Background: Vitiligo is a chronic acquired, stigmatizing disease characterized by discoloration of skin and mucous membranes. Patients suffering from this condition suffer from a lack of confidence and psychological stress. Aim: To assess depression, anxiety, and social anxiety among patients suffering from vitiligo. Material and Method: This hospital-based cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study was carried out in a tertiary care center on 100 patients suffering from vitiligo, who were consecutively enrolled after informed consent from the outpatient department (OPD) of the dermatology department. Permission was obtained from the institutional ethics committee Diagnosis of vitiligo was made by two consultants from the department of dermatology. Sociodemographic variables were recorded in the sociodemographic form. The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) was applied to all 100 patients. Patients who scored >3 on GHQ-12 were further subjected to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), and Social Interaction Anxiety Scale. Results were statistically analyzed on SPSS-22.0 (IBM, Armonk, USA). Results: Of all the patients, 55% (n = 55) had a GHQ score >3 (i.e., Psychiatric morbidity was present in 55% of patients.). Out of 50 patients in the age group of 18–25 years, 41 patients in the age groups of 26–35 years, and 9 patients in the age groups of 36–45 years, 22 (44%), 17 (42.1%), and 6 patients had psychiatric morbidity, respectively. Of the total number of patients, 46% had depression according to the HAM-D scale. Of all the patients, 18% had mild, 22% had moderate, and 6% had severe depression. Age-wise analysis showed that out of 50 patients in the age group of 18–25 years, 41 patients in the age group of 26–35 years, and 9 patients in the age group of 36–45 years, 22 (44%), 20 (48.7%), and 4 patients had depression, respectively. Of the patients who had depression, 39% were male and 58% were female. On HAM-A, 47% of the patients had anxiety; 33% had mild, 12% had moderate, and 2% had severe anxiety. Age-wise analysis showed that out of 50 patients in the age group of 18–25, 41 patients in the age group of 26–35 years, and 9 patients in the age group of 36–45 years, 20 (40%), 23 (56.1%), and 3 patients had anxiety, respectively. On SIAS, 36% of the patients had social anxiety. Out of 50 patients in the age group of 18–25 years, 41 patients in the age group of 26–35 years, and 9 patients in the age group of 36–45 years, 23 (46%), 9 (7.8%) and 4 patients had social anxiety, respectively. According to gender-wise distribution, 17% of male and 63% of female patients had social anxiety. Conclusion: A high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and social anxiety has been observed in this present study. Therefore, importance should be given to psychiatric evaluation of such patients and, if required, necessary interventions should be undertaken to improve their quality of life.
{"title":"Psychiatric morbidity among patients suffering from Vitiligo","authors":"Sandeep Kapur, Ekram Goyal, Ajay Kumar, Alka Puria, Richa Raj","doi":"10.4103/ipj.ipj_220_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_220_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vitiligo is a chronic acquired, stigmatizing disease characterized by discoloration of skin and mucous membranes. Patients suffering from this condition suffer from a lack of confidence and psychological stress. Aim: To assess depression, anxiety, and social anxiety among patients suffering from vitiligo. Material and Method: This hospital-based cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study was carried out in a tertiary care center on 100 patients suffering from vitiligo, who were consecutively enrolled after informed consent from the outpatient department (OPD) of the dermatology department. Permission was obtained from the institutional ethics committee Diagnosis of vitiligo was made by two consultants from the department of dermatology. Sociodemographic variables were recorded in the sociodemographic form. The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) was applied to all 100 patients. Patients who scored >3 on GHQ-12 were further subjected to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), and Social Interaction Anxiety Scale. Results were statistically analyzed on SPSS-22.0 (IBM, Armonk, USA). Results: Of all the patients, 55% (n = 55) had a GHQ score >3 (i.e., Psychiatric morbidity was present in 55% of patients.). Out of 50 patients in the age group of 18–25 years, 41 patients in the age groups of 26–35 years, and 9 patients in the age groups of 36–45 years, 22 (44%), 17 (42.1%), and 6 patients had psychiatric morbidity, respectively. Of the total number of patients, 46% had depression according to the HAM-D scale. Of all the patients, 18% had mild, 22% had moderate, and 6% had severe depression. Age-wise analysis showed that out of 50 patients in the age group of 18–25 years, 41 patients in the age group of 26–35 years, and 9 patients in the age group of 36–45 years, 22 (44%), 20 (48.7%), and 4 patients had depression, respectively. Of the patients who had depression, 39% were male and 58% were female. On HAM-A, 47% of the patients had anxiety; 33% had mild, 12% had moderate, and 2% had severe anxiety. Age-wise analysis showed that out of 50 patients in the age group of 18–25, 41 patients in the age group of 26–35 years, and 9 patients in the age group of 36–45 years, 20 (40%), 23 (56.1%), and 3 patients had anxiety, respectively. On SIAS, 36% of the patients had social anxiety. Out of 50 patients in the age group of 18–25 years, 41 patients in the age group of 26–35 years, and 9 patients in the age group of 36–45 years, 23 (46%), 9 (7.8%) and 4 patients had