Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19789
Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are diseases that are not transmissible directly from one personto another. NCDs mainly consists of cardio vascular diseases, diabetes, stroke etc.It accounts for 68% of globaldeaths. The prevalence rates in India is 1.6% to 7.4% and 1% to 13.2% in rural and urban population respectively.Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for NCDs in rural field practice areas ofRDJMMCH, Turki, Muzaffarpur.Methods: A cross-sectional study done among people above 30 years of age residing in study area from March toApril, 2023. Data was collected using CBRA (community based risk assessment) checklist for NCDs. Sample sizeof 157 was calculated assuming the prevalence of risk factor for NCDs being 30% with 95% confidence interval andabsolute precision of 7.5%. Systematic random and simple random sampling was applied.Results: Mean age of participants was 47.9 years. Majority of them were females (56%) belonging to Hindu religion(98%). 41% were illiterate and major occupation practiced was farming (74%). Prevalence of risk factor for NCDswas 17.2%. On performing Chi-Square test smoking, alcohol, physical inactivity and family history of NCD’s werefound to be significantly associated.Conclusion: As prevalence of risk factor for NCDs is 17.2%. Thus, it is the need of hour to have timely updateabout the disease and motivate them for healthy lifestyle
{"title":"Prevalence of Risk Factors for NCDs and its Associated Factors in Rural Field Practice Area of RDJMMCH, Turki, Muzaffarpur","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19789","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are diseases that are not transmissible directly from one personto another. NCDs mainly consists of cardio vascular diseases, diabetes, stroke etc.It accounts for 68% of globaldeaths. The prevalence rates in India is 1.6% to 7.4% and 1% to 13.2% in rural and urban population respectively.Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for NCDs in rural field practice areas ofRDJMMCH, Turki, Muzaffarpur.Methods: A cross-sectional study done among people above 30 years of age residing in study area from March toApril, 2023. Data was collected using CBRA (community based risk assessment) checklist for NCDs. Sample sizeof 157 was calculated assuming the prevalence of risk factor for NCDs being 30% with 95% confidence interval andabsolute precision of 7.5%. Systematic random and simple random sampling was applied.Results: Mean age of participants was 47.9 years. Majority of them were females (56%) belonging to Hindu religion(98%). 41% were illiterate and major occupation practiced was farming (74%). Prevalence of risk factor for NCDswas 17.2%. On performing Chi-Square test smoking, alcohol, physical inactivity and family history of NCD’s werefound to be significantly associated.Conclusion: As prevalence of risk factor for NCDs is 17.2%. Thus, it is the need of hour to have timely updateabout the disease and motivate them for healthy lifestyle","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19822
Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are neuro-developmental disorders characterised by persistentimpairment in reciprocal social communication and repetitive patterns of behaviour.Objectives: To screen for ASDs in children aged 16 to 30 months using M-CHAT-F (Modified Checklist for Autismin Toddlers- Follow up) to estimate the prevalence of ASDs and to evaluate the factors associated with ASDs.Method: Children aged 16 to 30 months were randomly screened for ASDs with MCHAT-F. Children who met theDSM-5 diagnostic criteria were labelled autistic and rest was followed up. Two controls for each case were selectedrandomly among the subjects who were screen negative.Results: Nine hundred and twenty children were screened. Among them, 508(55.2%) children were boys and412(44.8%) children were girls. Out of the 920 screened, 38(4.1%) children failed M-CHAT. Out of the 38, 12 (1.3%)children continued to fail in M-CHAT/F and were “M-CHAT screen positive”. The mean age at diagnosis of ASDwas 24±4.6 months. Prevalence of ASD in our setting was 1 in 102 and the male: female ratio was 8:1. The positivepredictive value of M-CHAT-F was 75%. The average score on M-CHAT was 6.33 among ASD and 0.5 amongcontrol. Males, lack of exclusive breast feeding and excessive screen time were found to be factors associated withASDs.Conclusion: The prevalence of ASDs is high. The M-CHAT/F is an effective screening instrument for ASDs.
