Pub Date : 2024-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119954
Xi Cheng , Xin Li , Dongliang Chen , Qiong Wang , Hongli Wang , Kang Gao , Yanchao Luo , Yanni Sun , Conglin Huang
Rosa rugosa, which originated in China, is an important industrial plant, which have been used for landscaping, while its components have been included in foods, pharmaceuticals, and beauty and skin care products. As a potential available oil rose variety, the limited comprehensive understanding of R. rugosa ‘Han Xiang’ has hindered their development and utilization. In this study, UPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS techniques were applied to analyze metabolite dynamics during the development and processing of R. rugosa flowers. In total, 1816 non-volatile metabolites and 1029 volatile metabolites were identified in the development and processing of R. rugosa flowers. Significant differences in the non-volatile and volatile metabolites were detected in the petals and hydrosol. The differentially regulated non-volatile metabolite contents were highest in the bud stage petals, the differentially regulated volatile metabolite contents were highest in the full-bloom stage petals. Some key metabolites affect the presentation of rose color, flavor, and taste, as well as the efficacy of the product. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive understanding of R. rugosa ‘Han Xiang’ and to serve as a basis for further research and development. This study provides useful data for assessing rose flower quality as well as new insights into R. rugosa development and utility.
蔷薇原产于中国，是一种重要的工业植物，被用于美化环境，其成分也被用于食品、药品、美容护肤品中。作为一种潜在的油用玫瑰品种，人们对 R. rugosa 'Han Xiang' 的全面了解有限，阻碍了其开发和利用。本研究采用 UPLC-MS/MS 和 GC-MS 技术分析了 R. rugosa 花在生长和加工过程中代谢物的动态变化。共鉴定出 1816 种非挥发性代谢物和 1029 种挥发性代谢物。在花瓣和水溶液中检测到的非挥发性代谢物和挥发性代谢物存在显著差异。花蕾期花瓣中受差异调节的非挥发性代谢物含量最高，盛花期花瓣中受差异调节的挥发性代谢物含量最高。一些关键代谢物会影响玫瑰花的色泽、风味和口感，并影响产品的功效。本文旨在全面了解 R. rugosa 'Han Xiang'，并为进一步的研究和开发提供依据。这项研究为评估玫瑰花的质量提供了有用的数据，也为 R. rugosa 的发展和用途提供了新的见解。
{"title":"Untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed metabolite dynamics during the development and processing of Rosa rugosa flowers","authors":"Xi Cheng , Xin Li , Dongliang Chen , Qiong Wang , Hongli Wang , Kang Gao , Yanchao Luo , Yanni Sun , Conglin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Rosa rugosa</em>, which originated in China, is an important industrial plant, which have been used for landscaping, while its components have been included in foods, pharmaceuticals, and beauty and skin care products. As a potential available oil rose variety, the limited comprehensive understanding of <em>R. rugosa</em> ‘Han Xiang’ has hindered their development and utilization. In this study, UPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS techniques were applied to analyze metabolite dynamics during the development and processing of <em>R. rugosa</em> flowers. In total, 1816 non-volatile metabolites and 1029 volatile metabolites were identified in the development and processing of <em>R. rugosa</em> flowers. Significant differences in the non-volatile and volatile metabolites were detected in the petals and hydrosol. The differentially regulated non-volatile metabolite contents were highest in the bud stage petals, the differentially regulated volatile metabolite contents were highest in the full-bloom stage petals. Some key metabolites affect the presentation of rose color, flavor, and taste, as well as the efficacy of the product. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive understanding of <em>R. rugosa</em> ‘Han Xiang’ and to serve as a basis for further research and development. This study provides useful data for assessing rose flower quality as well as new insights into <em>R. rugosa</em> development and utility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 119954"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119961
Mingyang Sun , Yanhui Feng , Huishuang Di , Lin Lin
Biochar is suitable for preparing shape stable composite phase change materials (sscPCMs) due to the advantages of cost-effective, environmentally, and sustainability. However, the heat properties of biochar-based sscPCMs were not consistent. To investigate how different types of biochar influence the thermal properties of sscPCMs, three types of sscPCMs were successfully prepared using peanut shell biochar (PSC), poplar wood biochar (PWC), and corn straw biochar (CSC) as framework materials and combined with stearic acid (SA). A comprehensive analysis of the thermal properties of three sscPCMs was performed, taking into account thermal conductivity, phase change latent heat, encapsulation efficiency, crystallization rate, and energy storage efficiency. The study indicated that among the three types of sscPCMs, SA/PWC sscPCMs demonstrated excellent comprehensive performance. The phase change latent heat of SA/PWC reached 100.13 J/g, and the thermal conductivity was 0.38 W/mK. Compared to SA/PSC, the phase change latent heat of SA/PWC increased by 45.96 %, with only a 28.30 % reduction in thermal conductivity. In comparison to SA/CSC, the thermal conductivity of SA/PWC improved by 18.75 %, while the phase change latent heat decreased by only 14.02 %. In addition, the proportions of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin played a crucial role in determining the thermal properties of sscPCMs. This study clarified the mechanism by which biochar influences the thermal characteristic of sscPCMs, offering valuable insights for choosing biochar framework materials.