social anxiety, respectively. According to gender-wise distribution, 17% of male and 63% of female patients had social anxiety. Conclusion: A high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and social anxiety has been observed in this present study. Therefore, importance should be given to psychiatric evaluation of such patients and, if required, necessary interventions should be undertaken to improve their quality of life.","PeriodicalId":13534,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139295211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Alcohol and cigarette usage are major public health issues that particularly affect young people worldwide. Because most users begin using these drugs well before the age of 18, there are significant psychosocial and health consequences. This study seeks to identify the incidence of underage drinking and smoking in northern India and the multiple risk factors associated with this exposure. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents (13–18 years) from Northern India, to assess their knowledge, attitude, and practice of usage of alcohol and tobacco. The study was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire for interview purposes and analyzed via Epi Info version 7. Results: The mean age of the participants was 16.15 (1.34) years, of which 65.74% are males and 34.26% are females. 18.25% of students stay in a hostel. Of 108 participants, about 24.07% of students have tried their first cigarette before 18 years of age. 28.70% of students have people in their homes, and 41.67% have friends who use tobacco. Among the 108 respondents, 26.85% of students have tried or used alcohol before 18 years of age. Conclusion: It is crucial to create preventive techniques to lessen tobacco use in light of the significant negative health effects that come along with tobacco addiction. Spreading awareness among at-risk children and adolescents by limiting advertising and promotional efforts, early user detection and treatment are all examples of preventive techniques.
{"title":"Tobacco and alcohol use among adolescents in Northern India","authors":"Sadhana Lakhute, Hetal K Rathod, Suman Ray, Tanvi Lijhara, Kshitij Anand Agarwal, Kajal Srivastava","doi":"10.4103/ipj.ipj_200_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_200_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Alcohol and cigarette usage are major public health issues that particularly affect young people worldwide. Because most users begin using these drugs well before the age of 18, there are significant psychosocial and health consequences. This study seeks to identify the incidence of underage drinking and smoking in northern India and the multiple risk factors associated with this exposure. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents (13–18 years) from Northern India, to assess their knowledge, attitude, and practice of usage of alcohol and tobacco. The study was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire for interview purposes and analyzed via Epi Info version 7. Results: The mean age of the participants was 16.15 (1.34) years, of which 65.74% are males and 34.26% are females. 18.25% of students stay in a hostel. Of 108 participants, about 24.07% of students have tried their first cigarette before 18 years of age. 28.70% of students have people in their homes, and 41.67% have friends who use tobacco. Among the 108 respondents, 26.85% of students have tried or used alcohol before 18 years of age. Conclusion: It is crucial to create preventive techniques to lessen tobacco use in light of the significant negative health effects that come along with tobacco addiction. Spreading awareness among at-risk children and adolescents by limiting advertising and promotional efforts, early user detection and treatment are all examples of preventive techniques.","PeriodicalId":13534,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139299727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: There is a widespread gap among medical professionals about transgender, and it needs to be addressed through proper educational intervention to inculcate positive attitudes toward transgender people. Aim: This study aimed to assess the attitude of medical undergraduate students toward transgender and change thereafter by educational intervention. Materials and Methods: A total of 169 final-year undergraduate students (aged 22–25 years; 50.3% males; all having heterosexual orientation) were assessed for their attitudes toward transgender people using the Genderism and Transphobia Scale (GTS) and Attitude toward Transgender Individuals Scale (ATTIS). Subsequently, an educational intervention was conducted. The attitude scores were again evaluated immediately and after one month of post-intervention. A paired t-test, independent-samples t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the data. Results: Mean ATTIS and GTS scores before intervention were 67.02 ± 9.20 and 80.84 ± 26.07, respectively. After the educational intervention, these scores were 79.27 ± 7.18 and 63.20 ± 12.11, respectively, thus showing a significant change in both scores. The change in GTS score was significantly higher in males than in females (P < 0.001) and in urban than in rural residents (P = 0.017). No significant association of demographic factors was observed concerning the change in ATTIS scores. On evaluating the recall value, no significant decline in GTS or ATTIS scores was observed following a one month of interval. Conclusion: There is a need to positively reinforce these changes brought about by educational intervention in the attitude of undergraduate medical students toward transgender people. Such cognitive gains are achievable in developing a humanistic society.
