Pub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120860
Jingyu Xu , Jinghui Zhou , Xiangli Li , Yunpu Zhao , Boyu Du , Shuangping Xu , Jun Chen , Xing Wang
The capture of radioiodine plays a crucial role in protecting the environment and safeguarding public health. In this paper, we aim to investigate the iodine trapping properties of lignin with different structural features. Lignin, each with distinct structures and characteristics, was transformed into nanospheres and utilized in a fluidized bed system. The iodine trapping properties and mechanisms of the lignin nanospheres were thoroughly investigated. Notably, the fluidized bed was designed in-house after assessing the practical requirements of different application scenarios, making it both innovative and relevant to real-world applications. The results indicate that the iodine capture capacity of these lignin nanospheres (LNPs) can reach a maximum of 100 mg/g (CELNPs). The capture process is best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Furthermore, the LNPs remain reusable. The primary mechanism for iodine capture by LNPs involves chemical interactions, while physical interactions serve only as a secondary mechanism. This study evaluated the applicability of lignin in iodine capture and to confirm its feasibility for purifying iodine vapors and subsequent industrial applications. This research provides foundational data for the future development of lignin-based iodine trapping materials and presents a pathway for realizing high-value applications of lignin.
{"title":"Preparation of a novel fluidized bed of recoverable lignin nanospheres with iodine vapor trapping advantage and exploration of its iodine trapping mechanism","authors":"Jingyu Xu , Jinghui Zhou , Xiangli Li , Yunpu Zhao , Boyu Du , Shuangping Xu , Jun Chen , Xing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The capture of radioiodine plays a crucial role in protecting the environment and safeguarding public health. In this paper, we aim to investigate the iodine trapping properties of lignin with different structural features. Lignin, each with distinct structures and characteristics, was transformed into nanospheres and utilized in a fluidized bed system. The iodine trapping properties and mechanisms of the lignin nanospheres were thoroughly investigated. Notably, the fluidized bed was designed in-house after assessing the practical requirements of different application scenarios, making it both innovative and relevant to real-world applications. The results indicate that the iodine capture capacity of these lignin nanospheres (LNPs) can reach a maximum of 100 mg/g (CELNPs). The capture process is best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Furthermore, the LNPs remain reusable. The primary mechanism for iodine capture by LNPs involves chemical interactions, while physical interactions serve only as a secondary mechanism. This study evaluated the applicability of lignin in iodine capture and to confirm its feasibility for purifying iodine vapors and subsequent industrial applications. This research provides foundational data for the future development of lignin-based iodine trapping materials and presents a pathway for realizing high-value applications of lignin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 120860"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120820
Huimin Zhang, Xiaodong Xu, Zhixin Shi, Liqiang Zhu, Suan Shi, Xinlei Wang, Xian Liu , Lujia Han
This study used wheat straw as a raw material to investigate the extent and mechanism by which different extrusion-ammonification synergistic pretreatments contribute to lignocellulose deconstruction. The findings revealed that the particle size of extruded-ammoniated wheat straw samples was nearly halved compared to untreated wheat straw, the particle size of samples subjected to extrusion followed by ammoniation, as well as those treated with ammoniation followed by extrusion, was slightly larger than that of the samples undergoing simultaneous extrusion-ammoniation, likely due to the swelling effect. Microporous structures emerged on the microscopic surface, with the wheat straw samples that underwent extrusion followed by ammoniation exhibiting a greater number and higher density of micropores. The crystalline structure of cellulose was substantially disrupted, reducing crystallinity; however, crystallinity might also increase due to the influence of lignin and hemicellulose content in the amorphous regions of the wheat straw samples. The intensity of absorption peaks associated with lignin-related chemical bonds was significantly diminished, with some nearly disappearing in the samples pretreated by extrusion followed by ammoniation. The lignin content significantly decreased, while the cellulose content notably increased. Among them, the changes in the wheat straw samples subjected to extrusion followed by ammoniation were particularly pronounced, with lignin content reduced by 16.33 % and cellulose content increased by 8.94 %. Cellulase-lactobacillus synergistic solid-state fermentation significantly enhanced cellulose utilization, lactic acid production, and various sugar yields, and it is noteworthy that the yields of fermentation products from wheat straw treated with extrusion-ammoniation were 1.39–3.33 times higher than those from untreated wheat straw. The above results demonstrate that extrusion-ammoniation synergistic pretreatment effectively removes lignin, significantly deconstructs lignocellulose, markedly increases cellulose content, reduces resistance to cellulose exploitation, and substantially enhances cellulose utilization.
