Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-03-12DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122995
Chen Wang , Qi Miao , Yong Zhang , Lu Liu , Juan Li , Guoming Zhao , Yanming Yang , Kun Huang , Mingzhen Xing , Youtao Ning , Zhenling Cui , Junwei Sun , Yanbin Guo
Continuous cropping obstacles (CCOs) impair soil health and reduce crop yields, posing a significant challenge to agricultural sustainability. Tobacco is a vital economic crop worldwide. For shortage of arable land, tobacco suffers economic losses attributed to CCOs. To address tobacco CCOs, we conducted a 2-year field experiment utilizing microbial inoculants coupled with a mineral soil amendment (tobermorite). Compared to the control, the combined application of microbial inoculants (Bacillus velezensis K01 and Streptomyces xylanolyticus B75) with tobermorite significantly increased yield by 15.8% and economic value by 32.9%; reduced the disease index by 73.8% of black root rot caused by Fusarium spp.; and enhanced the absorption of mineral nutrients, increasing the leaf contents of boron (B), iron (Fe), and magnesium (Mg) by 45.0%, 65.7%, and 40.1%, respectively. Microbial inoculants and mineral soil amendment modulated the soil bacterial and fungal community structures, increasing bacterial and fungal richness, reducing the abundance of pathogens such as Fusarium, enriching beneficial native bacterial genera such as Pseudomonas, and increasing the number of nodes and edges in the fungal network. Path analysis revealed that fungal community abundance was a critical positive driver of flue-cured tobacco yield.
{"title":"Restoration of continuous cropping obstacles by microbial inoculants and mineral amendment in flue-cured tobacco","authors":"Chen Wang , Qi Miao , Yong Zhang , Lu Liu , Juan Li , Guoming Zhao , Yanming Yang , Kun Huang , Mingzhen Xing , Youtao Ning , Zhenling Cui , Junwei Sun , Yanbin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Continuous cropping obstacles (CCOs) impair soil health and reduce crop yields, posing a significant challenge to agricultural sustainability. Tobacco is a vital economic crop worldwide. For shortage of arable land, tobacco suffers economic losses attributed to CCOs. To address tobacco CCOs, we conducted a 2-year field experiment utilizing microbial inoculants coupled with a mineral soil amendment (tobermorite). Compared to the control, the combined application of microbial inoculants (<em>Bacillus velezensis</em> K01 and <em>Streptomyces xylanolyticus</em> B75) with tobermorite significantly increased yield by 15.8% and economic value by 32.9%; reduced the disease index by 73.8% of black root rot caused by <em>Fusarium</em> spp.; and enhanced the absorption of mineral nutrients, increasing the leaf contents of boron (B), iron (Fe), and magnesium (Mg) by 45.0%, 65.7%, and 40.1%, respectively. Microbial inoculants and mineral soil amendment modulated the soil bacterial and fungal community structures, increasing bacterial and fungal richness, reducing the abundance of pathogens such as <em>Fusarium</em>, enriching beneficial native bacterial genera such as <em>Pseudomonas</em>, and increasing the number of nodes and edges in the fungal network. Path analysis revealed that fungal community abundance was a critical positive driver of flue-cured tobacco yield.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122995"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122876
Haiqiang Zhang , Kanglin Liu , Linlin Zheng , Jingyi Zhang , Yurun Xue , Junxue Li , Anqi Lu , Yanzhong Chang , Shengjiang Guan , Jie Cheng
A glycoprotein (DSGP) from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge was purified by Tris-HCl extraction followed by DEAE-52 ion exchange chromatography. The approximate molecular weight (25.0 kDa) and monomeric nature were determined by reduced and non-reduced SDS-PAGE. The structure of DSGP was characterized by a practical and reliable “protein-polysaccharide analyzed by spectroscopy combined with chemical analysis” strategy. This study is the first to demonstrate that DSGP is an O-linked glucomannan protein, wherein its glycan moiety is a glucomannan chain with an average degree of polymerization (DP) of approximately 7. Hemagglutination assays confirmed that DSGP lacks lectin activity, indicating favorable safety properties. DSGP exhibits significant free radical scavenging activity and a unique advantage over ascorbic acid, namely that it does not produce hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) when exerting its antioxidant effects. In addition, as a hydrophilic colloid, DSGP can inhibit the sedimentation of pulp particles by enhancing electrostatic repulsion within the system, thereby exerting an excellent stabilizing effect on fruit juices. Therefore, these results suggested that glycoprotein DSGP could be used as a natural antioxidant and stabilizer in beverage industry.