{"title":"Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorders among 16 Months to 30 Months Old Children in a Tertiary Care Hospital, South India","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19822","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are neuro-developmental disorders characterised by persistentimpairment in reciprocal social communication and repetitive patterns of behaviour.Objectives: To screen for ASDs in children aged 16 to 30 months using M-CHAT-F (Modified Checklist for Autismin Toddlers- Follow up) to estimate the prevalence of ASDs and to evaluate the factors associated with ASDs.Method: Children aged 16 to 30 months were randomly screened for ASDs with MCHAT-F. Children who met theDSM-5 diagnostic criteria were labelled autistic and rest was followed up. Two controls for each case were selectedrandomly among the subjects who were screen negative.Results: Nine hundred and twenty children were screened. Among them, 508(55.2%) children were boys and412(44.8%) children were girls. Out of the 920 screened, 38(4.1%) children failed M-CHAT. Out of the 38, 12 (1.3%)children continued to fail in M-CHAT/F and were “M-CHAT screen positive”. The mean age at diagnosis of ASDwas 24±4.6 months. Prevalence of ASD in our setting was 1 in 102 and the male: female ratio was 8:1. The positivepredictive value of M-CHAT-F was 75%. The average score on M-CHAT was 6.33 among ASD and 0.5 amongcontrol. Males, lack of exclusive breast feeding and excessive screen time were found to be factors associated withASDs.Conclusion: The prevalence of ASDs is high. The M-CHAT/F is an effective screening instrument for ASDs.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19819
Introduction: India’s National Pharmaceutical and Pricing Authority (NPPA) fixed a ceiling price for coronarystents on 13th February 2017. In this study we compare the coronary stent usage patterns in a hospital in Indiabefore and after the coronary stent price regulation was implemented.Methodology: A retrospective cohort study at a private-sector tertiary care hospital among patients thatunderwent PCI from 13th February 2015 to 12th February 2019, i.e., two years before and after the priceregulation of coronary stents. Sampling was done by complete enumeration of the study population & thosefulfilling eligibility criteria. Data were collected from the hospital’s electronic health records and Cath-labregistry following the inclusion & exclusion criteria. Data on coronary stent utilization patterns were analyzedunder different subgroups using descriptive statistics. The Chi-square test was applied to assess statisticalsignificance. The results were considered significant when p value <0.05.Results: 1135 patients were included in the study of which 604 of them underwent PCI before the price regulationof coronary stents, and 531 after. 1154 and 1092 stents at an average of 1.91 and 2.05 stents were used per casebefore and after the price regulation respectively.Conclusion: The use of DES has increased after the coronary price regulation. Also, more third-generation DESwhich is the gold standard in coronary revascularization is being used compared to before. The use of superiorimported stents also saw an increase after the coronary price regulation. There was only a marginal increase instents used per case.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Coronary Stent Utilization Pattern with respect to Coronary Stent Price Regulation: A hospital-based study from Mumbai, India","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19819","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: India’s National Pharmaceutical and Pricing Authority (NPPA) fixed a ceiling price for coronarystents on 13th February 2017. In this study we compare the coronary stent usage patterns in a hospital in Indiabefore and after the coronary stent price regulation was implemented.Methodology: A retrospective cohort study at a private-sector tertiary care hospital among patients thatunderwent PCI from 13th February 2015 to 12th February 2019, i.e., two years before and after the priceregulation of coronary stents. Sampling was done by complete enumeration of the study population & thosefulfilling eligibility criteria. Data were collected from the hospital’s electronic health records and Cath-labregistry following the inclusion & exclusion criteria. Data on coronary stent utilization patterns were analyzedunder different subgroups using descriptive statistics. The Chi-square test was applied to assess statisticalsignificance. The results were considered significant when p value <0.05.Results: 1135 patients were included in the study of which 604 of them underwent PCI before the price regulationof coronary stents, and 531 after. 