{"title":"Lignocellulose deconstruction and mechanistic insights into wheat straw using extrusion-ammoniation synergistic pretreatment","authors":"Huimin Zhang, Xiaodong Xu, Zhixin Shi, Liqiang Zhu, Suan Shi, Xinlei Wang, Xian Liu , Lujia Han","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study used wheat straw as a raw material to investigate the extent and mechanism by which different extrusion-ammonification synergistic pretreatments contribute to lignocellulose deconstruction. The findings revealed that the particle size of extruded-ammoniated wheat straw samples was nearly halved compared to untreated wheat straw, the particle size of samples subjected to extrusion followed by ammoniation, as well as those treated with ammoniation followed by extrusion, was slightly larger than that of the samples undergoing simultaneous extrusion-ammoniation, likely due to the swelling effect. Microporous structures emerged on the microscopic surface, with the wheat straw samples that underwent extrusion followed by ammoniation exhibiting a greater number and higher density of micropores. The crystalline structure of cellulose was substantially disrupted, reducing crystallinity; however, crystallinity might also increase due to the influence of lignin and hemicellulose content in the amorphous regions of the wheat straw samples. The intensity of absorption peaks associated with lignin-related chemical bonds was significantly diminished, with some nearly disappearing in the samples pretreated by extrusion followed by ammoniation. The lignin content significantly decreased, while the cellulose content notably increased. Among them, the changes in the wheat straw samples subjected to extrusion followed by ammoniation were particularly pronounced, with lignin content reduced by 16.33 % and cellulose content increased by 8.94 %. Cellulase-lactobacillus synergistic solid-state fermentation significantly enhanced cellulose utilization, lactic acid production, and various sugar yields, and it is noteworthy that the yields of fermentation products from wheat straw treated with extrusion-ammoniation were 1.39–3.33 times higher than those from untreated wheat straw. The above results demonstrate that extrusion-ammoniation synergistic pretreatment effectively removes lignin, significantly deconstructs lignocellulose, markedly increases cellulose content, reduces resistance to cellulose exploitation, and substantially enhances cellulose utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 120820"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120842
Xi Chen, Jing Zhang, Pengke Yan, Zefei Wang, Yuanpeng Gong, Rui Wang, Yaqi Wang
The cultivation of wine grapes in the Helan Mountain region of Ningxia faces challenges related to unbalanced and unscientific fertilization practices, resulting in nutrient deficiencies, low fertilizer efficiency, and inconsistent grape quality and yield. This study aims to provide precise nutritional diagnostics for Cabernet Sauvignon grapes to facilitate standardized fertilization management in the region. Field experiments were conducted on seven-year-old Cabernet Sauvignon vines, employing micro-sampling techniques alongside laboratory analyses. The investigation focused on the patterns of dry matter accumulation and the dynamic changes in mineral nutrient elements throughout the entire growth cycle. Results indicate that dry matter accumulation exhibited a dual “S” pattern over the growth period, with cumulative dry matter displaying an “M” shaped variation across developmental stages: veraison, bulking, flowering, fruit setting, maturity, leaf unfolding, and nutrient retranslocation, accounting for 31.85 %, 23.82 %, 16.80 %, 14.00 %, 8.56 %, 2.69 %, and 2.28 % of total accumulation, respectively. Throughout the growth cycle, total nutrient uptake was quantified as follows: nitrogen (167.86 kg ha−1), phosphorus (47.41 kg ha−1), potassium (211.06 kg ha−1), calcium (15.52 kg ha−1), magnesium (1.45 kg ha−1), iron (2.87 kg ha−1), manganese (0.76 kg ha−1), copper (0.20 kg ha−1), zinc (0.60 kg ha−1), and boron (0.64 kg ha−1). The optimal periods for nutrient uptake varied, with nitrogen and boron peaking during flowering, while phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium demonstrated high efficiency during the flowering and berry bulking stages. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationships between soil physicochemical properties and nutrient uptake in different organs. Nitrogen uptake in leaves during the budding and flowering stage, and in roots and berries during the berry swelling stage, showed strong correlations with soil available nitrogen, total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, and available potassium. Phosphorus uptake was positively correlated with soil nutrients in secondary lateral branches and berries during berry swelling stage, and in roots and secondary lateral branches during the maturity stage. This study establishes a robust nutritional diagnostic framework and provides evidence-based fertilization recommendations, enhancing nutrient management efficiency and grape quality in Ningxia's wine grape production. These findings offer a theoretical foundation for precise fertilization practices, contributing to improved agricultural outcomes in the region.
