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Co-pyrolysis of rubber seed oil and industrial hemp stem: Asym2sig deconvolution, thermal behavior, synergistic reaction and kinetic 橡胶籽油和工业大麻茎的共热解:Asym2sig解卷积、热行为、协同反应和动力学
IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119978
Jinlong Du, Jianhang Hu, Shiliang Yang, Huili Liu, Hua Wang
Evaluation of Kinetic triplets and thermodynamics of the co-pyrolysis of industrial hemp stem (IHS) and rubber seed oil (RSO) contributes to the efficient utilization of agricultural waste. The thermodynamics and kinetics of four pseudo components from mixture (RSO: IHS=1: 1) are investigated using Asym2sig deconvolution. The results show that the of pseudo hemicellulose, pseudo cellulose, pseudo triglyceride and pseudo lignin are 76.019, 193.587, 231.764 and 408.552 kJ/mol. The average differences in and ΔH for the four pseudo-fractions also are 4.439, 4.929, 5.576 and 6.018 kJ/mol. Lower energy barrier favors the reaction. The frequency factor values for four pseudo-components pyrolysis are 1.07 × 108 s−1 for pseudo hemicellulose, 1.78 × 1019 s−1 for pseudo cellulose, 6.04 × 1018 s−1 for pseudo triglyceride, and 6.96 × 1031 s−1 for pseudo lignin. The four pseudo-components have different pyrolysis reaction mechanisms. The synergistic effect calculations show a significant interaction between RSO and IHS. According to thermodynamic analysis, the pyrolysis of the four pseudo components requires the provision of external energy. FT-IR results indicate that RSO can significantly increase the release of C2H2, C2H4, C2H6 and CH4 during the co-pyrolysis of RSO and IHS. The co-pyrolysis of IHS and RSO can increase the content of alkene, alkane and MAHs, which improve the quality of bio-oil significantly. Besides, it can reduce the content of PAHs, which reduces the viscosity of the bio-oil. The results can provide new insights into the synergistic and efficient disposal of triglycerides and lignocellulosic biomass.
评估工业大麻茎(IHS)和橡胶籽油(RSO)共热解的动力学三元组和热力学有助于有效利用农业废弃物。使用 Asym2sig 解卷积法研究了混合物(RSO:IHS=1:1)中四种伪组分的热力学和动力学。结果表明,假半纤维素、假纤维素、假甘油三酯和假木质素的 Eα 分别为 76.019、193.587、231.764 和 408.552 kJ/mol。四种假馏分的 Eα 和 ΔH 的平均差异也分别为 4.439、4.929、5.576 和 6.018 kJ/mol。较低的能障有利于反应的进行。四种伪组分热解的频率因子值分别为:伪半纤维素 1.07 × 108 s-1,伪纤维素 1.78 × 1019 s-1,伪甘油三酯 6.04 × 1018 s-1,伪木质素 6.96 × 1031 s-1。四种伪成分的热解反应机理各不相同。协同效应计算表明,RSO 和 IHS 之间存在显著的相互作用。根据热力学分析,四种伪成分的热解需要外部能量的提供。傅立叶变换红外光谱结果表明,在 RSO 和 IHS 的共热解过程中,RSO 能显著增加 C2H2、C2H4、C2H6 和 CH4 的释放。IHS 和 RSO 的共热解可以增加烯烃、烷烃和 MAHs 的含量,从而明显改善生物油的质量。此外,它还能降低多环芳烃的含量,从而降低生物油的粘度。这些结果为协同高效处理甘油三酯和木质纤维素生物质提供了新的思路。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation on torsional forces and angles at the nut and pedicel junction (NPJ) revealed varying cashew apple (hypocarp) and nut separation efficiency at different developmental stages in cashew 对坚果和花梗交界处(NPJ)的扭转力和角度的研究表明,在腰果的不同发育阶段,腰果苹果(下果皮)和坚果的分离效率各不相同
IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119951
K. Manjunatha , Siddanna Savadi , Ravindra Naik , D. Balasubramanian , J.D. Adiga , B.M. Muralidhara , C.R. Chethan , C. Anilkumar
Cashew is a highly valued tree nut crop that is widely grown for nourishment and industrial applications. The study of fruit and nut separation forces is a necessary for efficiently detaching the nuts from the swollen pedicel or hypocarp referred to as cashew apple (pseudo fruit). In this study, the torsional/twisting forces (TF) required for separating the nuts from the cashew apples (CA) were analyzed at the nut pedicel junction (NPJ) in different cultivars at different fruit developmental stages [BBCH (BiologischeBundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und ChemischeIndustrie) stage code: 711, 713, 715, 717, 719, 811, 813, 815, 817, 819] and days after fall to devise strategies for efficient separation of nuts and CAs. The TF and torsional/twisting angle (TA) were measured using a novel strain gauge-based