{"title":"Evaluation into the effect of lignocellulosic biochar on the thermal properties of shape stable composite phase change materials","authors":"Mingyang Sun , Yanhui Feng , Huishuang Di , Lin Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biochar is suitable for preparing shape stable composite phase change materials (sscPCMs) due to the advantages of cost-effective, environmentally, and sustainability. However, the heat properties of biochar-based sscPCMs were not consistent. To investigate how different types of biochar influence the thermal properties of sscPCMs, three types of sscPCMs were successfully prepared using peanut shell biochar (PSC), poplar wood biochar (PWC), and corn straw biochar (CSC) as framework materials and combined with stearic acid (SA). A comprehensive analysis of the thermal properties of three sscPCMs was performed, taking into account thermal conductivity, phase change latent heat, encapsulation efficiency, crystallization rate, and energy storage efficiency. The study indicated that among the three types of sscPCMs, SA/PWC sscPCMs demonstrated excellent comprehensive performance. The phase change latent heat of SA/PWC reached 100.13 J/g, and the thermal conductivity was 0.38 W/mK. Compared to SA/PSC, the phase change latent heat of SA/PWC increased by 45.96 %, with only a 28.30 % reduction in thermal conductivity. In comparison to SA/CSC, the thermal conductivity of SA/PWC improved by 18.75 %, while the phase change latent heat decreased by only 14.02 %. In addition, the proportions of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin played a crucial role in determining the thermal properties of sscPCMs. This study clarified the mechanism by which biochar influences the thermal characteristic of sscPCMs, offering valuable insights for choosing biochar framework materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 119961"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119974
Shihao Su , Chenli Wu , Lei Wang
Catechyl lignin (C-lignin) is recognized as a uniform and straight biopolymer that stands out as an exemplary archetype of what is often referred to as "ideal lignin." This difference is due to its unique ability to efficiently depolymerize into a single catechol product. This remarkable property makes C-lignin suitable for further applications and highlights its potential for the production of chemicals. In this study, a protocol utilizing maleic acid aqueous (MAA) was developed for the effective disassembly of coexisting C-lignin and G/S-lignin in castor shells under mild conditions. Thioacidolysis combined with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analyses revealed a significant enrichment of benzodioxane units, without observation of β-O-4 structures from G/S-lignin. The mechanism underlying selective disassembly of coexisting C-lignin and G/S-lignin in castor shells was comprehensive elucidated by analyzing the chemical structure change of benzodioxane and β-O-4 lignin model compounds. Furthermore, the structural characteristics of the disassembled C-lignin were synthetically evaluated, highlighting its narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw = 2432–2763 Da) and high hydroxyl content (aliphatic OH = 7.7–8.4 mmol/g; catechol OH = 5.7–7.5 mmol/g). Compared with the feedstock containing C-lignin and G/S-lignin, the extracted C-lignin sample showed exceptional catalytic activity and selectivity. The results show that the Pd/C-catalyzed hydrogenation reaction mainly produces catechylpropanol compounds (selectivity as high as 97 %).