{"title":"Comprehensive study on the nutrient concentration and uptake in various organs of cabernet sauvignon across all growth stages","authors":"Xi Chen, Jing Zhang, Pengke Yan, Zefei Wang, Yuanpeng Gong, Rui Wang, Yaqi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cultivation of wine grapes in the Helan Mountain region of Ningxia faces challenges related to unbalanced and unscientific fertilization practices, resulting in nutrient deficiencies, low fertilizer efficiency, and inconsistent grape quality and yield. This study aims to provide precise nutritional diagnostics for Cabernet Sauvignon grapes to facilitate standardized fertilization management in the region. Field experiments were conducted on seven-year-old Cabernet Sauvignon vines, employing micro-sampling techniques alongside laboratory analyses. The investigation focused on the patterns of dry matter accumulation and the dynamic changes in mineral nutrient elements throughout the entire growth cycle. Results indicate that dry matter accumulation exhibited a dual “S” pattern over the growth period, with cumulative dry matter displaying an “M” shaped variation across developmental stages: veraison, bulking, flowering, fruit setting, maturity, leaf unfolding, and nutrient retranslocation, accounting for 31.85 %, 23.82 %, 16.80 %, 14.00 %, 8.56 %, 2.69 %, and 2.28 % of total accumulation, respectively. Throughout the growth cycle, total nutrient uptake was quantified as follows: nitrogen (167.86 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), phosphorus (47.41 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), potassium (211.06 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), calcium (15.52 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), magnesium (1.45 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), iron (2.87 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), manganese (0.76 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), copper (0.20 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), zinc (0.60 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), and boron (0.64 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>). The optimal periods for nutrient uptake varied, with nitrogen and boron peaking during flowering, while phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium demonstrated high efficiency during the flowering and berry bulking stages. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationships between soil physicochemical properties and nutrient uptake in different organs. Nitrogen uptake in leaves during the budding and flowering stage, and in roots and berries during the berry swelling stage, showed strong correlations with soil available nitrogen, total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, and available potassium. Phosphorus uptake was positively correlated with soil nutrients in secondary lateral branches and berries during berry swelling stage, and in roots and secondary lateral branches during the maturity stage. This study establishes a robust nutritional diagnostic framework and provides evidence-based fertilization recommendations, enhancing nutrient management efficiency and grape quality in Ningxia's wine grape production. These findings offer a theoretical foundation for precise fertilization practices, contributing to improved agricultural outcomes in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 120842"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120858
Jiacheng Chen , Qiang Qu , Jiazhuo Lu , Huiqing Wang , Fang Gu , Mingqiang Zhu
Cotton is a widely cultivated crop in China, and it could generate the numerous agricultural wastes, which is prohibited to combust in recent decades. Pyrolysis represents a convenient method for waste treatment, whereby cotton waste can be converted into bio-oil, biochar and pyrolysis gas, thus increasing its economic value. In this study, the microstructural differences between cotton stalks (CS) and cotton husks (CH) were primarily investigated through ultimate, proximate, and NMR analysis. Subsequently, the two feedstocks were subjected to pyrolysis in a carbonization furnace at 550 °C. The characteristics of the three-phase products (bio-oil, bio-char and pyrolysis gas) were systematically detected and analyzed. The proportion of holocellulose in CS was determined to be 72.06 %, while that of cotton husks was 74.79 %. 2D NMR analysis revealed that the CS exhibited a greater proportion of G monomers compared to CH. It was demonstrated that the pyrolysis products of CS and CH exhibited comparable distributions. However, the bio-oil composition of CS and CH differed significantly. CS exhibited the higher phenol and acid contents, while CH displayed the higher ketone and ester contents. The pyrolysis gas of CS has a high calorific value, and the biochar exhibits the low oxygen and sulfur content, which may be favorable for clean combustion and agricultural application. Besides, the economic assessment showed that CH has more profit than CS. Therefore, this study provides a theoretical rationale for high value utilization of cotton waste, and delivers valuable references for the sequent research on the pyrolysis products application.
