R. Ajaykumar, K. Harishankar, S.R. Shri Rangasami, V. Saravanakumar, G. Yazhini, V. Rajanbabu, K. Premalatha
Background: The range of synthetic medications and growth promoters fed to broilers is expensive, negatively impacts the health of the birds and has long-term side effects. Refocusing their efforts, poultry farmers are looking for herbal extracts that have therapeutic properties and may be used safely to boost productivity. This study was conducted to assess the effect of Garlic (Allium sativum), Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) on the growth performance of broiler chickens. Methods: One hundred and forty day old broiler chicks were distributed randomly into seven treatment groups viz., T0 (Control: basal diet), T1 (basal diet + 0.5% Garlic), T2 (basal diet + 0.5% Ginger), T3 (basal diet + 0.5% Cinnamon), T4 (basal diet + 0.25% Garlic + 0.25% Ginger), T5 (basal diet + 0.25% Garlic + 0.25% Cinnamon), T6 (basal diet + 0.25% Ginger + 0.25% Cinnamon) having 70 chicks in each group with 10 replicates. Result: The results (0-6 weeks) of present study indicated that supplementation of 0.25% garlic and 0.25% ginger to the basal diet of broilers (T4) significantly improved overall average daily gain (ADG), better feed conversion ratio (FCR) and broiler performance efficiency index (BPEI) and body weight (BW) of broilers followed by diet supplemented with combination of 0.25% ginger and 0.25% cinnamon (T6) were better than control as well as other groups. Highest profit per bird (Rs. 25.17) and benefit cost ratio (1.59) was observed in T4 followed by T6. It can be concluded that dietary supplementation of garlic (0.25 %) along with ginger (0.25%) has the potential to improve growth performance of broiler chickens.
{"title":"Growth Performance, Quantitative Analysis and Economics of Broiler Chickens as Influenced by Herbal Dietary Additives as Alternative Growth Booster","authors":"R. Ajaykumar, K. Harishankar, S.R. Shri Rangasami, V. Saravanakumar, G. Yazhini, V. Rajanbabu, K. Premalatha","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5326","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The range of synthetic medications and growth promoters fed to broilers is expensive, negatively impacts the health of the birds and has long-term side effects. Refocusing their efforts, poultry farmers are looking for herbal extracts that have therapeutic properties and may be used safely to boost productivity. This study was conducted to assess the effect of Garlic (Allium sativum), Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) on the growth performance of broiler chickens. Methods: One hundred and forty day old broiler chicks were distributed randomly into seven treatment groups viz., T0 (Control: basal diet), T1 (basal diet + 0.5% Garlic), T2 (basal diet + 0.5% Ginger), T3 (basal diet + 0.5% Cinnamon), T4 (basal diet + 0.25% Garlic + 0.25% Ginger), T5 (basal diet + 0.25% Garlic + 0.25% Cinnamon), T6 (basal diet + 0.25% Ginger + 0.25% Cinnamon) having 70 chicks in each group with 10 replicates. Result: The results (0-6 weeks) of present study indicated that supplementation of 0.25% garlic and 0.25% ginger to the basal diet of broilers (T4) significantly improved overall average daily gain (ADG), better feed conversion ratio (FCR) and broiler performance efficiency index (BPEI) and body weight (BW) of broilers followed by diet supplemented with combination of 0.25% ginger and 0.25% cinnamon (T6) were better than control as well as other groups. Highest profit per bird (Rs. 25.17) and benefit cost ratio (1.59) was observed in T4 followed by T6. It can be concluded that dietary supplementation of garlic (0.25 %) along with ginger (0.25%) has the potential to improve growth performance of broiler chickens.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V.V. Lakshmi, N. Jayakumar, C. Sudhan, Hari Prasad Mohale, P. Ruby, Durai Raja
Background: The estimated biodiversity indices showed spatial and temporal variations in the biodiversity of finfish and shellfish among the three stations of Ennore Creek, from September 2018 to August 2019 and from September 2022 to August 2023 at fortnightly intervals. Methods: A total of three sampling sites (S1, S2 and S3) were chosen in Ennore Creek for the present research. Occurrence data of finfish and shellfish species caught using gill nets were collected at the three selected sites of Ennore Creek. PRIMER v7 (Plymouth Routines in Multivariate Ecological Research), a statistical software tool created at the Plymouth Marine Laboratory in the United Kingdom (Clarke and Gorley, 2006) was used. Result: The findings showed that within the study area, there were more species, higher abundances, larger individuals and a higher percentage of Least Concern (77.6%), Not Evaluated (16.3%) and Data Deficient (6.1%). For every species of shellfish that has been documented, the IUCN classification is 100% not evaluated. But there are very few species of shellfish and finfish. Significant variations in fish abundance were found when the mean abundance of vulnerable, endangered and least concerned species for the assessed, unprotected areas were analysed.