{"title":"The attitude of medical undergraduate students from North India toward transgender and change thereafter by educational intervention","authors":"Harshdeep Kaur, Rajnish Raj, Namita Sharma, Jaskaran Singh, Ekram Goyal","doi":"10.4103/ipj.ipj_194_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_194_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is a widespread gap among medical professionals about transgender, and it needs to be addressed through proper educational intervention to inculcate positive attitudes toward transgender people. Aim: This study aimed to assess the attitude of medical undergraduate students toward transgender and change thereafter by educational intervention. Materials and Methods: A total of 169 final-year undergraduate students (aged 22–25 years; 50.3% males; all having heterosexual orientation) were assessed for their attitudes toward transgender people using the Genderism and Transphobia Scale (GTS) and Attitude toward Transgender Individuals Scale (ATTIS). Subsequently, an educational intervention was conducted. The attitude scores were again evaluated immediately and after one month of post-intervention. A paired t-test, independent-samples t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the data. Results: Mean ATTIS and GTS scores before intervention were 67.02 ± 9.20 and 80.84 ± 26.07, respectively. After the educational intervention, these scores were 79.27 ± 7.18 and 63.20 ± 12.11, respectively, thus showing a significant change in both scores. The change in GTS score was significantly higher in males than in females (P < 0.001) and in urban than in rural residents (P = 0.017). No significant association of demographic factors was observed concerning the change in ATTIS scores. On evaluating the recall value, no significant decline in GTS or ATTIS scores was observed following a one month of interval. Conclusion: There is a need to positively reinforce these changes brought about by educational intervention in the attitude of undergraduate medical students toward transgender people. Such cognitive gains are achievable in developing a humanistic society.","PeriodicalId":13534,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139303065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Chauhan, Markanday Sharma, K. Chatterjee, J. Prakash, K. Srivastava, Suprakash Chaudhury
Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) is a major psychiatric illness impairing the quality of life. The etiology of BPAD is influenced by different factors possibly related to gene-environment interactions. Approximately 30% to 50% of individuals with BPAD have experienced some traumatic event in childhood. Serious adverse experiences that children may suffer early in life are often described as childhood trauma (CT). It includes physical, emotional, and sexual abuse and physical and emotional neglect. CT is linked with an elevated risk of developing BPAD. Childhood adversities play a role in modulating the early onset of illness, increased number of depressive episodes, increased suicide attempts, and other clinical severity of BPAD. Hospital-based studies comprising heterogeneous populations had researched the specific role of each trauma subtype as a predisposing factor for BPAD. Identifying and addressing CT through early intervention methods may prevent the future development of chronic disorders like BPAD. This review article is an attempt to explore and highlight the existing literature regarding the association of different subtypes of CT with BPAD.
