Pelin Şenel, Bleda Can Sadikogullari, E. Çepni Yüzbaşıoğlu, Gulnur Mertoglu Elmas, D. Oral, A. Gölcü, Ayşe Daut Özdemir
The genus Genista L. (Family: Fabaceae) is a plant having several traditional uses for treating common ailments such as diabetes, ulcer, and respiratory diseases. In this current study, the composition of essential oil and the biological activities of Genista sagittalis L. (Fabaceae) from Kocaeli: Yuvacık Dam Basin have been studied. A total of fourteen components were identified in the essential oil. The identified compounds belonged to straight-chain alkane, aromatic ether, and terpenoid derivatives. The antibacterial activity analyses demonstrated that G. sagittalis flower extract only had low activity against P. mirabilis and P. aeruginosa with MICs 1 to 2 mg/mL, as the peduncle extract showed strong anti-QS activity at 1.3 mg/mL. To the best of our knowledge, the current work is the first to report the antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing activity of G. sagittalis growing in Turkey. Double-stranded DNA binding affinity investigations of the flower and peduncle ethanol extracts indicate that there are interactions with double-stranded DNA and related binding constants (Kb) were found as 1.97×103±0.37 and 3.68×102±0.44 for the flower and peduncle extract, respectively.
{"title":"Pharmacological Properties of Genista sagittalis L. (Fabaceae) Grown in Turkey","authors":"Pelin Şenel, Bleda Can Sadikogullari, E. Çepni Yüzbaşıoğlu, Gulnur Mertoglu Elmas, D. Oral, A. Gölcü, Ayşe Daut Özdemir","doi":"10.22146/ijc.79477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.79477","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Genista L. (Family: Fabaceae) is a plant having several traditional uses for treating common ailments such as diabetes, ulcer, and respiratory diseases. In this current study, the composition of essential oil and the biological activities of Genista sagittalis L. (Fabaceae) from Kocaeli: Yuvacık Dam Basin have been studied. A total of fourteen components were identified in the essential oil. The identified compounds belonged to straight-chain alkane, aromatic ether, and terpenoid derivatives. The antibacterial activity analyses demonstrated that G. sagittalis flower extract only had low activity against P. mirabilis and P. aeruginosa with MICs 1 to 2 mg/mL, as the peduncle extract showed strong anti-QS activity at 1.3 mg/mL. To the best of our knowledge, the current work is the first to report the antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing activity of G. sagittalis growing in Turkey. Double-stranded DNA binding affinity investigations of the flower and peduncle ethanol extracts indicate that there are interactions with double-stranded DNA and related binding constants (Kb) were found as 1.97×103±0.37 and 3.68×102±0.44 for the flower and peduncle extract, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13515,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48228005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Suharyadi, M. Syauqi, Prita Amelia, Y. Yunita, J. Gunlazuardi
Ammonia is commonly synthesized through the Haber-Bosch process, which produces large amounts of CO2 emissions as it is carried out at extreme temperatures and pressures. An alternative technology is needed to synthesize ammonia which consumes less energy and is environmentally friendly. In this research, a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Photoelectrochemical tandem system (DSSC-PEC) was developed for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) into ammonia. PEC cells utilized BiVO4/TiO2 Nanotube (BiVO4/TiO2NT) as a photoanode for water oxidation. BiVO4/TiO2NT was synthesized by the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) with the cycles variation of 10, 15, and 20 cycles. The optimization method for 20 cycles (20s) gave the highest photocurrent of 0.352 mA/cm2. As a cathode where the nitrogen reduction reaction to ammonia takes place, Ti3+/TiO2NT was used. DSSC based on TiO2NT/N719 with an efficiency of 1.13% was used as an energy booster in the reaction. Using this system with an electrodes area of 3 cm2, under visible light irradiation on photoanode and DSSC while dark at the cathode, the rate of ammonia production, analyzed using the phenate method was 0.022 µmol.h−1.cm−2 with solar to chemical conversion (SCC) efficiency of 0.003%.
