Pub Date : 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122875
Liming Huang, Feifan Zhao, Xiangfei Fu, Bin Wang, Longjiang Yu, Chunhua Fu
Taxus renewable twigs produce valuable taxanes, notably anticancer drug paclitaxel and its key intermediates, including 10-deacetylbaccatin III (10DAB), baccatin III (B-III), and 10-deacetyltaxol (10DAT). However, incomplete understanding of taxane biosynthetic networks and their regulatory mechanisms across species and developmental stages limits targeted genetic improvement of these medicinal plants. Here, we integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics to analyze taxane accumulation and associated biosynthetic gene expression patterns in three high-yielding (10DAB- or paclitaxel-rich) Taxus accessions (HZDNF, HZDDB, HZDMDY) twigs across developmental stages grown under uniform environmental conditions. Our study identified 55 distinct taxanes and 140 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to paclitaxel biosynthesis, enabling construction of relatively comprehensive metabolic networks and gene co-expression patterns. The HZDNF variety, particularly its young twigs (NF-new), showed exceptional production of most 6/8/6/4-taxanes (including 10DAB, B-III, and 10DAT), outperforming other varieties. This correlated with elevated expression of 42 potentially biosynthetic genes, including 10 putative rate-limiting enzyme genes. Furthermore, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed 34 core DEGs from the above-mentioned 42 candidates, along with 13 potential master transcriptional factors (TFs). These TFs might enhance core DEGs expression via direct or indirect means, thereby boosting 10DAB/B-III/10DAT accumulation and high yield. Subsequent functional verification for two representative TFs of 13 candidates through transient overexpression, confirmed that two novel TFs (bHLH-16 and zf-HD-6) significantly enhance 10DAB/10DAT production by activating key DEGs (T7βOH-1, T10βOH-2 and BAPT-2). These findings advance understanding of taxane biosynthesis (especially 10DAB, B-III and 10DAT), providing targets for metabolic engineering of taxanes and Taxus germplasm improvement.
红豆杉可再生枝可生产有价值的紫杉烷，特别是抗癌药物紫杉醇及其关键中间体，包括10-去乙酰baccatin III (10DAB), baccatin III （B-III）和10-去乙酰紫杉醇（10DAT）。然而，对紫杉烷生物合成网络及其跨物种和发育阶段调控机制的不完全了解限制了这些药用植物的靶向遗传改良。在这里，我们整合代谢组学和转录组学分析了在统一环境条件下生长的三种高产（富含10DAB或紫杉醇）红豆杉材料（HZDNF， HZDDB， HZDMDY）不同发育阶段的紫杉醇积累和相关生物合成基因表达模式。我们的研究鉴定了55种不同的紫杉醇类和140个与紫杉醇生物合成相关的差异表达基因（DEGs），从而构建了相对全面的代谢网络和基因共表达模式。HZDNF品种，特别是其幼枝（NF-new），表现出大多数6/8/6/4-紫杉烷（包括10DAB、B-III和10DAT）的优异产量，优于其他品种。这与42个潜在的生物合成基因的表达升高相关，包括10个假定的限速酶基因。此外，加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）从上述42个候选基因中发现了34个核心基因，以及13个潜在的主转录因子（TFs）。这些TFs可能通过直接或间接的方式增强核心DEGs的表达，从而促进10DAB/B-III/10DAT的积累和高产。随后通过瞬时过表达对13个候选TFs中的两个代表性TFs进行功能验证，证实了两个新的TFs （bHLH-16和zf-HD-6）通过激活关键DEGs （T7βOH-1、T10βOH-2和bpt -2）显著增强10DAB/10DAT的产生。这些发现促进了对紫杉烷（特别是10DAB、B-III和10DAT）生物合成的认识，为紫杉烷代谢工程和红豆杉种质改良提供了靶点。
{"title":"Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics reveal mechanisms underlying high-yield accumulation of 10-deacetylbaccatin III, baccatin III, and 10-deacetyltaxol in Taxus mairei twigs","authors":"Liming Huang, Feifan Zhao, Xiangfei Fu, Bin Wang, Longjiang Yu, Chunhua Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122875","url":null,"abstract":"<ce:italic>Taxus</ce:italic> renewable twigs produce valuable taxanes, notably anticancer drug paclitaxel and its key intermediates, including 10-deacetylbaccatin III (10DAB), baccatin III (B-III), and 10-deacetyltaxol (10DAT). However, incomplete understanding of taxane biosynthetic networks and their regulatory mechanisms across species and developmental stages limits targeted genetic improvement of these medicinal plants. Here, we integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics to analyze taxane accumulation and associated biosynthetic gene expression patterns in three high-yielding (10DAB- or paclitaxel-rich) <ce:italic>Taxus</ce:italic> accessions (HZDNF, HZDDB, HZDMDY) twigs across developmental stages grown under uniform environmental conditions. Our study identified 55 distinct taxanes and 140 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to paclitaxel biosynthesis, enabling construction of relatively comprehensive metabolic networks and gene co-expression patterns. The HZDNF variety, particularly its young twigs (NF-new), showed exceptional production of most 6/8/6/4-taxanes (including 10DAB, B-III, and 