Industrial Crops and Products最新文献

Induction of root rot resistance in Paris polyphylla by exogenous thiamine and nano-silicon: Efficacy and mechanistic insights 外源硫胺素和纳米硅诱导巴黎多叶植物抗根腐病：功效和机理

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122722

Jinhui Jiang , Wenbo Ying , Ruilin Fu , Junwen Chen , Jindan Wang , Neng Yang , Ting Xu , Honglin Zhang , Zhongquan Yu , Jiahao Jia , Chaojun Shi , Yinbiao Zhou , Qingsong Yang , Shengchao Yang , Tao Liu

In plants, certain small chemical molecules can elicit immune responses that enable them to enhance resistance against pathogen invasion. To develop a safe and efficient strategy for controlling Paris polyphylla root rot, this study systematically evaluated the resistance-inducing effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of exogenous thiamine and nano-silicon. In vitro assays showed that thiamine and nano-silicon markedly inhibited Fusarium oxysporum mycelial growth and spore germination, with maximum inhibition rates of 30.25 % and 14.03 %, respectively. Pot experiments revealed that 15 mmol·L⁻¹ thiamine and 150 mg·L⁻¹ nano-silicon achieved control efficacies of 92.66 % and 88.32 %, respectively, against root rot. Physiological analyses indicated that both elicitors enhanced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and catalase (CAT) activities, promoted the accumulation of total phenolics, and elevated salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) levels, thereby activating systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Transcriptomic profiling revealed that thiamine treatment was associated with the upregulation of genes involved in SA- and JA-related defence responses, including pathogen perception, MAPK–WRKY signalling, and phenylpropanoid metabolism, whereas nano-silicon treatment showed transcriptional signatures related to ROS regulation, antioxidant enzymes, and multiple hormone-associated pathways. Notably, the combined application of thiamine and nano-silicon did not display synergistic effects. Collectively, both thiamine and nano-silicon induced multilayered defence signalling that conferred systemic resistance of P. polyphylla to Fusarium infection, of which nano-silicon exhibited superior disease control potential and practical applicability. These findings provide new theoretical and practical insights into the eco-friendly management of root rot in P. polyphylla.

在植物中，某些小的化学分子可以引起免疫反应，使它们能够增强对病原体入侵的抵抗力。为了建立安全有效的防治多叶根腐病的策略，本研究系统评价了外源硫胺素和纳米硅诱导多叶根腐病抗性的作用及其分子机制。体外实验表明，硫胺素和纳米硅对尖孢镰刀菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发均有显著抑制作用，最大抑制率分别为30.25 %和14.03 %。盆栽实验表明，15 mmol·L⁻¹ 硫胺素和150 mg·L⁻¹ 纳米硅对根腐病的防治效果分别为92.66 %和88.32 %。生理分析表明，两种激发子都能增强苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性，促进总酚类物质的积累，提高水杨酸（SA）和茉莉酸（JA）的水平，从而激活全身获得性抗性（SAR）。转录组学分析显示，硫胺素处理与SA和ja相关防御反应相关基因的上调有关，包括病原体感知、MAPK-WRKY信号传导和苯丙素代谢，而纳米硅处理显示了与ROS调节、抗氧化酶和多种激素相关途径相关的转录特征。值得注意的是，硫胺素与纳米硅的联合应用并没有表现出协同效应。总的来说，硫胺素和纳米硅都诱导了多层防御信号，赋予了多叶杨对镰刀菌感染的系统性抗性，其中纳米硅表现出优越的疾病控制潜力和实用性。这些发现为多叶根腐病的生态管理提供了新的理论和实践见解。

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引用次数: 0

Industry-ready purification of multi-target acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from Gardenia jasminoides fruit: UNIFAC-guided consecutive-CCC and integrated bioactivity validation 栀子果实中多靶点乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂的工业纯化：unifacc引导的连续ccc和综合生物活性验证

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122699

Wanchao Hou , Huazhou Niu , Sainan Li , Yuchi Zhang , Chunming Liu

This work establishes an industry-oriented strategy for discovering and producing bioactive constituents from Gardenia jasminoides fruit. Target-directed affinity affinity ultrafiltration combined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry enabled rapid identification of acetylcholinesterase-binding compounds, which were structurally confirmed through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. UNIFAC-guided optimization improved solvent system design in consecutive-counter-current chromatography, markedly reducing organic solvent consumption while maintaining stable stationary phase retention. In combination with semi-preparative HPLC, eight neuroprotective compounds with > 90 % purity were obtained. These compounds significantly alleviated microglial inflammatory responses and reduced APP and BACE1 expression in vitro, indicating multi-target contributions to cognitive health support. The integrated workflow demonstrates strong scalability, operational stability, and green processing advantages, positioning G. jasminoides-derived constituents as promising functional food and nutraceutical ingredients and providing technical support for industrial-scale production.