{"title":"A glycoprotein from Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge: Insights into their chemical characteristics and antioxidant activity","authors":"Haiqiang Zhang , Kanglin Liu , Linlin Zheng , Jingyi Zhang , Yurun Xue , Junxue Li , Anqi Lu , Yanzhong Chang , Shengjiang Guan , Jie Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A glycoprotein (DSGP) from <em>Salvia miltiorrhiza</em> Bunge was purified by Tris-HCl extraction followed by DEAE-52 ion exchange chromatography. The approximate molecular weight (25.0 kDa) and monomeric nature were determined by reduced and non-reduced SDS-PAGE. The structure of DSGP was characterized by a practical and reliable “protein-polysaccharide analyzed by spectroscopy combined with chemical analysis” strategy. This study is the first to demonstrate that DSGP is an <em>O</em>-linked glucomannan protein, wherein its glycan moiety is a glucomannan chain with an average degree of polymerization (DP) of approximately 7. Hemagglutination assays confirmed that DSGP lacks lectin activity, indicating favorable safety properties. DSGP exhibits significant free radical scavenging activity and a unique advantage over ascorbic acid, namely that it does not produce hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) when exerting its antioxidant effects. In addition, as a hydrophilic colloid, DSGP can inhibit the sedimentation of pulp particles by enhancing electrostatic repulsion within the system, thereby exerting an excellent stabilizing effect on fruit juices. Therefore, these results suggested that glycoprotein DSGP could be used as a natural antioxidant and stabilizer in beverage industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122876"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.123067
Shaopeng Cui, Xiaopeng Deng, Qian Yao, Junying Li, Jun Chen, Zhikang Teng, Lingtong Quan, Kun Duan, Yan Xia
A novel soil amendment, TBLSF, was developed by combining tobacco waste-derived biochar (TB) with a soluble fertilizer (SF). Its synergistic effects on tobacco yield, leaf quality, and soil health were evaluated through in-situ field experiments. Application of TBLSF significantly enhanced tobacco growth, increasing plant height by 13.35–15.51%, maximum leaf area by 28.22%, and shoot fresh weight by 1.71-fold. Simultaneously, TBLSF improved leaf chemical quality by increasing potassium (K+) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in upper leaves by 36.8% and 38.6%, respectively, elevating the K+/Cl– ratio by 36.2%, and enhancing soluble sugar content by 47.2%. Regarding soil health, TBLSF increased rhizosphere soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) by 28.80% and available phosphorus by 89.49%, accompanied by significant increases in urease and acid phosphatase activities. Microbial community analysis further revealed that TBLSF enriched beneficial bacterial populations while suppressing pathogenic fungi. In conclusion, TBLSF acts as a dual-functional amendment that enhances both tobacco productivity and quality while improving soil physicochemical and microbial properties, demonstrating its strong potential for sustainable tobacco cultivation.