10DAT), outperforming other varieties. This correlated with elevated expression of 42 potentially biosynthetic genes, including 10 putative rate-limiting enzyme genes. Furthermore, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed 34 core DEGs from the above-mentioned 42 candidates, along with 13 potential master transcriptional factors (TFs). These TFs might enhance core DEGs expression via direct or indirect means, thereby boosting 10DAB/B-III/10DAT accumulation and high yield. Subsequent functional verification for two representative TFs of 13 candidates through transient overexpression, confirmed that two novel TFs (bHLH-16 and zf-HD-6) significantly enhance 10DAB/10DAT production by activating key DEGs (<ce:italic>T7βOH-1</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>T10βOH-2</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>BAPT-2</ce:italic>). These findings advance understanding of taxane biosynthesis (especially 10DAB, B-III and 10DAT), providing targets for metabolic engineering of taxanes and <ce:italic>Taxus</ce:italic> germplasm improvement.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For direct-seeded cotton production following wheat or rapeseed harvested in the Yangtze River Basin, competition of space and nutrients from regenerated seedlings of previous crops (they are weeds actually here) hinders cotton seedlings’growth. This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms of potential removal of the constrain by modifying a commercialized seed coating agent with different exogenous substances (potassium dihydrogen phosphate (PDP), glucose (Glc), and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6)). Treatments included a water control (CK), a basic seed coating agent (BSC), and BSC supplemented with graded levels of PDP (1–8 g L−1), Glc (1.6–6.4 g L−1), or DA-6 (5–320 mg L−1). Effects on seed emergence, seedling growth, photosynthetic traits, and leaf anatomy were assessed through indoor, pot, and field experiments. Results indicated that 4 g L−1 PDP (PDP3) and 1.6 g L−1 Glc (Glc1) were more effective than other treatments, though no synergistic effects occurred when combined. PDP3 markedly improved seed emergence (93.33 %) and enhanced seedling leaf area, height, and biomass. It maintained auxin homeostasis by suppressing IAA oxidase (IAAO) activity, promoted upper epidermal cell expansion, and differentially regulated stomatal distribution, significantly increasing stomatal density on the upper epidermis by 37.0 % while decreasing it on the lower epidermis. PDP3 also elevated pigment content, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase) activity, and net photosynthetic rate (13.70 % higher than CK), resulting in greater accumulation of soluble sugars and sucrose. Field trials further showed that PDP3-treated cotton sustained larger leaf area and higher photosynthetic efficiency in later stages, increasing seed cotton and fiber yields by 18.00 % and 24.00 %, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the modified coating agent, especially PDP3, promotes vigorous seedling establishment by orchestrating a coordinated physiological program involving auxin homeostasis, optimized stomatal anatomy, and enhanced photosynthetic capacity, thereby providing a novel strategy to overcome the early competition bottleneck in direct-seeded cotton systems.
在长江流域，小麦或油菜籽收获后直接播种棉花，以前作物的再生苗（在这里实际上是杂草）的空间和养分竞争阻碍了棉花幼苗的生长。本研究旨在阐明用不同外源物质（磷酸二氢钾（PDP）、葡萄糖（Glc）和己酸二乙基氨基乙酯（DA-6））修饰一种商品化种子包衣剂的潜在去除约束的机制。处理包括水分控制（CK），基本包衣剂（BSC）和BSC， BSC补充了分级水平的PDP(1 - 8 g L−1),Glc（1.6-6.4 g L−1）或DA-6（5-320 mg L−1）。通过室内、盆栽和田间试验，评价了不同处理对种子出苗、幼苗生长、光合性状和叶片解剖结构的影响。结果表明，4 g L−1 PDP （PDP3）和1.6 g L−1 Glc （Glc1）比其他处理更有效，但联合使用时没有增效作用。PDP3显著提高了种子出苗率（93.33 %），提高了幼苗叶面积、叶高和生物量。通过抑制IAA氧化酶（IAAO）活性维持生长素稳态，促进上表皮细胞增殖，差异调节气孔分布，显著提高上表皮气孔密度37.0 %，降低下表皮气孔密度。PDP3还提高了色素含量、核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶（RuBPCase）活性和净光合速率（比CK高13.70 %），导致可溶性糖和蔗糖的积累更多。田间试验进一步表明，pdp3处理棉花后期叶面积增大，光合效率提高，籽棉和纤维产量分别提高18.00 %和24.00 %。这些发现表明，改性包衣剂，特别是PDP3，通过协调生长素稳态、优化气孔解剖结构和增强光合能力的生理程序来促进幼苗茁壮成长，从而为克服棉花直接播种系统的早期竞争瓶颈提供了一种新的策略。