{"title":"Disassembly of catechyl lignin from castor shells by maleic acid aqueous and production of single catechols","authors":"Shihao Su , Chenli Wu , Lei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Catechyl lignin (C-lignin) is recognized as a uniform and straight biopolymer that stands out as an exemplary archetype of what is often referred to as \"ideal lignin.\" This difference is due to its unique ability to efficiently depolymerize into a single catechol product. This remarkable property makes C-lignin suitable for further applications and highlights its potential for the production of chemicals. In this study, a protocol utilizing maleic acid aqueous (MAA) was developed for the effective disassembly of coexisting C-lignin and G/S-lignin in castor shells under mild conditions. Thioacidolysis combined with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analyses revealed a significant enrichment of benzodioxane units, without observation of β-O-4 structures from G/S-lignin. The mechanism underlying selective disassembly of coexisting C-lignin and G/S-lignin in castor shells was comprehensive elucidated by analyzing the chemical structure change of benzodioxane and β-O-4 lignin model compounds. Furthermore, the structural characteristics of the disassembled C-lignin were synthetically evaluated, highlighting its narrow molecular weight distribution (<em>M</em><sub>w</sub> = 2432–2763 Da) and high hydroxyl content (aliphatic OH = 7.7–8.4 mmol/g; catechol OH = 5.7–7.5 mmol/g). Compared with the feedstock containing C-lignin and G/S-lignin, the extracted C-lignin sample showed exceptional catalytic activity and selectivity. The results show that the Pd/C-catalyzed hydrogenation reaction mainly produces catechylpropanol compounds (selectivity as high as 97 %).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 119974"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research aimed to prepare a microemulsion of Kaffir lime oil (KLO) using photocrosslinkable bio-based copolymers as polymer shells. First, cinnamyl alcohol was used as a biomonomer, which was functionalized with methacrylic anhydride via an esterification reaction to contain a double bond named cinnamyl methacrylate. Then, it was copolymerized with methacrylic acid by solution iodine transfer polymerization, resulting in polymethacrylic acid-block-polycinnamyl methacrylate-block-poly methacrylic acid (PMAA-b-PCMA-b-PMAA) with a molecular weight of 2700 g/mol and a chain length of PMAA-b-PCMA-b-PMAA equals 7: 6: 7 units. After that, PMAA-b-PCMA-b-PMAA (BioSurf) was used as the polymer shell to encapsulate KLO in a microemulsion system cooperative with Tween 80 (surfactant; Surf) and ethanol (co-surfactant; CoSurf). The ratio of kaffir lime oil: Surf-CoSurf was varied from 1: 9 to 9: 1 (wt) where Surfmix was BioSurf: Surf: Co-Surf ratio of 1: 1: 1 (wt) dispersed in water at 400 rpm for 5 min. The optimal contents of oil, Surfmix, and water were 6 %, 24 %, and 70 %, respectively, with the nanocapsule size at about 68 nm. After UV curing at 254 nm for 120 min, the dimerization of cinnamyl groups in PCMA was confirmed by UV spectroscopy, where the absorbance peaks of cinnamyl groups at 283 and 294 nm significantly decreased. The encapsulated KLO was slowly permeating skin which was only 10 % after 1 h, with the anti-inflammatory percentage of inhibited nitric oxide production in macrophage cells at 19.24 ± 1.63. Moreover, nanocapsules did not show toxicity to human skin cells at concentrations less than or equal to 1 v/v%. Moreover, the microemulsion is thermodynamically stable at 4 °C, 30 °C, and 45 °C. The encapsulation of KLO in microemulsion might be an alternative candidate for cosmetic products and related applications.
{"title":"Microemulsion containing Kaffir lime oil using photo-crosslinkable bio-based copolymer","authors":"Ploysuda Saeun , Preeyaporn Chaiyasat , Amorn Chaiyasat","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The research aimed to prepare a microemulsion of Kaffir lime oil (KLO) using photocrosslinkable bio-based copolymers as polymer shells. First, cinnamyl alcohol was used as a biomonomer, which was functionalized with methacrylic anhydride via an esterification reaction to contain a double bond named cinnamyl methacrylate. Then, it was copolymerized with methacrylic acid by solution iodine transfer polymerization, resulting in polymethacrylic acid-<em>block</em>-polycinnamyl methacrylate-<em>block</em>-poly methacrylic acid (PMAA-<em>b</em>-PCMA-<em>b</em>-PMAA) with a molecular weight of 2700 g/mol and a chain length of PMAA-<em>b</em>-PCMA-<em>b</em>-PMAA equals 7: 6: 7 units. After that, PMAA-<em>b</em>-PCMA-<em>b</em>-PMAA (BioSurf) was used as the polymer shell to encapsulate KLO in a microemulsion system cooperative with Tween 80 (surfactant; Surf) and ethanol (co-surfactant; CoSurf). The ratio of kaffir lime oil: Surf-CoSurf was varied from 1: 9 to 9: 1 (wt) where Surf<sub>mix</sub> was BioSurf: Surf: Co-Surf ratio of 1: 1: 1 (wt) dispersed in water at 400 rpm for 5 min. The optimal contents of oil, Surf<sub>mix,</sub> and water were 6 %, 24 %, and 70 %, respectively, with the nanocapsule size at about 68 nm. After UV curing at 254 nm for 120 min, the dimerization of cinnamyl groups in PCMA was confirmed by UV spectroscopy, where the absorbance peaks of cinnamyl groups at 283 and 294 nm significantly decreased. The encapsulated KLO was slowly permeating skin which was only 10 % after 1 h, with the anti-inflammatory percentage of inhibited nitric oxide production in macrophage cells at 19.24 ± 1.63. Moreover, nanocapsules did not show toxicity to human skin cells at concentrations less than or equal to 1 v/v%. Moreover, the microemulsion is thermodynamically stable at 4 °C, 30 °C, and 45 °C. The encapsulation of KLO in microemulsion might be an alternative candidate for cosmetic products and related applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 119949"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119952
