Industrial Crops and Products最新文献_第3页

Unraveling the genetic architecture and candidate genes underlying dynamic growth in Populus deltoides ‘Danhong’× Populus simonii ‘Tongliao1’ deltoides ‘ Danhong ’ × Populus simonii ‘ Tongliao1 ’动态生长遗传结构及候选基因的揭示

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122871

Jinhong Tian , Xinglu Zhou , Miaomiao Zhang , Lijuan Wang , Tongming Yin , Lei Zhang , Jianjun Hu

Plant growth, particularly in perennial tree species, is a dynamic trait governed by multiple factors including temporal variation and environmental influences. Although numerous quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping studies have focused on phenotypes at specific time-points, the genetic architecture of dynamic growth traits remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a dynamic characterization analysis of seedling height (SH) and ground diameter (GD) in hybrid population of Populus deltoides ‘Danhong’ (DHY) × Populus simonii ‘Tongliao1’ (XYY) during the first growth season. Integrated Fun-map and FVT-map analyses identified eight overlapping QTLs associated with poplar dynamic growth in poplar, which displayed late expression patterns throughout the first growth season. Based on tissue expression pattern, six genes with high expression in pre-dormant bud, phloem and xylem were preliminarily identified as candidate genes associated with poplar growth. Among them, ARABINOKINASE coding gene PtARA1 was identified, which plays important roles in keeping the balance of L-arabinose in plant cell wall. eQTL analysis revealed that a non-synonymous single nucleotide variation (SNV) at the exon region of PtWRKY89 significantly increased the expression level of PtARA1 in xylem. The individuals carrying this variation exhibited poorer growth than those without it, which further proves the crucial role of PtARA1 and PtWRKY89 in poplar growth. This study provides mechanistic insights and candidate genetic targets for advancing poplar improvement through molecular breeding strategy.

植物的生长，特别是多年生乔木的生长，是一个受时间变化和环境影响等多种因素支配的动态特性。尽管大量的数量性状位点（QTL）定位研究集中在特定时间点的表型上，但动态生长性状的遗传结构仍然知之甚少。本研究对deloides ' Danhong ‘ （DHY） × Populus simonii ’ tong辽1 ' （XYY）杂交群体在第一个生长季的苗高（SH）和地径（GD）进行了动态表征分析。综合Fun-map和FVT-map分析，鉴定出8个与杨树动态生长相关的重叠qtl，这些qtl在杨树第一个生长季表现出较晚的表达模式。根据组织表达模式，初步确定了6个在休眠前芽、韧皮部和木质部高表达的基因作为杨树生长相关的候选基因。其中，鉴定出ARABINOKINASE编码基因PtARA1，该基因在维持l -阿拉伯糖在植物细胞壁的平衡中起重要作用。eQTL分析显示，PtWRKY89外显子区域的非同义单核苷酸变异（SNV）显著提高了木质部PtARA1的表达水平。携带PtARA1和PtWRKY89基因的个体在杨树生长过程中表现出较差的生长特性，进一步证明了PtARA1和PtWRKY89基因在杨树生长中的重要作用。该研究为通过分子育种策略推进杨树改良提供了机制见解和候选遗传靶点。

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引用次数: 0

A smart selenium-based nanopesticide for targeted fungicide delivery: Triple-action antifungal mechanism and sustainable management of Fusarium wilt in peanut 智能硒基纳米农药的靶向杀真菌剂递送：花生枯萎病的三效抗真菌机制和可持续管理

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122904

Wanqing Yao , Yuhua Zhang , Liying Yang , Pingjing Chang , Xianhu Liu , Guohua Zhong

Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum), poses a significant threat to global crop production. Conventional fungicides such as carbendazim (CBZ) encounter substantial challenges, including single-target resistance, poor environmental stability, an effective utilization rate of less than 0.1 %, and biosafety concerns. To overcome these limitations and address the core bottlenecks of existing nanopesticides, we developed a novel intelligent nanopesticide (CBZ@Se-CS, CSC) through a straightforward non-covalent self-assembly of chitosan and selenium nanoparticles for targeted delivery of CBZ. CSC has an average particle size of approximately 129 nm and a zeta potential of + 43.1 mV. It exhibited an 85 % cumulative release rate in the acidic microenvironment (pH 5.0) that simulates fungal infection sites.In vitro antifungal assays demonstrated that CSC achieved an EC₅₀ of 0.139 mg/L, showing 4.35-fold higher efficacy compared to free CBZ. Its triple-target synergistic mechanism potentially disrupts fungal cell membranes, induces oxidative stress and inhibits virulence factor synthesis, which may help mitigate resistance risks. Furthermore, CSC exhibits bidirectional vascular translocation in plants, host defense priming capacity, robust environmental stability and minimal toxicity to non-target organisms. It also promotes peanut seed germination. Enabled by green and potentially scalable preparation, CSC may reduce chemical inputs while providing a practical solution for managing vascular-colonizing pathogens such as F. oxysporum. This work aligns with the UN Sustainable Development Goals for food security and sustainable agriculture, presenting an innovative paradigm for the design of eco-friendly smart nanopesticides.

由尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）引起的枯萎病（Fusarium oxysporum）对全球作物生产构成重大威胁。多菌灵（CBZ）等传统杀菌剂面临着重大挑战，包括单靶点耐药性、环境稳定性差、有效利用率低于0.1% %以及生物安全问题。为了克服这些限制并解决现有纳米农药的核心瓶颈，我们通过壳聚糖和硒纳米颗粒的直接非共价自组装开发了一种新型智能纳米农药（CBZ@Se-CS， CSC），用于靶向递送CBZ。CSC的平均粒径约为129 nm， zeta电位为+ 43.1 mV。在模拟真菌感染部位的酸性微环境（pH 5.0）中，其累积释放率为85% %。体外抗真菌试验表明，CSC的EC₅0为0.139 mg/L，与游离CBZ相比，其功效高出4.35倍。其三靶点协同机制可能破坏真菌细胞膜，诱导氧化应激，抑制毒力因子合成，有助于减轻耐药风险。此外，CSC在植物中具有双向维管转运、寄主防御启动能力、强大的环境稳定性和对非目标生物的最小毒性。它还能促进花生种子发芽。通过绿色和潜在的可扩展制备，CSC可以减少化学投入，同时为管理血管定植病原体（如尖孢镰刀菌）提供实用的解决方案。这项工作符合联合国关于粮食安全和可持续农业的可持续发展目标，为设计生态友好型智能纳米农药提供了一种创新范例。

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引用次数: 0

Ultrasound-assisted combined with natural deep eutectic solvents for complanatoside A extraction: Optimization, identification, and bioactivity evaluation 超声辅助与天然深共晶溶剂联合提取药皂苷A：优化、鉴定和生物活性评价

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122910

Penghua Shu , Wenhao Zou , Yu Meng , Jiaqi He , Tingting Guo , Xinfeng Fan , Di Hu , Hao Yin , Shuxian Fan , Na Wang , Simin Liu , Lu Lv , Si Chen , Xialan Wei , Jihong Huang

Astragali complanati Semen (ACS) is frequently used as Chinese medicines and functional foods. Complanatoside A (CA), a key bioactive phytochemical isolated from ACS, exhibits broad-spectrum pharmacological properties. This investigation systematically formulated sixteen natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) systems by combining three hydrogen-bond acceptors with eleven hydrogen-bond donors at varying molar ratios. These NADES formulations were subsequently employed in tandem with ultrasonic-assisted extraction to isolate CA. Optimization studies identified the following parameters as most effective for extraction using the L-proline/levulinic acid-based NADES (molar ratio 1:2): 60℃, 30 min, 40 % water content, liquid-solid ratio 25 mL/g, achieving an extraction yield of 1.57 %. The adsorption and desorption conditions were optimized employing a macroporous resin for the recovery of CA, while the reusability of the NADES solvent was thoroughly evaluated throughout the extraction process. The CA extract exhibited significant tyrosinase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. These findings establish ultrasound-assisted NADES extraction as a sustainable methodology for efficient extraction of CA from ACS, providing valuable insights for eco-friendly extraction and pharmacological exploitation of plant-derived bioactives.

