Pub Date : 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122861
Zhengzhong Luo , Kang Yong , Kang Zhang , Yixin Huang , Zheng Zhou , Xueping Yao , Liuhong Shen , Shumin Yu , Jianxi Li , Suizhong Cao
Gut microbiota is a symbiotic ecosystem, yet how polysaccharides regulate gut microbial interactions and the related host co-metabolism in dairy cows, particularly regarding bile acids, remain unclear. In postpartum cows, Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) supplementation reduced key biomarkers of metabolic stress, including β-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, interferon-γ, and TNF-α. Although fecal microbial diversity did not show significant changes, APS markedly altered interactions within the gut microbiota, improving cohesion and stability of co-occurrence network, such as a higher clustering coefficient, greater core modularization, and enhanced robustness, with reduced average path length and vulnerability. APS elevated bile acids such as tauroursodeoxycholic acid, independent of changes in related taxa abundance. Moreover, microbial functional gene networks exhibited strong correlations with bile acid metabolism after APS treatment. These findings demonstrate that APS enhances microbial network stability and bile acid–related host co-metabolism, alleviating postpartum metabolic stress in dairy cows.
{"title":"Astragalus polysaccharides modulate gut microbial interaction and bile acid metabolism of postpartum dairy cows","authors":"Zhengzhong Luo , Kang Yong , Kang Zhang , Yixin Huang , Zheng Zhou , Xueping Yao , Liuhong Shen , Shumin Yu , Jianxi Li , Suizhong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gut microbiota is a symbiotic ecosystem, yet how polysaccharides regulate gut microbial interactions and the related host co-metabolism in dairy cows, particularly regarding bile acids, remain unclear. In postpartum cows, <em>Astragalus</em> polysaccharides (APS) supplementation reduced key biomarkers of metabolic stress, including β-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, interferon-γ, and TNF-α. Although fecal microbial diversity did not show significant changes, APS markedly altered interactions within the gut microbiota, improving cohesion and stability of co-occurrence network, such as a higher clustering coefficient, greater core modularization, and enhanced robustness, with reduced average path length and vulnerability. APS elevated bile acids such as tauroursodeoxycholic acid, independent of changes in related taxa abundance. Moreover, microbial functional gene networks exhibited strong correlations with bile acid metabolism after APS treatment. These findings demonstrate that APS enhances microbial network stability and bile acid–related host co-metabolism, alleviating postpartum metabolic stress in dairy cows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122861"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122877
Hao-cheng Lou , Jia-shun Yang , Hong Zhang , Chao Li , Xiao-jun Pan , Jia-ning Pan , Shi-zan Cao , Li-shang Dai , Zhi-gang Wu
Uncaria rhynchophylla (Gou-teng, UR) produces numerous structurally diverse tetracyclic monoterpene oxindole-type alkaloids (tMOAs) with notable pharmacological activities. Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) play crucial roles in generating the structural diversity of specialized metabolites. However, the CYP superfamily and its biochemical function in tMOAs biosynthesis in UR remains poorly characterized, largely due to the complexity of P450 genes. In this study, a total of 460 UrCYP genes were identified in the UR genome and clustered into nine clans and 43 families by a comprehensive genome-wide analysis. Furthermore, phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, conserved motifs, and duplication events driving the expansion of these UrCYPs were revealed, respectively. Using gene coexpression analysis and yeast functional assays, two tandemly duplicated CYP71 members were discovered to catalyze the regio-specific C-2’ oxindole and rearrangement of tetracyclic corynanthe-type intermediates (hirsutine, hirsuteine) to form tMOAs, including rhynchophylline, isorhynchophylline, corynoxeine, and isocorynoxeine. Meanwhile, overexpression and RNA interference of UrCYP71A22.4 and UrCYP71A22.5 substantially increased and decreased the accumulation of these oxindole alkaloids in hairy roots, respectively. Subcellular localization revealed that UrCYP71A22.4/5-eGFP fusion proteins localize to endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Docking analysis identified four conserved candidate residues (S134/130, D319/318, R447/459, P450/462) surrounding UrCYP71A22.4/5 binding pockets that likely serve as key active sites for 2-oxindole structure formation. Together, this study not only provides critical insights into the previously unknown biosynthesis of tMOAs in UR but also offers a potential strategy for the sustainable production of these pharmaceutically valuable alkaloids.