{"title":"Tobacco biochar-loaded with soluble fertilizer enhances the yield and quality of Nicotiana tabacum: an in-situ field study","authors":"Shaopeng Cui, Xiaopeng Deng, Qian Yao, Junying Li, Jun Chen, Zhikang Teng, Lingtong Quan, Kun Duan, Yan Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.123067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.123067","url":null,"abstract":"A novel soil amendment, TBLSF, was developed by combining tobacco waste-derived biochar (TB) with a soluble fertilizer (SF). Its synergistic effects on tobacco yield, leaf quality, and soil health were evaluated through <ce:italic>in-situ</ce:italic> field experiments. Application of TBLSF significantly enhanced tobacco growth, increasing plant height by 13.35–15.51%, maximum leaf area by 28.22%, and shoot fresh weight by 1.71-fold. Simultaneously, TBLSF improved leaf chemical quality by increasing potassium (K<ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in upper leaves by 36.8% and 38.6%, respectively, elevating the K<ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>/Cl<ce:sup loc=\"post\">–</ce:sup> ratio by 36.2%, and enhancing soluble sugar content by 47.2%. Regarding soil health, TBLSF increased rhizosphere soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) by 28.80% and available phosphorus by 89.49%, accompanied by significant increases in urease and acid phosphatase activities. Microbial community analysis further revealed that TBLSF enriched beneficial bacterial populations while suppressing pathogenic fungi. In conclusion, TBLSF acts as a dual-functional amendment that enhances both tobacco productivity and quality while improving soil physicochemical and microbial properties, demonstrating its strong potential for sustainable tobacco cultivation.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147465483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The extensive use of synthetic plastic-based materials in packaging raises serious environmental and health concerns, driving the search for sustainable alternatives. Cellulose, as a renewable bio-based polymer, presents a promising solution; however, its hydrophilicity restricts its application in moisture-sensitive environments. The incorporation of bio-based coatings can enhance water resistance, yet scalable and efficient strategies remain a challenge in the food and beverage packaging sector. In this study, we present a fully bio-based coating system based on thermally polymerized Tung oil for producing functional cellulose-based materials with enhanced hydrophobicity. The influence of coating thickness, curing temperature, and curing time was investigated through ATR-FTIR, DSC, and TGA analyses, identifying 170 °C for 20 min as the optimal condition to achieve total crosslinking. After dispersion in dimethyl carbonate, Tung oil was applied to cellulose sheets and thermally cured, resulting in significantly improved water repellence while complying with European food contact regulations, as demonstrated by migration tests. Notably, the system was successfully integrated into commercial cellulose substrates, enabling the thermo-forming of 3D structures. Even at only 1 w/w % Tung oil loading, the water absorption of cellulose cups decreased by over 90 % compared to uncoated samples. Furthermore, recyclability tests confirmed that the thermo-formed cellulose objects treated with Tung oil remain completely recyclable into the paper stream. This study proposes a sustainable and potentially scalable strategy for the production of fully bio-based, recyclable, food compliant, and hydrophobic cellulose-based materials, offering a promising alternative to conventional plastic-based materials.
{"title":"Thermal curing of Tung oil for hydrophobic and recyclable cellulose-based packaging","authors":"Giorgia Giusti , Julien Bras , Eleonora Balducci , Fabrizio Pucci , Fiorenzo Parrinello , Naceur Belgacem , Chiara Gualandi","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extensive use of synthetic plastic-based materials in packaging raises serious environmental and health concerns, driving the search for sustainable alternatives. Cellulose, as a renewable bio-based polymer, presents a promising solution; however, its hydrophilicity restricts its application in moisture-sensitive environments. The incorporation of bio-based coatings can enhance water resistance, yet scalable and efficient strategies remain a challenge in the food and beverage packaging sector. In this study, we present a fully bio-based coating system based on thermally polymerized Tung oil for producing functional cellulose-based materials with enhanced hydrophobicity. The influence of coating thickness, curing temperature, and curing time was investigated through ATR-FTIR, DSC, and TGA analyses, identifying 170 °C for 20 min as the optimal condition to achieve total crosslinking. After dispersion in dimethyl carbonate, Tung oil was applied to cellulose sheets and thermally cured, resulting in significantly improved water repellence while complying with European food contact regulations, as demonstrated by migration tests. Notably, the system was successfully integrated into commercial cellulose substrates, enabling the thermo-forming of 3D structures. Even at only 1 w/w % Tung oil loading, the water absorption of cellulose cups decreased by over 90 % compared to uncoated samples. Furthermore, recyclability tests confirmed that the thermo-formed cellulose objects treated with Tung oil remain completely recyclable into the paper stream. This study proposes a sustainable and potentially scalable strategy for the production of fully bio-based, recyclable, food compliant, and hydrophobic cellulose-based materials, offering a promising alternative to conventional plastic-based materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122858"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn, known as “Qianhu”, is a perennial herb with high value in traditional Chinese medicine. However, early bolting during cultivation significantly reduces both quality and yield, posing major challenges for its agricultural and industrial application. Our study systematically examined phenotypic traits, enzyme activity, and the levels of active ingredients. We also applied exogenous hormones to assess their effects on bolting and yield. Furthermore, we integrated second- and third-generation transcriptomic sequencing to identify genes associated with bolting. Comparative phenotypic analysis showed that both aboveground and underground parts grew more rapidly in bolting plants than in unbolting individuals. We observed increased enzyme activities such as POD and SOD, and higher MDA content in bolting plants, while CAT and APX activities decreased. A total of 452,720 ROI sequences were obtained from the PacBio platform, comprising 726,045,259 bases with an average length of 1603 base pairs. Enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes identified two critical pathways associated with bolting: the photoperiod and vernalization pathways. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified seven genes associated with bolting: NAC078, NFYC3, VOZ1, BRN1, CRY2, COL5, and 3-MMP. Overall, this study identifies key candidate genes and co-expression networks associated with early bolting in P. praeruptorum, providing new insights into its transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.
