Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v5i1.53550
Fitriani Fitriani, Endah Sayekti, Ajuk Sapar
Seaweed (Caulerpa sertularioides) is one of the marine plants of West Kalimantan, which contains bioactive compounds that can act as antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine antioxidant activity and identify components of organic compounds in seaweed C. sertularioides. This research was carried out in several stages, namely extraction, fractionation, antioxidant test (DPPH), vacuum liquid chromatography (KVC), gravity column chromatography (KKG), and two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography (2-Dimensional TLC), and characterization. Antioxidant activity test by DPPH method on methanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and fraction DCM from seaweed C. sertularioides obtained IC50 values of 82.21 g/mL (strong antioxidant), 131.2 g/mL (medium antioxidant), and 192.43 g/mL (weak antioxidant). The results of the FT-IR identification of isolate I4 showed a strong absorption at 3483-3387 cm-1,which was specific for the OH group. The presence of strong absorption of 2926-2854cm-1 C-H stretching group, a wide absorption of 1338 cm-1 of methyl and methylene groups (stretching). There was a strong absorption of 1543-1463 cm-1 C-O ester group (bend), a broad absorption of 1074 cm-1 C-O (stretching), and absorption of 1795-1735 cm-1 specific for the C=O ester group. The results of GC-MS on isolate I4 indicated the main component was compound 1-nonadecene (14.09%), Trifluoroacetoxy hexadecane based on the literature, the compound included the organic component of fatty acids, and esters
{"title":"AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN KARAKTERISASI ISOLAT DARI FRAKSI n-HEKSANA PADA RUMPUT LAUT (Caulerpa sertularioides) ASAL SINGKAWANG KALIMANTAN BARAT (ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND ISOLATE CHARACTERIZATION OF n-HEXANE FRACTION IN SEAWEED (Caulerpa sertularioides) FROM SINGKAWANG WEST KALIMANTAN)","authors":"Fitriani Fitriani, Endah Sayekti, Ajuk Sapar","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v5i1.53550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v5i1.53550","url":null,"abstract":"Seaweed (Caulerpa sertularioides) is one of the marine plants of West Kalimantan, which contains bioactive compounds that can act as antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine antioxidant activity and identify components of organic compounds in seaweed C. sertularioides. This research was carried out in several stages, namely extraction, fractionation, antioxidant test (DPPH), vacuum liquid chromatography (KVC), gravity column chromatography (KKG), and two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography (2-Dimensional TLC), and characterization. Antioxidant activity test by DPPH method on methanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and fraction DCM from seaweed C. sertularioides obtained IC50 values of 82.21 g/mL (strong antioxidant), 131.2 g/mL (medium antioxidant), and 192.43 g/mL (weak antioxidant). The results of the FT-IR identification of isolate I4 showed a strong absorption at 3483-3387 cm-1,which was specific for the OH group. The presence of strong absorption of 2926-2854cm-1 C-H stretching group, a wide absorption of 1338 cm-1 of methyl and methylene groups (stretching). There was a strong absorption of 1543-1463 cm-1 C-O ester group (bend), a broad absorption of 1074 cm-1 C-O (stretching), and absorption of 1795-1735 cm-1 specific for the C=O ester group. The results of GC-MS on isolate I4 indicated the main component was compound 1-nonadecene (14.09%), Trifluoroacetoxy hexadecane based on the literature, the compound included the organic component of fatty acids, and esters","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83191672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v5i1.49364
Arif Sulaiman, I. Silalahi, A. Shofiyani, Ari Widiyantoro, Harlia Harlia