{"title":"Childhood trauma and bipolar affective disorder: Is there a linkage?","authors":"V. Chauhan, Markanday Sharma, K. Chatterjee, J. Prakash, K. Srivastava, Suprakash Chaudhury","doi":"10.4103/ipj.ipj_206_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_206_23","url":null,"abstract":"Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) is a major psychiatric illness impairing the quality of life. The etiology of BPAD is influenced by different factors possibly related to gene-environment interactions. Approximately 30% to 50% of individuals with BPAD have experienced some traumatic event in childhood. Serious adverse experiences that children may suffer early in life are often described as childhood trauma (CT). It includes physical, emotional, and sexual abuse and physical and emotional neglect. CT is linked with an elevated risk of developing BPAD. Childhood adversities play a role in modulating the early onset of illness, increased number of depressive episodes, increased suicide attempts, and other clinical severity of BPAD. Hospital-based studies comprising heterogeneous populations had researched the specific role of each trauma subtype as a predisposing factor for BPAD. Identifying and addressing CT through early intervention methods may prevent the future development of chronic disorders like BPAD. This review article is an attempt to explore and highlight the existing literature regarding the association of different subtypes of CT with BPAD.","PeriodicalId":13534,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139305077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reeva Sorathiya, Anup Bharati, Ayushree Patil, S. Gorade
Background: People across cultures have had negative stereotypes, prejudice, and discriminatory attitudes toward the LGBTQ community for many years. Unfortunately, this perception exists within the medical fraternity as well, which in turn has a negative impact on the provision of healthcare facilities to individuals. Change in awareness and perception of LGBTQ among medical undergraduate students may remedy the situation. Aim: To find out the knowledge, attitude, and perception of medical graduates toward the LGBTQ community. Materials and Methods: The study is a cross-sectional observation study and was designed as an online survey using stratified random sampling incorporating the questions from California State University, Northridge (CSUN) questionnaire, Acceptance of Homosexuals (AHO), Homosexuality Attitude Scale (HAS), and relevant sociodemographic details. The data were collected using Google Forms for 3 months. Result: A total of 300 medical undergraduate students were included in the study. Around 87.6% (n = 263) of participants are comfortable having a friend with a homosexual orientation in their circle and 63% (n = 189) disagree that the acceptance of LGBTQ people has anything to do with the morality of our society. Conclusion: Although the overall knowledge and attitude of medical graduates toward LGBTQ is positive, a considerable percentage of students have negative attitudes. Despite the overwhelmingly accepting attitudes and perceptions, some individuals are slightly reluctant to interact comfortably with LGBTQ people. Medical students need to be trained to maintain a non-homophobic attitude.
{"title":"Study of knowledge, attitude, and perception toward LGBTQ people amongst medical students","authors":"Reeva Sorathiya, Anup Bharati, Ayushree Patil, S. Gorade","doi":"10.4103/ipj.ipj_219_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_219_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: People across cultures have had negative stereotypes, prejudice, and discriminatory attitudes toward the LGBTQ community for many years. Unfortunately, this perception exists within the medical fraternity as well, which in turn has a negative impact on the provision of healthcare facilities to individuals. Change in awareness and perception of LGBTQ among medical undergraduate students may remedy the situation. Aim: To find out the knowledge, attitude, and perception of medical graduates toward the LGBTQ community. Materials and Methods: The study is a cross-sectional observation study and was designed as an online survey using stratified random sampling incorporating the questions from California State University, Northridge (CSUN) questionnaire, Acceptance of Homosexuals (AHO), Homosexuality Attitude Scale (HAS), and relevant sociodemographic details. The data were collected using Google Forms for 3 months. Result: A total of 300 medical undergraduate students were included in the study. Around 87.6% (n = 263) of participants are comfortable having a friend with a homosexual orientation in their circle and 63% (n = 189) disagree that the acceptance of LGBTQ people has anything to do with the morality of our society. Conclusion: Although the overall knowledge and attitude of medical graduates toward LGBTQ is positive, a considerable percentage of students have negative attitudes. Despite the overwhelmingly accepting attitudes and perceptions, some individuals are slightly reluctant to interact comfortably with LGBTQ people. Medical students need to be trained to maintain a non-homophobic attitude.","PeriodicalId":13534,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139302037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In Asia, there are approximately 2.3 billion internet users. Addiction to internet gaming takes a multifaceted toll on an individual's physical and mental well-being, casting a long shadow over their daily endeavors and also their sleep cycle. Aim: To study the prevalence of internet gaming addiction and how it affects sleep quality in medical students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with a sample size (n = 112) in the Government Medical College, Datia (M.P.), and data were collected using a semi-structured proforma including the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale and Mini Sleep Questionnaire in the study population. Results: In the study population with age group 18–28 years (mean age: 21 ± 1.7 years), the majority of them belong to the Hindu religion (91.1%), nuclear family (66.1%), and urban community (75.9%). Most students (n = 74) had mild to moderate sleep difficulty related to internet gaming addiction, that is, 65.1%. The most common response was “sometimes” on the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale. A significant association was observed between gaming disorder and parameters of sleep mainly in waking up too early, daytime sleepiness, snoring, feeling tired, and headache upon waking up with gaming disorder. Conclusion: Among medical students, gaming addiction is significantly associated with poor sleep quality. Steps need to be taken to promote healthy internet use to improve sleep quality and mitigate negative effects to avoid long-term health impacts.