{"title":"Full-length transcriptome and RNA-Seq analyses offer new insights into the mechanisms underlying early bolting in Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn (Apiaceae)","authors":"Mengli Zhou, Qi Wang, Siyu Chen, Weiyi Tang, Zongsuo Liang, Ruihong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122851","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122851","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Peucedanum praeruptorum</em> Dunn, known as “Qianhu”, is a perennial herb with high value in traditional Chinese medicine. However, early bolting during cultivation significantly reduces both quality and yield, posing major challenges for its agricultural and industrial application. Our study systematically examined phenotypic traits, enzyme activity, and the levels of active ingredients. We also applied exogenous hormones to assess their effects on bolting and yield. Furthermore, we integrated second- and third-generation transcriptomic sequencing to identify genes associated with bolting. Comparative phenotypic analysis showed that both aboveground and underground parts grew more rapidly in bolting plants than in unbolting individuals. We observed increased enzyme activities such as POD and SOD, and higher MDA content in bolting plants, while CAT and APX activities decreased. A total of 452,720 ROI sequences were obtained from the PacBio platform, comprising 726,045,259 bases with an average length of 1603 base pairs. Enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes identified two critical pathways associated with bolting: the photoperiod and vernalization pathways. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified seven genes associated with bolting: <em>NAC078</em>, <em>NFYC3</em>, <em>VOZ1</em>, <em>BRN1</em>, <em>CRY2</em>, <em>COL5</em>, and <em>3-MMP</em>. Overall, this study identifies key candidate genes and co-expression networks associated with early bolting in <em>P. praeruptorum</em>, providing new insights into its transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122851"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122874
Tianqi Sun , Yuman Tang , Min Yang , Xuan Ma , Huaxia Qin , Chun Sui
Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I. M. Johnst. is known for producing shikonin, a purplish-red bioactive compound in its roots. This perennial Boraginaceae herb is widely distributed in the frigid Pamir Knot of Asia, and has been extensively utilized in medicine, textile, food and cosmetics industries. Using PacBio and Hi-C technologies, we sequenced and assembled its chromosome-level genome of 2.51 Gb, with Contig N50 at 39.20 Mb and Scaffold N50 at 364.98 Mb. A total of 37,166 protein-coding genes were annotated. Comparative genomic and phylogenomic analyses were performed to explore the molecular basis of its ecological adaptability and evolutionary history. An exceptionally high TEs content of 79.51 % was observed, with two LTR-RTs insertion bursts occurring within the past 0–1 million years, suggesting that A. euchroma may still be in a stage of rapid evolution. Compared with phylogenetic ancestors, A. euchroma shows the expansion of stress resistance gene families that partly explains its genetic adaptation to high-altitude environments. Significant CYP76B subfamily expansion was found, and Aeu01G026690 was first identified as potentially encoding enzyme catalyzing GHQ-3"-OH to deoxyshikonin. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses show that deoxyshikonin-to-shikonin step is the key in the difference of shikonin and derivatives between bark and xylem. This high-quality genomic resource offers deeper insights into A. euchroma's mechanisms of adaptive evolution and shikonin biosynthesis and provides a foundation for plant evolutionary biology and synthetic biology research of A. euchroma, facilitating the conservation and breeding of this species as well as other endangered plant resources in the Boraginaceae family.