{"title":"Genome-wide analysis of cytochrome P450 genes discovers two oxidases responsible for the biosynthesis of oxindole alkaloids in Uncaria rhynchophylla","authors":"Hao-cheng Lou , Jia-shun Yang , Hong Zhang , Chao Li , Xiao-jun Pan , Jia-ning Pan , Shi-zan Cao , Li-shang Dai , Zhi-gang Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Uncaria rhynchophylla</em> (Gou-teng, UR) produces numerous structurally diverse tetracyclic monoterpene oxindole-type alkaloids (tMOAs) with notable pharmacological activities. Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) play crucial roles in generating the structural diversity of specialized metabolites. However, the CYP superfamily and its biochemical function in tMOAs biosynthesis in UR remains poorly characterized, largely due to the complexity of P450 genes. In this study, a total of 460 <em>UrCYP</em> genes were identified in the UR genome and clustered into nine clans and 43 families by a comprehensive genome-wide analysis. Furthermore, phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, conserved motifs, and duplication events driving the expansion of these <em>UrCYPs</em> were revealed, respectively. Using gene coexpression analysis and yeast functional assays, two tandemly duplicated CYP71 members were discovered to catalyze the regio-specific C-2’ oxindole and rearrangement of tetracyclic corynanthe-type intermediates (hirsutine, hirsuteine) to form tMOAs, including rhynchophylline, isorhynchophylline, corynoxeine, and isocorynoxeine. Meanwhile, overexpression and RNA interference of <em>UrCYP71A22.4</em> and <em>UrCYP71A22.5</em> substantially increased and decreased the accumulation of these oxindole alkaloids in hairy roots, respectively. Subcellular localization revealed that UrCYP71A22.4/5-eGFP fusion proteins localize to endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Docking analysis identified four conserved candidate residues (S134/130, D319/318, R447/459, P450/462) surrounding UrCYP71A22.4/5 binding pockets that likely serve as key active sites for 2-oxindole structure formation. Together, this study not only provides critical insights into the previously unknown biosynthesis of tMOAs in UR but also offers a potential strategy for the sustainable production of these pharmaceutically valuable alkaloids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122877"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122857
Gregory N. Thyssen, David D. Fang, Linghe Zeng, B. Todd Campbell, Don C. Jones, Jack C. McCarty, Johnie N. Jenkins
High yield is one of the most desirable traits in crops. A negative correlation between yield and other desirable traits in crops may be due to either pleiotropy or repulsive linkage. Multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) populations create opportunities for novel combinations of alleles of genes from several parents to exist in one recombinant inbred line. Here, we describe the breaking of the repulsive linkage between yield (YLD) and cotton fiber strength (STR) at Chr. Ghi_A07:90 Mb in a Gossypium hirsutum L. MAGIC population. The loss of a PHL3-like gene (Ghi_A07G11906) may dampen the phosphate (Pi) starvation response, and attenuate a reallocation of resources to root growth at the expense of vegetative and reproductive growth, and thus a reduction in yield. Targeted mutagenesis of transcription factors that modulate abiotic stress responses may be a generalizable strategy for yield improvement in farmed crops.