{"title":"Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Photoelectrochemical Tandem System Performance Study: TiO2 Nanotube/N719, BiVO4/TiO2 Nanotube, Ti3+/TiO2 Nanotube for Nitrogen Reduction Reaction to Ammonia","authors":"S. Suharyadi, M. Syauqi, Prita Amelia, Y. Yunita, J. Gunlazuardi","doi":"10.22146/ijc.76270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.76270","url":null,"abstract":"Ammonia is commonly synthesized through the Haber-Bosch process, which produces large amounts of CO2 emissions as it is carried out at extreme temperatures and pressures. An alternative technology is needed to synthesize ammonia which consumes less energy and is environmentally friendly. In this research, a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Photoelectrochemical tandem system (DSSC-PEC) was developed for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) into ammonia. PEC cells utilized BiVO4/TiO2 Nanotube (BiVO4/TiO2NT) as a photoanode for water oxidation. BiVO4/TiO2NT was synthesized by the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) with the cycles variation of 10, 15, and 20 cycles. The optimization method for 20 cycles (20s) gave the highest photocurrent of 0.352 mA/cm2. As a cathode where the nitrogen reduction reaction to ammonia takes place, Ti3+/TiO2NT was used. DSSC based on TiO2NT/N719 with an efficiency of 1.13% was used as an energy booster in the reaction. Using this system with an electrodes area of 3 cm2, under visible light irradiation on photoanode and DSSC while dark at the cathode, the rate of ammonia production, analyzed using the phenate method was 0.022 µmol.h−1.cm−2 with solar to chemical conversion (SCC) efficiency of 0.003%.","PeriodicalId":13515,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43384722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuliet Yuliet, A. Widodo, Khilda Khaerati, Joni Tandi
Hantap (Sterculia coccinea Jack) has been used traditionally for various health issues, including cancer treatment. The therapeutic effects of natural ingredients are often attributed to their chemical constituents. This study aimed to analyze the phytochemical contents and cytotoxic activities of S. coccinea leaves on HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. The quantitative phytochemical analysis was carried out following standard laboratory procedures. Phytochemical compounds were identified using LC-MS/MS QTOF. The MTT assay PrestoBlue™ Cell Viability Reagent test method was used to test cytotoxic activity in the cell culture. Extraction was carried out by the maceration method using 96% ethanol as solvent. The quantitative analysis revealed that tannins were the major phytochemical constituent in the highest percentage of 72.16%, followed by alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids, with values of 30.80, 28.66, and 2.85%, respectively. Saponins were present in the lowest percentage of 1.15%. The ethanolic extract exhibited moderate cytotoxicity on HeLa and MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 591.00 and 578.10 µg/mL, respectively. Identification using LC-MS/MS showed the suspected compounds 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)chromone as homoisoflavanones and kaempferide-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside from flavonol triglycosides. These results may contribute to the study on the use of leaves extract of S. coccinea for developing a chemoprevention agent.
{"title":"Phytochemical Analysis and Cytotoxic Activities of Hantap Leaves (Sterculia coccinea Jack) Extract","authors":"Yuliet Yuliet, A. Widodo, Khilda Khaerati, Joni Tandi","doi":"10.22146/ijc.79362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.79362","url":null,"abstract":"Hantap (Sterculia coccinea Jack) has been used traditionally for various health issues, including cancer treatment. The therapeutic effects of natural ingredients are often attributed to their chemical constituents. This study aimed to analyze the phytochemical contents and cytotoxic activities of S. coccinea leaves on HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. The quantitative phytochemical analysis was carried out following standard laboratory procedures. Phytochemical compounds were identified using LC-MS/MS QTOF. The MTT assay PrestoBlue™ Cell Viability Reagent test method was used to test cytotoxic activity in the cell culture. Extraction was carried out by the maceration method using 96% ethanol as solvent. The quantitative analysis revealed that tannins were the major phytochemical constituent in the highest percentage of 72.16%, followed by alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids, with values of 30.80, 28.66, and 2.85%, respectively. Saponins were present in the lowest percentage of 1.15%. The ethanolic extract exhibited moderate cytotoxicity on HeLa and MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 591.00 and 578.10 µg/mL, respectively. Identification using LC-MS/MS showed the suspected compounds 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)chromone as homoisoflavanones and kaempferide-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside from flavonol triglycosides. These results may contribute to the study on the use of leaves extract of S. coccinea for developing a chemoprevention agent.","PeriodicalId":13515,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42020941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Synthesis of three Schiff bases of 5-bromo-3-nitro salicylaldehyde containing different sulfonamide group antibiotic compounds and their Cu(II) complexes was carried out. Structures of all compounds were characterized with spectroscopic methods, including Fourier transform infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and elemental analysis. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of ligands and complexes against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and the yeast Candida albicans was evaluated. It was determined that the ligand and complexes showed outstanding antimicrobial activity against almost all of the microorganisms tested. It has been observed that the newly synthesized complexes have more antimicrobial effects than the corresponding ligands. It has been determined that the newly synthesized complexes have more antimicrobial effects than the others (E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and C. albicans), especially on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial and Time Killing Activities of New Sulfa-Derived Schiff Bases Coordinated with Cu(II)","authors":"Ö. İdil, H. Şahal, E. Canpolat, M. Özkan","doi":"10.22146/ijc.83873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.83873","url":null,"abstract":"Synthesis of three Schiff bases of 5-bromo-3-nitro salicylaldehyde containing different sulfonamide group antibiotic compounds and their Cu(II) complexes was carried out. Structures of all compounds were characterized with spectroscopic methods, including Fourier transform infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and elemental analysis. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of ligands and complexes against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and the yeast Candida albicans was evaluated. It was determined that the ligand and complexes showed outstanding antimicrobial activity against almost all of the microorganisms tested. It has been observed that the newly synthesized complexes have more antimicrobial effects than the corresponding ligands. It has been determined that the newly synthesized complexes have more antimicrobial effects than the others (E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and C. albicans), especially on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.","PeriodicalId":13515,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46938679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wiyarat Kumutanat, Sakchai Hongthong, Sariyarach Thanasansurapong, Naowarat Kongkum, N. Chumnanvej
Mammea siamensis (Miq.) T. Anders. (Calophyllaceae) plants have long been employed as an active integral composition in Thai traditional medicine. Additionally, phenylcoumarins and triterpenes were reported as major components in phytochemical research. This work explored the various parts of M. siamensis; barks, flowers, twigs, leaves, and young leaves; to determine their bioactive compounds. By using the GC-MS and bioassay guidance, two xanthones, 6-deoxyisojacareubin (1) and 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (2), together with a mixture of phenylcoumarins, mammea A/AA cyclo D (3) and mammea A/AB cyclo D (4) have been isolated from the methanolic extract of young leaves. Their structures were identified by means of spectroscopic technique and by comparison with literature data. In particular, the current study was the first exposed report of xanthones 1 and 2 from the genus Mammea. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 and the methanolic young leaf extract had high antioxidant efficiency on DPPH and ABTS assays. The young leaf extract provided mild toxicity on the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) with LC50 value of 93.11 ± 1.37 µg/mL. In addition, the isolated compounds 1 and 2 were non-toxicity in BSLT assay. Therefore, the young leaf extract and the purified constituents 1 and 2 should be further studied and developed for using in pharmaceutical industries.
siamensis (Miq.)t·安德斯。(Calophyllaceae)植物长期以来一直被用作泰国传统医学的有效组成部分。此外，苯香豆素和三萜是植物化学研究的主要成分。这项工作探索了暹罗分枝杆菌的各个部分;树皮、花朵、细枝、树叶和嫩叶;测定其生物活性成分。采用气相色谱-质谱联用和生物测定指导，从幼叶甲醇提取物中分离得到了6-脱氧异jacaareubin(1)和1,5-二羟基黄酮(2)两种口山酮，以及苯基香豆素mammea a /AA cyclo D(3)和mammea a /AB cyclo D(4)的混合物。通过光谱技术和文献资料的比较，鉴定了它们的结构。值得一提的是，本研究首次报道了取自奶妈属的山酮1和山酮2。此外，化合物1、2和甲醇幼叶提取物在DPPH和ABTS试验中具有较高的抗氧化活性。幼叶提取物在盐水对虾致死试验(BSLT)中呈轻度毒性，LC50值为93.11±1.37µg/mL。此外，分离得到的化合物1和2在BSLT试验中均无毒性。因此，幼叶提取物和纯化的成分1和2应进一步研究和开发用于制药工业。