{"title":"Biodiversity and Abundance of Various Fish Species of the Ennore Creek Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"V.V. Lakshmi, N. Jayakumar, C. Sudhan, Hari Prasad Mohale, P. Ruby, Durai Raja","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5260","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The estimated biodiversity indices showed spatial and temporal variations in the biodiversity of finfish and shellfish among the three stations of Ennore Creek, from September 2018 to August 2019 and from September 2022 to August 2023 at fortnightly intervals. Methods: A total of three sampling sites (S1, S2 and S3) were chosen in Ennore Creek for the present research. Occurrence data of finfish and shellfish species caught using gill nets were collected at the three selected sites of Ennore Creek. PRIMER v7 (Plymouth Routines in Multivariate Ecological Research), a statistical software tool created at the Plymouth Marine Laboratory in the United Kingdom (Clarke and Gorley, 2006) was used. Result: The findings showed that within the study area, there were more species, higher abundances, larger individuals and a higher percentage of Least Concern (77.6%), Not Evaluated (16.3%) and Data Deficient (6.1%). For every species of shellfish that has been documented, the IUCN classification is 100% not evaluated. But there are very few species of shellfish and finfish. Significant variations in fish abundance were found when the mean abundance of vulnerable, endangered and least concerned species for the assessed, unprotected areas were analysed.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140692247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Yadav, R. Joshi, N. Joshi, S.V. Singh, D.P. Srivastva
Background: Nowadays, the emergence and dissemination of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) constitutes a major public health concern. The extensive and inappropriate use of antibiotics may lead to development of multidrug resistant (MDR) organisms. The antibiotic resistant genes are mostly situated conjugative plasmids, which are horizontally transmitted from one species to another in highly populous country like India. Methods: Total 240 samples were collected from Ayodhya and Sultanpur districts of Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh (India). Confirmation of isolates was done by PCR analysis using species specific Uid A gene. ESBL and Carbapenemase producing isolates were confirmed using DDST, ESBL-E-strip and MBL E-strip test. Plasmid profile of these isolates was performed using GeneJet Plasmid Miniprep Kit and gel-electrophoresis. Result: In this study total 186 (77.5%) isolates of E. coli were confirmed by PCR analysis. Total 130(54.16%) isolates were confirmed as ESBL and 10(4.16%) as Carbapenemase producer using E-ESBL strip and MBL-E strip test. All ESBL and Carbapenemase positive isolates were found 99-100% sensitive against chloramphenicol, polypeptides and aminoglycosides group of antibiotics and 80-100% resistance against 3rd, 4th group of cephalosporins, monobactam and penicillin group of antibiotics. Total 76.18% ESBL positive and 100% Carbapenemase positive isolates were found MDR. Plasmid profiling revealed total 63.84% ESBL positive isolates carried plasmid of molecular weight in range of 1.5 to greater than 10kb with 1-3 number of bands and 80.0% Carbapenemase positive isolates carried plasmid with molecular weight 3 to greater than 10 kb with 1-3 number of bands.