{"title":"Breaking the repulsive linkage between fiber strength and yield in a cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) MAGIC population suggests dampening starvation responses can increase yield","authors":"Gregory N. Thyssen, David D. Fang, Linghe Zeng, B. Todd Campbell, Don C. Jones, Jack C. McCarty, Johnie N. Jenkins","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122857","url":null,"abstract":"High yield is one of the most desirable traits in crops. A negative correlation between yield and other desirable traits in crops may be due to either pleiotropy or repulsive linkage. Multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) populations create opportunities for novel combinations of alleles of genes from several parents to exist in one recombinant inbred line. Here, we describe the breaking of the repulsive linkage between yield (YLD) and cotton fiber strength (STR) at Chr. Ghi_A07:90 Mb in a <ce:italic>Gossypium hirsutum</ce:italic> L. MAGIC population. The loss of a PHL3-like gene (Ghi_A07G11906) may dampen the phosphate (Pi) starvation response, and attenuate a reallocation of resources to root growth at the expense of vegetative and reproductive growth, and thus a reduction in yield. Targeted mutagenesis of transcription factors that modulate abiotic stress responses may be a generalizable strategy for yield improvement in farmed crops.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"284 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122810
Xiangyu Yao, Jiaqi Liu, Can Huang, Jianing Li, Jiawei Mo, Yu Gao, Fenggui Fan, Yingjuan Wang
In the face of escalating global climate change and water scarcity, deciphering and improving crop drought tolerance mechanisms has become a pivotal research focus in both agricultural and horticultural fields. The response and regulation of metabolite synthesis pathways in plants under stress play a crucial role in establishing stress tolerance mechanisms. Salvia sclarea, an aromatic crop that integrates both economic value and medicinal characteristics, has garnered significant attention in the horticultural and agricultural sectors due to its secondary metabolite, sclareol, which exhibits medicinal properties and aromatic traits. However, the potential effects of its synthetic pathways on the regulatory mechanism under water deficiency and the role of endogenous sclareol in drought stress tolerance remain elucidation. Our findings showed that drought stress triggered the up-regulation of gene SsSCS in the sclareol synthesis pathway. Ectopic co-overexpression of the two sclareol synthesis genes (SsdTPS, SsSCS) in transgenic N. benthamiana positively modulated the response and regulation to drought stress by up-regulating gene expression in the MEP pathway and ABA signaling pathway, and promoted the accumulation of sclareol and ABA within the plants. Meanwhile, the co-overexpression enhanced the expression of genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway and the response of the ROS scavenging system in transgenic plants, increased the lignin content in the plants, and reduced oxidative stress damage. These conferred the plants with an enhanced drought resistance phenotype, and increased the content of secondary metabolites. The findings provide theoretical support for investigating the regulatory mechanisms of drought stress in Salvia sclarea, advance functional studies of medicinal plant resources, and offer a novel perspective for breeding innovations aimed at improving drought tolerant crops.
{"title":"Dual gene engineering of SsdTPS and SsSCS boosted secondary metabolites synthesis and drought tolerance via activation of metabolic and stress signaling pathways","authors":"Xiangyu Yao, Jiaqi Liu, Can Huang, Jianing Li, Jiawei Mo, Yu Gao, Fenggui Fan, Yingjuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122810","url":null,"abstract":"In the face of escalating global climate change and water scarcity, deciphering and improving crop drought tolerance mechanisms has become a pivotal research focus in both agricultural and horticultural fields. The response and regulation of metabolite synthesis pathways in plants under stress play a crucial role in establishing stress tolerance mechanisms. <ce:italic>Salvia sclarea</ce:italic>, an aromatic crop that integrates both economic value and medicinal characteristics, has garnered significant attention in the horticultural and agricultural sectors due to its secondary metabolite, sclareol, which exhibits medicinal properties and aromatic traits. However, the potential effects of its synthetic pathways on the regulatory mechanism under water deficiency and the role of endogenous sclareol in drought stress tolerance remain elucidation. Our findings showed that drought stress triggered the up-regulation of gene <ce:italic>SsSCS</ce:italic> in the sclareol synthesis pathway. Ectopic co-overexpression of the two sclareol synthesis genes (<ce:italic>SsdTPS</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>SsSCS</ce:italic>) in transgenic <ce:italic>N. benthamiana</ce:italic> positively modulated the response and regulation to drought stress by up-regulating gene expression in the MEP pathway and ABA signaling pathway, and promoted the accumulation of sclareol and ABA within the plants. Meanwhile, the co-overexpression enhanced the expression of genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway and the response of the ROS scavenging system in transgenic plants, increased the lignin content in the plants, and reduced oxidative stress damage. These conferred the plants with an enhanced drought resistance phenotype, and increased the content of secondary metabolites. The findings provide theoretical support for investigating the regulatory mechanisms of drought stress in <ce:italic>Salvia sclarea</ce:italic>, advance functional studies of medicinal plant resources, and offer a novel perspective for breeding innovations aimed at improving drought tolerant crops.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122879
Zhengxin Miao, Jiawei Wu, Quan Wang, Lei Yu, Rongping Chen
As oil pollution continues to pose serious environmental threats, the development of efficient and eco-friendly materials for its remediation has become increasingly important. In this study, six types of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were used to treat corn stalks, yielding cellulose-rich materials that were subsequently combined with chitosan to fabricate aerogels designed for oil–water separation. The resulting aerogels exhibited high oil–water separation efficiency, achieving over 95 % in the initial cycle and retaining efficiencies above 90 % after at least five reuse cycles. They also exhibited excellent mechanical strength, demonstrating 95 % height recovery after 50 compression cycles at 50 % strain, along with stable stress–strain behavior. Furthermore, the aerogels were amphiphilic in air (contact angle < 90°) and superoleophobic underwater (contact angle > 150°), making them highly suitable for efficient oil–water separation. This study is the first to utilize DES-treated cellulose-rich biomass for the fabrication of aerogels. The DES treatment facilitated precise control over the surface properties of the materials. Moreover, the small amount of lignin retained within the biomass contributed to reinforcing the aerogel network, thereby enhancing its mechanical stability. Compared to conventional approaches, this method not only provides an effective solution for mitigating oil pollution but also adds value to agricultural waste. The resulting aerogels surpass many recently reported cellulose-based aerogels in terms of separation efficiency, recyclability, and environmental safety, presenting a promising green technology for water treatment and pollution control.