reaction type torque transducer and a customized fixture. The CA firmness (CAF), and CA cavity depth, length, and width at the NPJ were also measured. Significant variations were observed in the TF and the TA at different fruit developmental stages and days after fall (DAF) in the studied cultivars. The TFs increased from 711 to 813 stages and subsequently declined from 813 to 819 stages and with increasing DAF. Further, the TA increased significantly with the development of fruits from 711 to 819 stages and days after fall. The analysis of the relationship between TF and the physical properties of CA showed that CA firmness and CA cavity depth at the NPJ had significant positive correlations. Further, the analysis of the relationship between the TA and the CA properties showed that CA firmness has significantly negative correlations. The findings of this study are valuable for the development of new cashew cultivars with low TF and TA suitable for mechanical separation and the designing of machinery with versatile end-effectors and twisting mechanisms for efficient separation of nuts from CAs.
腰果是一种价值极高的树坚果作物,广泛种植用于营养和工业用途。研究果实和坚果的分离力是有效地将坚果从腰果(假果实)膨胀的果梗或下果皮中分离出来的必要条件。本研究分析了在不同果实发育阶段(BBCH(BiologischeBundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und ChemischeIndustrie)阶段代码:711、713、715),不同栽培品种在坚果花梗连接处(NPJ)将坚果与腰果(CA)分离所需的扭转/扭曲力(TF):711、713、715、717、719、811、813、815、817、819]和落果后的天数,以制定有效分离坚果和 CA 的策略。使用基于应变计的新型反应式扭矩传感器和定制夹具测量 TF 和扭转/扭转角 (TA)。此外,还测量了 CA 的坚固性(CAF)以及 NPJ 上 CA 腔的深度、长度和宽度。在所研究的栽培品种中,不同果实发育阶段和落果后天数(DAF)下的 TF 和 TA 存在显著差异。TFs从711期增加到813期,随后从813期下降到819期,并随着DAF的增加而下降。此外,随着果实从 711 龄期到 819 龄期以及落果后天数的增加,TA 也明显增加。TF与CA物理性质的关系分析表明,CA坚硬度和CA在NPJ上的空腔深度呈显著正相关。此外,TA 与 CA 物理性质之间的关系分析表明,CA 的坚固性与 TA 呈显著负相关。这项研究的结果对于开发适合机械分离的低TF和TA腰果新品种,以及设计具有多功能末端执行器和扭转机构的机械以从CA中高效分离坚果非常有价值。
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引用次数: 0
Integrative analysis of the transcriptome, targeted metabolome, and anatomical observation provides insights into the brassinosteroids-mediated seasonal variation of cambial activity in Chinese fir 通过对转录组、靶向代谢组和解剖观察的综合分析,深入了解铜皮素类固醇介导的冷杉韧皮部活性季节性变化
IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119977
Junjie Yang, Runxin Guo, Ye Yang, Yi Luo, Guangqian Wei, Liming Bian, Jin Xu
Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) is widely planted in southern China due to its strong adaptability and fast-growing. Wood formation is derived from the periodic changes of cambial activity that is regulated by environmental cues and phytohormone signals. Brassinosteroids (BRs), a class of plant-specific steroid hormones, play central roles in modulating cambial activity and xylem development. To decipher the regulatory role of BR in the dynamic change of Chinese fir cambium, a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome, targeted metabolome, and anatomical observation was conducted. The application of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR, 10 μM) significantly increased the cambial cell layers, resulting in the thickening of the secondary xylem. Conversely, brassinazole (Brz) treatment strikingly inhibited the xylem development by attenuating cambial activity. Moreover, 1583 up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were shared in stages A (reactivating), C (active), and E (dormant), which were annotated into the xylem formation and BR signaling pathway. Metabolomic profiling of phytohormone indicated that the contents of brassinolide (BL, the most active BR), castasterone (CS), and typhasterol (TY) were distinctly increased in stage C. Furthermore, ClBES1/BZR1, a hub gene in the co-expression network, dramatically activated the expression of ClPAL2 and ClMYB4 by binding to their promotors. Collectively, these results elucidate the potential role of BR in dynamic changes in the cambial zone and provide insight into the regulatory mechanism of wood formation in conifers.