{"title":"Multidrug Resistance Pattern and Plasmid Profiling of ESBL and Carbapenemase Producing E. coli Isolates of Bovine Origin in Awadh Region of Uttar Pradesh","authors":"V. Yadav, R. Joshi, N. Joshi, S.V. Singh, D.P. Srivastva","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5322","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nowadays, the emergence and dissemination of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) constitutes a major public health concern. The extensive and inappropriate use of antibiotics may lead to development of multidrug resistant (MDR) organisms. The antibiotic resistant genes are mostly situated conjugative plasmids, which are horizontally transmitted from one species to another in highly populous country like India. Methods: Total 240 samples were collected from Ayodhya and Sultanpur districts of Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh (India). Confirmation of isolates was done by PCR analysis using species specific Uid A gene. ESBL and Carbapenemase producing isolates were confirmed using DDST, ESBL-E-strip and MBL E-strip test. Plasmid profile of these isolates was performed using GeneJet Plasmid Miniprep Kit and gel-electrophoresis. Result: In this study total 186 (77.5%) isolates of E. coli were confirmed by PCR analysis. Total 130(54.16%) isolates were confirmed as ESBL and 10(4.16%) as Carbapenemase producer using E-ESBL strip and MBL-E strip test. All ESBL and Carbapenemase positive isolates were found 99-100% sensitive against chloramphenicol, polypeptides and aminoglycosides group of antibiotics and 80-100% resistance against 3rd, 4th group of cephalosporins, monobactam and penicillin group of antibiotics. Total 76.18% ESBL positive and 100% Carbapenemase positive isolates were found MDR. Plasmid profiling revealed total 63.84% ESBL positive isolates carried plasmid of molecular weight in range of 1.5 to greater than 10kb with 1-3 number of bands and 80.0% Carbapenemase positive isolates carried plasmid with molecular weight 3 to greater than 10 kb with 1-3 number of bands.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selahaddin Kiraz, S. Koncagül, M. E. Vural, H. Koyun
Background: The Karacadağ Mountains are of extinct volcanic origin and cover a large area in the triangle between Diyarbakır (Center, Nar and Ergani districts), Şanlılurfa (Siverek and Viranşehir districts) and Mardin (Derik district). Agricultural activities are limited due to the stony structure of the region; therefore, small animal husbandry is intensively practiced in the villages of the region. Mahalli goats, which are morphologically new domestic goats, are distinguished from other domestic goats by their spiral horn structure. They are not only resistant to cold weather conditions, but also resistant to diseases. Therefore, present study aimed to determine the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Mahalli goats in Diyarbakır region. Methods: The study was carried out at Şanlıurfa, Harran University of Agricultural Faculty, Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Molecular Genetics, in 2019-2020. Out of 24 Mahalli goats, forward and reverse primers were used to amplify the 598 bp region over the mtDNA D-loop region encompassing the 481 bp most variable region (HVR1). Analysis of goat D-loop sequences revealed 481 regions of 0.378 G+C, 97 polymorphic regions and 19 haplotypes. The phylogenetic analysis of Mahalli goats was carried out using molecular genetic techniques. Result: As a result of data analysis, both haplotype diversity (HD) and nucleotide diversity (ND) were calculated to be 1.000±0.0039 and 0.0375±0.00209, respectively. The genetic distance between the haplotypes of Mahalli goat ranged from 0.003 to 0.087 and the genetic distance between the haplotypes of Mahalli goat and other domestic goat breeds in Turkey ranged from 0.016 to 0.027. All 19 haplotypes used in this study were represented in the lineage A phylogenetic tree.