黄芪（Astragali complanati Semen， ACS）是常用的中药和功能食品。planatoside A （CA）是一种重要的植物活性化学物质，具有广谱的药理作用。本研究通过将3个氢键受体与11个氢键给体以不同的摩尔比组合，系统地合成了16个天然深共晶溶剂（NADES）体系。随后，将这些NADES配方与超声辅助提取串联起来分离CA。优化研究发现，l -脯氨酸/乙酰丙酸基NADES（摩尔比1:2）的最佳提取参数为：60℃，30 min， 40 %含水量，液固比25 mL/g，提取率为1.57 %。采用大孔树脂对CA的吸附和解吸条件进行了优化，并对NADES溶剂的可重复使用性进行了全面评价。CA提取物具有显著的酪氨酸酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。研究结果表明，超声辅助NADES提取法是一种有效提取ACS中CA的可持续方法，为植物源性生物活性物质的生态友好提取和药理开发提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

RDD-SPA: An efficient visual recognition algorithm for robot-assisted rapeseed pest control systems RDD-SPA：一种用于机器人辅助油菜籽病虫害防治系统的高效视觉识别算法

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122838

Quanshu Song , Dayu Zhang , Nghia Thi Mai , Md Abdus Samad Kamal , Iwanori Murakami , Kou Yamada

Terraced rapeseed fields present persistent challenges for pest control owing to complex terrain, low mechanization, and the limited computing capability of mobile spraying robots. To address these constraints, this study proposes RDD-SPA, a lightweight perception–actuation framework that integrates a symptom-oriented object detector (RDD-YOLO) with a Spraying Point Adaptor (SPA) for real-time precision spraying in terraced environments. A field dataset comprising 3309 images collected at the seedling and bud stages was constructed, containing 13,530 annotated instances of rapeseed plants, leaf holes, and leaf discoloration, and reflecting dense canopies, irregular leaf morphology, and frequent occlusions. RDD-YOLO enhances YOLO11 through the introduction of Lite-PSConv, C3k2-IDC modules, and the SIoU loss, achieving an mAP

_{50 : 95}

of 64.0% while reducing parameters and computational cost by 12.02% and 3.02%, respectively. After pruning and knowledge distillation, the model is compressed to 1.12 million parameters and maintains stable real-time inference at 60 FPS on the AX650N embedded platform under a practical robot speed of 0.18 m/s. Based on binocular depth estimation and geometric calibration, SPA translates detection results into adaptive spraying commands, dynamically adjusting nozzle position, angle, and spray volume. Field experiments on 40 rapeseed seedlings demonstrate that the proposed system increases leaf liquid retention by 33.3% and reduces chemical drift by 27.1% compared with manual spraying. These results indicate that RDD-SPA provides an effective and deployable solution for precision pesticide application in resource-constrained terraced agriculture.

由于地形复杂、机械化程度低、移动喷药机器人计算能力有限，梯田油菜病虫害防治面临持续挑战。为了解决这些限制，本研究提出了RDD-SPA，这是一个轻量级的感知驱动框架，它集成了一个面向症状的对象检测器（RDD-YOLO）和一个喷涂点适配器（SPA），用于在台地环境中进行实时精确喷涂。构建了一个包含3309幅幼苗和芽期图像的野外数据集，其中包含13530个带注释的油菜籽植物、叶孔和叶片变色实例，反映了密集的冠层、不规则的叶片形态和频繁的遮挡。RDD-YOLO通过引入Lite-PSConv、C3k2-IDC模块和SIoU损耗对YOLO11进行了改进，实现了64.0%的mAP50:95，同时将参数和计算成本分别降低了12.02%和3.02%。模型经过剪枝和知识提炼后，压缩为112万个参数，在实际机器人速度0.18 m/s的情况下，在AX650N嵌入式平台上以60 FPS的速度保持稳定的实时推理。基于双目深度估计和几何校正，SPA将检测结果转化为自适应喷涂命令，动态调整喷嘴位置、角度和喷雾量。在40株油菜籽幼苗上进行的田间试验表明，与人工喷洒相比，该系统可使叶片留液率提高33.3%，减少化学物质漂移27.1%。这些结果表明，RDD-SPA为资源受限的梯田农业精准施用农药提供了一种有效且可部署的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Regeneration establishment of Camellia taliensis unravels its adventitious bud development profile dynamically regulated by auxin-ethylene signaling 山茶再生建立揭示了生长素-乙烯信号动态调控的不定芽发育特征