1154 and 1092 stents at an average of 1.91 and 2.05 stents were used per casebefore and after the price regulation respectively.Conclusion: The use of DES has increased after the coronary price regulation. Also, more third-generation DESwhich is the gold standard in coronary revascularization is being used compared to before. The use of superiorimported stents also saw an increase after the coronary price regulation. There was only a marginal increase instents used per case.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135748605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19797
Background: It has been a common observation that medical graduates are often not enthusiastic to choose communitymedicine as a career. Majority of students who enter in community medicine is not by their genuine interest in the subject butby default.Aims & Objectives: (1) To explore the views of medical students regarding their career choice.(2) To assesspossible reasons for medical students opting for or shying away from community medicine as a career option.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 3rd& 4th year students and Internsat C.U.SHAH Medical College and Hospital situated in Surendranagar, Gujarat. Self-structured pretestedquestionnaire was used for collection of data. Out of 250 students 200 students participated for study.Results: A small number of students opted for preventive and social medicine (15%), selection of Communitymedicine as a career option was significantly low among males (8%) and students having a doctor in their family(6%).The popular choice among male and female were medical and surgical specialties (50%). Choice of Publichealth was least among 3rd year students. “Lack of personal satisfaction” ranked topmost in rejection criteria.Conclusion: The study reveals that there were a lot of misconceptions about the subject; its future prospects,opportunities etc. The peer review about the subject was also not very encouraging. This needs to be changed bymaking the subject interesting during undergraduate training and making them aware about the opportunitiesthe subject offers.
{"title":"Selection of Community Medicine as a subject for Post-Graduation: Students’ Perspective","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19797","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It has been a common observation that medical graduates are often not enthusiastic to choose communitymedicine as a career. Majority of students who enter in community medicine is not by their genuine interest in the subject butby default.Aims & Objectives: (1) To explore the views of medical students regarding their career choice.(2) To assesspossible reasons for medical students opting for or shying away from community medicine as a career option.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 3rd& 4th year students and Internsat C.U.SHAH Medical College and Hospital situated in Surendranagar, Gujarat. Self-structured pretestedquestionnaire was used for collection of data. Out of 250 students 200 students participated for study.Results: A small number of students opted for preventive and social medicine (15%), selection of Communitymedicine as a career option was significantly low among males (8%) and students having a doctor in their family(6%).The popular choice among male and female were medical and surgical specialties (50%). Choice of Publichealth was least among 3rd year students. “Lack of personal satisfaction” ranked topmost in rejection criteria.Conclusion: The study reveals that there were a lot of misconceptions about the subject; its future prospects,opportunities etc. The peer review about the subject was also not very encouraging. This needs to be changed bymaking the subject interesting during undergraduate training and making them aware about the opportunitiesthe subject offers.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19784
