IET nanobiotechnology最新文献

Introduction: Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a promising approach that combines low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) with a sensitizing agent to induce therapeutic effects. Curcumin-coated silver nanoparticles (Cur@AgNPs) have shown potential as a sensitizer, demonstrating adverse effects on cancer cell survival. This study examined the apoptotic effects of US waves in the presence of Cur@AgNPs on MCF7 breast cancer cells.

Methods and Materials: MCF7 cells were cultured and divided into different treatment groups. Cur@AgNPs were synthesized and characterized using various techniques, confirming their size to be approximately 29.3 ± 5.6 nm. The IC50 of Cur@AgNPs in MCF7 cells was determined to be 48.23 µg/ml through the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. LIUS radiation was applied to the cells in different modes, both with and without Cur@AgNPs. Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured. Colony formation assay and real-time PCR were conducted to evaluate cell death and changes in gene expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and Caspase-3, respectively.

Results: The findings confirmed the successful synthesis of Cur@AgNPs with a uniform size of approximately 29.3 ± 5.6 nm. In the continuous wave (CW) and pulse wave (PW) modes, 50% and 25%, cell viability was measured at 65.01% ± 1.35%, 73.75% ± 1.80%, and 80.76% ± 1.57%, respectively. Cell viability in CW with Cur@AgNPs was 16.9% ± 4%. The plating efficiency (PE) of the combined treatment group was 13.66 ± 1.24, compared to 39.33 ± 1.24 for the US.CW group and 68.66 ± 2.62 for the Cur@AgNPs group. Also, the expression of proapoptotic genes, such as Bax and Caspase-3, increased, while the expression of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 decreased in MCF7 cells treated with the SDT. Flow cytometry analysis revealed increased rates of early apoptosis (21.22% ± 3.82%) and late apoptosis (36.59% ± 4.5%) in the US.CW + Cur@AgNPs.

Conclusion: This study provides novel insights into the induction of apoptosis in MCF7 breast cancer cells through SDT in the presence of Cur@AgNPs as a sonosensitizer. These findings support the potential of SDT as an effective therapeutic approach for breast cancer treatment using nonionizing and noninvasive methods.

Saliva has already proven to be a prospective diagnostic bioresource for both early disease detection and timely intervention due to its easy accessibility, noninvasiveness, and reproducibility. However, the in-depth identification of salivary proteins needs to be further improved. Until now, only 3427 proteins are included in the human salivary proteome (HSP), which is far from the millions of proteins that make up humans. Here, we set out to quantitatively map the HSP in rapid and in-depth Orbitrap Astral mass spectrometer (MS) and coronal nanomagnetic bead–based proteomics workflow. Our study reported 5937 salivary proteins, which was about 73% more than that recorded in HSP. Moreover, we compared the differences between the young and aged salivary proteins. The predominant functions of the upregulated proteins in the young were related to motor proteins and cardiomyopathy, whereas those of the aged were primarily upregulated with oxidation reaction, as well as neurodegenerative disorders. It is the first study to carry out salivary proteomics using a fast and deep Orbitrap Astral MS and remarkably enlarged the number of proteins with HSP, furthermore, salivary proteomics was found to be characterized in the young and aged. With the rapidly advancing MS and proteomics technologies, we believe that salivary protein biomarkers will be more promising for clinical diagnosis and prognosis of human diseases in the future.

Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) ranks as a second leading cause of death. The End TB strategy targets eliminating TB by 2030. Achieving this goal requires an early, accurate, and affordable diagnosis applicable in low- and middle-income countries; increasing the reach of point-of-care (POC) diagnostics is essential. Nanodiagnostics aims to enhance clinical diagnostic procedures with heightened sensitivity and accuracy by focusing on distinctive markers for early detection. A systematic search of research articles was conducted in four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect) independently by two researchers. Publications retrieved in the independent search were mixed and imported into a single EndNote X8. The extraction of characteristics from the selected studies were carried out step by step by two independent researcher groups Abayeneh Girma and Fentaye Kassawmar and Yeshiwas Kassa and Yeshwas Asrat using a standardized data extraction format in Microsoft Excel 2021. Finally, the extracted data were combined and clearly presented in the table with the key information and findings. Inconsistencies between reviewers were resolved by discussion, and articles were included after consensus was reached. Totally, 2740 articles were retrieved, and 69 TB nanoparticle (NP)-based assays have fulfilled the inclusion criteria and included in this systematic review. The proposed platforms share the characteristics of accuracy, affordability, and swift time-to-result. Nanodiagnostics for TB now cover all clinical presentations of the disease, including active, drug-resistant, HIV-related, latent, and extrapulmonary TB. These advancements not only enhance the diagnostic landscape but also facilitate timely and effective treatment strategies, ultimately aiming to reduce the burden of TB worldwide. This review summarizes state-of-the-art knowledge of TB nanodiagnostics for the last 18 years. For fabrication concepts, detection strategies, and clinical performance, special consideration is given using various clinical specimens, and the suitability of TB nanodiagnostics for optimal MTB testing is evaluated. TB nanodiagnostics present a promising solution for meeting the stringent demands to end the TB epidemic by 2030.