{"title":"A modified seed coating agent enhanced cotton seedlings competitiveness via differential stomatal regulation and auxin-mediated leaf expansion","authors":"Jianxin Zhao, Liwen Lu, Saierdaer Reyimu, Shen Qiu, Xiaofen Yao, Dandan Chen, Wajid Mahboob, Jie Peng, Xiaoqi Xie, Zhao Zhang, Guozheng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122867","url":null,"abstract":"For direct-seeded cotton production following wheat or rapeseed harvested in the Yangtze River Basin, competition of space and nutrients from regenerated seedlings of previous crops (they are weeds actually here) hinders cotton seedlings’growth. This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms of potential removal of the constrain by modifying a commercialized seed coating agent with different exogenous substances (potassium dihydrogen phosphate (PDP), glucose (Glc), and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6)). Treatments included a water control (CK), a basic seed coating agent (BSC), and BSC supplemented with graded levels of PDP (1–8 g L<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>), Glc (1.6–6.4 g L<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>), or DA-6 (5–320 mg L<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>). Effects on seed emergence, seedling growth, photosynthetic traits, and leaf anatomy were assessed through indoor, pot, and field experiments. Results indicated that 4 g L<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> PDP (PDP3) and 1.6 g L<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> Glc (Glc1) were more effective than other treatments, though no synergistic effects occurred when combined. PDP3 markedly improved seed emergence (93.33 %) and enhanced seedling leaf area, height, and biomass. It maintained auxin homeostasis by suppressing IAA oxidase (IAAO) activity, promoted upper epidermal cell expansion, and differentially regulated stomatal distribution, significantly increasing stomatal density on the upper epidermis by 37.0 % while decreasing it on the lower epidermis. PDP3 also elevated pigment content, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase) activity, and net photosynthetic rate (13.70 % higher than CK), resulting in greater accumulation of soluble sugars and sucrose. Field trials further showed that PDP3-treated cotton sustained larger leaf area and higher photosynthetic efficiency in later stages, increasing seed cotton and fiber yields by 18.00 % and 24.00 %, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the modified coating agent, especially PDP3, promotes vigorous seedling establishment by orchestrating a coordinated physiological program involving auxin homeostasis, optimized stomatal anatomy, and enhanced photosynthetic capacity, thereby providing a novel strategy to overcome the early competition bottleneck in direct-seeded cotton systems.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122863
Mohamad Shazeli Che Zain
Wound care management is a significant challenge in clinical practice, prompting the exploration of novel and effective treatments. The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.), primarily cultivated for its oil, shows promising potential beyond its traditional uses. This review explores the phytochemicals present in oil palm leaves, extraction technologies, their biological activities, and underlying mechanism pathways in wound healing. Through an extensive review of current literature, key compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acid glycosides, organic acids, amine and amino acids, and carbohydrates are identified. Numerous studies have reported that catechin, apigenin and luteolin derivatives possess wound-healing properties due to their well-acclaimed anti-inflammatory, angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, and antioxidant effects. They have been forecast to influence the wound healing process by expressing biomarkers associated with various pathways, including nuclear factor kappa b (NF-κB), Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), NF-E2-related factor 2/antioxidant responsive element (Nrf2/ARE) pathways, among others. Importantly, nanotechnology-based formulations such as nanoemulsions and nanogels have demonstrated enhanced targeted delivery of these bioactive extracts, improving their solubility, stability, bioavailability, and site-specific accumulation at the wound bed. The incorporation of nanotechnology in wound care product development thus represents a promising strategy to maximize the therapeutic potential of oil palm leaf phytochemicals. These advancements support the development of precise, next-generation herbal wound care therapies that are both effective and safe. Opportunity and challenges to maximize the exploitation of this leaf are also highlighted at the end of this review.