Kailin Li , Shunli Xiao , Lian Zhu , Liangyin Shu , Yufeng Zou , Jiayi Wang , Yifan Chen , Fang Yan , Wei Cai
Menispermi Rhizoma (MR) is the dried rhizome of Menispermum dauricum DC, which has been used to treat sore throat, enteritis, and rheumatic arthralgia. These therapeutic effects are attributed to its alkaloid ingredient. However, the chemical composition, anti-inflammatory mechanisms and the spatiotemporal distribution of the bioactive ingredients in MR have seldom been investigated. This study aims to clarify the anti-inflammation mechanism, material basis, and their spatial distribution of MR. Here, a LC/MS-based Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) strategy was used to rapidly exhibit alkaloid molecular clusters that improve annotation accuracy and discover more unknown compounds. Then, a high-sensitive air flow-assisted ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AFAI-MSI) method was developed to visualize the spatial distributions alkaloids in different botanical parts of MR. The anti-inflammation mechanism was investigated based on network pharmacology and verified by molecular docking experiment. Finally, a total of 106 alkaloids including 24 aporphines, 23 monobenzylisoquinolines, 20 morphinanes, 20 proberberines, 12 bisbenzylisoquinolines, and 7 amides were identified in MR as well as 24 alkaloids were visualized in the medullary ray, cortex and epidermis regions. Moreover, the targets with a higher degree in the PPI network were TNF, GAPDH, AKT1, ALB, STAT3. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that MR in anti-inflammatory mechanism mainly involved plasma membrane, ATP binding, cytoplasm, identical protein binding and ATP binding. The signaling pathways mainly included NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications. The molecular docking results indicated that stepharanine-2-O-glucoside, bianfugedine, bianfugecine, dehydrostephanine had excellent affinity with SRC, MMP9 AKT1, STAT3 and TNF. This study comprehensively characterized the alkaloid ingredients and spatial distribution of MR, and revealed potential mechanism of MR in inflammation, which provides a reference for development and application of MR and other Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs).
{"title":"Integrated strategy of mass spectrometry imaging and LC/MS-based GNPS for spatial characterization of alkaloids from Menispermi Rhizoma and study on potential anti-inflammatory mechanism by network pharmacology and molecular docking","authors":"Kailin Li , Shunli Xiao , Lian Zhu , Liangyin Shu , Yufeng Zou , Jiayi Wang , Yifan Chen , Fang Yan , Wei Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Menispermi Rhizoma</em> (MR) is the dried rhizome of <em>Menispermum dauricum</em> DC, which has been used to treat sore throat, enteritis, and rheumatic arthralgia. These therapeutic effects are attributed to its alkaloid ingredient. However, the chemical composition, anti-inflammatory mechanisms and the spatiotemporal distribution of the bioactive ingredients in MR have seldom been investigated. This study aims to clarify the anti-inflammation mechanism, material basis, and their spatial distribution of MR. Here, a LC/MS-based Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) strategy was used to rapidly exhibit alkaloid molecular clusters that improve annotation accuracy and discover more unknown compounds. Then, a high-sensitive air flow-assisted ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AFAI-MSI) method was developed to visualize the spatial distributions alkaloids in different botanical parts of MR. The anti-inflammation mechanism was investigated based on network pharmacology and verified by molecular docking experiment. Finally, a total of 106 alkaloids including 24 aporphines, 23 monobenzylisoquinolines, 20 morphinanes, 20 proberberines, 12 bisbenzylisoquinolines, and 7 amides were identified in MR as well as 24 alkaloids were visualized in the medullary ray, cortex and epidermis regions. Moreover, the targets with a higher degree in the PPI network were TNF, GAPDH, AKT1, ALB, STAT3. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that MR in anti-inflammatory mechanism mainly involved plasma membrane, ATP binding, cytoplasm, identical protein binding and ATP binding. The signaling pathways mainly included NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications. The molecular docking results indicated that stepharanine-2-O-glucoside, bianfugedine, bianfugecine, dehydrostephanine had excellent affinity with SRC, MMP9 AKT1, STAT3 and TNF. This study comprehensively characterized the alkaloid ingredients and spatial distribution of MR, and revealed potential mechanism of MR in inflammation, which provides a reference for development and application of MR and other Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 119952"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119955
Liujun Pei , He Zhu , Siping Gong , Wenbin Dong , Lei Zhu , Jiping Wang