Synthesis and characterization of TiO2 films sensitized with chlorophyll and metal-chlorophyll complex (M=Zn2+, Co2+) were carried out. Chlorophyll isolated from cassava leaves shows absorption peaks on the UV-Vis spectra in the Soret band area (415 nm) and Q band area (665 nm). The metal-chlorophyll complex was prepared from the reaction of the isolated chlorophyll and ZnCl2 (for Zn2+-chlorophyll); CoCl2.6H2O (for Co2+-chlorophyll) under reflux condition at 65 ºC with a mole ratio of 1:1. The UV-Vis spectra of the isolated products showed a hypsochromic shift to 410 nm and 660 nm for Zn2+-chlorophyll whereas the spectrum of the Co2+-chlorophyll product demonstrated the shifts to 403 nm and 661 nm. These hypsochromic shifts are proposed to be a metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transition as a result of chlorophyll metalation. The FTIR spectra of chlorophyll and metal-chlorophyll complexes have a similar pattern despite changes in the absorption of vibrational energy in several functional groups. The absorption of the C=N group shifted from 1372 cm-1 to 1368 cm-1 for both of the complexes, the C=C group of aromatic shifted from 1451 cm-1 to 1447 cm-1 (Zn2+-chlorophyll) and from 1451 cm-1 to 1445 cm-1 (Co2+-chlorophyll), and the C=O group of ketones shifted from 1627 cm-1 to 1645 cm-1 (Zn2+-chlorophyll) and from 1627 cm-1 to 1646 cm-1 (Co2+-chlorophyll). The shift pattern of the absorption peaks on the FTIR spectra indicates the coordination of metal ions towards the N atom in the pyrrole ring in the porphyrin structure of the chlorophyll. When the isolated chlorophyll as well as the chlorphyll complexes was sensitized on the surface of TiO2, variation of bandgap energy was observed. The calculation using the Tauc Plot method resulted in the bandgap energy of films of TiO2 at 3.20 eV, TiO2/chlorophyll at 2.97 eV, TiO2/Zn2+-chlorophyll at 2.87 eV, and TiO2/Co2+-chlorophyll at 2.90 eV
{"title":"ENERGI CELAH-PITA MATERIAL TiO2/KOMPLEKS LOGAM-KLOROFIL (M=Zn2+, Co2+) DARI DAUN SINGKONG (Manihot esculenta crant) (BANDGAP ENERGY OF MATERIAL OF TiO2/METAL-CHLOROPHYLL COMPLEX (M= Zn2+, Co2+) FROM CASSAVA LEAVES (Manihot esculenta crant))","authors":"Arif Sulaiman, I. Silalahi, A. Shofiyani, Ari Widiyantoro, Harlia Harlia","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v5i1.49364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v5i1.49364","url":null,"abstract":"Synthesis and characterization of TiO2 films sensitized with chlorophyll and metal-chlorophyll complex (M=Zn2+, Co2+) were carried out. Chlorophyll isolated from cassava leaves shows absorption peaks on the UV-Vis spectra in the Soret band area (415 nm) and Q band area (665 nm). The metal-chlorophyll complex was prepared from the reaction of the isolated chlorophyll and ZnCl2 (for Zn2+-chlorophyll); CoCl2.6H2O (for Co2+-chlorophyll) under reflux condition at 65 ºC with a mole ratio of 1:1. The UV-Vis spectra of the isolated products showed a hypsochromic shift to 410 nm and 660 nm for Zn2+-chlorophyll whereas the spectrum of the Co2+-chlorophyll product demonstrated the shifts to 403 nm and 661 nm. These hypsochromic shifts are proposed to be a metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transition as a result of chlorophyll metalation. The FTIR spectra of chlorophyll and metal-chlorophyll complexes have a similar pattern despite changes in the absorption of vibrational energy in several functional groups. The absorption of the C=N group shifted from 1372 cm-1 to 1368 cm-1 for both of the complexes, the C=C group of aromatic shifted from 1451 cm-1 to 1447 cm-1 (Zn2+-chlorophyll) and from 1451 cm-1 to 1445 cm-1 (Co2+-chlorophyll), and the C=O group of ketones shifted from 1627 cm-1 to 1645 cm-1 (Zn2+-chlorophyll) and from 1627 cm-1 to 1646 cm-1 (Co2+-chlorophyll). The shift pattern of the absorption peaks on the FTIR spectra indicates the coordination of metal ions towards the N atom in the pyrrole ring in the porphyrin structure of the chlorophyll. When the isolated chlorophyll as well as the chlorphyll complexes was sensitized on the surface of TiO2, variation of bandgap energy was observed. The calculation using the Tauc Plot method resulted in the bandgap energy of films of TiO2 at 3.20 eV, TiO2/chlorophyll at 2.97 eV, TiO2/Zn2+-chlorophyll at 2.87 eV, and TiO2/Co2+-chlorophyll at 2.90 eV","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80358395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-15DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v4i3.48830