Self Medication(SM) “involves the use of medicinal products by the consumer to treat self recognized disordersor symptoms, or the intermittent or continued use of a medication prescribed by a physician for chronic orrecurring diseases or symptoms”. The objective of this study was to determine practices of Self Medication. Thepresent study was conducted in the field practice areas of the Department of Community Medicine, JawaharlalNehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, from August 2021 to July 2022. It was a communitybased cross-sectional study.A total of 424 people was included.Simple Random Sampling was done. Individuals≥18 years of age from families of RHTC and UHTC,those who experienced an episode of illness after start ofCovid-19 pandemic and those who gave consent were included in the study. Patients who were bed-ridden and/or suffering from mental illness and those who did not give consent were excluded from the study. Data entryand analysis was done in IBM SPSS v 26.0. Relevant statistical tests were applied wherever required. Nearlyhalf of the study population practised Self Medication as a form of treatment at least once in the preceding 12months.The major source of information for the choice, dosage and duration of the medicines consumed for SelfMedication in our study was found to be the pharmacist ( 69.0%). It was followed by prior experience (31.0%) andprevious prescription (15.2%). In our study analgesics and antipyretics were found to be consumed by the highestpercentage of study participants. People should be made aware of the risks of Self Medication and should beguided on responsible Self Medication. Awareness campaigns may be organised in this regard
自我药疗(SM) "涉及消费者使用医药产品治疗自我认识的疾病症状，或间歇性或持续使用医生为慢性或复发性疾病或症状开出的药物"。本研究的目的是确定自我药物治疗的做法。本研究于2021年8月至2022年7月在阿里格尔穆斯林大学贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁医学院社区医学系的实地实践领域进行。这是一个基于社区的横断面研究。共有424人被纳入调查。简单随机抽样。来自RHTC和UHTC家庭的年龄≥18岁的个体、在covid -19大流行开始后经历过疾病发作的个体以及表示同意的个体被纳入研究。卧床不起和/或患有精神疾病的患者以及未表示同意的患者被排除在研究之外。数据输入和分析在IBM SPSS v 26.0中完成。必要时采用了相关的统计检验。近一半的研究对象在之前的12个月里至少进行过一次自我药物治疗。在我们的研究中，自我用药的药物选择、剂量和持续时间的主要信息来源是药剂师(69.0%)。其次是既往经验(31.0%)和既往处方(15.2%)。在我们的研究中，发现服用镇痛药和退烧药的比例最高。人们应该意识到自我用药的风险，并在负责任的自我用药指导下进行。在这方面可以组织提高认识运动
{"title":"A Study on Self Medication Practices During Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19784","url":null,"abstract":"Self Medication(SM) “involves the use of medicinal products by the consumer to treat self recognized disordersor symptoms, or the intermittent or continued use of a medication prescribed by a physician for chronic orrecurring diseases or symptoms”. The objective of this study was to determine practices of Self Medication. Thepresent study was conducted in the field practice areas of the Department of Community Medicine, JawaharlalNehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, from August 2021 to July 2022. It was a communitybased cross-sectional study.A total of 424 people was included.Simple Random Sampling was done. Individuals≥18 years of age from families of RHTC and UHTC,those who experienced an episode of illness after start ofCovid-19 pandemic and those who gave consent were included in the study. Patients who were bed-ridden and/or suffering from mental illness and those who did not give consent were excluded from the study. Data entryand analysis was done in IBM SPSS v 26.0. Relevant statistical tests were applied wherever required. Nearlyhalf of the study population practised Self Medication as a form of treatment at least once in the preceding 12months.The major source of information for the choice, dosage and duration of the medicines consumed for SelfMedication in our study was found to be the pharmacist ( 69.0%). It was followed by prior experience (31.0%) andprevious prescription (15.2%). In our study analgesics and antipyretics were found to be consumed by the highestpercentage of study participants. People should be made aware of the risks of Self Medication and should beguided on responsible Self Medication. Awareness campaigns may be organised in this regard","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135754363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19776
Parental involvement in school has been demonstrated to be a key factor for children’s academic outcomes.However, there is a lack of research in Chile, as well as in Latin American countries in general, leaving a gap in theliterature about the generalization of findings outside developed and industrialized countries, where most of theresearch has been done. The present study aims to analyse the associations between parental involvement in schooland children’s academic achievement. Cluster analysis results from a sample of 498 parents or guardians whosechildren attended second and third grades in 16 public elementary schools suggested the existence of three differentprofiles of parental involvement (high, medium, and low) considering different forms of parental involvement (athome, at school and through the invitations made by the children, the teachers, and the school). Results show thatthere are differences in children’s academic achievement between the parental involvement profiles, indicating childrenwhose parents have a low involvement have lower academic achievement. Findings are in line with internationalresearch evidence, suggesting the need to focus on this variable too in Latin American contexts