伤口护理管理是临床实践中的一个重大挑战，促使探索新颖有效的治疗方法。油棕（Elaeis guineensis Jacq.），主要是为了它的油而种植的，在其传统用途之外显示出有希望的潜力。本文综述了油棕叶中的植物化学物质、提取技术、生物活性及其在创面愈合中的潜在机制途径。通过对当前文献的广泛回顾，确定了黄酮类化合物、酚酸苷、有机酸、胺和氨基酸以及碳水化合物等关键化合物。大量研究报道，儿茶素、芹菜素和木犀草素衍生物具有良好的抗炎、血管生成、再上皮化和抗氧化作用，具有伤口愈合特性。据预测，它们通过表达与各种途径相关的生物标志物来影响伤口愈合过程，包括核因子κ b （NF-κB）、Wnt/β-catenin、转化生长因子-β (TGF-β)、NF- e2相关因子2/抗氧化反应元件（Nrf2/ARE）途径等。重要的是，基于纳米技术的配方，如纳米乳液和纳米凝胶，已经证明了这些生物活性提取物的靶向递送，提高了它们的溶解度、稳定性、生物利用度和伤口床的部位特异性积累。因此，在伤口护理产品开发中纳入纳米技术代表了一种有前途的策略，可以最大限度地发挥油棕叶植物化学物质的治疗潜力。这些进步支持精确，下一代草药伤口护理疗法的发展，既有效又安全。最大限度地利用这片叶子的机遇和挑战也在本文的最后强调。
{"title":"Unlocking the potential oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) leaf in wound care management: A review on phytochemicals, bioactivities and underlying mechanism pathways in wound healing","authors":"Mohamad Shazeli Che Zain","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122863","url":null,"abstract":"Wound care management is a significant challenge in clinical practice, prompting the exploration of novel and effective treatments. The oil palm (<ce:italic>Elaeis guineensis</ce:italic> Jacq.), primarily cultivated for its oil, shows promising potential beyond its traditional uses. This review explores the phytochemicals present in oil palm leaves, extraction technologies, their biological activities, and underlying mechanism pathways in wound healing. Through an extensive review of current literature, key compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acid glycosides, organic acids, amine and amino acids, and carbohydrates are identified. Numerous studies have reported that catechin, apigenin and luteolin derivatives possess wound-healing properties due to their well-acclaimed anti-inflammatory, angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, and antioxidant effects. They have been forecast to influence the wound healing process by expressing biomarkers associated with various pathways, including nuclear factor kappa b (NF-κB), Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), NF-E2-related factor 2/antioxidant responsive element (Nrf2/ARE) pathways, among others. Importantly, nanotechnology-based formulations such as nanoemulsions and nanogels have demonstrated enhanced targeted delivery of these bioactive extracts, improving their solubility, stability, bioavailability, and site-specific accumulation at the wound bed. The incorporation of nanotechnology in wound care product development thus represents a promising strategy to maximize the therapeutic potential of oil palm leaf phytochemicals. These advancements support the development of precise, next-generation herbal wound care therapies that are both effective and safe. Opportunity and challenges to maximize the exploitation of this leaf are also highlighted at the end of this review.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122857
Gregory N. Thyssen, David D. Fang, Linghe Zeng, B. Todd Campbell, Don C. Jones, Jack C. McCarty, Johnie N. Jenkins
High yield is one of the most desirable traits in crops. A negative correlation between yield and other desirable traits in crops may be due to either pleiotropy or repulsive linkage. Multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) populations create opportunities for novel combinations of alleles of genes from several parents to exist in one recombinant inbred line. Here, we describe the breaking of the repulsive linkage between yield (YLD) and cotton fiber strength (STR) at Chr. Ghi_A07:90 Mb in a Gossypium hirsutum L. MAGIC population. The loss of a PHL3-like gene (Ghi_A07G11906) may dampen the phosphate (Pi) starvation response, and attenuate a reallocation of resources to root growth at the expense of vegetative and reproductive growth, and thus a reduction in yield. Targeted mutagenesis of transcription factors that modulate abiotic stress responses may be a generalizable strategy for yield improvement in farmed crops.
{"title":"Breaking the repulsive linkage between fiber strength and yield in a cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) MAGIC population suggests dampening starvation responses can increase yield","authors":"Gregory N. Thyssen, David D. Fang, Linghe Zeng, B. Todd Campbell, Don C. Jones, Jack C. McCarty, Johnie N. Jenkins","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122857","url":null,"abstract":"High yield is one of the most desirable traits in crops. A negative correlation between yield and other desirable traits in crops may be due to either pleiotropy or repulsive linkage. Multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) populations create opportunities for novel combinations of alleles of genes from several parents to exist in one recombinant inbred line. Here, we describe the breaking of the repulsive linkage between yield (YLD) and cotton fiber strength (STR) at Chr. Ghi_A07:90 Mb in a <ce:italic>Gossypium hirsutum</ce:italic> L. MAGIC population. The loss of a PHL3-like gene (Ghi_A07G11906) may dampen the phosphate (Pi) starvation response, and attenuate a reallocation of resources to root growth at the expense of vegetative and reproductive growth, and thus a reduction in yield. Targeted mutagenesis of transcription factors that modulate abiotic stress responses may be a generalizable strategy for yield improvement in farmed crops.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"284 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122828
Xingping Zuo, Yunhang Zeng, Zhangjun Huang, Bi Shi, Weixing Xu, Hui Qin, Jiaping Yang, Pan Song
The Chinese Baijiu industry produces over one billion tons of distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) annually, posing a significant environmental challenge. Traditional methods of utilization are hindered by numerous limitations, including insufficient treatment, low-value processing, and high energy consumption. In this study, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), an inorganic adhesive, was employed to bond DDGS for its materialization. APP self-condensed to intensify its van der Waals force attraction to DDGS—eschewing any chemical reaction with DDGS, resulting in the formation of DB-APP4, which exhibits optimal mechanical properties unaffected by variations in DDGS reactivity. With a modulus of rupture of 12.48 MPa, a modulus of elasticity of 2221.65 MPa, an internal bond strength of 0.56 MPa, and a thickness swelling rate of 5.53 %, DB-APP4 satisfies the fundamental performance criteria for particleboard as outlined in ISO 16978:2003. Furthermore, owing to APP’s ability to catalyze the formation of a protective carbon layer on the material surface while preserving the high porosity characteristic of biomass, the flame retardancy of DB-APP4 has reached Class B1. This study not only addresses the challenge of effectively repurposing DDGS but also provides a pioneering and practical approach for the industrial application of DDGS-based particleboards.