[Montazeri, S., et al.: Chitosan nanoparticle loaded by epidermal growth factor as a potential protein carrier for wound healing: in vitro and in vivo studies. IET Nanobiotechnol. 17(3), 204–211 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1049/nbt2.12116]

In Section 2.9 [In vivo wound healing study], the statement “In the present study, 20 mature Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200–300 g were used” was incorrect. This should have read: “In the present study, 25 mature Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200–300 g were used.”

In Section 2.9 [In vivo wound healing study], the statement “The treatment started on day 0, wound dressing of each group was changed every day until the 14th day.” Was missing and is now included in the paragraph.

In Section 2.9 [In vivo wound healing study], the ethical approval statement was missing. The statement has now been provided below:

“All animal experiments in this study were performed with the approval of the Animal Ethics Committee of the Avicenna Research Institute under reference number IR.ACECR.Avicenna.REC.1396.19.”

In Section 2.10 [Wound histological analysis], the statement “After 14 days, the animals were sacrificed by spinal cord injury under anaesthesia” was incorrect. This should have read: “After 14 days, the animals were euthanized using carbon dioxide (CO₂).”

In Table 1, the standard deviation (SD) values were missing. The correct version of the table [with the SD values] is provided below:

The quality of the images in Figure 5a was inadvertently altered and decreased during the preparation and publication process. They have been replaced with images of higher quality.

The conclusions reached within the study remain unaffected. The authors apologize for these errors.

RETRACTION: H. M. Alahdal, S. A. Abdullrezzaq, H. I. M. Amin, S. F. Alanazi, A. T. Jalil, M. Khatami, and M. M. Saleh, “Trace elements-based Auroshell gold@hematite nanostructure: Green synthesis and their hyperthermia therapy,” IET Nanobiotechnology 17, no. 1 (2023): 22–31, https://doi.org/10.1049/nbt2.12107.

The above article, published online on 24 November 2022 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief; The Institution of Engineering and Technology; and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The retraction has been agreed due to concerns raised by a third party. An investigation revealed several inconsistencies regarding the experiments described and the results presented. The experimental methods are not described in detail, and so the research described is not fully comprehensible for readers, not reproducible, and the editors consider the conclusions invalid. The authors were contacted for an explanation but have not addressed any of the concerns. They have been informed of the decision to retract and they disagree with it.

Achieving food security stands as a primary challenge confronting global societies today. This necessitates the development of effective strategies to increase crop productivity and enhance their specifications, aiming to meet the growing market demands sustainably and efficiently. This research was conducted over two agricultural seasons and emphasizes the ability of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to promote the growth and productivity of durum wheat (variety Sham 7) cultivated under the conservative conditions of Deir ez-Zor. The wheat seeds were soaked before planting with a colloidal suspension of AgNPs, prepared through an eco-friendly method utilizing an aqueous extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves. The best plant morphological indicators (plant height, chlorophyl content, number of branches, and number of spikes) were observed when colloidal AgNPs were used as a soaking solution compared with silver nitrate (AgNO₃)and deionized (DI) water as a control. The highest productivity parameters (grain yield, straw yield, and 1000-grain weight) were obtained when seeds were soaked in 40 ppm of AgNPs. Furthermore, the results revealed an increase in the nutrient content of grain (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium). This study offers valuable insights into the prospective use of AgNPs for significant improvement in wheat cultivation, increasing productivity, and improving crop quality. As a contribution to facing future challenges in the field of agriculture and ensuring sustainable food security.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) membrane-coated metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) represent an innovative approach to enhance the uptake and therapeutic efficacy of copper-based MOFs (Cu-MOFs) in tumor cells. By leveraging the natural homing abilities and biocompatibility of MSC membranes, Cu-MOFs can be effectively targeted to tumor sites, promoting increased cellular uptake. This coating not only facilitates superior internalization by cancer cells but also augments the therapeutic outcomes due to the enhanced delivery of copper ions. In vitro studies demonstrate that MSC membrane-coated Cu-MOFs (MSC-Cu-MOFs) significantly improve the cytotoxic effects on tumor cells compared to uncoated Cu-MOFs. This novel strategy presents a promising avenue for advancing the precision and effectiveness of cancer treatment modalities, showcasing potential for clinical applications in oncology.