本研究为栀子果实中生物活性成分的发现和生产提供了一种工业导向的策略。靶向亲和超滤结合液相色谱-质谱联用技术能够快速鉴定乙酰胆碱酯酶结合化合物，并通过分子对接和分子动力学模拟对其结构进行了验证。unifacc指导下的优化改进了连续逆流色谱中溶剂系统的设计，显著降低了有机溶剂的消耗，同时保持了稳定的固定相保留。结合半制备高效液相色谱法，得到8个纯度为>； 90 %的神经保护化合物。这些化合物显著减轻了小胶质细胞炎症反应，降低了APP和BACE1的体外表达，表明多靶点的认知健康支持作用。该集成工作流程具有较强的可扩展性、操作稳定性和绿色加工优势，将茉莉花衍生成分定位为具有发展前景的功能性食品和营养保健成分，并为工业规模生产提供技术支持。

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引用次数: 0

In-Situ synthesis of a self-developed phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant in wood for superior and durable fire safety 原位合成自主研发的木材磷氮阻燃剂，具有优异的防火耐久性

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122671

Liping Yuan , Shiyan Zhang , Jiajing Yu , Yi Sun , Youhua Fan , Jianzheng Qiao , Zizhi Huang

Wood, as a sustainable and renewable bio-based material, possesses substantial potential for construction applications. However, its inherent flammability remains a major limitation. This study resolves this challenge through the in-situ synthesis of a novel phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant (TAM) within wood via a two-step impregnation strategy using amino trimethylene phosphonic acid (ATMP), 1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate (THEIC), and melamine (MEL) as precursors. The 1 %TAM-modified wood demonstrated markedly improved fire safety, achieving a limiting oxygen index of 34.2 %, along with significant reductions in total heat release (39.4 %) and total smoke production (51.2 %) compared with pristine wood. These enhancements are attributed to the formation of a dense and continuous char layer that effectively impedes heat and mass transfer. In addition, the in-situ-formed TAM network endowed the modified wood with excellent leaching resistance, maintaining 94.8 % mass retention after 14 days. Especially, it was found that the introduction of THEIC into TAM system significantly enhanced flame retardant effect. This study presents a practical approach for developing durable and high-performance fire-safe wood, supporting the advancement of sustainable bio-materials for industrial applications.

木材作为一种可持续和可再生的生物基材料，在建筑应用中具有巨大的潜力。然而，其固有的可燃性仍然是一个主要的限制。本研究以氨基三亚甲基膦酸（ATMP）、1,3,5-三（2-羟乙基）异氰脲酸酯（THEIC）和三聚氰胺（MEL）为前体，通过两步浸渍策略，在木材中原位合成了一种新型磷氮阻燃剂（TAM），解决了这一挑战。与原始木材相比，1 %的tamm改性木材的防火安全性得到了显著提高，其极限氧指数为34.2% %，总放热量（39.4 %）和总发烟量（51.2 %）也显著降低。这些增强归功于致密和连续的炭层的形成，有效地阻碍了传热和传质。此外，原位形成的TAM网络赋予改性木材优异的抗浸出性，14天后保持94.8 %的质量保留率。研究发现，在TAM体系中加入THEIC后，阻燃效果显著提高。本研究提出了一种开发耐用和高性能防火木材的实用方法，支持工业应用中可持续生物材料的进步。

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引用次数: 0

Valorisation of non-edible and waste cooking oils into hybrid biolubricants: A tribological study 非食用油和废食用油转化为混合生物润滑剂：摩擦学研究

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122693

T.M.I. Riayatsyah , A.H. Sebayang , A.S. Silitonga , Siti Maretia Benu , Md. Abul Kalam , Bela Nurulita , A. Rakha Sebayang , Natalina Damanik , Deswita , N.W.M. Zulkifli