{"title":"Prevalence of internet gaming addiction and its association with sleep quality in medical students","authors":"Makhan Shakya, Rajesh Singh, Amrita Chauhan, Daisy Rure, Akshat Shrivastava","doi":"10.4103/ipj.ipj_236_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_236_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In Asia, there are approximately 2.3 billion internet users. Addiction to internet gaming takes a multifaceted toll on an individual's physical and mental well-being, casting a long shadow over their daily endeavors and also their sleep cycle. Aim: To study the prevalence of internet gaming addiction and how it affects sleep quality in medical students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with a sample size (n = 112) in the Government Medical College, Datia (M.P.), and data were collected using a semi-structured proforma including the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale and Mini Sleep Questionnaire in the study population. Results: In the study population with age group 18–28 years (mean age: 21 ± 1.7 years), the majority of them belong to the Hindu religion (91.1%), nuclear family (66.1%), and urban community (75.9%). Most students (n = 74) had mild to moderate sleep difficulty related to internet gaming addiction, that is, 65.1%. The most common response was “sometimes” on the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale. A significant association was observed between gaming disorder and parameters of sleep mainly in waking up too early, daytime sleepiness, snoring, feeling tired, and headache upon waking up with gaming disorder. Conclusion: Among medical students, gaming addiction is significantly associated with poor sleep quality. Steps need to be taken to promote healthy internet use to improve sleep quality and mitigate negative effects to avoid long-term health impacts.","PeriodicalId":13534,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139303350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Patients with anxiety disorder were showing severity of anxiety symptoms as well as poor quality of life. Guided imagery (GI) provides immediate relaxation, and improves the severity of anxiety symptoms and the quality of life of patients with anxiety disorder. Anxiety is a basic emotion that is required as a motivation for everyday work of life. Anxiety presents a complex cognitive, affective, physiological, and behavioral response that is related to future harm (real or perceived). Aim: To study the efficacy of GI intervention on patients with anxiety disorder and their quality of life. Materials and Methods: This longitudinal, interventional study was done in a state institute of mental health, psychiatric unit on 20 patients (outpatients) with anxiety disorder, diagnosed according to diagnostic criteria of research ICD-10 DCR. Patients were assessed using a sociodemographic and clinical data sheet, Hamilton anxiety scale, and World Health Organization QOL instrument, short-form (WHOQOL-BREF), Hindi version. Results: Patients with anxiety disorder in the experimental group improved as compared with the control group significantly. The mean QOL-BREF score was also improved after intervention in the intervention group. Conclusion: GI intervention helps reduce the severity of anxiety symptoms and improve the quality of life in patients with anxiety disorder.
