Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19800
Introduction: Although WHO recommended continuing sexual and reproductive health services duringCOVID-19 pandemic, the services were either stopped completely or limited. Hence our study aims to determinethe challenges in the accessibility to family planning services as well as the impact on contraception and safeabortion services during COVID-19 era.Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology,SRM hospital, Chennai from September 2021 to November 2021. Random sampling method was used to enrollparticipants after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Almost half of the study population (49.24%) faced difficulty in following any form of contraceptivemeasure amid pandemic. Non-availability of contraceptive supply (14.72%) was the major hurdle during thepandemic. Among the respondents who had terminated the pregnancy, the majority had done by general medicalpractitioner (66.67%) while only thirty-three percent terminated under specialist care. While comparing thecomplications during pregnancy termination, general medical practitioner approach led to more complicationsthan specialist care.Conclusion: Non-availability of contraceptive supplies, FP services amid COVID-19 pandemic has exerteddetrimental impact on the women reproductive health. Continuing FP and safe abortion services are essentialduring pandemic to sustain the success of high-quality reproductive services.
{"title":"Obstacles and Challenges in Gaining Access to Family Planning Services in Covid Era: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19800","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Although WHO recommended continuing sexual and reproductive health services duringCOVID-19 pandemic, the services were either stopped completely or limited. Hence our study aims to determinethe challenges in the accessibility to family planning services as well as the impact on contraception and safeabortion services during COVID-19 era.Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology,SRM hospital, Chennai from September 2021 to November 2021. Random sampling method was used to enrollparticipants after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Almost half of the study population (49.24%) faced difficulty in following any form of contraceptivemeasure amid pandemic. Non-availability of contraceptive supply (14.72%) was the major hurdle during thepandemic. Among the respondents who had terminated the pregnancy, the majority had done by general medicalpractitioner (66.67%) while only thirty-three percent terminated under specialist care. While comparing thecomplications during pregnancy termination, general medical practitioner approach led to more complicationsthan specialist care.Conclusion: Non-availability of contraceptive supplies, FP services amid COVID-19 pandemic has exerteddetrimental impact on the women reproductive health. Continuing FP and safe abortion services are essentialduring pandemic to sustain the success of high-quality reproductive services.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":"280 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19761
Background: India being the forerunner in the cyber world the occupational health problem is slowly awakeningto this group of modern occupational diseases, which are slowly taking its roots among the information technology(IT) professionals. Studies have also shown that computer users are at greater risk of developing eye problems andvisual fatigue.Methodology: Cross sectional study was carried out over a period of one year time among 800 participants tostudy the eye problems among computer users.Results: Out of 800 participants; 70.25% participants had any computer related eye problem. If participants workmore than four hours in a single spell prevalence of eye problems was 84.49%. Prevalence of visual problem wasmaximum (76.67%) who use computer for seven to nine hours per day.Conclusion: It is observed that occurrence of visual problems are related more to number of hours spent gazing atthe screen than number of years of work.
{"title":"Study of Eye Problems among Long Term Computer users in Ahmedabad City","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19761","url":null,"abstract":"Background: India being the forerunner in the cyber world the occupational health problem is slowly awakeningto this group of modern occupational diseases, which are slowly taking its roots among the information technology(IT) professionals. Studies have also shown that computer users are at greater risk of developing eye problems andvisual fatigue.Methodology: Cross sectional study was carried out over a period of one year time among 800 participants tostudy the eye problems among computer users.Results: Out of 800 participants; 70.25% participants had any computer related eye problem. If participants workmore than four hours in a single spell prevalence of eye problems was 84.49%. Prevalence of visual problem wasmaximum (76.67%) who use computer for seven to nine hours per day.Conclusion: It is observed that occurrence of visual problems are related more to number of hours spent gazing atthe screen than number of years of work.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19758
Background: Malnutrition, a major public health problem in India, is one of the major reasons behind under-fivemorbidities and mortality. The NFHS-5 data (2019-21) shows a significant prevalence of underweight, stuntingand wasting at national, state and district levels. Identifying the problem and the reasons behind it can help usplanning necessary actions for reducing the burden of malnutrition in days to come.Objectives: To assess the nutritional status and to explore the different risk factors among under-five childrenattending government immunization centres in Bankura municipality, West BengalMaterials and methods: A total of 163 under-five children were included in the study. After receiving informedconsent from the accompanying person, they were interviewed and anthropometric measurements of the children,like height, weight, MUAC, were taken.Results: The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting, were 22.1%, 15.9% and 27.6% respectively. Differentfactors associated with undernutrition included socioeconomic status, mother’s employment status, maternal ageat childbirth, type of delivery, child-feeding practices like colostrum feeding, time of initiation of complementaryfeeding.Conclusions: A significant proportion of under-five children were found to be underweight, stunted or wasted.The majority of the associated factors identified were modifiable, and hence awareness generation in commonpeople may reduce the burden of undernutrition in under-five population.