{"title":"Sustainable utilization of distiller’s dried grains with solubles: Ammonium polyphosphate bonded particleboard with enhanced strength and flame retardancy","authors":"Xingping Zuo, Yunhang Zeng, Zhangjun Huang, Bi Shi, Weixing Xu, Hui Qin, Jiaping Yang, Pan Song","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122828","url":null,"abstract":"The Chinese Baijiu industry produces over one billion tons of distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) annually, posing a significant environmental challenge. Traditional methods of utilization are hindered by numerous limitations, including insufficient treatment, low-value processing, and high energy consumption. In this study, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), an inorganic adhesive, was employed to bond DDGS for its materialization. APP self-condensed to intensify its van der Waals force attraction to DDGS—eschewing any chemical reaction with DDGS, resulting in the formation of DB-APP4, which exhibits optimal mechanical properties unaffected by variations in DDGS reactivity. With a modulus of rupture of 12.48 MPa, a modulus of elasticity of 2221.65 MPa, an internal bond strength of 0.56 MPa, and a thickness swelling rate of 5.53 %, DB-APP4 satisfies the fundamental performance criteria for particleboard as outlined in ISO 16978:2003. Furthermore, owing to APP’s ability to catalyze the formation of a protective carbon layer on the material surface while preserving the high porosity characteristic of biomass, the flame retardancy of DB-APP4 has reached Class B<sub>1</sub>. This study not only addresses the challenge of effectively repurposing DDGS but also provides a pioneering and practical approach for the industrial application of DDGS-based particleboards.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"295 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122810
Xiangyu Yao, Jiaqi Liu, Can Huang, Jianing Li, Jiawei Mo, Yu Gao, Fenggui Fan, Yingjuan Wang
In the face of escalating global climate change and water scarcity, deciphering and improving crop drought tolerance mechanisms has become a pivotal research focus in both agricultural and horticultural fields. The response and regulation of metabolite synthesis pathways in plants under stress play a crucial role in establishing stress tolerance mechanisms. Salvia sclarea, an aromatic crop that integrates both economic value and medicinal characteristics, has garnered significant attention in the horticultural and agricultural sectors due to its secondary metabolite, sclareol, which exhibits medicinal properties and aromatic traits. However, the potential effects of its synthetic pathways on the regulatory mechanism under water deficiency and the role of endogenous sclareol in drought stress tolerance remain elucidation. Our findings showed that drought stress triggered the up-regulation of gene SsSCS in the sclareol synthesis pathway. Ectopic co-overexpression of the two sclareol synthesis genes (SsdTPS, SsSCS) in transgenic N. benthamiana positively modulated the response and regulation to drought stress by up-regulating gene expression in the MEP pathway and ABA signaling pathway, and promoted the accumulation of sclareol and ABA within the plants. Meanwhile, the co-overexpression enhanced the expression of genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway and the response of the ROS scavenging system in transgenic plants, increased the lignin content in the plants, and reduced oxidative stress damage. These conferred the plants with an enhanced drought resistance phenotype, and increased the content of secondary metabolites. The findings provide theoretical support for investigating the regulatory mechanisms of drought stress in Salvia sclarea, advance functional studies of medicinal plant resources, and offer a novel perspective for breeding innovations aimed at improving drought tolerant crops.