{"title":"High-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of Arnebia euchroma reveals insights into ecological adaptability and shikonin biosynthesis","authors":"Tianqi Sun , Yuman Tang , Min Yang , Xuan Ma , Huaxia Qin , Chun Sui","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Arnebia euchroma</em> (Royle) I. M. Johnst. is known for producing shikonin, a purplish-red bioactive compound in its roots. This perennial Boraginaceae herb is widely distributed in the frigid Pamir Knot of Asia, and has been extensively utilized in medicine, textile, food and cosmetics industries. Using PacBio and Hi-C technologies, we sequenced and assembled its chromosome-level genome of 2.51 Gb, with Contig N50 at 39.20 Mb and Scaffold N50 at 364.98 Mb. A total of 37,166 protein-coding genes were annotated. Comparative genomic and phylogenomic analyses were performed to explore the molecular basis of its ecological adaptability and evolutionary history. An exceptionally high TEs content of 79.51 % was observed, with two LTR-RTs insertion bursts occurring within the past 0–1 million years, suggesting that <em>A. euchroma</em> may still be in a stage of rapid evolution. Compared with phylogenetic ancestors, <em>A. euchroma</em> shows the expansion of stress resistance gene families that partly explains its genetic adaptation to high-altitude environments. Significant <em>CYP76B</em> subfamily expansion was found, and <em>Aeu01G026690</em> was first identified as potentially encoding enzyme catalyzing GHQ-3\"-OH to deoxyshikonin. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses show that deoxyshikonin-to-shikonin step is the key in the difference of shikonin and derivatives between bark and xylem. This high-quality genomic resource offers deeper insights into <em>A. euchroma'</em>s mechanisms of adaptive evolution and shikonin biosynthesis and provides a foundation for plant evolutionary biology and synthetic biology research of <em>A. euchroma</em>, facilitating the conservation and breeding of this species as well as other endangered plant resources in the Boraginaceae family.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122874"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122871
Jinhong Tian , Xinglu Zhou , Miaomiao Zhang , Lijuan Wang , Tongming Yin , Lei Zhang , Jianjun Hu
Plant growth, particularly in perennial tree species, is a dynamic trait governed by multiple factors including temporal variation and environmental influences. Although numerous quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping studies have focused on phenotypes at specific time-points, the genetic architecture of dynamic growth traits remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a dynamic characterization analysis of seedling height (SH) and ground diameter (GD) in hybrid population of Populus deltoides ‘Danhong’ (DHY) × Populus simonii ‘Tongliao1’ (XYY) during the first growth season. Integrated Fun-map and FVT-map analyses identified eight overlapping QTLs associated with poplar dynamic growth in poplar, which displayed late expression patterns throughout the first growth season. Based on tissue expression pattern, six genes with high expression in pre-dormant bud, phloem and xylem were preliminarily identified as candidate genes associated with poplar growth. Among them, ARABINOKINASE coding gene PtARA1 was identified, which plays important roles in keeping the balance of L-arabinose in plant cell wall. eQTL analysis revealed that a non-synonymous single nucleotide variation (SNV) at the exon region of PtWRKY89 significantly increased the expression level of PtARA1 in xylem. The individuals carrying this variation exhibited poorer growth than those without it, which further proves the crucial role of PtARA1 and PtWRKY89 in poplar growth. This study provides mechanistic insights and candidate genetic targets for advancing poplar improvement through molecular breeding strategy.