{"title":"Controllable fabrication of chitosan-lignocellulose aerogels derived from agricultural waste and their enhanced mechanism in oil-water separation","authors":"Zhengxin Miao, Jiawei Wu, Quan Wang, Lei Yu, Rongping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122879","url":null,"abstract":"As oil pollution continues to pose serious environmental threats, the development of efficient and eco-friendly materials for its remediation has become increasingly important. In this study, six types of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were used to treat corn stalks, yielding cellulose-rich materials that were subsequently combined with chitosan to fabricate aerogels designed for oil–water separation. The resulting aerogels exhibited high oil–water separation efficiency, achieving over 95 % in the initial cycle and retaining efficiencies above 90 % after at least five reuse cycles. They also exhibited excellent mechanical strength, demonstrating 95 % height recovery after 50 compression cycles at 50 % strain, along with stable stress–strain behavior. Furthermore, the aerogels were amphiphilic in air (contact angle < 90°) and superoleophobic underwater (contact angle > 150°), making them highly suitable for efficient oil–water separation. This study is the first to utilize DES-treated cellulose-rich biomass for the fabrication of aerogels. The DES treatment facilitated precise control over the surface properties of the materials. Moreover, the small amount of lignin retained within the biomass contributed to reinforcing the aerogel network, thereby enhancing its mechanical stability. Compared to conventional approaches, this method not only provides an effective solution for mitigating oil pollution but also adds value to agricultural waste. The resulting aerogels surpass many recently reported cellulose-based aerogels in terms of separation efficiency, recyclability, and environmental safety, presenting a promising green technology for water treatment and pollution control.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122828
Xingping Zuo, Yunhang Zeng, Zhangjun Huang, Bi Shi, Weixing Xu, Hui Qin, Jiaping Yang, Pan Song
The Chinese Baijiu industry produces over one billion tons of distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) annually, posing a significant environmental challenge. Traditional methods of utilization are hindered by numerous limitations, including insufficient treatment, low-value processing, and high energy consumption. In this study, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), an inorganic adhesive, was employed to bond DDGS for its materialization. APP self-condensed to intensify its van der Waals force attraction to DDGS—eschewing any chemical reaction with DDGS, resulting in the formation of DB-APP4, which exhibits optimal mechanical properties unaffected by variations in DDGS reactivity. With a modulus of rupture of 12.48 MPa, a modulus of elasticity of 2221.65 MPa, an internal bond strength of 0.56 MPa, and a thickness swelling rate of 5.53 %, DB-APP4 satisfies the fundamental performance criteria for particleboard as outlined in ISO 16978:2003. Furthermore, owing to APP’s ability to catalyze the formation of a protective carbon layer on the material surface while preserving the high porosity characteristic of biomass, the flame retardancy of DB-APP4 has reached Class B1. This study not only addresses the challenge of effectively repurposing DDGS but also provides a pioneering and practical approach for the industrial application of DDGS-based particleboards.