背景：卡拉卡达山脉是死火山，位于迪亚巴克尔（中心区、纳尔区和埃尔加纳尼区）、桑勒卢尔法（锡韦列克区和维兰谢希尔区）和马尔丁（德里克区）之间的三角地带，面积很大。由于该地区的石质结构，农业活动受到限制；因此，该地区的村庄主要从事小型畜牧业。马哈里山羊在形态上属于新的家养山羊，与其他家养山羊的区别在于它们的螺旋角结构。它们不仅能抵抗寒冷的气候条件，还能抵抗疾病。因此，本研究旨在确定迪亚巴克尔地区 Mahalli 山羊的遗传多样性和系统发育关系。研究方法本研究于 2019-2020 年在哈兰大学农学院动物生物技术和分子遗传学实验室的桑勒乌尔法进行。在 24 只马哈利山羊中，使用正向和反向引物扩增了 mtDNA D-loop 区域的 598 bp 区域，其中包括 481 bp 的最可变区域 (HVR1)。对山羊 D 环序列的分析表明，有 481 个 0.378 G+C 的区域、97 个多态区和 19 个单倍型。利用分子遗传技术对马哈利亚山羊进行了系统发育分析。分析结果数据分析结果表明，单倍型多样性（HD）和核苷酸多样性（ND）分别为（1.000±0.0039）和（0.0375±0.00209）。马哈利山羊单倍型之间的遗传距离在0.003至0.087之间，马哈利山羊与土耳其其他家山羊品种单倍型之间的遗传距离在0.016至0.027之间。本研究中使用的所有 19 个单倍型在 A 系系统树中均有体现。
{"title":"A Mitochondrial DNA-based Molecular Phylogenetics Study of the Mahalli Goat as a New Animal Genetic Resource in Southern Anatolia in Turkey","authors":"Selahaddin Kiraz, S. Koncagül, M. E. Vural, H. Koyun","doi":"10.18805/ijar.bf-1738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1738","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Karacadağ Mountains are of extinct volcanic origin and cover a large area in the triangle between Diyarbakır (Center, Nar and Ergani districts), Şanlılurfa (Siverek and Viranşehir districts) and Mardin (Derik district). Agricultural activities are limited due to the stony structure of the region; therefore, small animal husbandry is intensively practiced in the villages of the region. Mahalli goats, which are morphologically new domestic goats, are distinguished from other domestic goats by their spiral horn structure. They are not only resistant to cold weather conditions, but also resistant to diseases. Therefore, present study aimed to determine the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Mahalli goats in Diyarbakır region. Methods: The study was carried out at Şanlıurfa, Harran University of Agricultural Faculty, Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Molecular Genetics, in 2019-2020. Out of 24 Mahalli goats, forward and reverse primers were used to amplify the 598 bp region over the mtDNA D-loop region encompassing the 481 bp most variable region (HVR1). Analysis of goat D-loop sequences revealed 481 regions of 0.378 G+C, 97 polymorphic regions and 19 haplotypes. The phylogenetic analysis of Mahalli goats was carried out using molecular genetic techniques. Result: As a result of data analysis, both haplotype diversity (HD) and nucleotide diversity (ND) were calculated to be 1.000±0.0039 and 0.0375±0.00209, respectively. The genetic distance between the haplotypes of Mahalli goat ranged from 0.003 to 0.087 and the genetic distance between the haplotypes of Mahalli goat and other domestic goat breeds in Turkey ranged from 0.016 to 0.027. All 19 haplotypes used in this study were represented in the lineage A phylogenetic tree.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140703524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Jackqulinwino, B. Ahilan, Cheryl Antony, P. Chidambaram, A. Uma, P. Ruby
Background: A 90-day trial was carried out to investigate the effects of insitu and exsitu biofloc on the immune-physiological responses, nutrient composition and muscle growth-related gene expression. Methods: The experimental groups consisted of IB-1, IB-2, IB-3 (insitu biofloc), EB-1, EB-2, EB-3 (exsitu biofloc). Capacity of 2.4-ton outdoor tanks were stocked with 4.36±0.1 g pearlspot (Etroplus suratensis) juveniles @ 150/m3. Organic jaggery was used as carbon source to maintain 12:1, 15:1, and 20:1 C/N (IB-1, IB-2, IB-3) ratio for insitu biofloc development and exsitu biofloc mass production and feed supplementation at 10, 20 and 30 % graded level in the diet (EB-1, EB-2, EB-3). Result: At the end of the experiment, insitu biofloc system showed significantly better physiological performances in terms of SOD, RBT, MPO, GLU, CAT, and Serum protein compared to exsitu treatment. In exsitu system, biofloc supplemented at 20% significantly improved nutrient composition. There was a significant effect of insitu and exsitu biofloc treatments on whole-body amino acids like Phenylalanine, Leucine, Isoleucine, methionine, tryptophan, and lysine. However, the targeted muscle-growth-related myo D gene was significantly upregulated in IB-3 insitu and EB-2 exsitu treatments, while the myostatin was downregulated in IB-3 and EB-3. Therefore, this present study suggests the adoption of the insitu biofloc method to obtain better performance of Pearlspot, insitu biofloc at 20:1 C: N level could be used to improve overall health and muscle growth in Etroplus suratensis.