{"title":"Unraveling the genetic architecture and candidate genes underlying dynamic growth in Populus deltoides ‘Danhong’× Populus simonii ‘Tongliao1’","authors":"Jinhong Tian , Xinglu Zhou , Miaomiao Zhang , Lijuan Wang , Tongming Yin , Lei Zhang , Jianjun Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant growth, particularly in perennial tree species, is a dynamic trait governed by multiple factors including temporal variation and environmental influences. Although numerous quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping studies have focused on phenotypes at specific time-points, the genetic architecture of dynamic growth traits remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a dynamic characterization analysis of seedling height (SH) and ground diameter (GD) in hybrid population of <em>Populus deltoides</em> ‘Danhong’ (DHY) × <em>Populus simonii</em> ‘Tongliao1’ (XYY) during the first growth season. Integrated Fun-map and FVT-map analyses identified eight overlapping QTLs associated with poplar dynamic growth in poplar, which displayed late expression patterns throughout the first growth season. Based on tissue expression pattern, six genes with high expression in pre-dormant bud, phloem and xylem were preliminarily identified as candidate genes associated with poplar growth. Among them, <em>ARABINOKINASE</em> coding gene <em>PtARA1</em> was identified, which plays important roles in keeping the balance of <em><span>L</span></em>-arabinose in plant cell wall. eQTL analysis revealed that a non-synonymous single nucleotide variation (SNV) at the exon region of <em>PtWRKY89</em> significantly increased the expression level of <em>PtARA1</em> in xylem. The individuals carrying this variation exhibited poorer growth than those without it, which further proves the crucial role of <em>PtARA1</em> and <em>PtWRKY89</em> in poplar growth. This study provides mechanistic insights and candidate genetic targets for advancing poplar improvement through molecular breeding strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122871"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.122498
Kyeong-Ok Choi , Yeongjun Ban , Youngmin Kang
This study applied a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) consisting of malic acid and choline chloride for bioactive compound extraction from Reynoutria multiflora (Thunb.) Moldenke (syn. Polygonum multiflorum thunb), an important medicinal and agricultural resource. Optimization with 10 % water addition yielded a 90 % NADES system that significantly improved viscosity and mass transfer. The optimized extract provided higher or comparable yields of 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (THSG), emodin, and physcion compared with hot water or 70 % ethanol extracts. It also showed the highest enrichment of polymeric tannins and exhibited superior antioxidant capacity across multiple assays. GC/MS-based profiling and PLS-DA revealed a distinct volatile spectrum, while the extract demonstrated strong lipid peroxidation inhibition and COX-2 suppression, indicating its multifunctional bioactivity. Beyond laboratory performance, this approach emphasizes industrial relevance. The use of food compatible NADES offers a biodegradable, safe, and industrially viable alternative to conventional solvents for efficient extraction of bioactive compounds. The enhanced phytochemical recovery and multifunctional activities highlight the potential of P. multiflorum as a renewable crop resource for high-value applications in functional foods, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and natural preservatives. Furthermore, the strategy may be extended to other underutilized crops and agricultural by-products, promoting circular economy practices and adding value to medicinal plant resources.
本研究采用由苹果酸和氯化胆碱组成的天然深共溶溶剂（NADES）提取多花鸡的生物活性成分。何首乌，一种重要的药用和农业资源。添加10% %水的优化得到了90% %的NADES体系，显著改善了粘度和传质。与热水或70% %乙醇提取物相比，优化后的提取物可提供更高或相当的2,3,5,4 ' -四羟基二苯乙烯-2- o -β- d -葡萄糖苷（THSG），大黄素和物理收率。它还显示了最高富集的聚合单宁，并表现出优异的抗氧化能力，跨越多个分析。GC/ ms和PLS-DA分析显示，该提取物具有明显的挥发性，具有较强的脂质过氧化抑制作用和COX-2抑制作用，具有多种生物活性。除了实验室性能，这种方法强调工业相关性。使用与食品相容的NADES提供了一种可生物降解的、安全的、工业上可行的替代传统溶剂，用于有效提取生物活性化合物。多花何首花具有较强的植物化学恢复能力和多种功能活性，是一种可再生作物资源，在功能食品、保健品、药品和天然防腐剂等方面具有很高的应用价值。此外，该战略可扩展到其他未充分利用的作物和农业副产品，促进循环经济做法并增加药用植物资源的价值。