The use of non-edible oils and waste cooking oil as a biolubricant production feedstock can provide a promising and environmentally sound alternative to the current petroleum-based lubricants. The objective of this study was to produce and test biolubricant blends using Calophyllum inophyllum oil and waste cooking oil through esterification, transesterification, and trimethylpropane (TMP) ester reactions. The biolubricant blends produced in this study, denoted as CIWBL (Calophyllum inophyllum and waste cooking oil biolubricant), had properties equivalent to commercial SAE 15W40 lubricants. The CIWBL had kinematic viscosities of 35.46 mm²/s and 6.02 mm²/s, and viscosity index of 115.3 and flash point of 289.2 °C at 40 °C and 100 °C, respectively; these exceeded the minimum required specifications of ISO VG 32 and 46 viscosity grades. The tribological test revealed that the presence of CIWBL was effective in lowering the friction coefficient and wear values compared with those of the commercially available lubricants. The best performance among all the CIWBL formulations was displayed by CIWBL40, which indicated the lowest friction coefficient (0.0336) and smallest wear scar diameter (350 μm). This is due to balanced viscosity and strong biolubricant film formation. On the contrary, the presence of CIWBL in high proportions led to increased wear values because of the excessive amount of biolubricants. The CIWBL concentration between 30 % and 50 % could be the best alternative to be applied as environmentally friendly lubricant additive in hydraulic, machine, and automotive lubricant applications.

使用非食用油和废食用油作为生物润滑剂的生产原料，可以为目前的石油基润滑剂提供一种有前途的环保替代品。本研究以茶树油和废食用油为原料，通过酯化、酯交换和三甲基丙烷（TMP）酯反应制备生物润滑油混合物并进行试验。本研究生产的生物润滑油混合物，标记为CIWBL （Calophyllum inophyllum and waste食用油生物润滑剂），具有相当于商用SAE 15W40润滑油的性能。CIWBL的运动粘度为35.46 mm²/s和6.02 mm²/s，粘度指数为115.3，在40℃和100℃时闪点为289.2℃；这些超过了ISO VG 32和46粘度等级的最低要求规格。摩擦学试验表明，与市售润滑油相比，CIWBL的存在有效地降低了摩擦系数和磨损值。其中，CIWBL40的摩擦系数最低（0.0336），磨损疤痕直径最小（350 μm），性能最好。这是由于平衡的粘度和强大的生物润滑膜形成。相反，由于生物润滑剂的过量，高比例的CIWBL存在导致磨损值增加。CIWBL的浓度在30 % ~ 50 %之间，可以作为环保型润滑油添加剂应用于液压、机械和汽车润滑油中。

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引用次数: 0

Squalene, fatty acids, and minor oil constituents in silflower (Silphium integrifolium) oils from nine varieties grown in Minnesota 明尼苏达州九种银花（Silphium integrifolium）油中的角鲨烯、脂肪酸和次要油成分

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.122590

Hong-Sik Hwang , Sean X. Liu , Maxim Niehaus , Sydney Schiffner , Kevin P. Smith , Jill K. Winkler-Moser

Our previous study found that silflower (Silphium integrifolium Michx.) seed oil had a squalane content and great potential as a new edible oil. The current study aimed to examine the squalene level and other properties with thirty silflower oils from nine genotypes grown in three locations in Minnesota in 2022 and 2023. Oil contents of 30 different seeds determined by hexane extraction of unhulled seeds were 19.41–25.92 %, and squalene levels in oils were 2.98–4.07 %. Two major fatty acids, linoleic acid (C18:2) and oleic acid (C18:1), were 66.52–73.62 % and 15.25–20.32 %, respectively. Contents of α-tocopherol, total phenolics, chlorophyll, free fatty acid, and total polar compounds contents were 277.5–765.6 μg/g, 16.29–33.97 mg GAE/100 g oil, 179.2 mg/kg - 977.6 mg/kg, 0.07 % - 0.53 %, and 5.21–11.18 %, respectively. Correlations between oil properties and growing conditions during two different growing seasons, P1 (90 days until flowering) and P2 (flowering to harvest), were analyzed. Oil content had a positive correlation with P1 temperature. Squalene content in oil was higher with lower P1 precipitation and higher P2 maximum temperature and precipitation. Oleic acid content increased, and linoleic acid content decreased when P2 temperature and precipitation were high. In general, α-tocopherol, total phenolics, free fatty acids, and total polar compounds negatively correlated with P1 temperature and precipitation while chlorophyll level had the opposite trend. This study provides more data on the properties of silflower oil and preliminary insight into the factors affecting these properties.