{"title":"Study of Role of Parenting in Children with Low Academic Performance","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19776","url":null,"abstract":"Parental involvement in school has been demonstrated to be a key factor for children’s academic outcomes.However, there is a lack of research in Chile, as well as in Latin American countries in general, leaving a gap in theliterature about the generalization of findings outside developed and industrialized countries, where most of theresearch has been done. The present study aims to analyse the associations between parental involvement in schooland children’s academic achievement. Cluster analysis results from a sample of 498 parents or guardians whosechildren attended second and third grades in 16 public elementary schools suggested the existence of three differentprofiles of parental involvement (high, medium, and low) considering different forms of parental involvement (athome, at school and through the invitations made by the children, the teachers, and the school). Results show thatthere are differences in children’s academic achievement between the parental involvement profiles, indicating childrenwhose parents have a low involvement have lower academic achievement. Findings are in line with internationalresearch evidence, suggesting the need to focus on this variable too in Latin American contexts","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135755080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19786
Introduction: The Diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism is mostly biochemical as most of the patients have aserum TSH above the normal and serum free and total T4 and T3 are normal. Due to recent increasing prevalenceof sub-clinical hypothyroidism and metabolic risk factors such as adverse cardiac function and hyperlipidemia, itrecommended the importance of screening by assessment of serum TSH.Aims: To assess the lipid profile in patients diagnosed with sub-clinical hypothyroidismMethods and Materials: This study is a hospital based cross sectional study and comprised a total of 96 subjectsperformed in Chalmeda Anandrao Institute of Medical Sciences. Patients presenting to OPD with vague complaintsof hypothyroidism are selected. They are screened for subclinical hypothyroidism by doing fasting TFT comprisingfreeT4, freeT3 and TSH and fasting lipid profile is also done for the patient. Laboratory analysis of blood urea,serum creatinine done.Results: A Total number of 96 patients were studied, majority of them were between age group of 46 to 55 years.The BMI distribution among SCH has no correlation to serum TSH levels.Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism is more common among women.TSH values range from minimum of 5.8 mIU/l to maximum of 25mIU/l.Hypercholesterolemia was found in 40.6% of patients. LDL was elevated in 42.7% of cases. Triglyceride waselevated in only 27.1%. HDL values were found to be normal in 66.7% of cases.Conclusion: Our study concludes that there are significant elevations in total cholesterol and serum LDL insubclinical hypothyroidism. There is no much significant changes in triglycerides and HDL levels.
{"title":"Study of Lipid Parameters in Subclinical Hypothyroidism","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19786","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism is mostly biochemical as most of the patients have aserum TSH above the normal and serum free and total T4 and T3 are normal. Due to recent increasing prevalenceof sub-clinical hypothyroidism and metabolic risk factors such as adverse cardiac function and hyperlipidemia, itrecommended the importance of screening by assessment of serum TSH.Aims: To assess the lipid profile in patients diagnosed with sub-clinical hypothyroidismMethods and Materials: This study is a hospital based cross sectional study and comprised a total of 96 subjectsperformed in Chalmeda Anandrao Institute of Medical Sciences. Patients presenting to OPD with vague complaintsof hypothyroidism are selected. They are screened for subclinical hypothyroidism by doing fasting TFT comprisingfreeT4, freeT3 and TSH and fasting lipid profile is also done for the patient. Laboratory analysis of blood urea,serum creatinine done.Results: A Total number of 96 patients were studied, majority of them were between age group of 46 to 55 years.The BMI distribution among SCH has no correlation to serum TSH levels.Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism is more common among women.TSH values range from minimum of 5.8 mIU/l to maximum of 25mIU/l.Hypercholesterolemia was found in 40.6% of patients. LDL was elevated in 42.7% of cases. Triglyceride waselevated in only 27.1%. HDL values were found to be normal in 66.7% of cases.Conclusion: Our study concludes that there are significant elevations in total cholesterol and serum LDL insubclinical hypothyroidism. There is no much significant changes in triglycerides and HDL levels.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19763