{"title":"Dual gene engineering of SsdTPS and SsSCS boosted secondary metabolites synthesis and drought tolerance via activation of metabolic and stress signaling pathways","authors":"Xiangyu Yao, Jiaqi Liu, Can Huang, Jianing Li, Jiawei Mo, Yu Gao, Fenggui Fan, Yingjuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122810","url":null,"abstract":"In the face of escalating global climate change and water scarcity, deciphering and improving crop drought tolerance mechanisms has become a pivotal research focus in both agricultural and horticultural fields. The response and regulation of metabolite synthesis pathways in plants under stress play a crucial role in establishing stress tolerance mechanisms. <ce:italic>Salvia sclarea</ce:italic>, an aromatic crop that integrates both economic value and medicinal characteristics, has garnered significant attention in the horticultural and agricultural sectors due to its secondary metabolite, sclareol, which exhibits medicinal properties and aromatic traits. However, the potential effects of its synthetic pathways on the regulatory mechanism under water deficiency and the role of endogenous sclareol in drought stress tolerance remain elucidation. Our findings showed that drought stress triggered the up-regulation of gene <ce:italic>SsSCS</ce:italic> in the sclareol synthesis pathway. Ectopic co-overexpression of the two sclareol synthesis genes (<ce:italic>SsdTPS</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>SsSCS</ce:italic>) in transgenic <ce:italic>N. benthamiana</ce:italic> positively modulated the response and regulation to drought stress by up-regulating gene expression in the MEP pathway and ABA signaling pathway, and promoted the accumulation of sclareol and ABA within the plants. Meanwhile, the co-overexpression enhanced the expression of genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway and the response of the ROS scavenging system in transgenic plants, increased the lignin content in the plants, and reduced oxidative stress damage. These conferred the plants with an enhanced drought resistance phenotype, and increased the content of secondary metabolites. The findings provide theoretical support for investigating the regulatory mechanisms of drought stress in <ce:italic>Salvia sclarea</ce:italic>, advance functional studies of medicinal plant resources, and offer a novel perspective for breeding innovations aimed at improving drought tolerant crops.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122879
Zhengxin Miao, Jiawei Wu, Quan Wang, Lei Yu, Rongping Chen
As oil pollution continues to pose serious environmental threats, the development of efficient and eco-friendly materials for its remediation has become increasingly important. In this study, six types of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were used to treat corn stalks, yielding cellulose-rich materials that were subsequently combined with chitosan to fabricate aerogels designed for oil–water separation. The resulting aerogels exhibited high oil–water separation efficiency, achieving over 95 % in the initial cycle and retaining efficiencies above 90 % after at least five reuse cycles. They also exhibited excellent mechanical strength, demonstrating 95 % height recovery after 50 compression cycles at 50 % strain, along with stable stress–strain behavior. Furthermore, the aerogels were amphiphilic in air (contact angle < 90°) and superoleophobic underwater (contact angle > 150°), making them highly suitable for efficient oil–water separation. This study is the first to utilize DES-treated cellulose-rich biomass for the fabrication of aerogels. The DES treatment facilitated precise control over the surface properties of the materials. Moreover, the small amount of lignin retained within the biomass contributed to reinforcing the aerogel network, thereby enhancing its mechanical stability. Compared to conventional approaches, this method not only provides an effective solution for mitigating oil pollution but also adds value to agricultural waste. The resulting aerogels surpass many recently reported cellulose-based aerogels in terms of separation efficiency, recyclability, and environmental safety, presenting a promising green technology for water treatment and pollution control.
{"title":"Controllable fabrication of chitosan-lignocellulose aerogels derived from agricultural waste and their enhanced mechanism in oil-water separation","authors":"Zhengxin Miao, Jiawei Wu, Quan Wang, Lei Yu, Rongping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122879","url":null,"abstract":"As oil pollution continues to pose serious environmental threats, the development of efficient and eco-friendly materials for its remediation has become increasingly important. In this study, six types of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were used to treat corn stalks, yielding cellulose-rich materials that were subsequently combined with chitosan to fabricate aerogels designed for oil–water separation. The resulting aerogels exhibited high oil–water separation efficiency, achieving over 95 % in the initial cycle and retaining efficiencies above 90 % after at least five reuse cycles. They also exhibited excellent mechanical strength, demonstrating 95 % height recovery after 50 compression cycles at 50 % strain, along with stable stress–strain behavior. Furthermore, the aerogels were amphiphilic in air (contact angle < 90°) and superoleophobic underwater (contact angle > 150°), making them highly suitable for efficient oil–water separation. This study is the first to utilize DES-treated cellulose-rich biomass for the fabrication of aerogels. The DES treatment facilitated precise control over the surface properties of the materials. Moreover, the small amount of lignin retained within the biomass contributed to reinforcing the aerogel network, thereby enhancing its mechanical stability. Compared to conventional approaches, this method not only provides an effective solution for mitigating oil pollution but also adds value to agricultural waste. The resulting aerogels surpass many recently reported cellulose-based aerogels in terms of separation efficiency, recyclability, and environmental safety, presenting a promising green technology for water treatment and pollution control.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122854
Md. Imran Islam, Lipi Akter, Muhammad Zamir Hossain
The depletion of fossil fuel reserves has intensified research into renewable and sustainable energy sources, with biomass receiving considerable attention due to its abundance and carbon neutrality. In this work, paddy straw was converted into bio-oils and value-added chemicals through catalytic hydroliquefaction using CeO2 and Zr-doped CeO2 (Zr–CeO2) nanocatalysts (NCs). The NCs were synthesized via a hydrothermal method and systematically characterized. XRD patterns confirmed the formation of a single-phase cubic fluorite structure for both catalysts. HR-TEM analysis revealed nanosized particles with clear lattice fringes, improved crystallinity, and reduced agglomeration after Zr incorporation. FT-IR spectra showed characteristic Ce–O and Zr–O–Ce vibrational bands, confirming successful Zr substitution within the CeO2 lattice. Under optimized conditions (temperature: 200 °C, reaction time: 10 h, catalyst loading: 100 mg), Zr–CeO2 achieved a biomass conversion of 87.9 % and a bio-oils yield of 68.3 %, significantly higher than those obtained with pristine CeO2 (82.1 % conversion, 66.2 % bio-oils yield). GC–MS analysis indicated that the bio-oils mainly consisted of alcohols, phenols, acids, esters, ketones, hydrocarbons, and furans. The enhanced performance is attributed to Zr-induced lattice modification and improved dispersion of active sites, representing a novel catalytic enhancement strategy for efficient paddy straw hydroliquefaction.