我们前期的研究发现，银花（Silphium integrifolium Michx.）籽油中含有角鲨烷，具有开发新型食用油的潜力。目前的研究旨在研究2022年和2023年在明尼苏达州三个地方种植的9种基因型的30种银花油的角鲨烯水平和其他特性。用己烷法提取30种不同种子的去壳种子，其含油量为19.41 ~ 25.92 %，角鲨烯含量为2.98 ~ 4.07 %。两种主要脂肪酸亚油酸（C18:2）和油酸（C18:1）分别为66.52 ~ 73.62 %和15.25 ~ 20.32 %。α-生育酚、总酚、叶绿素、游离脂肪酸和总极性化合物含量分别为277.5 ~ 765.6 μg/g、16.29 ~ 33.97 mg GAE/100 g oil、179.2 mg/kg ~ 977.6 mg/kg、0.07 % ~ 0.53 %和5.21 ~ 11.18 %。分析了P1（开花前90天）和P2（开花至收获）两个不同生长季节中油品性质与生长条件的相关性。含油量与P1温度呈正相关。P1沉淀越低，P2最高温度和沉淀越高，油中角鲨烯含量越高。当P2温度和降水量较高时，油酸含量升高，亚油酸含量降低。总体而言，α-生育酚、总酚类物质、游离脂肪酸、总极性化合物与P1温度和降水量呈负相关，叶绿素含量与P1温度和降水量呈负相关。本研究为银花油的性质提供了更多的资料，并初步了解了影响这些性质的因素。

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引用次数: 0

Root-secreted nicotinic acid ameliorates Mn toxicity in sugarcane 根分泌烟酸改善甘蔗对锰的毒性

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122692

Shu Yang , Mei Qin , Junrong Wei , Qiuyue Li , Linjuan Pan , Guizhi Ling , Baoshan Chen , Xinlian Tang , Xiaofeng Li

Nicotinic acid (NIA) is known to function in heavy metal detoxification; however, the regulation and physiological significance of its endogenous secretion in metal tolerance remain unclear. In this study, NIA was identified as a predominant component of Mn-induced root exudates in sugarcane by combining high performance liquid chromatography and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Low-Mn-accumulating cultivars (ZZ1 and GT44) exhibited 1.593.08-fold higher NIA secretion rates than in high-Mn-accumulating cultivars (F175 and GT55) under Mn stress. NIA secretion rates increased significantly with increasing duration of Mn exposure (6–24 h) in ZZ1. High–resolution mass spectrometry analysis revealed the formation of NIA–Mn complex in NIA/MnCl₂ solution. Exogenous NIA significantly mitigated Mn toxicity, reducing plant Mn uptake and tissue Mn content by more than 50 %. It concurrently restored root elongation by 50 %, and reversed Mn-induced leaf chlorosis, elevating leaf SPAD values by 72.9 %. Furthermore, NIA fully reversed Mn-induced malondialdehyde and Evans blue accumulation in roots. Fluorescence microanalysis demonstrated that NIA completely abolished the Mn-induced red fluorescence in propidium iodide-stained root tips. However, NIA did not alter the Mn distribution ratio between roots and shoots or between young leaves and shoots. These findings demonstrate that the Mn-induced secretion of NIA from roots facilitates Mn resistance in sugarcane by excluding Mn uptake through Mn chelation.

已知烟酸（NIA）在重金属解毒中起作用；然而，其内源性分泌在金属耐受性中的调节作用及其生理意义尚不清楚。本研究通过高效液相色谱和超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用，鉴定了NIA是mn诱导甘蔗根系分泌物的主要成分。Mn胁迫下，低富集Mn品种ZZ1和GT44的NIA分泌率是高富集Mn品种F175和GT55的1.593.08倍。随着Mn暴露时间的延长（6-24 h）， ZZ1中NIA分泌率显著增加。高分辨率质谱分析显示NIA/MnCl2溶液中形成NIA - mn配合物。外源NIA显著减轻了Mn毒性，使植株Mn吸收率和组织Mn含量降低了50% %以上。同时，它恢复了50 %的根伸长，逆转了mn诱导的叶片褪绿，使叶片SPAD值提高了72.9 %。此外，NIA完全逆转了mn诱导的丙二醛和埃文斯蓝在根系中的积累。荧光显微分析表明，NIA完全消除了碘化丙啶染色根尖上mn诱导的红色荧光。但NIA对根与芽之间、幼叶与芽之间的Mn分布比例没有影响。这些发现表明，锰诱导的根系NIA分泌通过排除锰螯合作用对锰的吸收，促进了甘蔗对锰的抗性。