{"title":"GC-MS and Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Xanthones from Mammea siamensis","authors":"Wiyarat Kumutanat, Sakchai Hongthong, Sariyarach Thanasansurapong, Naowarat Kongkum, N. Chumnanvej","doi":"10.22146/ijc.79987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.79987","url":null,"abstract":"Mammea siamensis (Miq.) T. Anders. (Calophyllaceae) plants have long been employed as an active integral composition in Thai traditional medicine. Additionally, phenylcoumarins and triterpenes were reported as major components in phytochemical research. This work explored the various parts of M. siamensis; barks, flowers, twigs, leaves, and young leaves; to determine their bioactive compounds. By using the GC-MS and bioassay guidance, two xanthones, 6-deoxyisojacareubin (1) and 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (2), together with a mixture of phenylcoumarins, mammea A/AA cyclo D (3) and mammea A/AB cyclo D (4) have been isolated from the methanolic extract of young leaves. Their structures were identified by means of spectroscopic technique and by comparison with literature data. In particular, the current study was the first exposed report of xanthones 1 and 2 from the genus Mammea. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 and the methanolic young leaf extract had high antioxidant efficiency on DPPH and ABTS assays. The young leaf extract provided mild toxicity on the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) with LC50 value of 93.11 ± 1.37 µg/mL. In addition, the isolated compounds 1 and 2 were non-toxicity in BSLT assay. Therefore, the young leaf extract and the purified constituents 1 and 2 should be further studied and developed for using in pharmaceutical industries.","PeriodicalId":13515,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44133708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Putri, Ahyar Ahmad, I. Raya, R. Tjahjanto, R. Irfandi, H. Karim, S. Desa, A. Rahman
This study was conducted to determine the role of thermal treatment on the crystallinity and pore characteristics of porous ceramic, which was prepared from natural clay (NC) and chitosan (CS) biopolymer using the gel casting method. CS was used as an environmentally friendly pore-forming agent. The applied temperature treatment was based on thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) results and followed a sintering temperature of 900 to 1100 °C. The results showed that at sintering temperatures from 900 to 1000 °C, the crystallinities of the ceramic decrease (from 76.06 to 74.06%) and the crystallite size decreases (from 35.71 to 34.47 nm) while the lattice strain increases (calculated from the Full Width at Half Maximum (β) of the diffraction peak). The highest porosity of ceramic occurred at a sintering temperature of 1000 °C of 37.82 ± 0.19, but the formation of heterogeneous microstructure was observed. The resulting pore size for all temperature treatments was almost mesoporous (19.1 Å). Based on the results obtained, it is emphasized that the sintering temperature can be used to adjust the porosity and microstructure of porous ceramics.
{"title":"The Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Characteristics of Porous Ceramic-Based Natural Clay and Chitosan Biopolymer Precursors","authors":"S. Putri, Ahyar Ahmad, I. Raya, R. Tjahjanto, R. Irfandi, H. Karim, S. Desa, A. Rahman","doi":"10.22146/ijc.80375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.80375","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the role of thermal treatment on the crystallinity and pore characteristics of porous ceramic, which was prepared from natural clay (NC) and chitosan (CS) biopolymer using the gel casting method. CS was used as an environmentally friendly pore-forming agent. The applied temperature treatment was based on thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) results and followed a sintering temperature of 900 to 1100 °C. The results showed that at sintering temperatures from 900 to 1000 °C, the crystallinities of the ceramic decrease (from 76.06 to 74.06%) and the crystallite size decreases (from 35.71 to 34.47 nm) while the lattice strain increases (calculated from the Full Width at Half Maximum (β) of the diffraction peak). The highest porosity of ceramic occurred at a sintering temperature of 1000 °C of 37.82 ± 0.19, but the formation of heterogeneous microstructure was observed. The resulting pore size for all temperature treatments was almost mesoporous (19.1 Å). Based on the results obtained, it is emphasized that the sintering temperature can be used to adjust the porosity and microstructure of porous ceramics.","PeriodicalId":13515,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47335002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shireen Abdulmohsin Azeez, Fadhela Muhammad Hussein, Rasha Wali Mohi Alsaedi
The adsorption of Cibacron Brilliant Yellow (CBY) 3-GP dye onto TiO2 Degussa, Fe2O3, and TiO2 anatase/Diphenylcarbizide in aqueous solution was studied with respect to temperature, contact time, and pH. The CBY 3-GP adsorption at equilibrium increased as the initial dye concentration increased for TiO2/DPC, while it decreased for TiO2 Degussa; however, it increased the initial dye concentration. The best removal efficiency was obtained at 1 mg for TiO2/DPC, TiO2 Degussa, and the amount of adsorption decreases with the rising of temperature. The negative ΔH° reveals the adsorption is exothermic and extremely negative ΔS° for TiO2 Degussa. The negative value for ΔS° indicates a regular increase of the randomness at the TiO2/DPC and Fe2O3 solution interface during adsorption. The intraparticle diffusion, pseudo-first- and second-order kinetic models were used. The Langmuir, Temkin, Freundlich, and Dubbin adsorption models were examined to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The usage of TiO2 Degussa and TiO2/DPC indicates that the equilibrium sorption was favorable.