Melia Trianasta, W. Warsidah, M. Sofiana
Green macroalgae Caulerpa racemosa from the waters of Lemukutan Island was isolated to obtain its endophyte fungi. Endophyte fungi were explored to determine their potential as antibacterial. Isolation of endophyte fungi was carried out by dilution method using PDA media. Endophyte fungi with different morphology were obtained as many as 4 isolates, named CRF1, CRF2, CRF3 and CRF4. Antibacterial activity testing was carried out by agar diffusion method. Endophyte fungi isolate CRF3 showed the best activity against Escherichia coli bacteria while CRF2 isolate showed the best activity against Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition zone diameters of 15.83 mm and 11.99 mm, respectively. Keywords:Endophyte Fungi, Caulerpa racemosa, Antibacterial, Lemukutan
{"title":"AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DARI FUNGI ENDOFIT Caulerpa racemosa ASAL PERAIRAN PULAU LEMUKUTAN (ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY FROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI Caulerpa racemosa ORIGIN IN LEMUKUTAN ISLAN WATERS)","authors":"Melia Trianasta, W. Warsidah, M. Sofiana","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v4i3.48830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v4i3.48830","url":null,"abstract":"Green macroalgae Caulerpa racemosa from the waters of Lemukutan Island was isolated to obtain its endophyte fungi. Endophyte fungi were explored to determine their potential as antibacterial. Isolation of endophyte fungi was carried out by dilution method using PDA media. Endophyte fungi with different morphology were obtained as many as 4 isolates, named CRF1, CRF2, CRF3 and CRF4. Antibacterial activity testing was carried out by agar diffusion method. Endophyte fungi isolate CRF3 showed the best activity against Escherichia coli bacteria while CRF2 isolate showed the best activity against Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition zone diameters of 15.83 mm and 11.99 mm, respectively. Keywords:Endophyte Fungi, Caulerpa racemosa, Antibacterial, Lemukutan","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82958231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-15DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v4i3.49447
M. N. Kaumal, Niroodha R. Pitawela
A microfluidic paper-based impedimetric device was developed as a water hardness sensor. This device is capable of performing the analysis with a sample volume of few microliters with no prior treatments. A phenol-formaldehyde graphene electrode modified with ethylenediaminetetraacetate was used as the working electrode. Ag pseudo reference and carbon electrodes were used to fabricate the device. Current simultaneous metal ion detection sensors are based on complex and expensive electrode setups. The proposed inexpensive, quick and portable device is capable of detecting Ca2+ and Mg2+ simultaneously. Electrode double layer-based charge transfer resistance and the maximum negative imaginary impedance produced a linear correlation with each metal ion concentration. The calculated limits of detection for Ca2+ and Mg2+ were 0.31 and 0.24 ppm, respectively. A set of samples containing Ca2+ and Mg2+ with a hardness of 2 ppm (as calcium carbonate) were used to test the device. The proposed tool is suitable as a semi-quantitative device for the determination of hardness in water.