Cotton textile dyeing consumes large amounts of energy and water and discharges large amount of wastewater and pollutants. Zero or less discharge of the wastewater and contaminants from the cotton textile dyeing has been under high demands from textile industry. Recently, a novel reactive dyeing technology of using a non-aqueous medium with little water (NMLW) was developed for cotton fabrics. However, the use of high concentration of reactive dyes in the system triggers aggregation of the dyes in cotton fibers, influencing the quality of dyed cotton textiles. In this investigation, adsorption, diffusion, and aggregation behavior of reactive dyes in cotton fibers were studied. Compared to traditional water-based dyeing system, cotton fabrics demonstrated superior color depth, as long with higher rates of dye uptake and fixation for reactive dyes. At low dye concentrations, the maximum absorption wavelengths of reactive dyes were unchanged, and complied with the Lambot-Beer law. However, when the dye concentration was excessively high, reactive dyes with different molecular structures, as well as multi-layer dye aggregates with π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding interactions, showed different light absorption spectral characteristics and photophysical properties. Moreover, the dye particle size and dye ionization were influenced by the dye concentration, molecular weight, molecular configuration, etc. Analysis of the molecular dynamics of reactive dyes revealed that the maximum dye aggregation size was predominantly dimer at low dye concentration. However, the dimer ratio significantly decreased, while the trimer ratio increased, and higher-order aggregates were observed at a higher dye concentration. The strength of hydrogen bonds between dye molecules and water molecules, as well as the number of water molecules surrounding dye molecules, was influenced by dye concentration and alkali. This study provides a foundation for understanding the micro-aggregation behavior of reactive dyes and offer guidance for optimizing the dyeing process in practical production settings.
{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of dye adsorption and supramolecular interaction between dyes and cotton fibers in non-aqueous media/less water dyeing system","authors":"Liujun Pei , He Zhu , Siping Gong , Wenbin Dong , Lei Zhu , Jiping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cotton textile dyeing consumes large amounts of energy and water and discharges large amount of wastewater and pollutants. Zero or less discharge of the wastewater and contaminants from the cotton textile dyeing has been under high demands from textile industry. Recently, a novel reactive dyeing technology of using a non-aqueous medium with little water (NMLW) was developed for cotton fabrics. However, the use of high concentration of reactive dyes in the system triggers aggregation of the dyes in cotton fibers, influencing the quality of dyed cotton textiles. In this investigation, adsorption, diffusion, and aggregation behavior of reactive dyes in cotton fibers were studied. Compared to traditional water-based dyeing system, cotton fabrics demonstrated superior color depth, as long with higher rates of dye uptake and fixation for reactive dyes. At low dye concentrations, the maximum absorption wavelengths of reactive dyes were unchanged, and complied with the Lambot-Beer law. However, when the dye concentration was excessively high, reactive dyes with different molecular structures, as well as multi-layer dye aggregates with π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding interactions, showed different light absorption spectral characteristics and photophysical properties. Moreover, the dye particle size and dye ionization were influenced by the dye concentration, molecular weight, molecular configuration, etc. Analysis of the molecular dynamics of reactive dyes revealed that the maximum dye aggregation size was predominantly dimer at low dye concentration. However, the dimer ratio significantly decreased, while the trimer ratio increased, and higher-order aggregates were observed at a higher dye concentration. The strength of hydrogen bonds between dye molecules and water molecules, as well as the number of water molecules surrounding dye molecules, was influenced by dye concentration and alkali. This study provides a foundation for understanding the micro-aggregation behavior of reactive dyes and offer guidance for optimizing the dyeing process in practical production settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 119955"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Integrating bio-resources into building materials appears as a key point in reducing the environmental impact of the construction industry. Hemp fibre, a locally sourced and annually renewable plant resource, is particularly well-suited for insulation applications. This article aims to determine whether the environmental conditions to which loose-fill thermal insulation in an attic is exposed promote fungal development. To investigate this, the insulation solution is applied in the attic of a demonstration house, and its in-situ behaviour is continuously monitored. Sensors are embedded within the insulation layer to measure temperature and relative humidity at various depths over an 18-month period, capturing the extreme conditions the material encounters. Such conditions are then considered to investigate, in laboratory, the risk of fungal development on hemp fibre. After inoculation and incubation, fungal growth is evaluated through visual analysis and colony-forming unit counts. An isopleth of the tested hemp fibre is then constructed, and the relationship between fungal development and available water is explored through the sorption curve. The results indicate that the risk of fungal growth is reduced under the conditions studied.