{"title":"The structural characteristics and pyrolysis products properties based on cotton stalks and husks","authors":"Jiacheng Chen , Qiang Qu , Jiazhuo Lu , Huiqing Wang , Fang Gu , Mingqiang Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cotton is a widely cultivated crop in China, and it could generate the numerous agricultural wastes, which is prohibited to combust in recent decades. Pyrolysis represents a convenient method for waste treatment, whereby cotton waste can be converted into bio-oil, biochar and pyrolysis gas, thus increasing its economic value. In this study, the microstructural differences between cotton stalks (CS) and cotton husks (CH) were primarily investigated through ultimate, proximate, and NMR analysis. Subsequently, the two feedstocks were subjected to pyrolysis in a carbonization furnace at 550 °C. The characteristics of the three-phase products (bio-oil, bio-char and pyrolysis gas) were systematically detected and analyzed. The proportion of holocellulose in CS was determined to be 72.06 %, while that of cotton husks was 74.79 %. 2D NMR analysis revealed that the CS exhibited a greater proportion of G monomers compared to CH. It was demonstrated that the pyrolysis products of CS and CH exhibited comparable distributions. However, the bio-oil composition of CS and CH differed significantly. CS exhibited the higher phenol and acid contents, while CH displayed the higher ketone and ester contents. The pyrolysis gas of CS has a high calorific value, and the biochar exhibits the low oxygen and sulfur content, which may be favorable for clean combustion and agricultural application. Besides, the economic assessment showed that CH has more profit than CS. Therefore, this study provides a theoretical rationale for high value utilization of cotton waste, and delivers valuable references for the sequent research on the pyrolysis products application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 120858"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120843
Oumaima Chajii , Ali Zourif , Younes Chemchame , Asmaa Benbiyi , Zineb Azoubi , Mohamed El Guendouzi , Abdeslam El Bouari
Revolutionizing textile waste valorization, this study transforms Rubia tinctorum L. biomass residues into high-performance functional materials through an innovative circular bioeconomy. The optimization of an organosolv process using response surface methodology enabled the extraction of high-purity lignin (97.3 %) from dye extraction waste, achieving a remarkable 53.83 % yield under optimal conditions (75 % organic acid, 0.1 solid-liquid ratio, 2.8 h extraction time). Comprehensive characterization such as Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) confirmed the exceptional purity of the extracted lignin, containing minimal saccharide (2.129 %) and protein (0.28 %) impurities. Converting this lignin into nanoparticles via ultrasound technology represents a breakthrough for advanced textile applications. The application of these nanoparticles to wool fabrics in combination with traditional mordants (tannin and alum) and Rubia tinctorum L. dye created a dual-functional coating with outstanding UV protection (UPF 96) and significant antimicrobial properties against S. aureus and E. coli. This novel approach achieves superior fabric protection and establishes a sustainable closed-loop system by upcycling waste into value-added products. This scalable strategy for transforming textile industry waste into high-performance nanomaterials, pioneers new horizons for sustainable textile functionalization.