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122885

Hongrong Chen , Qingping Yan , Shuo Shi , Kelin Huang , Lulu Ren , Jingxian Wang , Li Zhang , Linbo Chen , ChunLin Chen , Yiping Tian , Shengrui Liu , Yue Fei , Jianbing Hu , Kun Dong , Chaoling Wei , Mingzhe Yao , Junyan Zhu

Camellia taliensis (W.W. Sm.) Melch. is a wild relative of the cultivated tea plant Camellia sinensis, primarily distributed in southwestern China, northern Myanmar, and Thailand. C. taliensis is regarded as a key Camellia species for elucidating the origin and domestication of the tea plant and as an important source of plant material for natural metabolite discovery. However, there are knowledge and technical gaps in effective regeneration and developmental profiling of C. taliensis. Here, we established an efficient in vitro system for regeneration of C. taliensis using stem segment explants. From bud sprouting to root formation, optimal culture media were determined for each stage: axillary bud induction (MS + 2.0 mg·L⁻¹ 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) + 0.2 mg·L⁻¹ naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)), adventitious bud proliferation (MS + 3.0 mg·L⁻¹ 6-BA + 0.1 mg·L⁻¹ NAA), adventitious bud stem elongation (MS + 0.5 mg·L⁻¹ 6-BA + 0.05 mg·L⁻¹ NAA + 1.0 mg·L⁻¹ gibberellic acid), and root induction (½ MS + 3.0 mg·L⁻¹ indole-3-butyric acid). Morphological and histological analyses showed that adventitious buds were significantly more elongated in the medium with NAA:6-BA = 1:30 than in the medium with NAA:6-BA = 1:10 after 7 and 14 days of post-treatment, suggesting an important role of adventitious bud development in C. taliensis regeneration. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis of adventitious buds treated with different NAA/6-BA concentration ratios revealed distinct gene expression dynamics, with differentially expressed genes significantly enriched in pathways associated with environmental responses, cell wall remodeling, and hormone signaling. In particular, numerous genes associated with auxin and ethylene signaling pathways exhibited temporal expression patterns in the presence of NAA:6-BA = 1:30. This study establishes an efficient strategy for regeneration and conservation of C. taliensis and provides new insight into the molecular basis of its adventitious bud development.

山茶（Camellia taliensis）Melch。是栽培茶树Camellia sinensis的野生近亲，主要分布在中国西南部、缅甸北部和泰国。茶树被认为是阐明茶树起源和驯化的关键物种，也是发现天然代谢物的重要植物材料来源。然而，在柽柳的有效再生和发育分析方面存在知识和技术空白。在此，我们建立了一种高效的塔里草茎段外植体离体再生体系。从种子发芽,根的形成,为每个阶段:确定最优培养基腋芽诱导(MS + 2.0 mg·L⁻¹6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) + 0.2  mg·L⁻¹ naphthaleneacetic酸(NAA)),不定芽增殖(MS + 3.0 mg·L⁻¹6-BA + 0.1 mg·L⁻¹NAA),不定芽茎伸长(MS + 0.5 mg·L⁻¹6-BA + 0.05 mg·L⁻¹NAA + 1.0 mg·L⁻¹赤霉酸),和根感应(½MS + 3.0 mg·L ⁻¹indole-3-butyric酸)。形态学和组织学分析表明，处理7 d和14 d后，NAA:6-BA = 1:30的培养基中的不定芽明显长于NAA:6-BA = 1:10的培养基，说明不定芽发育在柽柳再生过程中起重要作用。此外，对不同NAA/6-BA浓度比处理的不定芽的转录组分析显示，不同的基因表达动态不同，差异表达的基因在环境反应、细胞壁重塑和激素信号通路中显著富集。特别是，许多与生长素和乙烯信号通路相关的基因在NAA存在时表现出时间表达模式：6-BA = 1:30。本研究建立了一种有效的塔里香再生和保护策略，并为塔里香不定芽发育的分子基础提供了新的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Spray-dried gum Arabic microcapsules of lemon essential oil: A release kinetics study for odor masking in hydrogen peroxide disinfectants 柠檬精油喷雾干燥阿拉伯胶微胶囊：过氧化氢消毒剂中掩盖气味的释放动力学研究