{"title":"Anthropometric Assessment of Nutritional Status among Under-five Children Attending Government Immunization Centres in Bankura Municipality, West Bengal","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19758","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malnutrition, a major public health problem in India, is one of the major reasons behind under-fivemorbidities and mortality. The NFHS-5 data (2019-21) shows a significant prevalence of underweight, stuntingand wasting at national, state and district levels. Identifying the problem and the reasons behind it can help usplanning necessary actions for reducing the burden of malnutrition in days to come.Objectives: To assess the nutritional status and to explore the different risk factors among under-five childrenattending government immunization centres in Bankura municipality, West BengalMaterials and methods: A total of 163 under-five children were included in the study. After receiving informedconsent from the accompanying person, they were interviewed and anthropometric measurements of the children,like height, weight, MUAC, were taken.Results: The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting, were 22.1%, 15.9% and 27.6% respectively. Differentfactors associated with undernutrition included socioeconomic status, mother’s employment status, maternal ageat childbirth, type of delivery, child-feeding practices like colostrum feeding, time of initiation of complementaryfeeding.Conclusions: A significant proportion of under-five children were found to be underweight, stunted or wasted.The majority of the associated factors identified were modifiable, and hence awareness generation in commonpeople may reduce the burden of undernutrition in under-five population.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19785
Background: For assessment of mild to severe outcome points of SARS COV-2 we need to observe patients withcomorbidities along with basic laboratory markers like NLR, PLR, CRP, D-dimer, serum Ferritin etc. For theprediction of SARS COV-2 severity our study aims at basic available laboratory prognostic biomarkers.Methods and Result: Our study included 46 patients with mild, moderate and severe outcomes which werecategorised according to CRP, Serum Ferritin and D- dimer with p-Value < 0.001 for both outcomes which aresignificant as compared to outcome patients with p-Value = 0.01 which is slightly less significant.Conclusion: A raised value of CRP, ferritin, D-dimer and involvement of male gender and old age patients wereassociated with severity of the disease.Among these parameters, D-dimer was known to be the best predictor of the outcome.
{"title":"Prognostic Biochemical Markers Predicting Severity Caused by COVID 19: A Retrospective Observational Study Conducted in a Small Health-care Set UP in Western U.P.","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19785","url":null,"abstract":"Background: For assessment of mild to severe outcome points of SARS COV-2 we need to observe patients withcomorbidities along with basic laboratory markers like NLR, PLR, CRP, D-dimer, serum Ferritin etc. For theprediction of SARS COV-2 severity our study aims at basic available laboratory prognostic biomarkers.Methods and Result: Our study included 46 patients with mild, moderate and severe outcomes which werecategorised according to CRP, Serum Ferritin and D- dimer with p-Value < 0.001 for both outcomes which aresignificant as compared to outcome patients with p-Value = 0.01 which is slightly less significant.Conclusion: A raised value of CRP, ferritin, D-dimer and involvement of male gender and old age patients wereassociated with severity of the disease.Among these parameters, D-dimer was known to be the best predictor of the outcome.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19816
Introduction: World-wide obesity trends are causing serious public health concern and in many countriesthreatening the viability of basic health care delivery. Waist circumference as a screening measure of centralobesity in children where obesity is a global phenomenon affecting all socio-economic groups, irrespective of age,sex or ethnicity.Aims and Objectives: Waist circumference Reference values are in percentiles for children with 5-15 years of agein Karimnagar city. To screen over weight and obese children using waist circumference and in comparison withthat of BMI (reference values)Material and Methods: The study was prospective case control observational study included for 5-15 years of 1000school going children in Karimnagar city from January 2021 to October 2022 For each group children – Height,weight, waist circumference and BP were recorded and BMI was calculated according to their (formula) wt/(ht)2.Results: There was good correlation with waist circumference and BMI in each age group.1. The reference values for each age group were constructed for WC, BMI, SBP and DBP.2. The study population was observed over weight (OW) and obesity with their reference values i.e. OW between85th and 95th percentile and obese over 95th percentile for both WC and BMI. There was good correlation betweenBMI and waist circumference for age groups and both the sexes and screening results of OW and obese raising WCand BMI were almost similar. This indirect WC alone can be used to screen over weight and obesity.Conclusion: Reference values for both waist circumference and BMI, age wise and gender wise were constructed.Reference values for BMI and Waist Circumference with cutoff points of 75th, 85th and 95th percentiles wereconstructed. The reference values were developed both in percentiles and mean with standard deviation. Usingthese reference values, children were screened for overweight, obesity using both BMI and WC. Children at risk(“action point” >75th percentile of WC) for metabolic syndrome were identified. There is good correlation betweenBMI and Waist Circumference. WC measurement alone on regular basis during school health checkup can help toscreen, intervene and monitor Overweight and obese children.