{"title":"Efficacy of in situ and ex situ Biofloc on Growth, Immune-physiological Responses, Nutrient Composition and Muscle Growth-related Gene Expression of Etroplus suratensis","authors":"A. Jackqulinwino, B. Ahilan, Cheryl Antony, P. Chidambaram, A. Uma, P. Ruby","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5306","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A 90-day trial was carried out to investigate the effects of insitu and exsitu biofloc on the immune-physiological responses, nutrient composition and muscle growth-related gene expression. Methods: The experimental groups consisted of IB-1, IB-2, IB-3 (insitu biofloc), EB-1, EB-2, EB-3 (exsitu biofloc). Capacity of 2.4-ton outdoor tanks were stocked with 4.36±0.1 g pearlspot (Etroplus suratensis) juveniles @ 150/m3. Organic jaggery was used as carbon source to maintain 12:1, 15:1, and 20:1 C/N (IB-1, IB-2, IB-3) ratio for insitu biofloc development and exsitu biofloc mass production and feed supplementation at 10, 20 and 30 % graded level in the diet (EB-1, EB-2, EB-3). Result: At the end of the experiment, insitu biofloc system showed significantly better physiological performances in terms of SOD, RBT, MPO, GLU, CAT, and Serum protein compared to exsitu treatment. In exsitu system, biofloc supplemented at 20% significantly improved nutrient composition. There was a significant effect of insitu and exsitu biofloc treatments on whole-body amino acids like Phenylalanine, Leucine, Isoleucine, methionine, tryptophan, and lysine. However, the targeted muscle-growth-related myo D gene was significantly upregulated in IB-3 insitu and EB-2 exsitu treatments, while the myostatin was downregulated in IB-3 and EB-3. Therefore, this present study suggests the adoption of the insitu biofloc method to obtain better performance of Pearlspot, insitu biofloc at 20:1 C: N level could be used to improve overall health and muscle growth in Etroplus suratensis.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140714747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O.V. Giurgiu, M.L. Bogdan, A. Ionescu, M.S. Ciupe, C.R. Cimpean, N. Hitter-Purcar, D.G. Bitica, L.M. Gherman, S. Bogdan, D.I. Berean
Background: The development of new protocols has become a priority today in the context of the adverse effects of conventional treatments. Zeolite falls into this category due to its numerous applications reported in the specialized literature. In this study, the main expected objectives were to demonstrate that intrauterine administration of zeolite can contribute to improving the indicators underlying the development of pathologies during the postpartum period. Methods: To determine the dosage and potential toxic effects on the uterine mucosa, we conducted a study on rats, to which we administered different doses on the second day after delivery. Ultrasound measurements of the uterus, collection of bacteriological samples and uterine tissue were performed at 7, 14 and 21 days. The results were satisfactory in terms of tissue effects, with the 20% dosage being the most suitable. Following the completion of the preliminary study, we grouped the animals into two equal groups (n=32). Intrauterine administration of zeolite was performed on the second day after delivery and monitoring of uterine involution was carried out on days 7, 14 and 21 of the puerperium. At 14 days, we collected samples to determine the number of bacteria and uterine tissue. Result: The data obtained indicate that the group receiving intrauterine zeolite (n=16) experienced a decrease in the number of bacteria, significantly faster uterine involution on days 14 and 28, a more favourable uterine score and a significantly shorter service period. However, no significance was established regarding the number of doses of seminal material used.