背景焦虑症患者焦虑症状严重，生活质量低下。引导想象（GI）能让焦虑症患者立即放松，并改善焦虑症状的严重程度和生活质量。焦虑是一种基本情绪，是日常生活工作所需的动力。焦虑是一种复杂的认知、情感、生理和行为反应，与未来的伤害（真实的或感知到的）有关。目的：研究 GI 干预对焦虑症患者的疗效及其生活质量。材料与方法：这项纵向干预研究是在一家州立精神卫生研究所的精神科进行的，研究对象是 20 名焦虑症患者（门诊患者），根据 ICD-10 DCR 研究的诊断标准进行诊断。研究人员使用社会人口学和临床数据表、汉密尔顿焦虑量表和世界卫生组织 QOL 短式问卷（WHOQOL-BREF）印地语版对患者进行了评估。结果与对照组相比，实验组焦虑症患者的病情明显好转。干预后，干预组的 QOL-BREF 平均得分也有所提高。结论GI 干预有助于减轻焦虑症患者焦虑症状的严重程度并提高其生活质量。
{"title":"Guided imagery for anxiety disorder: Therapeutic efficacy and changes in quality of life","authors":"Dolly Kumari, J. Patil","doi":"10.4103/ipj.ipj_238_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_238_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients with anxiety disorder were showing severity of anxiety symptoms as well as poor quality of life. Guided imagery (GI) provides immediate relaxation, and improves the severity of anxiety symptoms and the quality of life of patients with anxiety disorder. Anxiety is a basic emotion that is required as a motivation for everyday work of life. Anxiety presents a complex cognitive, affective, physiological, and behavioral response that is related to future harm (real or perceived). Aim: To study the efficacy of GI intervention on patients with anxiety disorder and their quality of life. Materials and Methods: This longitudinal, interventional study was done in a state institute of mental health, psychiatric unit on 20 patients (outpatients) with anxiety disorder, diagnosed according to diagnostic criteria of research ICD-10 DCR. Patients were assessed using a sociodemographic and clinical data sheet, Hamilton anxiety scale, and World Health Organization QOL instrument, short-form (WHOQOL-BREF), Hindi version. Results: Patients with anxiety disorder in the experimental group improved as compared with the control group significantly. The mean QOL-BREF score was also improved after intervention in the intervention group. Conclusion: GI intervention helps reduce the severity of anxiety symptoms and improve the quality of life in patients with anxiety disorder.","PeriodicalId":13534,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139296609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. B. George, RamPratap Beniwal, Sadhana Singh, T. Bhatia, Subhash Khushu, S. Deshpande
Background: The functional outcome of the debilitating mental illness schizophrenia (SZ) has an integral role in cognition. The thyroid hormone has a vital role in the developmental stages and functioning of the human brain. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between thyroid functions, cognition, and functional imaging of the brain in persons with SZ. Materials and Methods: Sixty SZ (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5)) persons, aged 18–50 years of both genders, were recruited in this cross-sectional observational study. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Trail Making Tests (TMTs) A and B were administered to all patients. To assess the level of thyroid hormone, a test was conducted. Functional connectivity of the brain was assessed using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Data analysis was performed by descriptive and analytical statistical methods. FSL version 5.9 (FMRIB's) software was used for analyses of fMRI neuroimages. Results: There were no significant differences between the two populations on sociodemographic factors. The average value for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the hypothyroid group (n = 12) and the euthyroid group (n = 47) was 8.38 mIU/l and 2.44 mIU/l, respectively. The average time in seconds for TMT-A and TMT-B was 87.27 and 218.27 in the hypothyroid group and 97.07 and 293.27 in the euthyroid group, respectively. Similarly, in the sample matched on age, gender, and age at onset of illness, there were no significant differences in demographic and clinical factors and resting-state network (RSN) between the hypothyroid (N = 10) and euthyroid (N = 10) groups. Conclusion: No differences were found in the functional brain network between the hypothyroid and euthyroid groups as the study sample did not include clinically hypothyroid persons with SZ.
