Pub Date : 2021-04-30DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v3i2.46309
Risma Achmad, S. Fauziah, M. Zakir
The methylene blue dye adsorbed by activated carbon from oil palm fronds modified with H2SO4 has been carried out. This study aims to utilize activated carbon from palm oil frond waste (Cocus nucifera L.) as an adsorbent to adsorb toxic methylene blue dye in textile industrial wastewater. The method consisted of several steps, namely: carbonization, carbon activation using 0.3M HCl activator, surface modification, and identification of functional groups using FTIR, characterization of the adsorbent material using SEM, BET, and surface area analysis with methylene blue. The optimal adsorption time of methylene blue by activated carbon is 20 minutes, longer than modified activated carbon which is 15 minutes. Adsorption of methylene blue by activated carbon and modified activated carbon according to the Langmuir isothermal model. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon was lower, namely 9.7847 mg / g compared to the adsorption capacity of modified activated carbon, which was 10.7642 mg / g. This proves that the active carbon modified by H2SO4 is better used as an adsorbent for adsorbing methylene blue dye
{"title":"PEMBUATAN DAN MODIFIKASI KARBON AKTIF PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT (Cocus nucifera L.) SEBAGAI ADSORBEN METILEN BIRU (PREPARATION AND MODIFICATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM PALM OIL (Cocus nucifera L.) AS ADSORBENT OF BLUE METHYLENE)","authors":"Risma Achmad, S. Fauziah, M. Zakir","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v3i2.46309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v3i2.46309","url":null,"abstract":"The methylene blue dye adsorbed by activated carbon from oil palm fronds modified with H2SO4 has been carried out. This study aims to utilize activated carbon from palm oil frond waste (Cocus nucifera L.) as an adsorbent to adsorb toxic methylene blue dye in textile industrial wastewater. The method consisted of several steps, namely: carbonization, carbon activation using 0.3M HCl activator, surface modification, and identification of functional groups using FTIR, characterization of the adsorbent material using SEM, BET, and surface area analysis with methylene blue. The optimal adsorption time of methylene blue by activated carbon is 20 minutes, longer than modified activated carbon which is 15 minutes. Adsorption of methylene blue by activated carbon and modified activated carbon according to the Langmuir isothermal model. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon was lower, namely 9.7847 mg / g compared to the adsorption capacity of modified activated carbon, which was 10.7642 mg / g. This proves that the active carbon modified by H2SO4 is better used as an adsorbent for adsorbing methylene blue dye","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88954818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-30DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v4i1.45237
Rizki Triadi, R. Rudiyansyah, A. Alimuddin
Langsat root is a part of Lansium domesticum which is still rarely explored for its secondary metabolites. Triterpenoids are dominantly isolated from langsat plants. This research was conducted to isolate and characterize a triterpenoid structure by doing maceration and partition, phytochemical test, chromatography, and analysis of 1H-NMR spectrum. GKGT2 isolate is a white powder with a mass of 4 mg. 1H-NMR spectrum data (CD3OD, 500 MHz) shows an oxiran proton signal at H 4.13. The hydroxyl proton at C-1 with a chemical shift of 7.83 (1H, s) is a sharp singlet because a hydrogen bond strongly with the carbonyl at C-16. The presence of a singlet proton at H 5.85 (1H) and signals below 2 ppm are typical for terpenoid compounds. On the basis of a phytochemical test and chemical shift data in 1H-NMR spectrum, it can be concluded that a structure of GKGT2 isolate showed many similarities to Dukunolida C.