{"title":"A Study on Waist Circumference as a Screening Tool for Obesity and its Effectiveness in Comparison with BMI among 5-15 Years Urban School going Children at Karimnagar","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19816","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: World-wide obesity trends are causing serious public health concern and in many countriesthreatening the viability of basic health care delivery. Waist circumference as a screening measure of centralobesity in children where obesity is a global phenomenon affecting all socio-economic groups, irrespective of age,sex or ethnicity.Aims and Objectives: Waist circumference Reference values are in percentiles for children with 5-15 years of agein Karimnagar city. To screen over weight and obese children using waist circumference and in comparison withthat of BMI (reference values)Material and Methods: The study was prospective case control observational study included for 5-15 years of 1000school going children in Karimnagar city from January 2021 to October 2022 For each group children – Height,weight, waist circumference and BP were recorded and BMI was calculated according to their (formula) wt/(ht)2.Results: There was good correlation with waist circumference and BMI in each age group.1. The reference values for each age group were constructed for WC, BMI, SBP and DBP.2. The study population was observed over weight (OW) and obesity with their reference values i.e. OW between85th and 95th percentile and obese over 95th percentile for both WC and BMI. There was good correlation betweenBMI and waist circumference for age groups and both the sexes and screening results of OW and obese raising WCand BMI were almost similar. This indirect WC alone can be used to screen over weight and obesity.Conclusion: Reference values for both waist circumference and BMI, age wise and gender wise were constructed.Reference values for BMI and Waist Circumference with cutoff points of 75th, 85th and 95th percentiles wereconstructed. The reference values were developed both in percentiles and mean with standard deviation. Usingthese reference values, children were screened for overweight, obesity using both BMI and WC. Children at risk(“action point” >75th percentile of WC) for metabolic syndrome were identified. There is good correlation betweenBMI and Waist Circumference. WC measurement alone on regular basis during school health checkup can help toscreen, intervene and monitor Overweight and obese children.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19773
Organophosphate poisoning is common poisoning seen in developing countries. Accidental poisoning is rare inchildren but adolescents consume it with suicidal intention. Complications following op compound poisonings arewell known but children developing acute pancreatitis is a rare complication.[1-2] Hence we present a case series ofchildren developing acute pancreatitis in op compound poisoning. All five cases were treated conservatively andsuccessfully discharged.
{"title":"Clinico-epidemiological Profile of Acute Pancreatitis Secondary to Organophosphate Poisoning in Children at a Tertiary Care Centre: Case Series","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19773","url":null,"abstract":"Organophosphate poisoning is common poisoning seen in developing countries. Accidental poisoning is rare inchildren but adolescents consume it with suicidal intention. Complications following op compound poisonings arewell known but children developing acute pancreatitis is a rare complication.[1-2] Hence we present a case series ofchildren developing acute pancreatitis in op compound poisoning. All five cases were treated conservatively andsuccessfully discharged.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135755090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19762
Nandha Kishore M.Y.
Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is now widely available, and considerable body of experiencehas been accumulated in using it to evaluate this region. MRI is now accepted as the imaging procedure of choicein the evaluation of sellar and parasellar pathology.The aims and objectives are to know the characteristic MRIfeatures of the sellar, parasellar and suprasellar lesions and to describe the incidence of the various lesions andtheir age and sex distribution in the study population.Methodology: Prospective study of 30 patients referred for imaging having clinical features raising suspicion ofsellar, parasellar and suprasellar lesions. They underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain-sella using1.5 TESLA PHILIPS ACHIEVA MRI MACHINE in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, KIMS & RF, Amalapuram.Results: Out of 30 cases 4 cases were pituitary macroadenoma, 3 cases each of pituitary microadenoma,craniopharyngioma, meningioma and aneurysm. 2 cases of each hypothalamic hamartoma, Pituitary colloidcyst, Rathke’s cleft cyst, Arachnoid cyst and primary empty sella were found. And 1 case of each Suprasellartuberculoma, Trigeminal schwannoma, Suprasellar retinoblastoma and PNS rhabdomyosarcoma were found.Conclusion: MR imaging characteristics of the most common lesions like pituitary macroadenoma, microadenoma,craniopharyngioma, meningioma and aneurysm were sufficiently distinct to allow them to be differentiatedfrom each other and from most other entities. Other characteristics such as extrasellar versus intrasellar location,nature of contrast material enhancement, the presence of cystic components, and clinical findings permit furtherdifferentiation among the various other abnormalities. The superior resolution and multiplanar capacity of MRimaging best depicts the extent of sellar, parasellar and suprasellar lesions
磁共振成像(MRI)现已广泛应用，并在使用它来评估该区域方面积累了相当多的经验。MRI现在被认为是评估鞍区和鞍旁病变的首选成像方法。目的和目的是了解鞍、鞍旁和鞍上病变的特征性mri特征，描述各种病变的发病率及其在研究人群中的年龄和性别分布。方法学:前瞻性研究30例患者转诊影像学有临床特征怀疑鞍，鞍旁和鞍上病变。他们接受了脑鞍的核磁共振成像，使用1.5 TESLA PHILIPS ACHIEVA核磁共振成像机，放射诊断，金氏医学研究所;射频,Amalapuram。结果:30例中垂体大腺瘤4例，垂体微腺瘤、颅咽管瘤、脑膜瘤、动脉瘤各3例。下丘脑错构瘤、垂体胶质囊肿、Rathke裂隙囊肿、蛛网膜囊肿及原发性空鞍各2例。其中鞍上结节瘤、三叉神经鞘瘤、鞍上视网膜母细胞瘤、鞍上横纹肌肉瘤各1例。结论:垂体大腺瘤、微腺瘤、颅咽管瘤、脑膜瘤和动脉瘤等最常见病变的MR影像学特征明显，可与其他大多数病变区分开来。其他特征，如鞍外与鞍内位置、造影剂增强的性质、囊性成分的存在以及临床表现，可以进一步区分各种其他异常。优越的分辨率和多平面成像能力最好地描绘鞍、鞍旁和鞍上病变的范围
{"title":"Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Sellar, Parasellar and Suprasellar Lesions","authors":"Nandha Kishore M.Y.","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19762","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is now widely available, and considerable body of experiencehas been accumulated in using it to evaluate this region. MRI is now accepted as the imaging procedure of choicein the evaluation of sellar and parasellar pathology.The aims and objectives are to know the characteristic MRIfeatures of the sellar, parasellar and suprasellar lesions and to describe the incidence of the various lesions andtheir age and sex distribution in the study population.Methodology: Prospective study of 30 patients referred for imaging having clinical features raising suspicion ofsellar, parasellar and suprasellar lesions. They underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain-sella using1.5 TESLA PHILIPS ACHIEVA MRI MACHINE in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, KIMS & RF, Amalapuram.Results: Out of 30 cases 4 cases were pituitary macroadenoma, 3 cases each of pituitary microadenoma,craniopharyngioma, meningioma and aneurysm. 2 cases of each hypothalamic hamartoma, Pituitary colloidcyst, Rathke’s cleft cyst, Arachnoid cyst and primary empty sella were found. And 1 case of each Suprasellartuberculoma, Trigeminal schwannoma, Suprasellar retinoblastoma and PNS rhabdomyosarcoma were found.Conclusion: MR imaging characteristics of the most common lesions like pituitary macroadenoma, microadenoma,craniopharyngioma, meningioma and aneurysm were sufficiently distinct to allow them to be differentiatedfrom each other and from most other entities. Other characteristics such as extrasellar versus intrasellar location,nature of contrast material enhancement, the presence of cystic components, and clinical findings permit furtherdifferentiation among the various other abnormalities. The superior resolution and multiplanar capacity of MRimaging best depicts the extent of sellar, parasellar and suprasellar lesions","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135783921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19817
Background: Amniotic fluid plays multiple important roles in pregnancy like homeostasis, protection fromtrauma, infection, and also facilitates cervical dilation in labour. Therefore, if the fetal membranes are rupturedbefore time, the consequences that follow can be detrimental to the fetus as well as the mother. The etiology ofpremature rupture of membranes (PROM) is still largely unclear and the complications are manifold. Howeverprompt diagnosis and early management can help limit the adverse consequences and ensure a safe delivery.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ina tertiary care hospital in Tezpur, Assam, over a period of 1 year (2021-2022). Out of all the patients who attendedthe OPD or emergency labour room, 94 cases were included in the study as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria.The data of these women was entered into a proforma and the study was done after due ethical clearance.Results: Hospital incidence was 1.3%, with more women being primigravidae. Majority of cases had unknown etiology butwomen from lower socioeconomic class showed more chances of PROM. Caesarean section was the mode of delivery in 68%cases. Most common maternal morbidity factor was fever at 7.4%. Most babies had a good APGAR score. 20.2% of babiesrequired admission to NICU. No maternal or perinatal mortality was seen.Conclusion: PROM is an enigmatic condition associated with high risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity andmortality, even in the absence of other obstetric complications. Timely management and appropriate interventioncan greatly improve both outcomes.