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122855

Zahra Khodabakhshi Tabar Ahangar, Fatemeh Eslami

The pungent odor of hydrogen peroxide-based disinfectants restrains their applications in public hygiene, despite their superior safety and lower cost compared to alcohol-based products. To address this limitation, we apply gum arabic-based microencapsulation of lemon essential oil—valued for its pleasant aroma—via spray drying as an odor-masking agent in hydrogen peroxide disinfectants. This study presents the first investigation of the release kinetics of such microcapsules within hydrogen peroxide systems, enabling improved aroma delivery and enhanced product acceptability. The resulting microcapsules (mean diameter ∼114 µm) were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, optical microscopy, SEM, and particle size distribution analysis, confirming successful encapsulation and spherical morphology. Encapsulation efficiency reached 78.02 %, with a product yield of 76.67 %. Controlled release of the essential oil in a hydrogen peroxide-based disinfectant medium over 96 h was monitored using UV–Vis spectrophotometry, revealing a sustained release profile without initial burst. Release kinetics were fitted to four models: Fickian diffusion from a sphere, First-order, Korsmeyer–Peppas, and Weibull. The Weibull model provided the best statistical fit, while the Fickian sphere model best described the underlying diffusion mechanism. These results validate gum arabic-based microencapsulation as an effective strategy for odor masking and controlled essential oil delivery in aqueous disinfectant formulations.

尽管与酒精类产品相比，过氧化氢消毒剂具有更高的安全性和更低的成本，但其刺鼻的气味限制了它们在公共卫生领域的应用。为了解决这一限制，我们采用阿拉伯树胶为基础的柠檬精油微胶囊，通过喷雾干燥作为过氧化氢消毒剂中的气味掩蔽剂。本研究首次研究了这种微胶囊在过氧化氢系统中的释放动力学，从而改善了香气传递和提高了产品的可接受性。所得的微胶囊（平均直径约114 µm）通过FTIR光谱、光学显微镜、SEM和粒度分布分析进行了表征，证实了成功的包封和球形形貌。包封率为78.02 %，产率为76.67 %。利用紫外-可见分光光度法监测精油在过氧化氢基消毒介质中96 h的控释，揭示了无初始爆裂的持续释放特征。释放动力学符合四个模型：菲克球扩散模型、一阶模型、Korsmeyer-Peppas模型和Weibull模型。威布尔模型提供了最好的统计拟合，而菲克球模型最好地描述了潜在的扩散机制。这些结果验证了以阿拉伯胶为基础的微胶囊是一种有效的策略，可以在水消毒液配方中掩盖气味和控制精油的输送。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-year evaluation of planting date and cultivar effects on cotton yield, fiber quality, and their temporal stability in a cotton–wheat double-cropping system in the Yellow River Valley of China 黄河流域棉麦两熟制度下种植日期和品种对棉花产量、纤维品质及其时间稳定性的影响