{"title":"Nano-engineered lignin from Rubia tinctorum L. waste: A breakthrough in sustainable UV-protective textile coatings","authors":"Oumaima Chajii , Ali Zourif , Younes Chemchame , Asmaa Benbiyi , Zineb Azoubi , Mohamed El Guendouzi , Abdeslam El Bouari","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Revolutionizing textile waste valorization, this study transforms <em>Rubia tinctorum L.</em> biomass residues into high-performance functional materials through an innovative circular bioeconomy. The optimization of an organosolv process using response surface methodology enabled the extraction of high-purity lignin (97.3 %) from dye extraction waste, achieving a remarkable 53.83 % yield under optimal conditions (75 % organic acid, 0.1 solid-liquid ratio, 2.8 h extraction time). Comprehensive characterization such as Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) confirmed the exceptional purity of the extracted lignin, containing minimal saccharide (2.129 %) and protein (0.28 %) impurities. Converting this lignin into nanoparticles via ultrasound technology represents a breakthrough for advanced textile applications. The application of these nanoparticles to wool fabrics in combination with traditional mordants (tannin and alum) and <em>Rubia tinctorum L.</em> dye created a dual-functional coating with outstanding UV protection (UPF 96) and significant antimicrobial properties against <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>E. coli</em>. This novel approach achieves superior fabric protection and establishes a sustainable closed-loop system by upcycling waste into value-added products. This scalable strategy for transforming textile industry waste into high-performance nanomaterials, pioneers new horizons for sustainable textile functionalization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 120843"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120859
Zhenkedai Yuan , Xingyu Tian , Xinzhuan Yao , Shenyuan Ye , Ping Li , Hu Tang , Yujie Jiao , Qi Zhao , Litang Lu
Galloylated catechins are the dominant bioactive metabolites in tea leaves and have a great impact on tea flavor quality and human health. Trihelix transcription factors are known to perform essential functions in regulating multiple plant developmental processes and environmental responses. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism of Trihelix members in modulating tea plant galloylated catechin biosynthesis remains obscure. Here, the Trihelix transcription factor CsGT1A was identified as a candidate gene involved in tea plant galloylated catechin biosynthesis via a genome-wide association study. CsGT1A transcription showed significantly positive correlations with galloylated catechin content. Overexpression of CsGT1A significantly increased galloylated catechin content and upregulated the expression of serine carboxypeptidase-like acyltransferase gene CsSCPL11-IA, the key structural gene in the downstream path of galloylated catechin biosynthesis. Silencing of CsGT1A remarkably reduced galloylated catechin content and downregulated CsSCPL11-IA transcription. The CsSCPL11-IA transcription could be activated by CsGT1A through interacting with its promoter, evidenced by yeast one-hybrid assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Light intensity-responsive gene expression analysis showed that CsGT1A transcription was significantly correlated with the transcription of most galloylated catechin biosynthesis-related genes, especially CsSCPL11-IA, as well as the contents of galloylated catechins, under different light intensities. Taken together, these results revealed that CsGT1A could promote galloylated catechin biosynthesis by directly activating CsSCPL11-IA, and CsGT1A-CsSCPL11-IA module is also involved in light intensity-regulated galloylated catechin biosynthesis. This study deepens our comprehension of the regulatory mechanism underlying galloylated catechin biosynthesis, and provides valuable information for the cultivation of high-quality tea plant cultivars.
{"title":"The CsGT1A-CsSCPL11-IA module positively regulates galloylated catechin biosynthesis in tea plants","authors":"Zhenkedai Yuan , Xingyu Tian , Xinzhuan Yao , Shenyuan Ye , Ping Li , Hu Tang , Yujie Jiao , Qi Zhao , Litang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Galloylated catechins are the dominant bioactive metabolites in tea leaves and have a great impact on tea flavor quality and human health. Trihelix transcription factors are known to perform essential functions in regulating multiple plant developmental processes and environmental responses. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism of Trihelix members in modulating tea plant galloylated catechin biosynthesis remains obscure. Here, the Trihelix transcription factor <em>CsGT1A</em> was identified as a candidate gene involved in tea plant galloylated catechin biosynthesis via a genome-wide association study. <em>CsGT1A</em> transcription showed significantly positive correlations with galloylated catechin content. Overexpression of <em>CsGT1A</em> significantly increased galloylated catechin content and upregulated the expression of serine carboxypeptidase-like acyltransferase gene <em>CsSCPL11-IA</em>, the key structural gene in the downstream path of galloylated catechin biosynthesis<em>.</em> Silencing of <em>CsGT1A</em> remarkably reduced galloylated catechin content and downregulated <em>CsSCPL11-IA</em> transcription. The <em>CsSCPL11-IA</em> transcription could be activated by <em>CsGT1A</em> through interacting with its promoter, evidenced by yeast one-hybrid assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Light intensity-responsive gene expression analysis showed that <em>CsGT1A</em> transcription was significantly correlated with the transcription of most galloylated catechin biosynthesis-related genes, especially <em>CsSCPL11-IA</em>, as well as the contents of galloylated catechins, under different light intensities. Taken together, these results revealed that CsGT1A could promote galloylated catechin biosynthesis by directly activating <em>CsSCPL11-IA</em>, and <em>CsGT1A</em>-<em>CsSCPL11-IA</em> module is also involved in light intensity-regulated galloylated catechin biosynthesis. This study deepens our comprehension of the regulatory mechanism underlying galloylated catechin biosynthesis, and provides valuable