51%schools reported water and soap availability in girl’s toilets and group hand washing activities were conductedonce a week in 31.5% schools. Toilets were cleaned once per day in 80% of the schools. 88% schools had toiletswithin school premises. Menstrual hygiene materials were available in 42 schools.Conclusions: Environment and sanitation facilities at most of the surveyed schools were reasonably good but notfully satisfactory.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19751
Objective:• To study clinical profile of typhoid in children.• To study Comparison of clinical profile and its correlation with blood culture and IgM antibody detection testfor early diagnosis of fever.• To study blood culture and widal at tertiary care centre in western UP.Methods: The study was carried out in Department of Pediatrics, Saraswathi Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur,UP. All the children presenting with fever, aged from 6 months to 18 years, visited in the pediatric OPD(outpatientdepartment) and IPD(in patient department) of Saraswathi Institute of Medical Sciences from November 2020 toOctober 2022 were included in the study.Results: IgM antibody test was found positive in total 167 cases and negative in 63 cases. Also, blood culture wasreported positive in 157 cases and negative in 73 cases. Out of total positive IgM antibody, 138 showed positivefor blood culture and 29 were reported negative in blood culture. Out of total negative IgM antibody, 19 showedpositive for blood culture and 44 were reported negative in blood culture.Conclusion: Present study shows that typhoid IgM procedure is more sensitive than the established Widalagglutination assay and results can be obtained within 15 minutes while widal agglutination test can be doneafter 1 week. Typhi IgM test can be done after 72 hours of illness as IgM antibody becomes positive after 3 days ofinfection with Salmonella typhi. It is cost effective and can be done bed side.
{"title":"Early Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever: Uses of Clinical Profile, Blood Culture and IGM Antibody: A Prospective Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in Western Uttar Pradesh","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19751","url":null,"abstract":"Objective:• To study clinical profile of typhoid in children.• To study Comparison of clinical profile and its correlation with blood culture and IgM antibody detection testfor early diagnosis of fever.• To study blood culture and widal at tertiary care centre in western UP.Methods: The study was carried out in Department of Pediatrics, Saraswathi Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur,UP. All the children presenting with fever, aged from 6 months to 18 years, visited in the pediatric OPD(outpatientdepartment) and IPD(in patient department) of Saraswathi Institute of Medical Sciences from November 2020 toOctober 2022 were included in the study.Results: IgM antibody test was found positive in total 167 cases and negative in 63 cases. Also, blood culture wasreported positive in 157 cases and negative in 73 cases. Out of total positive IgM antibody, 138 showed positivefor blood culture and 29 were reported negative in blood culture. Out of total negative IgM antibody, 19 showedpositive for blood culture and 44 were reported negative in blood culture.Conclusion: Present study shows that typhoid IgM procedure is more sensitive than the established Widalagglutination assay and results can be obtained within 15 minutes while widal agglutination test can be doneafter 1 week. Typhi IgM test can be done after 72 hours of illness as IgM antibody becomes positive after 3 days ofinfection with Salmonella typhi. It is cost effective and can be done bed side.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135748977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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