{"title":"A Hospital Based Prospective Observational Study on the Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Premature Rupture of Membranes in low-risk Pregnancies at a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19817","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Amniotic fluid plays multiple important roles in pregnancy like homeostasis, protection fromtrauma, infection, and also facilitates cervical dilation in labour. Therefore, if the fetal membranes are rupturedbefore time, the consequences that follow can be detrimental to the fetus as well as the mother. The etiology ofpremature rupture of membranes (PROM) is still largely unclear and the complications are manifold. Howeverprompt diagnosis and early management can help limit the adverse consequences and ensure a safe delivery.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ina tertiary care hospital in Tezpur, Assam, over a period of 1 year (2021-2022). Out of all the patients who attendedthe OPD or emergency labour room, 94 cases were included in the study as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria.The data of these women was entered into a proforma and the study was done after due ethical clearance.Results: Hospital incidence was 1.3%, with more women being primigravidae. Majority of cases had unknown etiology butwomen from lower socioeconomic class showed more chances of PROM. Caesarean section was the mode of delivery in 68%cases. Most common maternal morbidity factor was fever at 7.4%. Most babies had a good APGAR score. 20.2% of babiesrequired admission to NICU. No maternal or perinatal mortality was seen.Conclusion: PROM is an enigmatic condition associated with high risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity andmortality, even in the absence of other obstetric complications. Timely management and appropriate interventioncan greatly improve both outcomes.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135748613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19799
Cytological study of fluids is an inexpensive, simple procedure and has significant utility in diagnosingneoplastic and non neoplastic lesions. The cytological examination of fluids in combination with physicalexamination helps identify aetiologic agents, follow the natural process of the disease and monitor the responseto the treatment.Aim: To determine the diagnostic utility of serosal fluid cytology and analyse the incidence of neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions using serous fluid cytology.Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study comprising 311 cases conducted in a tertiarycare hospital. Purposive sampling was used to recruit the participants. All the patients with pleural effusions,ascites or in whom Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF), pericardial and synovial fluids examination was indicated wereincluded. The provisional diagnosis was obtained from case sheets, including relevant clinical information. Smearswere prepared from freshly tapped specimens without adding anticoagulants and were processed by routine,conventional smear technique. The data were analysed using the SPSS version 22.0 for Windows. Numericalvariables were reported as frequency and percentage. The chi-square test was used wherever necessary, and thep-value less than 0.05 were considered significant.Results: The peritoneal fluid was the most common fluid collected in the present study, followed by pleural fluidand CSF. The malignancy rate in the present study was 19 (10.4%) of peritoneal fluid, 6 (5.9%) for pleural fluid,and 2 (4.1%) for CSF.Conclusion: Adenocarcinoma was the most common malignancy found in this study, which was in concordancewith the research conducted earlier, where gold standard investigations confirmed the findings. In the peritonealfluid, most of the patients had cirrhosis and tuberculosis. In pleural fluid and cerebrospinal fluid, most of them hadtuberculosis and chronic inflammatory conditions, respectively. Previous researchers confirmed similar findingsin their studies. It is seen that malignant and benign conditions like tuberculosis can be diagnosed well witheffusion cytology.