{"title":"Adsorption Isotherms for CBY 3G-P Dye Removal from Aqueous Media Using TiO2 Degussa, Fe2O3, and TiO2/(DPC)","authors":"Shireen Abdulmohsin Azeez, Fadhela Muhammad Hussein, Rasha Wali Mohi Alsaedi","doi":"10.22146/ijc.79706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.79706","url":null,"abstract":"The adsorption of Cibacron Brilliant Yellow (CBY) 3-GP dye onto TiO2 Degussa, Fe2O3, and TiO2 anatase/Diphenylcarbizide in aqueous solution was studied with respect to temperature, contact time, and pH. The CBY 3-GP adsorption at equilibrium increased as the initial dye concentration increased for TiO2/DPC, while it decreased for TiO2 Degussa; however, it increased the initial dye concentration. The best removal efficiency was obtained at 1 mg for TiO2/DPC, TiO2 Degussa, and the amount of adsorption decreases with the rising of temperature. The negative ΔH° reveals the adsorption is exothermic and extremely negative ΔS° for TiO2 Degussa. The negative value for ΔS° indicates a regular increase of the randomness at the TiO2/DPC and Fe2O3 solution interface during adsorption. The intraparticle diffusion, pseudo-first- and second-order kinetic models were used. The Langmuir, Temkin, Freundlich, and Dubbin adsorption models were examined to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The usage of TiO2 Degussa and TiO2/DPC indicates that the equilibrium sorption was favorable.","PeriodicalId":13515,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41863599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One in every three people in the world still lacks access to clean drinking water. Aside from microbiological pollution, high fluoride content in drinking water is one of the most serious problems in African countries. This study aimed to contribute to the availability of clean water by developing a point-of-use drinking water purifier using an aluminum oxide-based flocculent-disinfectant composite. Batch experiments were conducted to determine factors affecting fluoride removal efficiency (FRE) and E. coli log reduction efficiency. AO of 75 mg/L, 800 mg/L alum, lime (35% alum dose), and 1.5 mg/L Ca(OCl)₂ doses achieved 95% FRE and 5 log10 reductions of E. coli using 15 mg/L as initial fluoride concentration ([F−]0), and 105 CFU/100 mL E. coli concentration. [F−]0 affected FRE but showed no effect on E. coli log reduction. The optimum pH of the solution for both FRE and E. coli log reduction was found to be in the range of 4–8. Three prototypes in powder form were developed. The prototypes were tested on real water samples from the Ethiopian Rift Valley, and the results were found to be within the drinking water standards, thus indicating the capability of the developed products to purify contaminated water for human consumption.
{"title":"Development of a Point-of-Use Drinking Water Purifier Using Aluminum Oxide-Based Flocculent-Disinfectant Composite","authors":"Patricia Nemate, F. Zewge, Eyobel Mulugeta","doi":"10.22146/ijc.79024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.79024","url":null,"abstract":"One in every three people in the world still lacks access to clean drinking water. Aside from microbiological pollution, high fluoride content in drinking water is one of the most serious problems in African countries. This study aimed to contribute to the availability of clean water by developing a point-of-use drinking water purifier using an aluminum oxide-based flocculent-disinfectant composite. Batch experiments were conducted to determine factors affecting fluoride removal efficiency (FRE) and E. coli log reduction efficiency. AO of 75 mg/L, 800 mg/L alum, lime (35% alum dose), and 1.5 mg/L Ca(OCl)₂ doses achieved 95% FRE and 5 log10 reductions of E. coli using 15 mg/L as initial fluoride concentration ([F−]0), and 105 CFU/100 mL E. coli concentration. [F−]0 affected FRE but showed no effect on E. coli log reduction. The optimum pH of the solution for both FRE and E. coli log reduction was found to be in the range of 4–8. Three prototypes in powder form were developed. The prototypes were tested on real water samples from the Ethiopian Rift Valley, and the results were found to be within the drinking water standards, thus indicating the capability of the developed products to purify contaminated water for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":13515,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49073388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Composites of manganese and nitrogen-codoped zirconium titanate (Mn,N-codoped ZrTiO4) had been synthesized by the sol-gel method as a visible-light responsive photocatalyst for the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB). Synthesis was conducted at 25 °C using titanium(IV) isopropoxide, zirconium oxide, urea, and manganese(II) chloride. Mn,N-codoped ZrTiO4 containing fixed 10% nitrogen dopant (wN/wTi) with various Mn dopant contents (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% wMn/wTi) and calcination temperatures (500, 700, and 900 °C) had been investigated. All of the Mn,N-codoped ZrTiO4 exhibit a band gap within the visible range (2.51 to 2.74 eV). Photodegradation of MB was performed under visible light illumination for 120 min. The highest activity was achieved up to 7.7 µg L−1 min−1, which was obtained from Mn,N-codoped ZrTiO4 calcined at 500 °C containing 6% Mn and 10% N dopants.