Background: As a naturally derived inhibitor of autophagy, Kushenol E (KE) is a biprenylated flavonoid and is isolated from Sophora flavescens, which has been used for the treatment of cancer, hepatitis, and skin diseases. However, KE, as a poorly soluble drug, exhibited strong autophagy regulating activity in in vitro cancer cell lines, but no related studies have reported its antiovarian cancer property. Therefore, it is very beneficial to enhance the antineoplastic properties of KE by establishing an ovarian tumor-targeting nanoparticle system modified with tumor-homing c(RGDfK) peptides.

Materials and Methods: In the current study, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-modified with cyclic RGDfK peptide (PLGA-PEG-c(RGDfK))-KE micelles (PPCKM) were prepared to overcome the poor water solubility of KE to meet the requirement of tumor-active targeting. The effect of PPCKM on ovarian cancer was evaluated on SKOV-3 cells and xenograft models in BALB/c nude mice.

Results: The PPCKM showed a higher drug cumulative release ratio (82.16 ± 7.69% vs. 34.96 ± 3.05%, at 1.5 h) with good morphology, particle size (93.41 ± 2.84 nm), and entrapment efficiency (89.7% ± 1.3%). The cell viability, migration, and apoptosis analysis of SKOV-3 cells demonstrated that PPCKM retained potent antitumor effects and promoted apoptosis at early and advanced stages with concentration-dependent. Based on the establishment of xenograft models in BALB/c nude mice, we discovered that PPCKM reduced tumor volume and weight, inhibited proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67 expression, as well as promoted apoptosis by targeting the tumor site.

Conclusion: The findings in this study suggest that PPCKM may serve as an effective therapeutic option for ovarian cancer.

In the present study, arginine–glycine–aspartic acid peptide (RGD) surface functionalized liposomes (Lips) were formulated for the concomitant targeted delivery of two antineoplastic drugs, namely curcumin (Cur) and 5-fluorouracil (5FU) to breast cancer cells. The Lips’ measured size values where 50–100 nm by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and 169 ± 10.2 nm by dynamic light scattering (DLS), which fall within the desired range required for drug delivery purposes. In this study, we assessed the antineoplastic effects of various liposomal formulations for the codelivery of Cur and 5FU to MCF-7 breast cancer cells. We evaluated two liposomal formulations (Lip–Cur–5FU) and (Lip–Cur–5FU–RGD). The treatment of MCF-7 cells with 32 µg/mL of Cur exhibited a significant (p < 0.0001) drop in cell viability among the three formulations, namely Cur and 5Fu in the free form (Lip–Cur–5FU) and liposomal form (Lip–Cur–5FU–RGD); the least viability rate (9.91% ± 1.65%) corresponded to the RGD functionalized concomitantly Cur and 5Fu loaded Lips (Lip–Cur–5FU–RGD) formulation. On the other hand, liposomal Cur increased the rate of early apoptotic cell by 4.88% without altering the rate of late apoptotic cells. Furthermore, the concomitant treatment of MCF-7 cells with Cur and 5FU enhanced the overall apoptosis rate, where Cur–5FU in the RGD functionalized-liposomal form induced the highest (16.8%) apoptosis rate, while other Cur–5FU formulations, free and nonfunctionalized liposomal form, induced lower apoptosis rates (10.4% and 10.9%, respectively). Collectively our results demonstrated that the implementation of RGD-functionalized Lips for the concomitant delivery of Cur and 5FU enhanced their therapeutic efficacy against this breast cancer model.

Herein, chitosan nanoparticle (CHIT) was used as a safe and biocompatible matrix to carry flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) extract (FSE). The number of main features and bio-interface properties of CHIT-FSE were determined by SEM, DLS, FTIR, XRD, TGA, and zeta potential analyses and compared to those of chitosan lacking FSE. A GC–MS analysis was also conducted to reveal the bioactive compounds of FSE. The active anchoring of the FSE phytomolecules over chitosan nanoparticles with enhanced thermal and structural stability was correspondingly verified. Subsequently, the influence of CHIT-FSE, CHIT-TPP, and FSE supplementation was assessed on hormonal and biochemical markers of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in female rats and compared with untreated and healthy control groups. After 16 days of treatment, CHIT-FSE represented the best performance for controlling the serum levels of the studied biochemical (lipid profile and blood glucose level) and hormonal (insulin, testosterone, luteinizing, and follicle-stimulating hormone) parameters. Considering the negligible therapeutic activity of CHIT-TPP, the enhanced activity of CHIT-FSE compared to only FSE was expounded based on the potent action of chitosan nanoparticles in enhanced stabilization, bioavailability, transport, and permeability of the therapeutically important phytomolecules. As per the results of this investigation, supporting medically important biomolecules over chitosan can enhance their therapeutic effectiveness in controlling PCOS.