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引用次数: 0

Integrative multi-omics analyses reveal species-specific microbiome–metabolite patterns across the leaves, tubers, and rhizosphere of five yam (Dioscorea) species 综合多组学分析揭示了五种薯蓣（薯蓣属）物种的叶片、块茎和根际间的物种特异性微生物代谢模式

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122689

Haibing Li , Ruifei Wang , Qingxiang Yang , Tongyun Xie , Sijia Ma , Mingjun Li , Qiang Wang

Plant–metabolite–microbe interactions are crucial for crop health and quality. Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is an economically significant crop with both medicinal and edible value. However, the mechanisms by which different yam species regulate metabolite–microbiome interactions across plant compartments remain unclear. In this study, we systematically investigated microbial communities, metabolic profiles, and their potential associations in the leaves, tubers, and rhizospheres of 47 cultivars representing five commonly cultivated Dioscorea species in China. Bacterial communities were mainly shaped by deterministic processes, whereas fungal communities were governed by stochastic processes. Endophyte diversity in leaves and tubers was lower than that in the rhizosphere. We identified 33, 15, and 50 core amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and 68, 41, and 51 biomarkers from the leaf, tuber, and rhizosphere, respectively, with bacterial biomarkers outnumbering fungal ones. LC-MS analysis identified 1526 metabolites in leaves and 580 in tubers, and revealed clear species-specific patterns. A random forest model accurately discriminated species (out-of-bag error = 0.0426) based on metabolite composition. Co-occurrence network analysis further indicated that specific core microorganisms or biomarkers were significantly and positively correlated with species-specific medicinal metabolites. This study is the first to characterize interactions among closely related Dioscorea species, their associated microbiomes, and metabolites. Our findings provide new insights into the assembly of plant-associated microbiomes, highlight key microbial taxa that may regulate the biosynthesis of functional metabolites, and offer potential targets for improving the health and quality of medicinal and edible yam crops.

植物-代谢物-微生物相互作用对作物健康和品质至关重要。山药（薯蓣属）是一种具有药用和食用价值的经济作物。然而，不同山药物种调节植物间代谢物-微生物组相互作用的机制尚不清楚。本研究系统地研究了中国5种常见薯蓣品种的47个品种的叶片、块茎和根际微生物群落、代谢特征及其潜在关联。细菌群落主要受确定性过程的影响，而真菌群落受随机过程的影响。叶片和块茎的内生菌多样性低于根际。我们分别从叶片、块茎和根际中鉴定出33、15和50个核心扩增子序列变异（asv）和68、41和51个生物标志物，细菌生物标志物数量超过真菌生物标志物。LC-MS分析鉴定出叶片中的1526种代谢物和块茎中的580种代谢物，并揭示了明确的物种特异性模式。随机森林模型基于代谢物组成准确地区分了物种（out-of-bag error = 0.0426）。共现网络分析进一步表明，特定核心微生物或生物标志物与物种特异性药物代谢物呈显著正相关。这项研究首次描述了密切相关的薯蓣物种之间的相互作用，它们相关的微生物群和代谢物。我们的发现为植物相关微生物组的组装提供了新的见解，突出了可能调节功能性代谢物生物合成的关键微生物类群，并为改善药用和食用山药作物的健康和质量提供了潜在的靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of secondary wall polysaccharides and FLA function in Cunninghamia lanceolata (Chinese fir) 杉木次生壁多糖及其FLA功能的研究

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122681

Haizhao Xi , Wentao Zhang , Huizhen Xu , Zhaodong Hao , Renhua Zheng , Wen Jiang , Xiaocui Yao , Lu Lu , Ye Lu , Kim L. Johnson , Jisen Shi , Jinhui Chen , Yingxuan Ma