{"title":"The Effect of Intrauterine Administration of Zeolite on the Puerperal Period in Dairy Cows","authors":"O.V. Giurgiu, M.L. Bogdan, A. Ionescu, M.S. Ciupe, C.R. Cimpean, N. Hitter-Purcar, D.G. Bitica, L.M. Gherman, S. Bogdan, D.I. Berean","doi":"10.18805/ijar.bf-1730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1730","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The development of new protocols has become a priority today in the context of the adverse effects of conventional treatments. Zeolite falls into this category due to its numerous applications reported in the specialized literature. In this study, the main expected objectives were to demonstrate that intrauterine administration of zeolite can contribute to improving the indicators underlying the development of pathologies during the postpartum period. Methods: To determine the dosage and potential toxic effects on the uterine mucosa, we conducted a study on rats, to which we administered different doses on the second day after delivery. Ultrasound measurements of the uterus, collection of bacteriological samples and uterine tissue were performed at 7, 14 and 21 days. The results were satisfactory in terms of tissue effects, with the 20% dosage being the most suitable. Following the completion of the preliminary study, we grouped the animals into two equal groups (n=32). Intrauterine administration of zeolite was performed on the second day after delivery and monitoring of uterine involution was carried out on days 7, 14 and 21 of the puerperium. At 14 days, we collected samples to determine the number of bacteria and uterine tissue. Result: The data obtained indicate that the group receiving intrauterine zeolite (n=16) experienced a decrease in the number of bacteria, significantly faster uterine involution on days 14 and 28, a more favourable uterine score and a significantly shorter service period. However, no significance was established regarding the number of doses of seminal material used.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140739279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Alghamdi, N. Abutaha, F. A. Almekhlafi, M. Wadaan
Background: Breast cancer is a prevalent global health concern. Traditional medicine often incorporates the use of medicinal plants to address various diseases. Methods: The cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and cell migration effects of saponin and phenol extracts were evaluated through MTT assay, ROS analysis and wound-healing assay. Following the identification of the active extract, it underwent GC-MS analysis and in silico investigations. Result: Our results revealed significant inhibition of cell proliferation in MDA-MB-231 (IC50:407.3 μg/mL) and HUVECs (IC50:500 μg/mL), which was achieved only with the ethyl acetate extract (Fraction 2). Fraction 2 extract induced notable morphological changes and significantly inhibited time-dependent migration in MDA-MB-231 cells. Additionally, it elevated cellular ROS levels compared to the control cells. In molecular docking analysis, out of the 51 chosen secondary metabolites from L. shawii, stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3α,24S) (-10.0 kcal/mol) and lup-20(29)-ene-3,28-diol (-9.5 kcal/mol) were found to be the best docked to their respective targets-6CHZ and 4MAN, respectively. Therefore, this plant holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer treatment.