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122890

Lu Feng , Mengyan Ren , Simeng Guo , Minghua Xin , Xiao-Fei Li , Guoping Wang

Optimizing planting date and cultivar choice is essential for balancing lint yield, fiber quality, and production stability in wheat-cotton double-cropping systems. However, their combined effects on yield-quality trade-offs and temporal stability (defined as the temporal mean divided by the temporal standard deviation) remain insufficiently quantified. A five-year field experiment (2019–2023) was conducted in the Yellow River Valley to evaluate four planting dates (PD1-PD4; May 10-June 10) and two contrasting short-season cotton cultivars (high-quality JK707; high-lint yield LM2387) with respect to lint yield, fiber quality, temporal stability, and trait trade-offs. Lint yield was significantly affected by both planting date and cultivar, peaking under the earliest planting (1229 kg ha⁻¹ at PD1) and declined by 34.4 % under the latest planting (PD4). Fiber quality was predominantly genotype-driven, with cultivar significantly affecting all traits and planting date influencing only micronaire. JK707 achieved substantially higher Q-scores than LM2387 (66.84 vs. 46.97). Temporal stability indices revealed contrasting cultivar strategies: LM2387 showed high lint yield temporal stability under early planting (TS_LY=6.30 in PD1) but sharp declines under later dates (TS_LY=2.29 in PD4), whereas JK707 maintained relatively consistent lint-yield temporal stability across planting dates (TS_LY = 2.11–3.16) and greater stability in fiber quality traits. Yield-quality trade-offs were stronger in LM2387 (index 0.713 vs. 0.208) and were weakened by delayed planting due to concurrent reductions in yield and quality. A TOPSIS multi-criteria evaluation integrating lint yield, Q-score, and their temporal stability identified JK707 sown in PD2 as the optimal combination (Cᵢ = 0.57), followed by LM2387 in PD1 (Cᵢ = 0.531), whereas PD4 consistently produced the poorest performance. Aligning planting time with cultivar traits thus enhances production robustness and reduces climate-related risk, offering practical guidance for sustainable and climate-resilient intensification of wheat–cotton double-cropping systems and potentially benefiting similar systems worldwide.

优化种植日期和品种选择对平衡小麦-棉花双季制皮棉产量、纤维品质和生产稳定性至关重要。然而，它们对产量质量权衡和时间稳定性（定义为时间平均值除以时间标准差）的综合影响仍然没有充分量化。本试验于2019-2023年在黄河流域进行了为期5年的田间试验，对4个种植日期（PD1-PD4； 5月10- 6月10日）和2个对比短季棉花品种（优质JK707和高产LM2387）的皮棉产量、纤维品质、时间稳定性和性状权衡进行了评价。播期和品种对皮棉产量均有显著影响，最早播期（PD1）产量达到峰值（1229 kg ha−1），最晚播期（PD4）产量下降34.4% %。纤维品质主要受基因型驱动，品种对所有性状均有显著影响，种植日期仅对马克隆有影响。JK707的q -score明显高于LM2387（66.84比46.97）。时间稳定性指标揭示了不同品种的策略差异：LM2387在播前表现出较高的皮棉产量时间稳定性（TS_LY=6.30, PD1），但在播后急剧下降（TS_LY=2.29, PD4），而JK707在播后保持相对一致的皮棉产量时间稳定性（TS_LY= 2.11-3.16），且纤维品质性状稳定性较好。LM2387的产量质量权衡更强（指数0.713 vs. 0.208），由于产量和质量同时下降而延迟种植而减弱。综合皮棉产量、Q-score及其时间稳定性的TOPSIS多指标评价结果表明，在PD2播种的JK707是最优组合（C′′= 0.57），其次是在PD1播种的LM2387 (C′′= 0.531)，而PD4始终表现最差。使种植时间与品种性状相一致，从而提高了生产稳健性，降低了气候相关风险，为小麦-棉花两熟系统的可持续和气候适应型强化提供了实用指导，并可能使世界各地的类似系统受益。

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引用次数: 0

Response patterns of root sprouting and the clonal dispersal ability of Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis in relation to stubble height and its resource accumulation and allocation strategy 沙棘根发芽响应模式及无性系扩散能力。胡杨与残茬高度的关系及其资源积累与配置策略

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122862

Zhongmu Li , Shenghong Liu , Jinlin Liu , Zhenji Wang , Genqian Li

Coppicing at optimal stubble height is critical for clonal plant regeneration, yet prior studies focus on stump sprouting, neglecting root-based mechanisms. This study evaluates how stubble height (0, 10, 20 cm; control) affects root sprouting, clonal dispersal (root extension/ramification), and resource dynamics in a declining 15-year-old Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis plantation. Results show coppicing enhances root sprout formation, horizontal root growth, and resource accumulation (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, non-structural carbohydrates), but effects peak at 11–13 cm stubble height before declining. Coppicing reduced calcium and magnesium levels, while biomass allocation shifted toward leaves, vertical roots, and horizontal roots, prioritizing photosynthetic capacity and clonal dispersal. Resource accumulation (nutrients, carbohydrates) strongly correlated with root sprouting and clonal dispersal. Optimal stubble height (11–13 cm) balances nutrient retention, carbohydrate storage, and biomass allocation, driving leaf and root development to sustain regeneration. These findings highlight root sprouting, rather than stump sprouting, as central to clonal restoration in aging populations. The study provides a framework for selecting stubble heights to rejuvenate degraded Hippophae plantations in arid northern China, emphasizing resource allocation strategies and root-driven regeneration in clonal plants.