{"title":"Sustainable utilization of distiller’s dried grains with solubles: Ammonium polyphosphate bonded particleboard with enhanced strength and flame retardancy","authors":"Xingping Zuo, Yunhang Zeng, Zhangjun Huang, Bi Shi, Weixing Xu, Hui Qin, Jiaping Yang, Pan Song","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122828","url":null,"abstract":"The Chinese Baijiu industry produces over one billion tons of distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) annually, posing a significant environmental challenge. Traditional methods of utilization are hindered by numerous limitations, including insufficient treatment, low-value processing, and high energy consumption. In this study, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), an inorganic adhesive, was employed to bond DDGS for its materialization. APP self-condensed to intensify its van der Waals force attraction to DDGS—eschewing any chemical reaction with DDGS, resulting in the formation of DB-APP4, which exhibits optimal mechanical properties unaffected by variations in DDGS reactivity. With a modulus of rupture of 12.48 MPa, a modulus of elasticity of 2221.65 MPa, an internal bond strength of 0.56 MPa, and a thickness swelling rate of 5.53 %, DB-APP4 satisfies the fundamental performance criteria for particleboard as outlined in ISO 16978:2003. Furthermore, owing to APP’s ability to catalyze the formation of a protective carbon layer on the material surface while preserving the high porosity characteristic of biomass, the flame retardancy of DB-APP4 has reached Class B<sub>1</sub>. This study not only addresses the challenge of effectively repurposing DDGS but also provides a pioneering and practical approach for the industrial application of DDGS-based particleboards.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"295 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122854
Md. Imran Islam, Lipi Akter, Muhammad Zamir Hossain
The depletion of fossil fuel reserves has intensified research into renewable and sustainable energy sources, with biomass receiving considerable attention due to its abundance and carbon neutrality. In this work, paddy straw was converted into bio-oils and value-added chemicals through catalytic hydroliquefaction using CeO2 and Zr-doped CeO2 (Zr–CeO2) nanocatalysts (NCs). The NCs were synthesized via a hydrothermal method and systematically characterized. XRD patterns confirmed the formation of a single-phase cubic fluorite structure for both catalysts. HR-TEM analysis revealed nanosized particles with clear lattice fringes, improved crystallinity, and reduced agglomeration after Zr incorporation. FT-IR spectra showed characteristic Ce–O and Zr–O–Ce vibrational bands, confirming successful Zr substitution within the CeO2 lattice. Under optimized conditions (temperature: 200 °C, reaction time: 10 h, catalyst loading: 100 mg), Zr–CeO2 achieved a biomass conversion of 87.9 % and a bio-oils yield of 68.3 %, significantly higher than those obtained with pristine CeO2 (82.1 % conversion, 66.2 % bio-oils yield). GC–MS analysis indicated that the bio-oils mainly consisted of alcohols, phenols, acids, esters, ketones, hydrocarbons, and furans. The enhanced performance is attributed to Zr-induced lattice modification and improved dispersion of active sites, representing a novel catalytic enhancement strategy for efficient paddy straw hydroliquefaction.
{"title":"Hydrothermal conversion of paddy residue into bio-oils and chemicals using pure and zirconium-doped cerium oxide nanocatalysts","authors":"Md. Imran Islam, Lipi Akter, Muhammad Zamir Hossain","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122854","url":null,"abstract":"The depletion of fossil fuel reserves has intensified research into renewable and sustainable energy sources, with biomass receiving considerable attention due to its abundance and carbon neutrality. In this work, paddy straw was converted into bio-oils and value-added chemicals through catalytic hydroliquefaction using CeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> and Zr-doped CeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> (Zr–CeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>) nanocatalysts (NCs). The NCs were synthesized via a hydrothermal method and systematically characterized. XRD patterns confirmed the formation of a single-phase cubic fluorite structure for both catalysts. HR-TEM analysis revealed nanosized particles with clear lattice fringes, improved crystallinity, and reduced agglomeration after Zr incorporation. FT-IR spectra showed characteristic Ce–O and Zr–O–Ce vibrational bands, confirming successful Zr substitution within the CeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> lattice. Under optimized conditions (temperature: 200 °C, reaction time: 10 h, catalyst loading: 100 mg), Zr–CeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> achieved a biomass conversion of 87.9 % and a bio-oils yield of 68.3 %, significantly higher than those obtained with pristine CeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> (82.1 % conversion, 66.2 % bio-oils yield). GC–MS analysis indicated that the bio-oils mainly consisted of alcohols, phenols, acids, esters, ketones, hydrocarbons, and furans. The enhanced performance is attributed to Zr-induced lattice modification and improved dispersion of active sites, representing a novel catalytic enhancement strategy for efficient paddy straw hydroliquefaction.","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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