{"title":"A LOW-COST PAPER-BASED MICROFLUIDIC IMPEDIMETRIC DEVICEC FOR THE DETECTION OF WATER HARDNESS","authors":"M. N. Kaumal, Niroodha R. Pitawela","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v4i3.49447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v4i3.49447","url":null,"abstract":"A microfluidic paper-based impedimetric device was developed as a water hardness sensor. This device is capable of performing the analysis with a sample volume of few microliters with no prior treatments. A phenol-formaldehyde graphene electrode modified with ethylenediaminetetraacetate was used as the working electrode. Ag pseudo reference and carbon electrodes were used to fabricate the device. Current simultaneous metal ion detection sensors are based on complex and expensive electrode setups. The proposed inexpensive, quick and portable device is capable of detecting Ca2+ and Mg2+ simultaneously. Electrode double layer-based charge transfer resistance and the maximum negative imaginary impedance produced a linear correlation with each metal ion concentration. The calculated limits of detection for Ca2+ and Mg2+ were 0.31 and 0.24 ppm, respectively. A set of samples containing Ca2+ and Mg2+ with a hardness of 2 ppm (as calcium carbonate) were used to test the device. The proposed tool is suitable as a semi-quantitative device for the determination of hardness in water.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83722221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-15DOI: 10.26418/ijopac.v4i3.47020
Elyta Clarissa, Adhitiyawarman Adhitiyawarman, A. B. Aritonang
Photocatalyst Co(II)-TiO2/kaolinite as a antibacterial E.coli has been successfully synthesized using sol-gel method. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics and Co(II)-TiO2/kaolinite photocatalyst activity as antibacterial E.coli under visible light. Synthesis of Co(II)-TiO2/kaolinite using TTIP as a precursor for Ti and CoCl2.6H2O as a precursor to Co(II) dopant. The doping process is carried out using the sol-gel method with the stages of hydrolysis, condensation, aging and calcination at a temperature of 450 ºC. The impregnation process on kaolinite was carried out using the wet impregnation method. The antibacterial activity test of E.coli under visible light was carried out using the turbidimetric method using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 600 nm. The activity test results showed that the Co(II)-TiO2 photocatalyst with a concentration of Co(II) dopant 3 %w/v had the best inhibition power reaching 35,47 %. The synthesized Co(II)-TiO2/kaolinite photocatalyst was analyzed using FTIR, XRD and UV-Vis DRS instruments. The results of FTIR analysis show that there is a shift in Ti-O absorption towards a smaller wave number which indicates that the Co(II) dopant has successfully entered the TiO2 structure. The XRD diffractogram showed that the Co(II)-TiO2/kaolinite photocatalyst had an anatse phase at 2q = 25,256º with a crystal size of 17-25 nm. UV-Vis DRS spectroscopic analysis showed a decrease in the band gap energy value from 3.35 eV to 1.69 eV.
{"title":"SYNTHESIS OF Co(II)-TiO2/KAOLINITE AS A ANTIBACTERIAL Escherichia coli PHOTOCSINTESIS Co(II)-TiO2/KAOLIN SEBAGAI FOTOKATALIS ANTIBAKTERI Escherichia coli DENGAN BANTUAN SINAR TAMPAK (SYNTHESIS OF Co(II)-TiO2/KAOLINITE AS A ANTIBACTERIAL Escherichia coli PHOTOCATALYST UNDER VISIBLE LIGHT)","authors":"Elyta Clarissa, Adhitiyawarman Adhitiyawarman, A. B. Aritonang","doi":"10.26418/ijopac.v4i3.47020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/ijopac.v4i3.47020","url":null,"abstract":"Photocatalyst Co(II)-TiO2/kaolinite as a antibacterial E.coli has been successfully synthesized using sol-gel method. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics and Co(II)-TiO2/kaolinite photocatalyst activity as antibacterial E.coli under visible light. Synthesis of Co(II)-TiO2/kaolinite using TTIP as a precursor for Ti and CoCl2.6H2O as a precursor to Co(II) dopant. The doping process is carried out using the sol-gel method with the stages of hydrolysis, condensation, aging and calcination at a temperature of 450 ºC. The impregnation process on kaolinite was carried out using the wet impregnation method. The antibacterial activity test of E.coli under visible light was carried out using the turbidimetric method using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 600 nm. The activity test results showed that