information for the cultivation of high-quality tea plant cultivars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 120859"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Camellia oleifera, an important woody oil crop, is primarily grown in the acidic laterite regions. As an economic plantation distributed in subtropical area where characterized by seasons with high temperature and low precipitation, ensuring adequate soil moisture is pivotal for achieving high and stable yields in C. oleifera plantation soil, which potentially impact soil gaseous nitrogen emissions associated with global climate change. However, few studies have been reported on the impact of modified water-retaining agents on soil nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO) emissions. This study aims to investigate the effects of water-retaining agent polyacrylamide (PAM) and C. oleifera fruit shell-derived biochar-modified PAM (MP) on soil water retention ability and the emissions of N2O and NO from C. oleifera plantation soil. Specifically, the effects of PAM (0.4 ‰PAM, and 1 ‰PAM) and biochar-modified PAM (4 %MP, 10%MP) on the emissions of N2O and NO, soil physicochemical properties, and the abundance of relevant microbial functional genes in C. oleifera plantation soil was examined. The results indicated that both PAM and biochar modified PAM significantly altered soil moisture, soil physicochemical properties, and the abundance of associated microbial functional genes. Soil NO emissions were reduced by 15.90 %, 18.54 %, 16.01 %, and 30.34 % by the application of 0.4‰, 1‰, 4 % ModiPAM, and 10 % ModiPAM, respectively. The application of the modified water-retaining agents increased soil moisture, reduced soil NO emissions by affecting the abundance of functional genes involved in nitrification and denitrification processes via increases in soil pH. The application of water-retaining agents, especially MP, offers a beneficial approach to soil moisture management and the regulation of greenhouse gas emissions. The optimal ratio and application methods of water-retaining agents should be explored by future studies to maximize benefits.
{"title":"Biochar modified water-retaining agent polyacrylamide reduced NO but not N2O emissions from Camellia oleifera plantation soil","authors":"Shuli Wang, Yadi Yu, Xi Zhang, Hao Wang, Laicong Luo, Jian Bai, Xintong Xu, Dongnan Hu, Ling Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Camellia oleifera</em>, an important woody oil crop, is primarily grown in the acidic laterite regions. As an economic plantation distributed in subtropical area where characterized by seasons with high temperature and low precipitation, ensuring adequate soil moisture is pivotal for achieving high and stable yields in <em>C. oleifera</em> plantation soil, which potentially impact soil gaseous nitrogen emissions associated with global climate change. However, few studies have been reported on the impact of modified water-retaining agents on soil nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) and nitric oxide (NO) emissions. This study aims to investigate the effects of water-retaining agent polyacrylamide (PAM) and <em>C. oleifera</em> fruit shell-derived biochar-modified PAM (MP) on soil water retention ability and the emissions of N<sub>2</sub>O and NO from <em>C. oleifera</em> plantation soil. Specifically, the effects of PAM (0.4 ‰PAM, and 1 ‰PAM) and biochar-modified PAM (4 %MP, 10%MP) on the emissions of N<sub>2</sub>O and NO, soil physicochemical properties, and the abundance of relevant microbial functional genes in <em>C. oleifera</em> plantation soil was examined. The results indicated that both PAM and biochar modified PAM significantly altered soil moisture, soil physicochemical properties, and the abundance of associated microbial functional genes. Soil NO emissions were reduced by 15.90 %, 18.54 %, 16.01 %, and 30.34 % by the application of 0.4‰, 1‰, 4 % ModiPAM, and 10 % ModiPAM, respectively. The application of the modified water-retaining agents increased soil moisture, reduced soil NO emissions by affecting the abundance of functional genes involved in nitrification and denitrification processes via increases in soil pH. The application of water-retaining agents, especially MP, offers a beneficial approach to soil moisture management and the regulation of greenhouse gas emissions. The optimal ratio and application methods of water-retaining agents should be explored by future studies to maximize benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 120838"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-17DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120850
Liying Cao , Shulong Li , Donghui Jiang , Miao Sun , Xiaoguo Liu
The effective acquisition of crop phenotypic structure information is crucial for monitoring and analyzing crop growth. However, in high-density agricultural environments, the complexity and redundancy of the data, coupled with the need for sweet pepper plants to be supported by surrounding frames and wires, significantly complicate the extraction of phenotypic structures. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an EGF-Former-based method for extracting phenotypic structures of sweet peppers in complex environments. The model's ability to capture fine structures is enhanced through the EfficientMod Module (EMM), which extracts information from multiple feature spaces. A refined attention allocation strategy, Global Masked Attention (GMA), is introduced to construct separate masks for foreground and background regions, allowing for accurate segmentation of these areas. Additionally, we propose a module based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFTM), which improves local contour extraction by obtaining high-frequency information in the frequency domain and performing cross-domain fusion with spatial domain features. This approach significantly enhances the segmentation of edge-blurred phenotypic structures. Experimental results demonstrate that our method exhibits strong robustness compared to state-of-the-art techniques, achieving 83.45 % and 90.37 % in the mIoU and mAcc metrics, respectively. Compared to the baseline model, the segmentation mIoU score improves by up to 3.1 %, while the model’s parameter count is reduced by 10 %, greatly enhancing the usability of EGF-Former in complex agricultural environments.