{"title":"Association between thyroid functions, cognition, and functional connectivity of the brain in early-course schizophrenia: A preliminary study","authors":"A. B. George, RamPratap Beniwal, Sadhana Singh, T. Bhatia, Subhash Khushu, S. Deshpande","doi":"10.4103/ipj.ipj_198_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_198_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The functional outcome of the debilitating mental illness schizophrenia (SZ) has an integral role in cognition. The thyroid hormone has a vital role in the developmental stages and functioning of the human brain. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between thyroid functions, cognition, and functional imaging of the brain in persons with SZ. Materials and Methods: Sixty SZ (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5)) persons, aged 18–50 years of both genders, were recruited in this cross-sectional observational study. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Trail Making Tests (TMTs) A and B were administered to all patients. To assess the level of thyroid hormone, a test was conducted. Functional connectivity of the brain was assessed using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Data analysis was performed by descriptive and analytical statistical methods. FSL version 5.9 (FMRIB's) software was used for analyses of fMRI neuroimages. Results: There were no significant differences between the two populations on sociodemographic factors. The average value for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the hypothyroid group (n = 12) and the euthyroid group (n = 47) was 8.38 mIU/l and 2.44 mIU/l, respectively. The average time in seconds for TMT-A and TMT-B was 87.27 and 218.27 in the hypothyroid group and 97.07 and 293.27 in the euthyroid group, respectively. Similarly, in the sample matched on age, gender, and age at onset of illness, there were no significant differences in demographic and clinical factors and resting-state network (RSN) between the hypothyroid (N = 10) and euthyroid (N = 10) groups. Conclusion: No differences were found in the functional brain network between the hypothyroid and euthyroid groups as the study sample did not include clinically hypothyroid persons with SZ.","PeriodicalId":13534,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) was developed in April 2020 as an instrument to gauge the symptoms of stress and anxiety occurring secondary to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was constructed using the English language due to which its application to a multi-linguistic country like India became a hindrance. Aim: To establish psychometric validity and reliability of the Bengali translation of CAS. Materials and Methods: Experts well-versed in the English and Bengali languages translated CAS from English to Bengali. This was followed by further correction by forward and backward translation processes until a version with high accuracy and low redundancy was procured. The original scale was applied to 91 volunteers, and the translated version was applied to the same group after 14 days. Results: The mean scores of the original version and the translated version showed a significant correlation. The Bengali version of CAS had high internal consistency, significant concurrent validity, and acceptable split-half reliability. It was hence deemed easily understandable and capable of measuring anxiety due to COVID-19 similar to the original scale. Conclusion: The Bengali translation of the CAS can be accurately used to assess symptoms of anxiety and stress with high reliability and validity in those who are able to read the Bengali language.
背景：冠状病毒焦虑量表（CAS）于 2020 年 4 月编制完成，用于测量因 COVID-19 大流行而产生的压力和焦虑症状。该量表使用英语编制，因此在印度这样的多语言国家使用该量表存在障碍。目的：确定 CAS 孟加拉语译本的心理测量有效性和可靠性。材料与方法：精通英语和孟加拉语的专家将 CAS 从英语翻译成孟加拉语。然后通过正向和反向翻译过程进行进一步修正，直到获得一个准确性高、冗余度低的版本。原量表适用于 91 名志愿者，14 天后，翻译版本适用于同一组志愿者。结果显示原始版本和翻译版本的平均得分显示出显著的相关性。孟加拉语版 CAS 具有较高的内部一致性、显著的并发效度和可接受的分半信度。因此，孟加拉语版 CAS 与原量表相似，易于理解，能够测量 COVID-19 导致的焦虑。结论孟加拉语翻译的 CAS 可以准确地用于评估焦虑和压力症状，对于能够阅读孟加拉语的人来说，具有很高的信度和效度。
{"title":"Translation and psychometrics of the Bengali adaptation of Coronavirus Anxiety Scale","authors":"Tahoora Ali, Suprakash Chaudhury, Santosh Kumar, Vidhata Dixit, C. Diwan, Parisha Kelkar","doi":"10.4103/ipj.ipj_235_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_235_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) was developed in April 2020 as an instrument to gauge the symptoms of stress and anxiety occurring secondary to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was constructed using the English language due to which its application to a multi-linguistic country like India became a hindrance. Aim: To establish psychometric validity and reliability of the Bengali translation of CAS. Materials and Methods: Experts well-versed in the English and Bengali languages translated CAS from English to Bengali. This was followed by further correction by forward and backward translation processes until a version with high accuracy and low redundancy was procured. The original scale was applied to 91 volunteers, and the translated version was applied to the same group after 14 days. Results: The mean scores of the original version and the translated version showed a significant correlation. The Bengali version of CAS had high internal consistency, significant concurrent validity, and acceptable split-half reliability. It was hence deemed easily understandable and capable of measuring anxiety due to COVID-19 similar to the original scale. Conclusion: The Bengali translation of the CAS can be accurately used to assess symptoms of anxiety and stress with high reliability and validity in those who are able to read the Bengali language.","PeriodicalId":13534,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139293703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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