Cunninghamia lanceolata (Chinese fir) is one of the most important fast-growing timber tree species in China. Knowledge of secondary wall composition in wood of Chinese fir and the key genes involved in biosynthesis and remodelling processes is largely unknown, information necessary for efficient genetic breeding. In this study, we performed monosaccharide linkage analysis of Chinese fir wood cell walls and used monoclonal antibodies to analyse the cellular distributions of polysaccharide structures in stems. Cellulose, heteroxylan, and mannan were the most enriched polysaccharides that accounted for 71.13 %, 10.71 % and 8.04 % of total sugars. Xyloglucan and type II arabinogalactan contributed less than 5 % in wood tissues. Immunolabelling of stems shows that both xylan and mannan backbones were evenly distributed in tracheid cell walls, with α-1,3-Ara and methyl-esterified α-1,2-GlcA substituted xylans accumulated at developing tracheid walls compared to mature tracheid walls. In addition, Type II arabinogalactans that are mostly attached to arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) showed accumulation at vascular bundles. Fasciclin-like AGPs (FLAs) belong to AGPs subfamily that play important functions in regulating vascular development. Genome blast shows 16 fasciclin-like arabinogalactan-proteins in Chinese fir (ClFLA1-ClFLA16). RNA-sequencing, qRT-PCR, and immuno-histology analysis show that ClFLA2 and ClFLA13 were highly expressed in xylem tissues compared to other cell types. Overexpression of ClFLA2 and ClFLA13 in Arabidopsis altered plant stem development, with reduced xylem vessel numbers, increased lignin content and decreased crystalline cellulose compared to wild-type plants, suggesting important functions of ClFLA2 and ClFLA13 in regulating secondary wall development.

杉木（Cunninghamia lanceolata）是中国最重要的速生木材树种之一。杉木次生壁组成和参与生物合成和重塑过程的关键基因的知识在很大程度上是未知的，这些信息对于有效的遗传育种是必要的。在这项研究中，我们对杉木细胞壁进行了单糖连锁分析，并使用单克隆抗体分析了杉木茎中多糖结构的细胞分布。纤维素、杂氧蓝和甘露聚糖是最富集的多糖，分别占总糖的71.13 %、10.71 %和8.04 %。木葡聚糖和II型阿拉伯半乳聚糖在木材组织中的贡献小于5 %。茎的免疫标记表明，木聚糖和甘露聚糖主干均均匀分布在管胞细胞壁中，α-1,3- ara和甲基化α-1,2- glca取代的木聚糖在发育中的管胞壁比成熟的管胞壁积累。此外，II型阿拉伯半乳糖主要附着在阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白（AGPs）上，在维管束处出现了积累。fasiclin样AGPs （FLAs）属于AGPs亚家族，在调节血管发育中起重要作用。杉木基因组blast显示16个fasiclin样阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白（ClFLA1-ClFLA16）。rna测序、qRT-PCR和免疫组织学分析表明，与其他细胞类型相比，ClFLA2和ClFLA13在木质部组织中表达较高。ClFLA2和ClFLA13在拟南芥中的过表达改变了植物茎的发育，与野生型植物相比，木质部导管数量减少，木质素含量增加，结晶纤维素减少，表明ClFLA2和ClFLA13在调节次生壁发育中具有重要功能。

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引用次数: 0

Anatomical maturity grading and fiber cell wall properties of small-diameter bamboo 小直径竹的解剖成熟度分级及纤维细胞壁特性

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122694

Peng Zhao , Yisheng Tong , Yulong Li , Dezhi Zhou , Wenli Gao , Jinguang Wei , Liang Zhou , Genlin Tian , Zehui Jiang , Youhong Wang

The mechanical performance of bamboo is largely determined by the properties of its fiber cell walls, which develop progressively during culm maturation. Conventional maturity assessments based on age or visual inspection are often unreliable for small-diameter species, where external indicators are indistinct. In this study, an anatomical grading method was applied to evaluate the maturity of Bambusa multiplex culms, and fiber cell wall properties were examined across different maturity types. Culms were categorized into three maturity classes according to fiber wall thickness and lumen size. A combination of atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and nanoindentation was used to characterize cell wall ultrastructure, chemical composition, and micromechanics. The results showed that mature culms contained fibers with thickened secondary walls (S), lower microfibril angle (MFA), and higher cellulose crystallinity. Nanoindentation confirmed significantly greater modulus of elasticity and hardness in mature fibers compared with immature ones. Raman spectra further indicated increased deposition of lignin and hemicellulose and a relative decrease in cellulose concentration with increasing maturity. These findings demonstrate that anatomical maturity grading provides a reliable and practical approach to assess developmental status in small-diameter bamboo. Linking anatomical features to structural and mechanical properties offers a scientific basis for the selective utilization of small-diameter bamboo in fiber-based products and sustainable material applications.