冷杉(Cunninghamia lanceolata)因其适应性强、生长迅速而在中国南方广泛种植。木材的形成源于受环境线索和植物激素信号调控的韧皮部活动的周期性变化。芸苔素甾类激素(BRs)是一类植物特有的类固醇激素,在调节韧皮部活性和木质部发育方面发挥着核心作用。为了破译芸苔素甾类激素在冷杉韧皮部动态变化中的调控作用,研究人员对转录组、靶向代谢组和解剖观察进行了全面分析。结果表明,施用 24-环糊精内酯(EBR,10 μM)能显著增加韧皮部细胞层,导致次生木质部增厚。相反,黄铜唑(Brz)处理则会通过削弱木质部的活性而明显抑制木质部的发育。此外,1583个上调的差异表达基因(DEGs)在A阶段(重新激活)、C阶段(活跃)和E阶段(休眠)共有,这些基因被注释为木质部形成和BR信号通路。植物激素代谢组学分析表明,在C阶段,黄铜内酯(BL,最活跃的BR)、蓖麻甾酮(CS)和酪蓖醇(TY)的含量明显增加。此外,共表达网络中的中心基因ClBES1/BZR1通过与ClPAL2和ClMYB4的启动子结合,极大地激活了它们的表达。总之,这些结果阐明了BR在形成带动态变化中的潜在作用,并为针叶树木材形成的调控机制提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Novel keratin-based particles encapsulating essential oils: A step towards developing sustainable biopesticides 包裹精油的新型角蛋白颗粒:向开发可持续生物农药迈出一步
IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119995
Mariana P. Fernandes , Teresa Matamá , Jennifer Noro , André F. Costa , Carla Silva , Manuel Fernandes-Ferreira , Cristina Pereira-Wilson , Artur Cavaco-Paulo , Artur Ribeiro
Essential oils (EOs) are playing a pivotal role in pest control within biologic farming due to their botanical origin and potential as biocontrol agents. However, their use is still limited by challenges like high volatility, rapid oxidation, and susceptibility to degradation in field conditions. Additionally, EOs might present some health risks to humans through inhalation or direct contact during application. Encapsulation of EOs holds promise by enhancing essential stability and activity, while reducing their volatility and potential cytotoxicity. EOs from Satureja montana (Winter Savory), Mentha piperita (Peppermint) and Thymus vulgaris (Thyme) were investigated, both in their free form or encapsulated into keratin-based particles, representing a novel class of biopesticides. Particles containing 15 mg/mL of keratin encapsulating the EOs were stable over time with sizes below 650 nm and demonstrated particle formation and encapsulation efficiencies higher than 90 %. The keratin-based particles exhibited a release of approximately 12 %, 43 %, and 51 % for M. piperita EO, S. montana EO, and T. vulgaris EO, respectively, during a 48-hour in vitro evaluation. When tested for cytotoxicity in human fibroblast cells, the free EOs exhibited greater cytotoxic effects compared to their encapsulated forms, especially at higher concentrations. Encapsulation of EOs into keratin-based particles significantly reduced their harmful impact on cells, demonstrating the protective effect of these formulations. This reduction in cytotoxicity suggests potential for further exploration of these encapsulated EOs as alternatives to conventional pesticides. However, their efficacy against pests and their toxicity towards non-target species requires further validation.