{"title":"KARAKTERISASI STRUKTUR TRITERPENOID DARI AKAR TANAMAN LANGSAT (Lansium domesticum) (CHARACTERIZATION OF TRITERPENOID STRUCTURE FROM LEAN PLANT (Lansium domesticum))","authors":"Rizki Triadi, R. Rudiyansyah, A. Alimuddin","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v4i1.45237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v4i1.45237","url":null,"abstract":"Langsat root is a part of Lansium domesticum which is still rarely explored for its secondary metabolites. Triterpenoids are dominantly isolated from langsat plants. This research was conducted to isolate and characterize a triterpenoid structure by doing maceration and partition, phytochemical test, chromatography, and analysis of 1H-NMR spectrum. GKGT2 isolate is a white powder with a mass of 4 mg. 1H-NMR spectrum data (CD3OD, 500 MHz) shows an oxiran proton signal at H 4.13. The hydroxyl proton at C-1 with a chemical shift of 7.83 (1H, s) is a sharp singlet because a hydrogen bond strongly with the carbonyl at C-16. The presence of a singlet proton at H 5.85 (1H) and signals below 2 ppm are typical for terpenoid compounds. On the basis of a phytochemical test and chemical shift data in 1H-NMR spectrum, it can be concluded that a structure of GKGT2 isolate showed many similarities to Dukunolida C.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83575746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-10DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36894
M. Syahwandi, W. Rahmalia, Titin Anita Zahara, T. Usman
Research on the use of the oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) as an adsorbent for free fatty acid (FFA) adsorption on Crude Palm Oil (CPO) has been done. CPO is the main raw material in the manufacture of food products. The results of OPEFB adsorbent characteristics showed the amount of water content and ash content of 0,067% and 0,175%, XRF analysis obtained the greatest content of OPEFB in the form potassium metal as much as 44,24%, FTIR analysis identified that there were CO3 compounds in wave number 1648 cm-1 and SEM analysis indicates there are no pores in OPEFB. The result showed that the number of OPEFB with the best adsorption was 0,1 gram with 60 minute optimum contact time. The CPO adsorption process with OPEFB shows the Langmuir model with a correlation value (R2) of 0,8845 and the adsorptions kinetics follows the pseudo order 2 adsorption kinetics model with a correlation value (R2) of 0,9857. The results of this study showed the characteristics of CPO before and after adsorbed using 0,1 g of adsorbent OPEFB showed the amount of FFA level of 7,321% to 6,297%, water content of 0,0025% to 0,00119% and impurities content of 0,8847% to 0,8408%.
{"title":"ADSORPSI ASAM LEMAK BEBAS DALAM MINYAK SAWIT MENTAH MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN ABU TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT","authors":"M. Syahwandi, W. Rahmalia, Titin Anita Zahara, T. Usman","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36894","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the use of the oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) as an adsorbent for free fatty acid (FFA) adsorption on Crude Palm Oil (CPO) has been done. CPO is the main raw material in the manufacture of food products. The results of OPEFB adsorbent characteristics showed the amount of water content and ash content of 0,067% and 0,175%, XRF analysis obtained the greatest content of OPEFB in the form potassium metal as much as 44,24%, FTIR analysis identified that there were CO3 compounds in wave number 1648 cm-1 and SEM analysis indicates there are no pores in OPEFB. The result showed that the number of OPEFB with the best adsorption was 0,1 gram with 60 minute optimum contact time. The CPO adsorption process with OPEFB shows the Langmuir model with a correlation value (R2) of 0,8845 and the adsorptions kinetics follows the pseudo order 2 adsorption kinetics model with a correlation value (R2) of 0,9857. The results of this study showed the characteristics of CPO before and after adsorbed using 0,1 g of adsorbent OPEFB showed the amount of FFA level of 7,321% to 6,297%, water content of 0,0025% to 0,00119% and impurities content of 0,8847% to 0,8408%.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84936355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-10DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36890
Eka Pebri Malinda, R. Rudiyansyah, Ajuk Sapar
Rambutan seeds are one of the waste produced from rambutan that is potential to be used in the food and pharmaceutical fields because it is rich in nutrients and secondary metabolites. This research was carried out to characterize phenolic compounds from the ethyl acetate fraction by using chromatographic methods, phytochemical tests, and 1H-NMR analysis. The isolate was obtained as white powder with 6.2 mg and gave positive sign for phenolic by phytochemical test. 1H-NMR spectrum data (CD3OD, 500 MHz) showed the chemical shift characteristic of coumarin compounds at δH (ppm): 7.82 (1H, d, J= 8.3 Hz), 7.39 (1H, d, J= 7.55 Hz), 6.73 (1H, d, J= 8.05 Hz), and 5.61 (1H, d, J= 7.55 Hz), an anomeric proton at δH 4.8-5 ppm, the characteristics of the methyl group of L-rhamnose sugar at δH 1.29 ppm and other sugar protons at δH 3-4 ppm. Based on the 1H-NMR analysis and comparison with literature, a phenolic compound obtained from rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) seeds is 7-O-β-L-rhamnose-8-hydroxycoumarin or 8-O-β-L-rhamnose-7-hydroxycoumarin.