{"title":"Assessment of fungal development risk on bio-based thermal insulation","authors":"Lily Deborde , Yves Andres , Christophe Lanos , Florence Collet","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating bio-resources into building materials appears as a key point in reducing the environmental impact of the construction industry. Hemp fibre, a locally sourced and annually renewable plant resource, is particularly well-suited for insulation applications. This article aims to determine whether the environmental conditions to which loose-fill thermal insulation in an attic is exposed promote fungal development. To investigate this, the insulation solution is applied in the attic of a demonstration house, and its in-situ behaviour is continuously monitored. Sensors are embedded within the insulation layer to measure temperature and relative humidity at various depths over an 18-month period, capturing the extreme conditions the material encounters. Such conditions are then considered to investigate, in laboratory, the risk of fungal development on hemp fibre. After inoculation and incubation, fungal growth is evaluated through visual analysis and colony-forming unit counts. An isopleth of the tested hemp fibre is then constructed, and the relationship between fungal development and available water is explored through the sorption curve. The results indicate that the risk of fungal growth is reduced under the conditions studied.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 119889"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119936
Dong Xing , Boshuai Fan
Heat-treated wood has only short-term weathering resistance, while wood cracking, discoloring and other problems will appear in long-term outdoor environments. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the anti-weathering properties of heat-treated wood. In this study, organic ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers and inorganic Cerium/Titanium dioxide (Ce/TiO2) ultraviolet shielding agents were compounded by the simple physical blending method, and the modifiers were loaded on the surface of heat-treated wood by brushing method. The UV-Vis spectrum showed the high transparency and UV shielding of the composite coating. After artificial weathering, the color difference (ΔE) of Ce/TiO2/BTA-HALS coated sample was only 1.64 and 2.68, which is significantly lower than 2.3 and 6.1 of the heat-treated sample. The surface roughness, scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy spectrum also showed that the stability of the coating was significantly improved, and the loss of inorganic particles has decreased. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance proved that the modifier was successfully grafted on the surface of heat-treated wood. The composite coating has a certain synergistic effect in improving the weathering resistance of heat-treated wood and improves the film-forming property of the modifier and the stability of the coating during weathering.
经过热处理的木材只有短期的耐候性，而在长期的户外环境中会出现木材开裂、褪色等问题。因此，有必要提高热处理木材的抗风化性能。本研究采用简单的物理混合方法，将有机紫外线吸收剂、光稳定剂和无机二氧化铈/二氧化钛（Ce/TiO2）紫外线屏蔽剂复配，并通过刷涂方法将改性剂涂覆在热处理木材表面。紫外可见光谱显示，复合涂层具有很高的透明度和紫外线屏蔽性能。人工风化后，Ce/TiO2/BTA-HALS 涂层样品的色差（ΔE）仅为 1.64 和 2.68，明显低于热处理样品的 2.3 和 6.1。表面粗糙度、扫描电子显微镜和 X 射线能谱也表明，涂层的稳定性明显提高，无机颗粒的损失减少。傅立叶变换红外光谱和电子顺磁共振证明改性剂成功接枝到了热处理木材的表面。该复合涂层对提高热处理木材的耐候性有一定的协同作用，改善了改性剂的成膜性和涂层在风化过程中的稳定性。
{"title":"Preparation and artificial weathering properties of Ce/TiO2/BTA-HALS coating on heat-treated wood surface","authors":"Dong Xing , Boshuai Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat-treated wood has only short-term weathering resistance, while wood cracking, discoloring and other problems will appear in long-term outdoor environments. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the anti-weathering properties of heat-treated wood. In this study, organic ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers and inorganic Cerium/Titanium dioxide (Ce/TiO<sub>2</sub>) ultraviolet shielding agents were compounded by the simple physical blending method, and the modifiers were loaded on the surface of heat-treated wood by brushing method. The UV-Vis spectrum showed the high transparency and UV shielding of the composite coating. After artificial weathering, the color difference (<em>ΔE</em>) of Ce/TiO<sub>2</sub>/BTA-HALS coated sample was only 1.64 and 2.68, which is significantly lower than 2.3 and 6.1 of the heat-treated sample. The surface roughness, scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy spectrum also showed that the stability of the coating was significantly improved, and the loss of inorganic particles has decreased. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance proved that the modifier was successfully grafted on the surface of heat-treated wood. The composite coating has a certain synergistic effect in improving the weathering resistance of heat-treated wood and improves the film-forming property of the modifier and the stability of the coating during weathering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 119936"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119968