在最佳残茬高度进行拔除是克隆植株再生的关键，但以往的研究主要集中在残茬发芽上，而忽略了基于根的机制。本研究评估了残茬高度（0、10、20 cm；对照）对15龄沙棘根发芽、克隆扩散（根延伸/分枝）和资源动态的影响。sinensis种植园。结果表明：刈剪对根芽形成、水平根生长和资源积累（氮、磷、钾、非结构性碳水化合物）有促进作用，但在茬高11 ~ 13 cm处影响最大，然后逐渐下降；光合作用降低了钙和镁的含量，而生物量分配向叶片、垂直根和水平根转移，优先考虑光合能力和克隆扩散。资源积累（养分、碳水化合物）与根发芽和无性系扩散密切相关。最佳留茬高度（11-13 cm）可平衡养分保留、碳水化合物储存和生物量分配，驱动叶片和根系发育以维持更新。这些发现突出了根发芽，而不是树桩发芽，是老龄种群克隆恢复的核心。该研究为中国北方干旱地区退化沙棘林的残茬高度选择提供了框架，强调了资源配置策略和无性系植物的根驱动更新。

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引用次数: 0

Antiviral activity of bark extracts from boreal tree species 北方树种树皮提取物抗病毒活性研究

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122915

Aitana Zoco , Miika Karjalainen , Jie Guo , Janne Jänis , Varpu Marjomäki , Antti Haapala

The discovery of effective and sustainable antiviral compounds to reduce viral transmission remains a critical challenge. Here, we investigated the antiviral properties of tree bark, a rich source of secondary metabolites with diverse chemical structures. Extracts from the bark of eight boreal tree species were obtained by maceration in ethanol/water (1:1) at room temperature. The total phenolic content (TPC) showed interspecific variation, with larch and alder bark showing the highest levels and birch bark the lowest. Ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry revealed the distinct chemical fingerprints of each bark extract, which contained hundreds of compounds including phenolics, terpenoids, organic acids, fatty acids and carbohydrates. We evaluated the antiviral activity of the extracts against non-enveloped enteroviruses, coxsackievirus A9 (CVA9) and enterovirus 71 (EV71), and the enveloped seasonal human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43). All bark extracts, except for aspen, reduced viral infectivity in a dose dependent manner. The rowan and pine bark extracts completely inhibited viral infections at concentrations of 500–1000 µg/mL, spruce and birch demonstrated significant activity. The extracts from alder, larch, and juniper bark showed a more moderate and mixed performance against the tested viral strains. Surprisingly, our findings demonstrate that extract’s antiviral efficiency does not correlate with its TPC but is instead linked to specific metabolites and their synergistic interactions. This study represents the first comprehensive comparison of the chemical fingerprints and antiviral efficiency of bark extracts, obtained under mild extraction conditions that preserve native metabolites, highlighting the potential and versatility of tree bark-derived chemicals as sustainable source of antiviral agents.

发现有效和可持续的抗病毒化合物以减少病毒传播仍然是一项重大挑战。在这里，我们研究了树皮的抗病毒特性，树皮具有丰富的次生代谢物来源，具有不同的化学结构。采用乙醇/水（1:1）浸泡法制备8种北方树种树皮提取物。总酚含量（TPC）呈种间差异，落叶松和桤木树皮含量最高，桦木树皮含量最低。超高分辨率质谱分析揭示了每种树皮提取物的不同化学指纹图谱，其中含有数百种化合物，包括酚类物质、萜类物质、有机酸、脂肪酸和碳水化合物。我们评价了提取物对非包膜肠病毒、柯萨奇病毒A9 （CVA9）和肠病毒71 （EV71）以及包膜季节性人类冠状病毒OC43 （HCoV-OC43）的抗病毒活性。除白杨外，所有树皮提取物均以剂量依赖性方式降低病毒感染性。当浓度为500 ~ 1000 µg/mL时，云杉和桦树树皮提取物能完全抑制病毒感染。桤木、落叶松和杜松树皮提取物对测试的病毒株表现出更温和和混合的表现。令人惊讶的是，我们的研究结果表明，提取物的抗病毒效率与其TPC无关，而是与特定代谢物及其协同作用有关。这项研究首次对树皮提取物的化学指纹图谱和抗病毒效率进行了全面比较，这些提取物是在温和的提取条件下获得的，可以保存天然代谢物，突出了树皮衍生化学物质作为抗病毒药物可持续来源的潜力和多功能性。