Background: Ischemic stroke is quite heterogeneous in its patho-physiological mechanism associated withatherosclerosis. Little is known about measures for prevention of the disease apart from latest technologies andmedications.Method: 100 patients of different age groups were studied with MRA, to rule out occlusion or lesion; tropicaldistribution of infarction, clinical manifestations, recurrence after treatment was also noted.Results: Clinical manifestations included 33% alcoholic, 21% homocystine, 80% HTN, 54% DM, 30% Hyperlipidemia,35% smoking, 48% HTN + DM, 17% HTN + DM +Hyper-lipidemia, 7% HTN + DM + Hyper-lipidemia,+ smoking + Alcohol. Highest occlusion was observed 51 (39.9%) in MCA followed by 20 (14.4%) ICA, 23 (16.6%)BA, 18 (13.04%) VA and least was 2 (1.4%) in VA+BA. Highest tropical distribution of infarction was 28% corticalfollowed by 24% sub cortical and cortical, 23% cortical, 11% cerebellum, 8% Brainstem and recurrence wasobserved in 19% patients.Conclusion: The present pragmatic study will help for efficient management and risk control for Neuro-physicianand neurosurgeon because risk factor control remains the best strategy for preventing recurrence becauserecurrence of the stroke worsen the physical and mental conditions of the patients
{"title":"Study of Stroke Due to Intra Cranial Atherosclerosis in Bihar Population","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19763","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ischemic stroke is quite heterogeneous in its patho-physiological mechanism associated withatherosclerosis. Little is known about measures for prevention of the disease apart from latest technologies andmedications.Method: 100 patients of different age groups were studied with MRA, to rule out occlusion or lesion; tropicaldistribution of infarction, clinical manifestations, recurrence after treatment was also noted.Results: Clinical manifestations included 33% alcoholic, 21% homocystine, 80% HTN, 54% DM, 30% Hyperlipidemia,35% smoking, 48% HTN + DM, 17% HTN + DM +Hyper-lipidemia, 7% HTN + DM + Hyper-lipidemia,+ smoking + Alcohol. Highest occlusion was observed 51 (39.9%) in MCA followed by 20 (14.4%) ICA, 23 (16.6%)BA, 18 (13.04%) VA and least was 2 (1.4%) in VA+BA. Highest tropical distribution of infarction was 28% corticalfollowed by 24% sub cortical and cortical, 23% cortical, 11% cerebellum, 8% Brainstem and recurrence wasobserved in 19% patients.Conclusion: The present pragmatic study will help for efficient management and risk control for Neuro-physicianand neurosurgeon because risk factor control remains the best strategy for preventing recurrence becauserecurrence of the stroke worsen the physical and mental conditions of the patients","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19812
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) causes irreversible damage to renal tissue resulting in decreasedkidney function. It will affect the cardio-vascular system and leads to morbidity and mortality.Study of lipidprofile in chronic kidney disease in pre-dialysis patientsMethod: 150 CKD adult patients were studied and compared with 150 controlled group. Lipid profile was studiedafter a minimum 12 hour fasting. About 10 ml blood was collected from median cubital vein and centrifuged at5000 rpm for ten minutes then lipid profile was done by VITROS slidemethod. The obtained results in both groupswere noted and compared.Result: Biochemical parameters had significant p values (p<0.001) except serum sodium.Overall dyslipidemiawas present in 27 (18%) CKD and absent in 123 (82%) CKD patients out 150, 9 (6%) patients were in 3rd stage, 45(30%) were at stage-IV, 96 (64%) were at Vth stage. In correlation of lipid profile with GFR, TG, HDL and VLDLhad significant p value (p<0.001).Conclusion: Present pragmatic study proved that, dyslipidemia progress with CKD. Early monitoring of lipidprofile may help to control the progression of CKD and avoid morbidity and mortality of CKD patients.