Ying Li , Ruqian Wu , Tingting Chen , Debin Qin , Xinmin An
Poplar is a major silvicultural tree species for industrial production, with versatile applications in construction, furniture, pulp and biofuel. The phenotypic appearance of male or female floral buds in poplar trees, exhibits a strikingly similar morphology at corresponding developmental stages. However, there are significant differences in internal anatomical structures. The MIKC-type MADS-box transcription factor family plays an indispensable role in regulating the development of floral organs and increasing vegetative biomass, and it is also of great significance in elucidation of the aforementioned morphological differences. This study systematically analyzed the MIKC-type MADS-box transcription factor family in Populus tomentosa. A total of 100 MIKC-type MADS-box genes were identified, which were divided into 14 subfamilies. We examined the physicochemical properties, gene structure, conserved motifs, chromosome distribution, collinearity, promoter cis-acting elements, gene expression profiles, and protein-protein interaction network of these 100 MIKC-type MADS-box members. Excitingly, four clusters of PtMADS members exhibited a high level of abundant expression in the initial and mature floral buds of both male and female, suggesting critical significance in tuning the morphogenesis and development of floral organs, as well as in the modulation of reproductive fitness. The protein-protein interaction network diagram corroborated these findings, substantiating the speculated roles of these genes. Our findings lay a foundational framework for future functional explorations and potential applications of MIKC-type MADS-box genes in this industry tree species.
{"title":"Comprehensive genome-wide characterization of the MIKC-type MADS-box family members and the dynamic expression profiling throughout the development of floral buds in Populus tomentosa","authors":"Ying Li , Ruqian Wu , Tingting Chen , Debin Qin , Xinmin An","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Poplar</em> is a major silvicultural tree species for industrial production, with versatile applications in construction, furniture, pulp and biofuel. The phenotypic appearance of male or female floral buds in poplar trees, exhibits a strikingly similar morphology at corresponding developmental stages. However, there are significant differences in internal anatomical structures. The MIKC-type MADS-box transcription factor family plays an indispensable role in regulating the development of floral organs and increasing vegetative biomass, and it is also of great significance in elucidation of the aforementioned morphological differences. This study systematically analyzed the MIKC-type MADS-box transcription factor family in <em>Populus tomentosa</em>. A total of 100 MIKC-type MADS-box genes were identified, which were divided into 14 subfamilies. We examined the physicochemical properties, gene structure, conserved motifs, chromosome distribution, collinearity, promoter cis-acting elements, gene expression profiles, and protein-protein interaction network of these 100 MIKC-type MADS-box members. Excitingly, four clusters of <em>PtMADS</em> members exhibited a high level of abundant expression in the initial and mature floral buds of both male and female, suggesting critical significance in tuning the morphogenesis and development of floral organs, as well as in the modulation of reproductive fitness. The protein-protein interaction network diagram corroborated these findings, substantiating the speculated roles of these genes. Our findings lay a foundational framework for future functional explorations and potential applications of MIKC-type MADS-box genes in this industry tree species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 119968"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119873
Yaozu Mi , Shuo Zhang , Haohao Yan , Genji Yang , Hua Yang , Yang Zhou , Lei Miao , Xinyan Gao , Yaqi Hong , Hailian Zang , Chunyan Li