{"title":"Hydrothermal conversion of paddy residue into bio-oils and chemicals using pure and zirconium-doped cerium oxide nanocatalysts","authors":"Md. Imran Islam, Lipi Akter, Muhammad Zamir Hossain","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122854","url":null,"abstract":"The depletion of fossil fuel reserves has intensified research into renewable and sustainable energy sources, with biomass receiving considerable attention due to its abundance and carbon neutrality. In this work, paddy straw was converted into bio-oils and value-added chemicals through catalytic hydroliquefaction using CeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> and Zr-doped CeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> (Zr–CeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>) nanocatalysts (NCs). The NCs were synthesized via a hydrothermal method and systematically characterized. XRD patterns confirmed the formation of a single-phase cubic fluorite structure for both catalysts. HR-TEM analysis revealed nanosized particles with clear lattice fringes, improved crystallinity, and reduced agglomeration after Zr incorporation. FT-IR spectra showed characteristic Ce–O and Zr–O–Ce vibrational bands, confirming successful Zr substitution within the CeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> lattice. Under optimized conditions (temperature: 200 °C, reaction time: 10 h, catalyst loading: 100 mg), Zr–CeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> achieved a biomass conversion of 87.9 % and a bio-oils yield of 68.3 %, significantly higher than those obtained with pristine CeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> (82.1 % conversion, 66.2 % bio-oils yield). GC–MS analysis indicated that the bio-oils mainly consisted of alcohols, phenols, acids, esters, ketones, hydrocarbons, and furans. The enhanced performance is attributed to Zr-induced lattice modification and improved dispersion of active sites, representing a novel catalytic enhancement strategy for efficient paddy straw hydroliquefaction.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122872
Guoqi Chen, Xiaowen Dou, Lang Huang, Zihao Liu, Chunxiao Liu, Xiang Zhang, Xiangdong Lei, Guangyu Zhu, Shuang Wu, Zhuoran Li
Cunninghamia lanceolata is an important industrial timber species in the subtropical regions of China, with substantial carbon sequestration value. However, continuous monoculture of Chinese fir plantations results in simplified stand structures and soil nutrient imbalances, reducing their carbon sequestration potential productivity (CSPP). In this study, we estimated the CSPP of 2110 typical Chinese fir plots in subtropical China and analyzed its driving mechanism based on the potential mean annual increment method, machine learning algorithms (random forest), and path models. CSPP demonstrated notable gradient changes across different developmental stages and carbon sequestration grades, ranging from 3.53 to 7.19 Mg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. Middle-aged forest stages exhibited the highest carbon sequestration, whereas the peaks for medium and low carbon sequestration occurred at more advanced stages of forest development. Stand structural factors, notably stand age, dominant height, and mean DBH, had a more pronounced effect on CSPP than that of abiotic factors like climate, geo-topographic, and soil, which influenced CSPP indirectly by modifying stand structure. For medium-sized sites and young forests, the combined effect of stand structure on CSPP exceeded 95 %. Therefore, corresponding density management strategies can be applied in this scenario to maximize productivity. For high site grades, with resource saturation, productivity was driven by unquantified genetic sources and intensive management strategies rather than environmental limitations. Overall, the diagnostic framework, focusing on the interaction between stand structure and environment, provides theoretical support for density regulation and adaptive carbon management across developmental stages, thereby enhancing the carbon sink potential and productivity of subtropical plantations.