{"title":"KARAKTERISASI SENYAWA FENOLIK DARI BIJI BUAH RAMBUTAN (Nephelium lappaceum L.)","authors":"Eka Pebri Malinda, R. Rudiyansyah, Ajuk Sapar","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36890","url":null,"abstract":"Rambutan seeds are one of the waste produced from rambutan that is potential to be used in the food and pharmaceutical fields because it is rich in nutrients and secondary metabolites. This research was carried out to characterize phenolic compounds from the ethyl acetate fraction by using chromatographic methods, phytochemical tests, and 1H-NMR analysis. The isolate was obtained as white powder with 6.2 mg and gave positive sign for phenolic by phytochemical test. 1H-NMR spectrum data (CD3OD, 500 MHz) showed the chemical shift characteristic of coumarin compounds at δH (ppm): 7.82 (1H, d, J= 8.3 Hz), 7.39 (1H, d, J= 7.55 Hz), 6.73 (1H, d, J= 8.05 Hz), and 5.61 (1H, d, J= 7.55 Hz), an anomeric proton at δH 4.8-5 ppm, the characteristics of the methyl group of L-rhamnose sugar at δH 1.29 ppm and other sugar protons at δH 3-4 ppm. Based on the 1H-NMR analysis and comparison with literature, a phenolic compound obtained from rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) seeds is 7-O-β-L-rhamnose-8-hydroxycoumarin or 8-O-β-L-rhamnose-7-hydroxycoumarin.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82496239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-10DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36892
Nia Dahlia, W. Rahmalia, T. Usman
Research on the use of K2CO3-activated zeolite as an adsorbent for free fatty acid (FFA) adsorption on crude palm oil (CPO) has been done. CPO is one of the mainstay products of Indonesian plantations which are used as raw material for cooking oil. The aim of this study to determine the adsorption capacity of activated zeolites against free fatty acid of CPO. The results showed that the iodium uptake capacity of zeolites before activation was 495.6%, activated zeolites were 527.1% and impregnated zeolites were 642.6%. The number of zeolites with the best absorption was 2 grams and ALB was absorbed 4.079% for activated zeolites (ZAA), 4.98% for impregnated zeolites (ZAI), and the water content and impurities were still below SNI standards. The CPO adsorption process with zeolites shows the Langmuir model with a correlation value (R2) of 0.9999 for ZAA and (R2) of 0.9976 for ZAI. The results showed that activated zeolites had lower absorption than impregnated zeolites.
{"title":"ADSORPSI ASAM LEMAK BEBAS PADA CRUDE PALM OIL MENGGUNAKAN ZEOLIT TERAKTIVASI K2CO3","authors":"Nia Dahlia, W. Rahmalia, T. Usman","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36892","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the use of K2CO3-activated zeolite as an adsorbent for free fatty acid (FFA) adsorption on crude palm oil (CPO) has been done. CPO is one of the mainstay products of Indonesian plantations which are used as raw material for cooking oil. The aim of this study to determine the adsorption capacity of activated zeolites against free fatty acid of CPO. The results showed that the iodium uptake capacity of zeolites before activation was 495.6%, activated zeolites were 527.1% and impregnated zeolites were 642.6%. The number of zeolites with the best absorption was 2 grams and ALB was absorbed 4.079% for activated zeolites (ZAA), 4.98% for impregnated zeolites (ZAI), and the water content and impurities were still below SNI standards. The CPO adsorption process with zeolites shows the Langmuir model with a correlation value (R2) of 0.9999 for ZAA and (R2) of 0.9976 for ZAI. The results showed that activated zeolites had lower absorption than impregnated zeolites.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83829220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-10DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36895
Desi Listiani, A. Sapar, A. B. Aritonang
Synthesis of TiO2-kaolinite has been performed using solgel method with titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) as precursor. Synthesis of TiO2-kaolinite by temperature calcination 450 °C for 2 hours to obtain TiO2-kaolinite anatase and then the antibacterial photocatalysis activity of E. coli and S. aureus was performed. Identification of the characteristics TiO2-kaolinite used XRD, SEM, FTIR, and DR-UV. It was found that TiO2-kaolinite has been anatase phase structure with the particle size is 19-103 nm, and have a spheric morphology. Infrared spectra indicate a specific group in wave number 921 cm-1. The antibacterial photocatalysis activity test was performed in liquid media and measurements by the Optical Density (OD) is using Spectrophotometer UV-Vis at wavelength of 600 nm. The results photocatalysisis activity of TiO2-kaolinite for E.coli, TiO2-kaolinite can kill bacteria occured in the 60th minute, while for S. aureus TiO2-kaolin can kill bacteria occured in the 100th minute. Our results clearly that the TiO2-kaolinite has potential as an antibacterial material in water sterilization.