{"title":"Sustainable valorization of functional phytochemicals from Polygonum multiflorum using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES)","authors":"Kyeong-Ok Choi , Yeongjun Ban , Youngmin Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.122498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.122498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study applied a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) consisting of malic acid and choline chloride for bioactive compound extraction from <em>Reynoutria multiflora</em> (Thunb.) Moldenke (syn. <em>Polygonum multiflorum thunb</em>), an important medicinal and agricultural resource. Optimization with 10 % water addition yielded a 90 % NADES system that significantly improved viscosity and mass transfer. The optimized extract provided higher or comparable yields of 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-<span>D</span>-glucoside (THSG), emodin, and physcion compared with hot water or 70 % ethanol extracts. It also showed the highest enrichment of polymeric tannins and exhibited superior antioxidant capacity across multiple assays. GC/MS-based profiling and PLS-DA revealed a distinct volatile spectrum, while the extract demonstrated strong lipid peroxidation inhibition and COX-2 suppression, indicating its multifunctional bioactivity. Beyond laboratory performance, this approach emphasizes industrial relevance. The use of food compatible NADES offers a biodegradable, safe, and industrially viable alternative to conventional solvents for efficient extraction of bioactive compounds. The enhanced phytochemical recovery and multifunctional activities highlight the potential of <em>P. multiflorum</em> as a renewable crop resource for high-value applications in functional foods, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and natural preservatives. Furthermore, the strategy may be extended to other underutilized crops and agricultural by-products, promoting circular economy practices and adding value to medicinal plant resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122498"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122887
Hongyue Xu , Xiaohu Ma , Qian-Hao Zhu , Fei Xue , Feng Liu , Yanjun Li , Shuaishuai Cheng , Xinyu Zhang , Jie Sun
The morphology of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fruit branches critically determines the architecture and photosynthetic capacity of cotton plants, as well as the adaptability to planting patterns and mechanical harvesting. While key genes involved in nulliplex branching have been identified in cotton, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of various fruit branch types in upland cotton remain largely uncharacterized.
Based on phenotypic identification and cytological measurement, this study integrated hormone profiling and transcriptomic analyses of four upland cotton varieties exhibiting varying lengths of the first internode of fruit branches. The results revealed that the loose internode phenotype arises from enhanced longitudinal growth of epidermal and xylem cells. In the short fruit branch internode group, jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) accumulated significantly. Among the 954 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between varieties with long and short internode lengths, 53 genes related to shoot apical meristem (SAM) development, the JA signaling pathway, and flowering regulation were predominantly upregulated in the short-internode group, imply a possible synergistic mechanism underlying the negative regulation of fruiting branch internode elongation. DEGs were predominantly enriched in hormone-related signaling pathways, with a strong emphasis on jasmonate signaling. Notably, members of the JAZ (TIFY family) gene showed a strong correlation with internode length and hormone content. Silencing a JAZ gene TIFY11B (GH_A05G1405) in short-internode cotton resulted in elongated internodes. The exploration offers novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the internodes development of cotton fruiting branch from the perspective of hormone signal transduction.
{"title":"The JA signaling pathway modulates fruit branch internode development in Gossypium hirsutum L.: Insights from multi-omics investigations","authors":"Hongyue Xu , Xiaohu Ma , Qian-Hao Zhu , Fei Xue , Feng Liu , Yanjun Li , Shuaishuai Cheng , Xinyu Zhang , Jie Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The morphology of upland cotton (<em>Gossypium hirsutum</em> L<em>.</em>) fruit branches critically determines the architecture and photosynthetic capacity of cotton plants, as well as the adaptability to planting patterns and mechanical harvesting. While key genes involved in nulliplex branching have been identified in cotton, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of various fruit branch types in upland cotton remain largely uncharacterized.</div><div>Based on phenotypic identification and cytological measurement, this study integrated hormone profiling and transcriptomic analyses of four upland cotton varieties exhibiting varying lengths of the first internode of fruit branches. The results revealed that the loose internode phenotype arises from enhanced longitudinal growth of epidermal and xylem cells. In the short fruit branch internode group, jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) accumulated significantly. Among the 954 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between varieties with long and short internode lengths, 53 genes related to shoot apical meristem (SAM) development, the JA signaling pathway, and flowering regulation were predominantly upregulated in the short-internode