the Co(II)-TiO2 photocatalyst with a concentration of Co(II) dopant 3 %w/v had the best inhibition power reaching 35,47 %. The synthesized Co(II)-TiO2/kaolinite photocatalyst was analyzed using FTIR, XRD and UV-Vis DRS instruments. The results of FTIR analysis show that there is a shift in Ti-O absorption towards a smaller wave number which indicates that the Co(II) dopant has successfully entered the TiO2 structure. The XRD diffractogram showed that the Co(II)-TiO2/kaolinite photocatalyst had an anatse phase at 2q = 25,256º with a crystal size of 17-25 nm. UV-Vis DRS spectroscopic analysis showed a decrease in the band gap energy value from 3.35 eV to 1.69 eV.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89837559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-15DOI: 10.26418/ijopac.v4i3.49660
T. A. Zaharah, Wanda Rossalina, I. Silalahi
Red mud or commonly called bauxite residue is solid waste generated from the purification of bauxite into alumina through the Bayer process. The red mud was initially dried under the sun then was magnetically separated to give magnetic sand. The magnetic sand was neutralized using copious of water, refined and then characterized using XRF and XRD methods. The results show that the main elements contained in the magnetic sand from the red mud are silicon, aluminum, iron, titanium, and magnesium. XRD analysis using Search-Match followed by the calculation using Rietveld refinement showed that the sand consisted of ferrosillite (55.3%), hematite (33.9%) and ilmenite (10.7%). Elemental analysis using XRF showed the percentage of Fe 29.15%, Si 22.49%, Ca 3.19%, and Ti 2.92%, followed by other elements with low percentages.
{"title":"KOMPOSISI UNSUR DAN KARAKTERISASI MINERAL MAGNETIK DALAM RED MUD, RESIDU BAUKSIT DI PT. INDONESIA CHEMICAL ALUMINA (ICA) KALIMANTAN BARAT (ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION AND MINERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MAGNETIC RED MUD, BAUXITE RESIDUE AT PT. INDONESIA CHEMICAL ALUMINA (ICA), WEST KALIMANTAN)","authors":"T. A. Zaharah, Wanda Rossalina, I. Silalahi","doi":"10.26418/ijopac.v4i3.49660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/ijopac.v4i3.49660","url":null,"abstract":"Red mud or commonly called bauxite residue is solid waste generated from the purification of bauxite into alumina through the Bayer process. The red mud was initially dried under the sun then was magnetically separated to give magnetic sand. The magnetic sand was neutralized using copious of water, refined and then characterized using XRF and XRD methods. The results show that the main elements contained in the magnetic sand from the red mud are silicon, aluminum, iron, titanium, and magnesium. XRD analysis using Search-Match followed by the calculation using Rietveld refinement showed that the sand consisted of ferrosillite (55.3%), hematite (33.9%) and ilmenite (10.7%). Elemental analysis using XRF showed the percentage of Fe 29.15%, Si 22.49%, Ca 3.19%, and Ti 2.92%, followed by other elements with low percentages.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75878242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-15DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v4i3.48986
I. Silalahi, Nikmatun Khasanah, T. A. Zaharah
Iron sand is obtained from one of the waste treatments stages of bauxite residue called red mud, operated at PT. Indonesia Chemical Alumina (PT. ICA). Preliminary analysis of the sand indicates that the main element contained in the sand is iron with a percentage of up to 60% and titanium at 10%. This study aims to determine the elemental composition and mineral characteristics of sand that was separated magnetically from the iron sand. Magnetic separation was carried out in two stages, namely separation using a weak magnets and strong magnets. The separation resulted in approximately 71% of strong magnetic sand. The rest was separated using the strong magnet giving almost 70% of weak magnetic sand while the residue is non-magnetic sand. The weak magnetic sand was analyzed using XRF and XRD to determine elemental composition as well as the type of mineral contained in the material. Elemental analysis showed that the weak magnetic sand contains 66.331% of iron, 13,120% of silicone, 9.216% of aluminum and 7.040% of titanium. The XRD analysis presented that crystalline phase in the sand consists of ilmenite, hematite, goethite, quartz and rutile.