{"title":"SINTESIS TIO2-KAOLIN DAN UJI AKTIVITAS FOTOKATALISIS UNTUK ANTIBAKTERI Escherichia Coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Desi Listiani, A. Sapar, A. B. Aritonang","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36895","url":null,"abstract":"Synthesis of TiO2-kaolinite has been performed using solgel method with titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) as precursor. Synthesis of TiO2-kaolinite by temperature calcination 450 °C for 2 hours to obtain TiO2-kaolinite anatase and then the antibacterial photocatalysis activity of E. coli and S. aureus was performed. Identification of the characteristics TiO2-kaolinite used XRD, SEM, FTIR, and DR-UV. It was found that TiO2-kaolinite has been anatase phase structure with the particle size is 19-103 nm, and have a spheric morphology. Infrared spectra indicate a specific group in wave number 921 cm-1. The antibacterial photocatalysis activity test was performed in liquid media and measurements by the Optical Density (OD) is using Spectrophotometer UV-Vis at wavelength of 600 nm. The results photocatalysisis activity of TiO2-kaolinite for E.coli, TiO2-kaolinite can kill bacteria occured in the 60th minute, while for S. aureus TiO2-kaolin can kill bacteria occured in the 100th minute. Our results clearly that the TiO2-kaolinite has potential as an antibacterial material in water sterilization.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72772137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-10DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36899
Resti Fartiwi, W. Warsidah, A. B. Aritonang
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin layer on the surface of metal Ti has been successfully synthesized using anodization method by varying the anodization times 30, 45 and 60 minutes. Characterization of TiO2/Ti with FTIR method gives absorption peaks at wave number 457,490 cm-1 and 796,635 cm-1, which is a Ti-O vibration. Visualization TiO2/Ti under SEM showed pores with diameter of 10-45 nm as an indication of the morphology of nanotubes, although the length of tubes have not been obtained. The results of XRD measurement give diffractogram at 2q: 25,337°; 37,891° and 48,074° and characterization DR-UV visible value 3,276 eV band gap which characterize crystalline anatase TiO2 phase. Photocatalytic TiO2/Ti exhibit antibacterial activity Escherichia coli were tested using the method of turbidimetry with a spectrophotometer at wavelength of 600 nm. Photocatalyst TiO2/Ti which are synthesized by anodizing process for 60 minutes have inhibitory bacterial growth better than synthesized for 30 minutes and 45 minutes.