{"title":"Study of Lipid Profile in Chronic Kidney Disease in Pre-dialysis Patients","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19812","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) causes irreversible damage to renal tissue resulting in decreasedkidney function. It will affect the cardio-vascular system and leads to morbidity and mortality.Study of lipidprofile in chronic kidney disease in pre-dialysis patientsMethod: 150 CKD adult patients were studied and compared with 150 controlled group. Lipid profile was studiedafter a minimum 12 hour fasting. About 10 ml blood was collected from median cubital vein and centrifuged at5000 rpm for ten minutes then lipid profile was done by VITROS slidemethod. The obtained results in both groupswere noted and compared.Result: Biochemical parameters had significant p values (p<0.001) except serum sodium.Overall dyslipidemiawas present in 27 (18%) CKD and absent in 123 (82%) CKD patients out 150, 9 (6%) patients were in 3rd stage, 45(30%) were at stage-IV, 96 (64%) were at Vth stage. In correlation of lipid profile with GFR, TG, HDL and VLDLhad significant p value (p<0.001).Conclusion: Present pragmatic study proved that, dyslipidemia progress with CKD. Early monitoring of lipidprofile may help to control the progression of CKD and avoid morbidity and mortality of CKD patients.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19828
Introduction: This is an observational study to explorethe prevalence of irondeficiency (ID) and the relationshipbetween the severity of chronic heart failure (CHF) and the degree of ID in CHF patients.Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the extent of ID and its adverse effects on patients with CHF.This study was intended to assess the prevalence and effect of ID in anaemic as well as, non-anaemic subjects.Methodology: Study subjects were from OPDs and IPD patients with the diagnosis of CHF, based on clinical and2D echo findings. ID was diagnosed by basing on iron profile along with transferin saturation (TSAT). The studyperiod was from January 2017 to March 2018; from which 109 patients were included. In those cases, trans-thoracicechocardiography, chest X-Ray, necessary blood biochemistry and CBC were done. Data collected on 109 cases ofCHF were analyzed using IBM SPSS 24.0 software.Results: Iron deficiency was present in 86.2% of patients, 40.3% had functional ID (ferritin 100-300 and TSATless than 20%) and 45.9% had absolute ID (ferritin less than 100). Interestingly, out of those who had no anaemiaclinically or laboratory report wise approximately one-fourth of the patients had iron deficiency.Conclusion: This study reveals that ID in HF is a hugely ignored area in India. This study brings out the need forlarge-scale studies in India so that this easily treatable condition can be well characterized and routine testing forID could be introduced in the guidelines of our country.
{"title":"Prevalence of Iron Deficiency in Chronic Heart Failure Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Observational Study","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19828","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This is an observational study to explorethe prevalence of irondeficiency (ID) and the relationshipbetween the severity of chronic heart failure (CHF) and the degree of ID in CHF patients.Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the extent of ID and its adverse effects on patients with CHF.This study was intended to assess the prevalence and effect of ID in anaemic as well as, non-anaemic subjects.Methodology: Study subjects were from OPDs and IPD patients with the diagnosis of CHF, based on clinical and2D echo findings. ID was diagnosed by basing on iron profile along with transferin saturation (TSAT). The studyperiod was from January 2017 to March 2018; from which 109 patients were included. In those cases, trans-thoracicechocardiography, chest X-Ray, necessary blood biochemistry and CBC were done. Data collected on 109 cases ofCHF were analyzed using IBM SPSS 24.0 software.Results: Iron deficiency was present in 86.2% of patients, 40.3% had functional ID (ferritin 100-300 and TSATless than 20%) and 45.9% had absolute ID (ferritin less than 100). Interestingly, out of those who had no anaemiaclinically or laboratory report wise approximately one-fourth of the patients had iron deficiency.Conclusion: This study reveals that ID in HF is a hugely ignored area in India. This study brings out the need forlarge-scale studies in India so that this easily treatable condition can be well characterized and routine testing forID could be introduced in the guidelines of our country.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135839019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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