{"title":"Structural dominance and environmental modulation of carbon sequestration potential in subtropical Chinese fir plantations","authors":"Guoqi Chen, Xiaowen Dou, Lang Huang, Zihao Liu, Chunxiao Liu, Xiang Zhang, Xiangdong Lei, Guangyu Zhu, Shuang Wu, Zhuoran Li","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122872","url":null,"abstract":"<ce:italic>Cunninghamia lanceolata</ce:italic> is an important industrial timber species in the subtropical regions of China, with substantial carbon sequestration value. However, continuous monoculture of Chinese fir plantations results in simplified stand structures and soil nutrient imbalances, reducing their carbon sequestration potential productivity (CSPP). In this study, we estimated the CSPP of 2110 typical Chinese fir plots in subtropical China and analyzed its driving mechanism based on the potential mean annual increment method, machine learning algorithms (random forest), and path models. CSPP demonstrated notable gradient changes across different developmental stages and carbon sequestration grades, ranging from 3.53 to 7.19 Mg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. Middle-aged forest stages exhibited the highest carbon sequestration, whereas the peaks for medium and low carbon sequestration occurred at more advanced stages of forest development. Stand structural factors, notably stand age, dominant height, and mean DBH, had a more pronounced effect on CSPP than that of abiotic factors like climate, geo-topographic, and soil, which influenced CSPP indirectly by modifying stand structure. For medium-sized sites and young forests, the combined effect of stand structure on CSPP exceeded 95 %. Therefore, corresponding density management strategies can be applied in this scenario to maximize productivity. For high site grades, with resource saturation, productivity was driven by unquantified genetic sources and intensive management strategies rather than environmental limitations. Overall, the diagnostic framework, focusing on the interaction between stand structure and environment, provides theoretical support for density regulation and adaptive carbon management across developmental stages, thereby enhancing the carbon sink potential and productivity of subtropical plantations.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) pose a serious threat to global agriculture, necessitating eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic nematicides. This study explores the innovative use of deep eutectic solvents (DES) to extract bioactive compounds from Artemisia rupestris, offering a sustainable approach to nematode management. Six choline chloride (ChCl)-based DES systems were evaluated, revealing extraction efficiency dependent on the hydrogen-bond donor. ChCl–1,4-butanediol (But) yielded the highest thiophene content (143.65 μg/g), which was 2.9 fold greater than that obtained with ethanol. ChCl–urea (U) and ChCl–citric acid (CA) achieved the highest extraction efficiency for phenolics (267.78 mg/g) and flavonoids (175.32 mg/g), respectively. In vitro assays demonstrated that ChCl–But extracts showed the highest nematode mortality at 86.50 %. Thiophene content showed a strong correlation with bioactivity (r = 0.925), identifying it as the principal bioactive driver. Pot trials confirmed a dose-dependent efficacy, with ChCl–But extracts reducing root galling by 79.59 % and nematode populations by 81.65 %. Moreover, the extracts considerably enhanced tomato plant growth, outperforming the commercial nematicide abamectin. Field trials demonstrated that ChCl–But extracts reduced root galling by 68.37 % and second-stage juvenile nematode densities by 66.30 % while increasing tomato shoot biomass by 59.53 %. Five thiophene derivatives were isolated, exhibiting potent nematicidal activity, with xanthopappin A (compound 3) showing 4.8 fold greater efficacy (LD50 = 2.00 mg/L) than abamectin. This study highlights DES as a sustainable platform for valorizing underutilized plant resources, integrating efficient extraction of bioactive thiophenes with the dual benefits of nematode suppression and crop growth promotion. The findings offer scalable solution for sustainable agriculture, addressing environmental and resistance challenges in nematode management.
{"title":"Deep eutectic solvent–driven extraction of bioactive compounds from Artemisia rupestris L.: Enhancing nematicidal activity and tomato plant growth","authors":"Xue-mei Wang, Hui-dan Shi, Ting-ting Liu, Jia-jia Li, Hai-bo Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122864","url":null,"abstract":"Root-knot nematodes (<ce:italic>Meloidogyne incognita</ce:italic>) pose a serious threat to global agriculture, necessitating eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic nematicides. This study explores the innovative use of deep eutectic solvents (DES) to extract bioactive compounds from <ce:italic>Artemisia rupestris</ce:italic>, offering a sustainable approach to nematode management. Six choline chloride (ChCl)-based DES systems were evaluated, revealing extraction efficiency dependent on the hydrogen-bond donor. ChCl–1,4-butanediol (But) yielded the highest thiophene content (143.65 μg/g), which was 2.9 fold greater than that obtained with ethanol. ChCl–urea (U) and ChCl–citric acid (CA) achieved the highest extraction efficiency for phenolics (267.78 mg/g) and flavonoids (175.32 mg/g), respectively. In vitro assays demonstrated that ChCl–But extracts showed the highest nematode mortality at 86.50 %. Thiophene content showed a strong correlation with bioactivity (r = 0.925), identifying it as the principal bioactive driver. Pot trials confirmed a dose-dependent efficacy, with ChCl–But extracts reducing root galling by 79.59 % and nematode populations by 81.65 %. Moreover, the extracts considerably enhanced tomato plant growth, outperforming the commercial nematicide abamectin. Field trials demonstrated that ChCl–But extracts reduced root galling by 68.37 % and second-stage juvenile nematode densities by 66.30 % while increasing tomato shoot biomass by 59.53 %. Five thiophene derivatives were isolated, exhibiting potent nematicidal activity, with xanthopappin A (compound <ce:bold>3</ce:bold>) showing 4.8 fold greater efficacy (LD<ce:inf loc=\"post\">50</ce:inf> = 2.00 mg/L) than abamectin. This study highlights DES as a sustainable platform for valorizing underutilized plant resources, integrating efficient extraction of bioactive thiophenes with the dual benefits of nematode suppression and crop growth promotion. The findings offer scalable solution for sustainable agriculture, addressing environmental and resistance challenges in nematode management.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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