{"title":"KOMPOSISI UNSUR DAN MINERAL DALAM PASIR BESI, RESIDU BAUKSIT DI PT. INDONESIA CHEMICAL ALUMINA (ICA) (ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION AND MINERALS IN IRON SAND, BAUXITE RESIDUE AT PT. INDONESIA CHEMICAL ALUMINA (ICA)","authors":"I. Silalahi, Nikmatun Khasanah, T. A. Zaharah","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v4i3.48986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v4i3.48986","url":null,"abstract":"Iron sand is obtained from one of the waste treatments stages of bauxite residue called red mud, operated at PT. Indonesia Chemical Alumina (PT. ICA). Preliminary analysis of the sand indicates that the main element contained in the sand is iron with a percentage of up to 60% and titanium at 10%. This study aims to determine the elemental composition and mineral characteristics of sand that was separated magnetically from the iron sand. Magnetic separation was carried out in two stages, namely separation using a weak magnets and strong magnets. The separation resulted in approximately 71% of strong magnetic sand. The rest was separated using the strong magnet giving almost 70% of weak magnetic sand while the residue is non-magnetic sand. The weak magnetic sand was analyzed using XRF and XRD to determine elemental composition as well as the type of mineral contained in the material. Elemental analysis showed that the weak magnetic sand contains 66.331% of iron, 13,120% of silicone, 9.216% of aluminum and 7.040% of titanium. The XRD analysis presented that crystalline phase in the sand consists of ilmenite, hematite, goethite, quartz and rutile.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75129327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v4i2.47817
Suparnawati Suparnawati, W. Warsidah, Harlia Harlia, A. B. Aritonang
The production and characterization of bagasse biochar (Saccharum officinarum Linn) in this study was carried out through pyrolysis for 4 hours at a temperature of 1100C. The purpose of this research was to determine the biochar capacity of bagasse (Saccharum officinarum Linn) as an ameliorant for improving fertility in marginal lands, especially in West Kalimantan, namely peatlands. The capacity of biochar as an ameliorant in this study is known based on gravimetric analysis, which has a moisture content of 0.38%, ash content of 2.42%, volatile content of 0.53%, fixed carbon (cf) 97.02%. Meanwhile, from the results of SEM-EDX characterization there were 100% carbon compounds and the presence of pores in the form of micro pores. And the results of FTIR characterization have the absorption of functional groups of organic compounds at wave numbers (cm-1) 3448.72 from the Ogroup OH streching, 2978.09 and 2931.80 CH bending groups of cellulose compounds, 2368.59 and 2276 C≡C bending groups lingnin compounds and 1620.21 and 1435.04 groups of C=O and C=C streching compounds of lingninsellulose and hemicellulose
{"title":"PRODUKSI DAN KARAKTERISASI BIOCHAR AMPAS TEBU(Saccharum officinarum Linn) PRODUCTION AND CHARATERIZATION OF BAGASSE BIOCHAR (Saccharum officinarum Linn)","authors":"Suparnawati Suparnawati, W. Warsidah, Harlia Harlia, A. B. Aritonang","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v4i2.47817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v4i2.47817","url":null,"abstract":"The production and characterization of bagasse biochar (Saccharum officinarum Linn) in this study was carried out through pyrolysis for 4 hours at a temperature of 1100C. The purpose of this research was to determine the biochar capacity of bagasse (Saccharum officinarum Linn) as an ameliorant for improving fertility in marginal lands, especially in West Kalimantan, namely peatlands. The capacity of biochar as an ameliorant in this study is known based on gravimetric analysis, which has a moisture content of 0.38%, ash content of 2.42%, volatile content of 0.53%, fixed carbon (cf) 97.02%. Meanwhile, from the results of SEM-EDX characterization there were 100% carbon compounds and the presence of pores in the form of micro pores. And the results of FTIR characterization have the absorption of functional groups of organic compounds at wave numbers (cm-1) 3448.72 from the Ogroup OH streching, 2978.09 and 2931.80 CH bending groups of cellulose compounds, 2368.59 and 2276 C≡C bending groups lingnin compounds and 1620.21 and 1435.04 groups of C=O and C=C streching compounds of lingninsellulose and hemicellulose","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89030575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v4i2.47550
Oman Zuas, Eka Mardika Handayani, Muhammad Rizky Mulyana, Melati Azizka Fajria, H. Budiman, A. Hindayani, Arfan Sindhu Tistomo, A. B. Aritonang, N. Nazarudin
The quality control of the final product of biogas is essential for providing a maximum level of consumer’s satisfaction. The most important criteria for any biogas product are its regulatory compliance and safety. Based on a desk study of document and laboratory experiment, this paper overviews the development of infrastructure of quality to control the quality of biogas, aiming at summarising the experience, problems and demonstrating development status of quality infrastructure in Indonesia in the hope of providing references for the present condition. The discussion is made to cover issues related to biogas that are emphasized on three pillars of the infrastructure of quality in Indonesia, i.e., standardization, metrology, and conformity assessment. From the overview, the critical conclusion where understanding and continuing the development quality infrastructure of assuring the safety and quality of biogas remain essential.