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引用次数: 0

Purification, structural identification of polysaccharides from Hangzhou chrysanthemum and their α-glucosidase inhibition mechanisms 杭州菊多糖的纯化、结构鉴定及其α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制机制

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products

Pub Date : 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122889

Hongkun Xue , Haiyan Gao , Yaojie Liu , Bozhao Zhang , Jianqing Liao , Chuan Wang , Jiaqi Tan

Hangzhou chrysanthemum is a medicinal plant with food-related properties, and the hypoglycemic components of its natural polysaccharides and their related mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This paper purified the crude Hangzhou chrysanthemum polysaccharides (HCPs) via DEAE-52 and Sephadex-G150 column chromatography to finally obtain a major homogeneous polysaccharide fraction (HCPs-3-SG), and then the structure of HCPs-3-SG was characterized by HPGPC, FT–IR, GC-MS NMR, CD, TGA, etc. Finally, the α-glucosidase inhibitory mechanisms of HCPs-3-SG were investigated through comprehensive experiments and simulation methods. The results show that HCPs-3-SG with an Mw of 7.85 kDa consisted of Fuc (1.42 %), Rha (6.89 %), Ara (7.22 %), Gal (5.55 %), Glc (1.67 %), Xyl (2.09 %), Man (1.37 %), and Gal-UA (73.80 %). →4)-α-D-GalUA(6-OCH₃)-(1→ and →4)-α-D-GalUA-(1→ was the primary chain of HCPs-3-SG. Moreover, HCPs-3-SG didn’t has a triple helix structure and contained microcrystalline structures, irregular fragments, and reticular segment structures. HCPs-3-SG presented a random linear chain, multi-branched structure, and spindle-shaped protrusions. Furthermore, HCPs-3-SG exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity. The α-glucosidase-HCPs-3-SG complex remained stable in terms of RMSD, RMSF, and turnaround radius in the Gromacs simulation. HCPs-3-SG played a crucial role in the binding process with α-glucosidase by interacting with amino acid residues Tyr158, Phe303, Arg315, and Arg442.

杭州菊是一种具有食用特性的药用植物，其天然多糖的降糖成分及其作用机制尚不完全清楚。本文通过DEAE-52和Sephadex-G150柱层析纯化杭州菊多糖（HCPs），得到主要的均相多糖组分（HCPs-3- sg），并通过HPGPC、FT-IR、GC-MS NMR、CD、TGA等手段对HCPs-3- sg进行结构表征。最后，通过综合实验和模拟方法研究HCPs-3-SG的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制机制。结果表明,HCPs-3-SG 7.85 Mw的 kDa由Fuc(1.42 %),Rha(6.89 %),Ara(7.22 %),加(5.55 %)、相关(1.67 %),Xyl(2.09 %)、人(1.37 %),Gal-UA(73.80 %)。→4)-α- d - galua (6-OCH3)-(1→和→4)-α- d - galua -(1→是HCPs-3-SG的一级链。此外，HCPs-3-SG不具有三螺旋结构，含有微晶结构、不规则碎片和网状片段结构。HCPs-3-SG呈随机线性链、多支结构、纺锤状突起。此外，HCPs-3-SG对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性有较强的抑制作用。在Gromacs模拟中，α-葡萄糖苷酶- hcps -3- sg复合物在RMSD、RMSF和周转半径方面保持稳定。HCPs-3-SG通过与氨基酸残基Tyr158、Phe303、Arg315和Arg442相互作用，在α-葡萄糖苷酶的结合过程中发挥了关键作用。

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引用次数: 0