In this study, we utilized typical Chinese medicine herbal residues (CMHRs)－Scutellaria baicalensis (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi) residue (SR), as the raw material and employed Na2SiO3 and Fe2(SO4)3 as modifying agents to fabricate a novel and multifunctional hydrochar (FeSi-SRHC), which was designed for comprehensive removal of typical contaminants such as Cu2+, Zn2+, tetracycline (TC), and ciprofloxacin (CIP), along with relevant bio-contaminants (resistant bacteria (RBs) and resistance genes (RGs)) present in wastewater. Based on the analysis of adsorption kinetics and Freundlich isotherm, it was found that FeSi-SRHC exhibited physical monolayer adsorption for Cu2+/Zn2+ while mainly chemical multilayer adsorption for TC/CIP in single-contamination system. Furthermore, Langmuir isotherm demonstrated excellent adsorption capacity of FeSi-SRHC towards Cu2+/Zn2+/TC/CIP with maximum capacities of 255.75, 265.26, 425.53, and 404.86 mg/g, respectively. In the co-contamination system, the presence of Cu2+, Zn2+, TC, and CIP exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory or promotive effects on the mutual adsorption by FeSi-SRHC. This divergence stemmed from differences in complexation intensities and concentration ratios among diverse co-existing contaminants. Based on XPS and Density Functional Theory (DFT) analyses, the adsorption process for Cu2+, Zn2+, TC, and CIP by FeSi-SRHC primarily involves pore fill, complexation reactions, ion exchange, hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking interactions, and electrostatic interactions. Bio-contaminant removal experiments revealed that the release of baicalin and wogonoside from FeSi-SRHC disrupts the structure of RBs cells and compromises the integrity of resistance plasmids. The practical application experiment showed that FeSi-SRHC displayed favorable performance for removing heavy metals, antibiotics, and bio-contaminants in actual wastewater. This study presented a “Treating waste with waste” strategy, which provided a method with low carbon, eco-friendly, and inexpensive for CMHRs resources and turning waste into treasure while proposing a idea to address the challenges associated with treating heavy metal, antibiotic, and bio-contaminant contamination in wastewater.
{"title":"Versatile silicate-modified hydrochar based on Scutellaria baicalensis-residue for efficiently removing heavy metal-antibiotic co-contamination and relevant bio-contaminants from wastewater","authors":"Yaozu Mi , Shuo Zhang , Haohao Yan , Genji Yang , Hua Yang , Yang Zhou , Lei Miao , Xinyan Gao , Yaqi Hong , Hailian Zang , Chunyan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we utilized typical Chinese medicine herbal residues (CMHRs)－Scutellaria baicalensis (<em>Scutellaria baicalensis</em> Georgi) residue (SR), as the raw material and employed Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> as modifying agents to fabricate a novel and multifunctional hydrochar (FeSi-SRHC), which was designed for comprehensive removal of typical contaminants such as Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, tetracycline (TC), and ciprofloxacin (CIP), along with relevant bio-contaminants (resistant bacteria (RBs) and resistance genes (RGs)) present in wastewater. Based on the analysis of adsorption kinetics and Freundlich isotherm, it was found that FeSi-SRHC exhibited physical monolayer adsorption for Cu<sup>2+</sup>/Zn<sup>2+</sup> while mainly chemical multilayer adsorption for TC/CIP in single-contamination system. Furthermore, Langmuir isotherm demonstrated excellent adsorption capacity of FeSi-SRHC towards Cu<sup>2+</sup>/Zn<sup>2+</sup>/TC/CIP with maximum capacities of 255.75, 265.26, 425.53, and 404.86 mg/g, respectively. In the co-contamination system, the presence of Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, TC, and CIP exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory or promotive effects on the mutual adsorption by FeSi-SRHC. This divergence stemmed from differences in complexation intensities and concentration ratios among diverse co-existing contaminants. Based on XPS and Density Functional Theory (DFT) analyses, the adsorption process for Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, TC, and CIP by FeSi-SRHC primarily involves pore fill, complexation reactions, ion exchange, hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking interactions, and electrostatic interactions. Bio-contaminant removal experiments revealed that the release of baicalin and wogonoside from FeSi-SRHC disrupts the structure of RBs cells and compromises the integrity of resistance plasmids. The practical application experiment showed that FeSi-SRHC displayed favorable performance for removing heavy metals, antibiotics, and bio-contaminants in actual wastewater. This study presented a “Treating waste with waste” strategy, which provided a method with low carbon, eco-friendly, and inexpensive for CMHRs resources and turning waste into treasure while proposing a idea to address the challenges associated with treating heavy metal, antibiotic, and bio-contaminant contamination in wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 119873"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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