{"title":"SINTESIS TiO2/Ti DENGAN TEKNIK ANODISASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS FOTOKATALIS SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI Escherichia coli","authors":"Resti Fartiwi, W. Warsidah, A. B. Aritonang","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36899","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin layer on the surface of metal Ti has been successfully synthesized using anodization method by varying the anodization times 30, 45 and 60 minutes. Characterization of TiO2/Ti with FTIR method gives absorption peaks at wave number 457,490 cm-1 and 796,635 cm-1, which is a Ti-O vibration. Visualization TiO2/Ti under SEM showed pores with diameter of 10-45 nm as an indication of the morphology of nanotubes, although the length of tubes have not been obtained. The results of XRD measurement give diffractogram at 2q: 25,337°; 37,891° and 48,074° and characterization DR-UV visible value 3,276 eV band gap which characterize crystalline anatase TiO2 phase. Photocatalytic TiO2/Ti exhibit antibacterial activity Escherichia coli were tested using the method of turbidimetry with a spectrophotometer at wavelength of 600 nm. Photocatalyst TiO2/Ti which are synthesized by anodizing process for 60 minutes have inhibitory bacterial growth better than synthesized for 30 minutes and 45 minutes.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73574934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-10DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36891
Roberta Anjelia, I. H. Silalahi, Gusrizal Gusrizal
Metal complexes of chlorophyll (M = Co2+, Fe3+) have been prepared from a reaction of chlorophyll isolated from cassava leaves and metal precursors (CoCl2.6H2O or FeCl3) in methanol under reflux for 4 hours. FTIR spectra of the products indicated bond changes in chlorophyll structure particularly on absorption peaks with regard to N–H, N=C, C=C and C=O groups as a result of substitution of magnesium ion with cobalt(II) or iron(FE). UV-Vis spectra mainly showed hypsochromic shifts along with an increase in absorption intensity on Soret band area in the two complexes implying electronic effects of chlorin rings due to metal complexation.
{"title":"SINTESIS DAN TRANSISI ELEKTRONIK SENYAWA KOMPLEKS KLOROFIL DENGAN LOGAM (M = Co2+, Fe3+)","authors":"Roberta Anjelia, I. H. Silalahi, Gusrizal Gusrizal","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i3.36891","url":null,"abstract":"Metal complexes of chlorophyll (M = Co2+, Fe3+) have been prepared from a reaction of chlorophyll isolated from cassava leaves and metal precursors (CoCl2.6H2O or FeCl3) in methanol under reflux for 4 hours. FTIR spectra of the products indicated bond changes in chlorophyll structure particularly on absorption peaks with regard to N–H, N=C, C=C and C=O groups as a result of substitution of magnesium ion with cobalt(II) or iron(FE). UV-Vis spectra mainly showed hypsochromic shifts along with an increase in absorption intensity on Soret band area in the two complexes implying electronic effects of chlorin rings due to metal complexation.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79546756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-09DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36911
M. Supandi, M. A. Wibowo, Titin Anita Zahara
Ujung atap (Baeckea frutescens L) from Myrtaceae family is a woody shrub which leaves resemble a large evergreen tree found from Nanjung River Village, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan. The purpose of this study is to isolate and characterize essential oils of ujung atap. Insulation is used by the distillation method. The result showed rendement of ujung atap the essential oils are 0,91% (4 hours), 0,97% (6 hours) dan 1,12% (7 hours). Essential oils are tested physicochemistry properties and components of chemistry compound analyzed with GC-MS. The result showed density is 0,878 (room temperature), refractive index is 1,474 (28oC), optical rotation is +2,24(20oC), solubility in alcohol is 1:8 mL, acid number 1,253, dan ester number 3,829. The result of GC-MS showed 21 compound, with the main compound monoterpenes are α-pinene, β-pinene and 1,8 cineol.