{"title":"EGF-Former: An efficient network for structural segmentation and phenotype extraction of sweet peppers in complex environments","authors":"Liying Cao , Shulong Li , Donghui Jiang , Miao Sun , Xiaoguo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effective acquisition of crop phenotypic structure information is crucial for monitoring and analyzing crop growth. However, in high-density agricultural environments, the complexity and redundancy of the data, coupled with the need for sweet pepper plants to be supported by surrounding frames and wires, significantly complicate the extraction of phenotypic structures. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an EGF-Former-based method for extracting phenotypic structures of sweet peppers in complex environments. The model's ability to capture fine structures is enhanced through the EfficientMod Module (EMM), which extracts information from multiple feature spaces. A refined attention allocation strategy, Global Masked Attention (GMA), is introduced to construct separate masks for foreground and background regions, allowing for accurate segmentation of these areas. Additionally, we propose a module based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFTM), which improves local contour extraction by obtaining high-frequency information in the frequency domain and performing cross-domain fusion with spatial domain features. This approach significantly enhances the segmentation of edge-blurred phenotypic structures. Experimental results demonstrate that our method exhibits strong robustness compared to state-of-the-art techniques, achieving 83.45 % and 90.37 % in the mIoU and mAcc metrics, respectively. Compared to the baseline model, the segmentation mIoU score improves by up to 3.1 %, while the model’s parameter count is reduced by 10 %, greatly enhancing the usability of EGF-Former in complex agricultural environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 120850"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-17DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120856
Rym Boukhalfa , Claudia Ruta , Saida Messgo-Moumene , Generosa J. Calabrese , Maria Pia Argentieri , Giuseppe De Mastro
The bioherbicidal potential of four essential oils (EOs) from Mediterranean species of Thymus sp. pl.: Thymus algeriensis Boiss. et Reut., T. ciliatus Desf. subspecies coloratus (Boiss. et Reut.) Batt., T. vulgaris L., ecotype Fasano and T. vulgaris L. var. Varico was investigated to identify new sources of biomolecules. In vivo assays were carried out to assess the effect of the EOs on pre and post-emergence of two weed species: Lolium perenne L. and Amaranthus retroflexus L. Four concentrations of EO emulsions (5, 7.5, 10 and 20 µL/mL) were applied. All essential oils (EOs) exhibited the strongest herbicidal activity at the highest tested concentration (20 µL/mL), completely inhibiting seed germination (100 %) in the Vithal control, whereas lower concentrations were less effective. On the contrary, for post-emergence experiments and compared to the positive control, L. perenne showed resistance to the EOs while A. retroflexus was highly sensitive, arguing a selectivity of the EOs. Additionally, cytological analysis were performed on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh, for a better understanding of the structural modifications induced by the EOs. The root system of EO-treated A. thaliana seedlings was highly damaged.