竹子的力学性能在很大程度上取决于其纤维细胞壁的特性，纤维细胞壁在竹子成熟过程中逐渐发育。基于年龄或目视检查的常规成熟度评估对于小直径物种通常是不可靠的，在那里外部指标是模糊的。本研究采用解剖分级法对竹茎的成熟度进行了评价，并对不同成熟度的竹茎纤维细胞壁特性进行了研究。根据茎的纤维壁厚和管腔大小，将茎的成熟度分为3个等级。利用原子力显微镜（AFM）、x射线衍射（XRD）、拉曼光谱（Raman spectroscopy）和纳米压痕技术对细胞壁的超微结构、化学成分和微观力学进行了表征。结果表明，成熟茎秆的纤维次生壁增厚，微纤维角减小，纤维素结晶度增大。纳米压痕证实成熟纤维的弹性模量和硬度明显高于未成熟纤维。拉曼光谱进一步表明木质素和半纤维素的沉积增加，纤维素浓度随着成熟度的增加而相对降低。这些结果表明，解剖成熟度分级为评价小直径竹的发育状态提供了可靠和实用的方法。将小直径竹子的解剖特征与结构和力学性能联系起来，为其在纤维基产品和可持续材料应用中的选择性利用提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Physiological, biochemical, and multi-omics analyses reveal the mechanism underlying strigolactone-mediated waterlogging response in rapeseed 生理、生化和多组学分析揭示了油菜单丁内酯介导的涝渍反应机制

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122649

Ximin Zhi , Xiaohua Bian , Yuexia Zhang , Yuxi Li , Aqarahim Wasim , Guangsheng Zhou , Chen Chen , Ni Ma

Global climate change has caused an increasing frequency of extreme rainfall events, which aggravates the waterlogging risk to pose serious threats to the production of rapeseed. Strigolactones (SLs) have been demonstrated to enhance crop stress resistance by modulating physiochemical processes and gene expression. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms through which SLs alleviate waterlogging damage in rapeseed. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the regulatory effects of SLs on the phenotypic and physiochemical characteristics of waterlogged rapeseed and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results indicated that waterlogging substantially inhibited the aboveground growth and root development, as well as reduced the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, mesophyll and spongy tissue thickness, APX activity, and N, P, and K contents in seedlings. Conversely, SLs activated the glutathione metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways, upregulated GPX, GSH, and 4CL genes, increased amino acids and secondary metabolites, enhanced antioxidant enzyme system and absorption efficiency of N, P, and K elements, promoted photosynthesis and biomass accumulation, thereby effectively alleviating waterlogging damage. At the flowering stage, SLs activated alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways, regulated the GLN1, ASP and PAL genes, increased amino acid and phenolic compounds, which together effectively mitigated the waterlogging-induced yield and quality loss. Overall, this study demonstrates that SLs can effectively mitigate waterlogging damage to the phenotypic traits, physiochemical indicators, transcriptomics, and metabolomics in rapeseed. The findings provide practical guidance for improving waterlogging tolerance in cultivation management, and also an important theoretical basis for genetic improvement in rapeseed.

全球气候变化导致极端降雨事件频发，加剧了油菜籽内涝风险，对油菜籽生产构成严重威胁。己糖内酯（SLs）已被证明通过调节理化过程和基因表达来增强作物的抗逆性。然而，对SLs减轻油菜籽涝渍危害的分子机制了解甚少。本文综合分析了SLs对涝渍油菜籽表型和理化特性的调控作用及其分子机制。结果表明，涝渍显著抑制了地上部生长和根系发育，降低了幼苗的净光合速率、气孔导度、叶肉和海绵组织厚度、APX活性和N、P、K含量。相反，SLs激活谷胱甘肽代谢和苯丙素生物合成途径，上调GPX、GSH和4CL基因，增加氨基酸和次生代谢产物，增强抗氧化酶系统和氮、磷、钾元素吸收效率，促进光合作用和生物量积累，有效缓解内涝危害。在开花阶段，SLs激活了丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢和苯丙氨酸生物合成途径，调控了GLN1、ASP和PAL基因，增加了氨基酸和酚类化合物，有效地减轻了涝渍导致的产量和品质损失。综上所述，本研究表明，SLs可以有效减轻涝渍对油菜表型性状、理化指标、转录组学和代谢组学的损害。研究结果为提高油菜耐涝性的栽培管理提供了实践指导，也为油菜遗传改良提供了重要的理论依据。

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引用次数: 0