{"title":"Importance of Serosal Fluid Cytology as an Aid to Primary Diagnosis: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19799","url":null,"abstract":"Cytological study of fluids is an inexpensive, simple procedure and has significant utility in diagnosingneoplastic and non neoplastic lesions. The cytological examination of fluids in combination with physicalexamination helps identify aetiologic agents, follow the natural process of the disease and monitor the responseto the treatment.Aim: To determine the diagnostic utility of serosal fluid cytology and analyse the incidence of neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions using serous fluid cytology.Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study comprising 311 cases conducted in a tertiarycare hospital. Purposive sampling was used to recruit the participants. All the patients with pleural effusions,ascites or in whom Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF), pericardial and synovial fluids examination was indicated wereincluded. The provisional diagnosis was obtained from case sheets, including relevant clinical information. Smearswere prepared from freshly tapped specimens without adding anticoagulants and were processed by routine,conventional smear technique. The data were analysed using the SPSS version 22.0 for Windows. Numericalvariables were reported as frequency and percentage. The chi-square test was used wherever necessary, and thep-value less than 0.05 were considered significant.Results: The peritoneal fluid was the most common fluid collected in the present study, followed by pleural fluidand CSF. The malignancy rate in the present study was 19 (10.4%) of peritoneal fluid, 6 (5.9%) for pleural fluid,and 2 (4.1%) for CSF.Conclusion: Adenocarcinoma was the most common malignancy found in this study, which was in concordancewith the research conducted earlier, where gold standard investigations confirmed the findings. In the peritonealfluid, most of the patients had cirrhosis and tuberculosis. In pleural fluid and cerebrospinal fluid, most of them hadtuberculosis and chronic inflammatory conditions, respectively. Previous researchers confirmed similar findingsin their studies. It is seen that malignant and benign conditions like tuberculosis can be diagnosed well witheffusion cytology.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19759
Background: Life skills aid as a principal catalyst to promote healthy adolescent development by preventing keycauses of death. Building critical-thinking and decision-making skills lays the foundation stone for unfolding allother essential life skills.Objectives: To evaluate effectiveness of an educational intervention module on critical-thinking and decisionmakingskills of school-going adolescents in Imphal West district, Manipur.Methods: Quasi-experimental study was conducted in co-educational state board schools of Imphal West districtof Manipur among classes IX and XI from December,2020 to October,2022 with 210 students in intervention and206 in control school. Structured questionnaire was self-administered at three time points. Health educationmodule devised by researchers, comprised of four sessions given at three weeks interval to intervention school.Chi-square test, Independent sample-t-test and ANOVA were applied for analysis.Results: Critical-thinking skills {Wilks’s Lambda=0.061,F(2,208)=1602.82,p<0.001, η2=0.94} and decision-makingskills {Wilk’s Lambda=0.11,F(2,208)=831.84,p<0.001, η2=0.89} of the experimental group improved significantlyacross the three time points but not for the control group. Between the group comparison indicated that meanchange in scores for both the skills was significantly greater for experimental group (p<0.001) when compared tocontrol. Life skills intervention module had a large effect size for both the skills at both the post-testsConclusion: This study affirmed the effectiveness of the educational intervention with significant improvementin both skills for experimental school immediately after the intervention which was sustained till the third month.
{"title":"Development and Application of Critical-Thinking and Decision-Making Skills’ Enhancement Module among School-Going Adolescents in Manipur: A Quasi-Experimental Study","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19759","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Life skills aid as a principal catalyst to promote healthy adolescent development by preventing keycauses of death. Building critical-thinking and decision-making skills lays the foundation stone for unfolding allother essential life skills.Objectives: To evaluate effectiveness of an educational intervention module on critical-thinking and decisionmakingskills of school-going adolescents in Imphal West district, Manipur.Methods: Quasi-experimental study was conducted in co-educational state board schools of Imphal West districtof Manipur among classes IX and XI from December,2020 to October,2022 with 210 students in intervention and206 in control school. Structured questionnaire was self-administered at three time points. Health educationmodule devised by researchers, comprised of four sessions given at three weeks interval to intervention school.Chi-square test, Independent sample-t-test and ANOVA were applied for analysis.Results: Critical-thinking skills {Wilks’s Lambda=0.061,F(2,208)=1602.82,p<0.001, η2=0.94} and decision-makingskills {Wilk’s Lambda=0.11,F(2,208)=831.84,p<0.001, η2=0.89} of the experimental group improved significantlyacross the three time points but not for the control group. Between the group comparison indicated that meanchange in scores for both the skills was significantly greater for experimental group (p<0.001) when compared tocontrol. Life skills intervention module had a large effect size for both the skills at both the post-testsConclusion: This study affirmed the effectiveness of the educational intervention with significant improvementin both skills for experimental school immediately after the intervention which was sustained till the third month.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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