{"title":"Assessment of the bioherbicidal potential of Thymus sp. pl. essential oils in weed control","authors":"Rym Boukhalfa , Claudia Ruta , Saida Messgo-Moumene , Generosa J. Calabrese , Maria Pia Argentieri , Giuseppe De Mastro","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The bioherbicidal potential of four essential oils (EOs) from Mediterranean species of <em>Thymus</em> sp. pl.: <em>Thymus algeriensis</em> Boiss. et Reut., <em>T. ciliatus</em> Desf. subspecies <em>coloratus</em> (Boiss. et Reut.) Batt., <em>T. vulgaris</em> L., ecotype Fasano and <em>T. vulgaris</em> L. var. Varico was investigated to identify new sources of biomolecules. <em>In vivo</em> assays were carried out to assess the effect of the EOs on pre and post-emergence of two weed species: <em>Lolium perenne</em> L. and <em>Amaranthus retroflexus</em> L. Four concentrations of EO emulsions (5, 7.5, 10 and 20 µL/mL) were applied. All essential oils (EOs) exhibited the strongest herbicidal activity at the highest tested concentration (20 µL/mL), completely inhibiting seed germination (100 %) in the Vithal control, whereas lower concentrations were less effective. On the contrary, for post-emergence experiments and compared to the positive control, <em>L. perenne</em> showed resistance to the EOs while <em>A. retroflexus</em> was highly sensitive, arguing a selectivity of the EOs. Additionally, cytological analysis were performed on the model plant <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> (L.) Heynh, for a better understanding of the structural modifications induced by the EOs. The root system of EO-treated <em>A. thaliana</em> seedlings was highly damaged.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 120856"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-17DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120863
Qiguang He , Hui Liu , Yiyu Hu , Xuemei Xian, Chengtian Feng, Kun Yuan, Zhenhui Wang
Tapping panel dryness (TPD) in rubber trees poses a significant challenge to the current production of natural rubber. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and recovery of TPD remain to be elucidated. To address this, we conducted transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of latex samples from healthy (HL), TPD-affected (TL) and TPD-recovery trees (RL). In total, 539 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) and 2598 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between TL and HL, and 553 DEMs and 2830 DEGs were detected between RL and TL. These DEMs and DEGs were mainly enriched in carbohydrate, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolism. During the occurrence of TPD, the metabolic balance of glycolysis and TCA cycle in latex is disrupted, consequently resulting in the accumulation of glucose and a reduction in the synthesis of metabolites essential for latex regeneration, such as acetyl coenzyme A, adenosine triphosphate, and amino acids. On the contrary, during the recovery of TPD, these metabolites gradually return to normal levels. Further detection of enzyme activities within these two pathways revealed that the activities of hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and citrate synthase in latex significantly decreased after TPD occurrence, but returned to normal levels after TPD recovery. These four enzymes might play a crucial role in the onset and recovery of TPD by modulating the synthesis of precursors for natural rubber biosynthesis. Our findings provide new insights into the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and recovery of TPD in rubber tree.
{"title":"Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals the glycolysis and TCA cycle pathways involved in the occurrence and recovery of tapping panel dryness in Hevea brasiliensis","authors":"Qiguang He , Hui Liu , Yiyu Hu , Xuemei Xian, Chengtian Feng, Kun Yuan, Zhenhui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tapping panel dryness (TPD) in rubber trees poses a significant challenge to the current production of natural rubber. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and recovery of TPD remain to be elucidated. To address this, we conducted transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of latex samples from healthy (HL), TPD-affected (TL) and TPD-recovery trees (RL). In total, 539 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) and 2598 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between TL and HL, and 553 DEMs and 2830 DEGs were detected between RL and TL. These DEMs and DEGs were mainly enriched in carbohydrate, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolism. During the occurrence of TPD, the metabolic balance of glycolysis and TCA cycle in latex is disrupted, consequently resulting in the accumulation of glucose and a reduction in the synthesis of metabolites essential for latex regeneration, such as acetyl coenzyme A, adenosine triphosphate, and amino acids. On the contrary, during the recovery of TPD, these metabolites gradually return to normal levels. Further detection of enzyme activities within these two pathways revealed that the activities of hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and citrate synthase in latex significantly decreased after TPD occurrence, but returned to normal levels after TPD recovery. These four enzymes might play a crucial role in the onset and recovery of TPD by modulating the synthesis of precursors for natural rubber biosynthesis. Our findings provide new insights into the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and recovery of TPD in rubber tree.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 120863"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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