{"title":"KARAKTERISASI MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN UJUNG ATAP (Baeckea Frutesces L) DARI HUTAN DESA SUNGAI NANJUNG KABUPATEN KETAPANG KALBAR","authors":"M. Supandi, M. A. Wibowo, Titin Anita Zahara","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36911","url":null,"abstract":"Ujung atap (Baeckea frutescens L) from Myrtaceae family is a woody shrub which leaves resemble a large evergreen tree found from Nanjung River Village, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan. The purpose of this study is to isolate and characterize essential oils of ujung atap. Insulation is used by the distillation method. The result showed rendement of ujung atap the essential oils are 0,91% (4 hours), 0,97% (6 hours) dan 1,12% (7 hours). Essential oils are tested physicochemistry properties and components of chemistry compound analyzed with GC-MS. The result showed density is 0,878 (room temperature), refractive index is 1,474 (28oC), optical rotation is +2,24(20oC), solubility in alcohol is 1:8 mL, acid number 1,253, dan ester number 3,829. The result of GC-MS showed 21 compound, with the main compound monoterpenes are α-pinene, β-pinene and 1,8 cineol.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77626366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-09DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36912
Yatim Mustakim, N. Nurlina, I. Syahbanu
One of the potential raw materials for the preparation of geopolymers is kaolin. In the present report, the used activated kaolin is from Capkala Village in West Borneo. This paper presents an experimental study on the influence of different SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratios on the compressive strength and microstructural characteristics of the Capkala kaolin-based geopolymer. The used Capkala kaolin was a product of the calcination of the source material at 750ºC 2 h. The alkaline activator solutions that were used to activate the activated capkala kaolin precursor were prepared by mixing NaOH solution with Na2SiO3 solution. The activator solution was allowed to equilibrate for a minimum of 24 h at a room temperature before use. The geopolymer was prepared by hand mixing of the Capkala kaolin and the activator solution. Experiments conducted with SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratios of 3.8; 3.9; 4.0; 4.1 and 4.2 for all mixing. The resulting pastes are cast in cylinder molds of 2.3 × 4.6 cm. The pastes hardened 24 h in the forms, at room temperature for 24 h. The geopolymer was dried at 60ºC 2 h. The geopolymer was tested for compressive strength and sample pieces were taken from ones with the highest strength for XRD and SEM. Based on the test was obtained that geopolymer with 3.9 SiO2/Al2O3 ratios has the highest compressive strength that is 2.820 Mpa. The XRD analysis showed the peak at 2θ(º) 26,69o, 20,92o dan 19,77 o. The spectra FTIR of geopolymer showed the absorption at 3289.96 cm-1; 1647.67 cm-1 and 955.65 cm-1. Moreover, there are functional groups absorption for geopolymer such Al-OH stretch vibration (near 900 cm-1), stretch vibration of Si-O and Al-O (600-700 cm-1), Si-O-Al bend vibration (near 500 cm-1). The morphology of the capkala kaolin based geopolymer with SEM has succeeded in changing the kaolin structures in the form of regular slabs to be more irregular due to heating with a temperature of 750ºC.
{"title":"SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI GEOPOLIMER BERBAHAN DASAR KAOLIN CAPKALA DENGAN VARIASI RASIO MOL SiO2/Al2O3","authors":"Yatim Mustakim, N. Nurlina, I. Syahbanu","doi":"10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v2i2.36912","url":null,"abstract":"One of the potential raw materials for the preparation of geopolymers is kaolin. In the present report, the used activated kaolin is from Capkala Village in West Borneo. This paper presents an experimental study on the influence of different SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratios on the compressive strength and microstructural characteristics of the Capkala kaolin-based geopolymer. The used Capkala kaolin was a product of the calcination of the source material at 750ºC 2 h. The alkaline activator solutions that were used to activate the activated capkala kaolin precursor were prepared by mixing NaOH solution with Na2SiO3 solution. The activator solution was allowed to equilibrate for a minimum of 24 h at a room temperature before use. The geopolymer was prepared by hand mixing of the Capkala kaolin and the activator solution. Experiments conducted with SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratios of 3.8; 3.9; 4.0; 4.1 and 4.2 for all mixing. The resulting pastes are cast in cylinder molds of 2.3 × 4.6 cm. The pastes hardened 24 h in the forms, at room temperature for 24 h. The geopolymer was dried at 60ºC 2 h. The geopolymer was tested for compressive strength and sample pieces were taken from ones with the highest strength for XRD and SEM. Based on the test was obtained that geopolymer with 3.9 SiO2/Al2O3 ratios has the highest compressive strength that is 2.820 Mpa. The XRD analysis showed the peak at 2θ(º) 26,69o, 20,92o dan 19,77 o. The spectra FTIR of geopolymer showed the absorption at 3289.96 cm-1; 1647.67 cm-1 and 955.65 cm-1. Moreover, there are functional groups absorption for geopolymer such Al-OH stretch vibration (near 900 cm-1), stretch vibration of Si-O and Al-O (600-700 cm-1), Si-O-Al bend vibration (near 500 cm-1). The morphology of the capkala kaolin based geopolymer with SEM has succeeded in changing the kaolin structures in the form of regular slabs to be more irregular due to heating with a temperature of 750ºC.","PeriodicalId":13554,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87556962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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