{"title":"TOWARD QUALITY CONTROL OF BIOGAS PRODUCT IN INDONESIA: AN OVERVIEW","authors":"Oman Zuas, Eka Mardika Handayani, Muhammad Rizky Mulyana, Melati Azizka Fajria, H. Budiman, A. Hindayani, Arfan Sindhu Tistomo, A. B. Aritonang, N. Nazarudin","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v4i2.47550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v4i2.47550","url":null,"abstract":"The quality control of the final product of biogas is essential for providing a maximum level of consumer’s satisfaction. The most important criteria for any biogas product are its regulatory compliance and safety. Based on a desk study of document and laboratory experiment, this paper overviews the development of infrastructure of quality to control the quality of biogas, aiming at summarising the experience, problems and demonstrating development status of quality infrastructure in Indonesia in the hope of providing references for the present condition. The discussion is made to cover issues related to biogas that are emphasized on three pillars of the infrastructure of quality in Indonesia, i.e., standardization, metrology, and conformity assessment. From the overview, the critical conclusion where understanding and continuing the development quality infrastructure of assuring the safety and quality of biogas remain essential.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90613522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v4i2.45415
Nasril Fuad Hasan, W. Warsidah, Gusrizal Gusrizal
Percission and accurate gas chromatographic method for determination of propionic acid in bakery products was developed. Bakery productswere directly extraction with ethyl acetat and phosphoric acid used for acidic. The extract was injected directly to gas chromatographic using butyric acid as internal standard. Calibration curve propionic acid range 25 – 1000 µg/mL. Coefissien of variation (CV) rates for spiked bakery produtcs were 1,36% and 99,81% (range 96,32 – 103,61%) for accuracy at ± 1000 mg/kg propionic acid, Limit detection (LoD) and limit quantitation (LoQ) by this method were 333,6537 mg/Kg and 635,5818 mg/Kg. Burger, hot dog, and sandwich buns from a local factory at Pontianak were analyzed and respectively rates less than the limit permitted by Indonesian regulations.
{"title":"PRESISI DAN AKURASI KROMATOGRAFI GAS DALAM PENETAPAN KADAR ASAM PROPIONAT DALAM PRODUKSI BAKERI (PRECISION AND ACCURACY OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY FOR DETERMINATION OF PROPIONIC ACID LEVELS IN BAKERY PRODUCT)","authors":"Nasril Fuad Hasan, W. Warsidah, Gusrizal Gusrizal","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v4i2.45415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v4i2.45415","url":null,"abstract":"Percission and accurate gas chromatographic method for determination of propionic acid in bakery products was developed. Bakery productswere directly extraction with ethyl acetat and phosphoric acid used for acidic. The extract was injected directly to gas chromatographic using butyric acid as internal standard. Calibration curve propionic acid range 25 – 1000 µg/mL. Coefissien of variation (CV) rates for spiked bakery produtcs were 1,36% and 99,81% (range 96,32 – 103,61%) for accuracy at ± 1000 mg/kg propionic acid, Limit detection (LoD) and limit quantitation (LoQ) by this method were 333,6537 mg/Kg and 635,5818 mg/Kg. Burger, hot dog, and sandwich buns from a local factory at Pontianak were analyzed and respectively rates less than the limit permitted by Indonesian regulations.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88980993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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