{"title":"Metabolic Profiling, in vitro Cytotoxicity and in silico Investigation of Lycium shawii Roem. Extract","authors":"R. Alghamdi, N. Abutaha, F. A. Almekhlafi, M. Wadaan","doi":"10.18805/ijar.bf-1751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1751","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is a prevalent global health concern. Traditional medicine often incorporates the use of medicinal plants to address various diseases. Methods: The cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and cell migration effects of saponin and phenol extracts were evaluated through MTT assay, ROS analysis and wound-healing assay. Following the identification of the active extract, it underwent GC-MS analysis and in silico investigations. Result: Our results revealed significant inhibition of cell proliferation in MDA-MB-231 (IC50:407.3 μg/mL) and HUVECs (IC50:500 μg/mL), which was achieved only with the ethyl acetate extract (Fraction 2). Fraction 2 extract induced notable morphological changes and significantly inhibited time-dependent migration in MDA-MB-231 cells. Additionally, it elevated cellular ROS levels compared to the control cells. In molecular docking analysis, out of the 51 chosen secondary metabolites from L. shawii, stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3α,24S) (-10.0 kcal/mol) and lup-20(29)-ene-3,28-diol (-9.5 kcal/mol) were found to be the best docked to their respective targets-6CHZ and 4MAN, respectively. Therefore, this plant holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer treatment.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140735643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Budiman, B. Nurhadi, H. Supratman, M.M. Rahman, Y.R. Yanza, I. Hernaman
Background: Peanut oil is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and plays an important role in human and animal health. PUFAs are generally undergo to the biohydrogenation (BH) process by the rumen microbes. The single-layer emulsion encapsulation has been used in sheep diet. However, a limited reference was found concerning double-layer techniques to protect the essential PUFAs from BH process in the rumen. Methods: EDLEPO was made with a matrix of peanut oil, whey protein isolate (WPI), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and maltodextrin at 40: 2.5: 7.5: 55. The first layer was the binding of WPI with peanut oil and the second layer is the binding of WPI with MCC. Moreover, the in vitro experiment was designed with 5 treatments separated by CON group (0 g/kg EDLEPO) and experimental groups which are leveled by EDLEPO inclusion (25, 50, 75 and 100 g/kg levels of EDLEPO) in the buffered sheep’s rumen. Result: Increased levels of EDLEPO inclusion reduced rumen ammonia-N concentration (P less than 0.05) by a linear response. Hence, increased levels of EDLEPO inclusion increased rumen degradability rates expressed as IVDMD and IVOMD up to 12% and 9%, respectively, by a linear response (P less than 0.05). No significant differences were found between treatments on pH value, VFAs and total gas production. However, the increased levels of EDLEPO inclusion reduced CH4 concentration expressed as CH4/IVDMD and CH4/IVOMD up to 9% and 17% (P less than 0.05). It can be concluded that the EDLEPO inclusion in the diet increased in vitro rumen degradability rates with no negative effects on the rumen fermentation profile.
{"title":"The Effects of Encapsulation and Double-layer Emulsion of Peanut Oil on in vitro Rumen Degradability Rates and Fermentation Profile in Sheep","authors":"A. Budiman, B. Nurhadi, H. Supratman, M.M. Rahman, Y.R. Yanza, I. Hernaman","doi":"10.18805/ijar.bf-1761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1761","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Peanut oil is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and plays an important role in human and animal health. PUFAs are generally undergo to the biohydrogenation (BH) process by the rumen microbes. The single-layer emulsion encapsulation has been used in sheep diet. However, a limited reference was found concerning double-layer techniques to protect the essential PUFAs from BH process in the rumen. Methods: EDLEPO was made with a matrix of peanut oil, whey protein isolate (WPI), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and maltodextrin at 40: 2.5: 7.5: 55. The first layer was the binding of WPI with peanut oil and the second layer is the binding of WPI with MCC. Moreover, the in vitro experiment was designed with 5 treatments separated by CON group (0 g/kg EDLEPO) and experimental groups which are leveled by EDLEPO inclusion (25, 50, 75 and 100 g/kg levels of EDLEPO) in the buffered sheep’s rumen. Result: Increased levels of EDLEPO inclusion reduced rumen ammonia-N concentration (P less than 0.05) by a linear response. Hence, increased levels of EDLEPO inclusion increased rumen degradability rates expressed as IVDMD and IVOMD up to 12% and 9%, respectively, by a linear response (P less than 0.05). No significant differences were found between treatments on pH value, VFAs and total gas production. However, the increased levels of EDLEPO inclusion reduced CH4 concentration expressed as CH4/IVDMD and CH4/IVOMD up to 9% and 17% (P less than 0.05). It can be concluded that the EDLEPO inclusion in the diet increased in vitro rumen degradability rates with no negative effects on the rumen fermentation profile.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140739998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Launaea angustifolia methanol extract on the reproductive organs of female rats through the use of chemical screening. Methods: A total of twenty-five female rats were separated into five distinct groups to be examined. The group that served as the control did not receive any dose, whereas the group that served as the negative control received DEMSO by oral gavage. Group 10 received 10 mg/kg body weight per day, Group 50 received 50 mg/kg body weight per day and Group 100 received 100 mg/kg body weight per day for a period of two weeks. Result: Despite the fact that the body weights of female rats rose during the course of this investigation, there were no significant variations between the groups after 14 days of dosing occurred. In the case of female rats, the body weights of the control group were found to be considerably greater (P less than 0.05) in all experimental days, with the exception of day 1 and day 3, when compared to the groups that received 50 and 100 mg. Although there was a discernible rise in the weight of the ovary in the control group in comparison to the group that was exposed to DMSO.