group, imply a possible synergistic mechanism underlying the negative regulation of fruiting branch internode elongation. DEGs were predominantly enriched in hormone-related signaling pathways, with a strong emphasis on jasmonate signaling. Notably, members of the <em>JAZ</em> (<em>TIFY</em> family) gene showed a strong correlation with internode length and hormone content. Silencing a <em>JAZ</em> gene <em>TIFY11B</em> (<em>GH_A05G1405</em>) in short-internode cotton resulted in elongated internodes. The exploration offers novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the internodes development of cotton fruiting branch from the perspective of hormone signal transduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122887"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146160820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122904
Wanqing Yao , Yuhua Zhang , Liying Yang , Pingjing Chang , Xianhu Liu , Guohua Zhong
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum), poses a significant threat to global crop production. Conventional fungicides such as carbendazim (CBZ) encounter substantial challenges, including single-target resistance, poor environmental stability, an effective utilization rate of less than 0.1 %, and biosafety concerns. To overcome these limitations and address the core bottlenecks of existing nanopesticides, we developed a novel intelligent nanopesticide (CBZ@Se-CS, CSC) through a straightforward non-covalent self-assembly of chitosan and selenium nanoparticles for targeted delivery of CBZ. CSC has an average particle size of approximately 129 nm and a zeta potential of + 43.1 mV. It exhibited an 85 % cumulative release rate in the acidic microenvironment (pH 5.0) that simulates fungal infection sites.In vitro antifungal assays demonstrated that CSC achieved an EC₅₀ of 0.139 mg/L, showing 4.35-fold higher efficacy compared to free CBZ. Its triple-target synergistic mechanism potentially disrupts fungal cell membranes, induces oxidative stress and inhibits virulence factor synthesis, which may help mitigate resistance risks. Furthermore, CSC exhibits bidirectional vascular translocation in plants, host defense priming capacity, robust environmental stability and minimal toxicity to non-target organisms. It also promotes peanut seed germination. Enabled by green and potentially scalable preparation, CSC may reduce chemical inputs while providing a practical solution for managing vascular-colonizing pathogens such as F. oxysporum. This work aligns with the UN Sustainable Development Goals for food security and sustainable agriculture, presenting an innovative paradigm for the design of eco-friendly smart nanopesticides.
{"title":"A smart selenium-based nanopesticide for targeted fungicide delivery: Triple-action antifungal mechanism and sustainable management of Fusarium wilt in peanut","authors":"Wanqing Yao , Yuhua Zhang , Liying Yang , Pingjing Chang , Xianhu Liu , Guohua Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Fusarium</em> wilt, caused by <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> (<em>F. oxysporum</em>), poses a significant threat to global crop production. Conventional fungicides such as carbendazim (CBZ) encounter substantial challenges, including single-target resistance, poor environmental stability, an effective utilization rate of less than 0.1 %, and biosafety concerns. To overcome these limitations and address the core bottlenecks of existing nanopesticides, we developed a novel intelligent nanopesticide (CBZ@Se-CS, CSC) through a straightforward non-covalent self-assembly of chitosan and selenium nanoparticles for targeted delivery of CBZ. CSC has an average particle size of approximately 129 nm and a zeta potential of + 43.1 mV. It exhibited an 85 % cumulative release rate in the acidic microenvironment (pH 5.0) that simulates fungal infection sites.In vitro antifungal assays demonstrated that CSC achieved an EC₅₀ of 0.139 mg/L, showing 4.35-fold higher efficacy compared to free CBZ. Its triple-target synergistic mechanism potentially disrupts fungal cell membranes, induces oxidative stress and inhibits virulence factor synthesis, which may help mitigate resistance risks. Furthermore, CSC exhibits bidirectional vascular translocation in plants, host defense priming capacity, robust environmental stability and minimal toxicity to non-target organisms. It also promotes peanut seed germination. Enabled by green and potentially scalable preparation, CSC may reduce chemical inputs while providing a practical solution for managing vascular-colonizing pathogens such as <em>F. oxysporum</em>. This work aligns with the UN Sustainable Development Goals for food security and sustainable agriculture, presenting an innovative paradigm for the design of eco-friendly smart nanopesticides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122904"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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