{"title":"Visible-Light-Induced Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Using Mn,N-codoped ZrTiO4 as Photocatalyst","authors":"A. Syoufian, Rian Kurniawan","doi":"10.22146/ijc.79261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.79261","url":null,"abstract":"Composites of manganese and nitrogen-codoped zirconium titanate (Mn,N-codoped ZrTiO4) had been synthesized by the sol-gel method as a visible-light responsive photocatalyst for the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB). Synthesis was conducted at 25 °C using titanium(IV) isopropoxide, zirconium oxide, urea, and manganese(II) chloride. Mn,N-codoped ZrTiO4 containing fixed 10% nitrogen dopant (wN/wTi) with various Mn dopant contents (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% wMn/wTi) and calcination temperatures (500, 700, and 900 °C) had been investigated. All of the Mn,N-codoped ZrTiO4 exhibit a band gap within the visible range (2.51 to 2.74 eV). Photodegradation of MB was performed under visible light illumination for 120 min. The highest activity was achieved up to 7.7 µg L−1 min−1, which was obtained from Mn,N-codoped ZrTiO4 calcined at 500 °C containing 6% Mn and 10% N dopants.","PeriodicalId":13515,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47155097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We described the biological activity of the Clerodendrum paniculatum leaf fraction against the SARS-CoV-2 3-Chymotrypsin-like 3CL protease at the molecular level. This study applied LC-MS/MS to identify bioactive compounds from fractions, computational studies, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays to ascertain their inhibitory activity. LC-MS/MS analysis of the three samples revealed that sample 1 contained 18 compound peaks. In samples 2 and 3, there were 23 and 25 compounds with different molecular weights, respectively. Docking's study identified that the alkaloids (komarovicine and roemerine) have lower binding energies than other metabolites and standard compounds, with values of -33.47 and -32.63 kJ/mol, respectively. Roemerine demonstrated excellent stability based on dynamic simulation results and confirmed its affinity for 3CL protease predicted by the MM-PBSA approach of -89.44 kJ/mol. The FRET method for testing 3CL protease activity revealed that sample 2 had an enzyme inhibitory activity of 94.3%, which was close to that of GC376 (98.19%). Meanwhile, samples 1 and 3 yielded satisfactory inhibition activity by 89.64% and 85.24%, respectively. The antiviral activity of C. paniculatum leaves was discovered for the first time by inhibiting the 3CL protease SARS-CoV-2, providing an excellent opportunity for its development as an anti-SARS-CoV-2.
{"title":"The Potential of Clerodendrum paniculatum Leaves Fraction as a 3-Chymotrypsin-Like (3CL) Protease Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2","authors":"M. Arba, A. Arfan, Yamin Yamin, M. Zubair","doi":"10.22146/ijc.81447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.81447","url":null,"abstract":"We described the biological activity of the Clerodendrum paniculatum leaf fraction against the SARS-CoV-2 3-Chymotrypsin-like 3CL protease at the molecular level. This study applied LC-MS/MS to identify bioactive compounds from fractions, computational studies, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays to ascertain their inhibitory activity. LC-MS/MS analysis of the three samples revealed that sample 1 contained 18 compound peaks. In samples 2 and 3, there were 23 and 25 compounds with different molecular weights, respectively. Docking's study identified that the alkaloids (komarovicine and roemerine) have lower binding energies than other metabolites and standard compounds, with values of -33.47 and -32.63 kJ/mol, respectively. Roemerine demonstrated excellent stability based on dynamic simulation results and confirmed its affinity for 3CL protease predicted by the MM-PBSA approach of -89.44 kJ/mol. The FRET method for testing 3CL protease activity revealed that sample 2 had an enzyme inhibitory activity of 94.3%, which was close to that of GC376 (98.19%). Meanwhile, samples 1 and 3 yielded satisfactory inhibition activity by 89.64% and 85.24%, respectively. The antiviral activity of C. paniculatum leaves was discovered for the first time by inhibiting the 3CL protease SARS-CoV-2, providing an excellent opportunity for its development as an anti-SARS-CoV-2.","PeriodicalId":13515,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42925767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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