{"title":"Investigating the Impact of Launaea angustifolia Extract on the Reproduction Function of Female Rats","authors":"A. Ammari, A. Alhimaidi, R. Amran, Ahmed G. Rady","doi":"10.18805/ijar.bf-1750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1750","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Launaea angustifolia methanol extract on the reproductive organs of female rats through the use of chemical screening. Methods: A total of twenty-five female rats were separated into five distinct groups to be examined. The group that served as the control did not receive any dose, whereas the group that served as the negative control received DEMSO by oral gavage. Group 10 received 10 mg/kg body weight per day, Group 50 received 50 mg/kg body weight per day and Group 100 received 100 mg/kg body weight per day for a period of two weeks. Result: Despite the fact that the body weights of female rats rose during the course of this investigation, there were no significant variations between the groups after 14 days of dosing occurred. In the case of female rats, the body weights of the control group were found to be considerably greater (P less than 0.05) in all experimental days, with the exception of day 1 and day 3, when compared to the groups that received 50 and 100 mg. Although there was a discernible rise in the weight of the ovary in the control group in comparison to the group that was exposed to DMSO.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140739708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Canaries have attracted people’s attention with their colors, shapes and impressive songs. The fact that canaries are domesticated and easy to obtain has made these birds attractive for songbird studies. In our study, canary semen was examined at different temperature values. This study aims to determine the most efficient spermatozoa examination temperature in canaries. Methods: In this study, five different temperature values (36, 38, 40, 42 and 44°C) were determined. The study used 6 active male Gloster canaries in each group. After each semen collection application, a 3-day break was given for the birds to rest. Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) expander, which is preferred by songbirds, was used in the research. The semen was diluted 1:2 in a water bath at specified temperatures (36, 38, 40, 42, 44°C) and immediately examined for motility and viability. Result: When the study results were evaluated, it was seen that the viability rate at 38°C was higher than the other groups and 40°C gave the highest results in terms of motility. In addition to the viability rate at 38°C, the swimming speed of spermatozoa was also found to be more stable over a wider area than other groups. As a result, based on the data obtained from the study, it can be said that the most appropriate temperature for motility and viability in canary spermatozoa is 38°C.
{"title":"Effect of Different Processing Temperature on Motility and Viability in Canary Sperm","authors":"A.O. Özkök","doi":"10.18805/ijar.bf-1767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1767","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Canaries have attracted people’s attention with their colors, shapes and impressive songs. The fact that canaries are domesticated and easy to obtain has made these birds attractive for songbird studies. In our study, canary semen was examined at different temperature values. This study aims to determine the most efficient spermatozoa examination temperature in canaries. Methods: In this study, five different temperature values (36, 38, 40, 42 and 44°C) were determined. The study used 6 active male Gloster canaries in each group. After each semen collection application, a 3-day break was given for the birds to rest. Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) expander, which is preferred by songbirds, was used in the research. The semen was diluted 1:2 in a water bath at specified temperatures (36, 38, 40, 42, 44°C) and immediately examined for motility and viability. Result: When the study results were evaluated, it was seen that the viability rate at 38°C was higher than the other groups and 40°C gave the highest results in terms of motility. In addition to the viability rate at 38°C, the swimming speed of spermatozoa was also found to be more stable over a wider area than other groups. As a result, based on the data obtained from the study, it can be said that the most appropriate temperature for motility and viability in canary spermatozoa is 38°C.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140739101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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