精油(EOs)源自植物,具有生物控制剂的潜力,因此在生物农业的害虫控制中发挥着举足轻重的作用。然而,它们的使用仍然受到高挥发性、快速氧化和在田间条件下易降解等挑战的限制。此外,在使用过程中,环氧乙烷可能会通过吸入或直接接触给人类带来一些健康风险。环氧乙烷的封装可以提高其基本稳定性和活性,同时降低其挥发性和潜在的细胞毒性。研究人员对来自冬沙威、薄荷和百里香的环氧乙烷进行了研究,这些环氧乙烷既有自由形态,也有封装在角蛋白基颗粒中的形态,代表了一类新型的生物农药。含有 15 毫克/毫升角蛋白的环氧乙烷包囊颗粒长期稳定,尺寸低于 650 纳米,颗粒形成和包囊效率高于 90%。在 48 小时的体外评估中,基于角蛋白的颗粒分别释放了约 12 %、43 % 和 51 % 的蒌蒿萃取精华、蒙大拿萃取精华和寻常蒿萃取精华。在人体成纤维细胞中进行细胞毒性测试时,游离茴香油的细胞毒性效果比封装形式的茴香油更强,尤其是在浓度较高的情况下。将环氧乙烷封装到角蛋白基微粒中可大大降低其对细胞的有害影响,证明了这些制剂的保护作用。细胞毒性的降低表明,这些封装的环氧乙烷作为传统杀虫剂的替代品具有进一步开发的潜力。不过,它们对害虫的功效以及对非目标物种的毒性还需要进一步验证。
{"title":"Novel keratin-based particles encapsulating essential oils: A step towards developing sustainable biopesticides","authors":"Mariana P. Fernandes ,&nbsp;Teresa Matamá ,&nbsp;Jennifer Noro ,&nbsp;André F. Costa ,&nbsp;Carla Silva ,&nbsp;Manuel Fernandes-Ferreira ,&nbsp;Cristina Pereira-Wilson ,&nbsp;Artur Cavaco-Paulo ,&nbsp;Artur Ribeiro","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Essential oils (EOs) are playing a pivotal role in pest control within biologic farming due to their botanical origin and potential as biocontrol agents. However, their use is still limited by challenges like high volatility, rapid oxidation, and susceptibility to degradation in field conditions. Additionally, EOs might present some health risks to humans through inhalation or direct contact during application. Encapsulation of EOs holds promise by enhancing essential stability and activity, while reducing their volatility and potential cytotoxicity. EOs from <em>Satureja montana</em> (Winter Savory), <em>Mentha piperita</em> (Peppermint) and <em>Thymus vulgaris</em> (Thyme) were investigated, both in their free form or encapsulated into keratin-based particles, representing a novel class of biopesticides. Particles containing 15 mg/mL of keratin encapsulating the EOs were stable over time with sizes below 650 nm and demonstrated particle formation and encapsulation efficiencies higher than 90 %. The keratin-based particles exhibited a release of approximately 12 %, 43 %, and 51 % for <em>M. piperita</em> EO, <em>S. montana</em> EO, and <em>T. vulgaris</em> EO, respectively, during a 48-hour <em>in vitro</em> evaluation. When tested for cytotoxicity in human fibroblast cells, the free EOs exhibited greater cytotoxic effects compared to their encapsulated forms, especially at higher concentrations. Encapsulation of EOs into keratin-based particles significantly reduced their harmful impact on cells, demonstrating the protective effect of these formulations. This reduction in cytotoxicity suggests potential for further exploration of these encapsulated EOs as alternatives to conventional pesticides. However, their efficacy against pests and their toxicity towards non-target species requires further validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 119995"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preparation of tannic acid-based recyclable adhesive with high adhesion property, low curing temperature, and environmental tolerance 制备具有高粘合性能、低固化温度和环境耐受性的单宁酸基可回收粘合剂
IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119997
Ximing Yuan , Ruohong Bian , Yan Lyu , Cheng Li , Xiaona Li , Jing Luo , Jiongjiong Li
Tannin-based adhesives have demonstrated promise in decreasing dependence on petrochemical resources linked to formaldehyde-based resins. However, current tannin-based adhesives face challenges due to the incorporation of expensive or toxic reagents such as isocyanate, epoxy, and formaldehyde, as well as the inability to be recycled. This study presents a simple and eco-friendly approach for producing a tannic acid-based recyclable adhesive (TA-BVB) by employing tannic acid and 1,4-butanediol divinyl ether through acetal reactions. The resulting adhesive can be cured at a low temperature of 70℃ and demonstrated high bonding strength on wood and aluminum sheets, measuring 4.45 MPa and 5.44 MPa, respectively. Notably, the adhesive maintained its adhesion strength even under harsh conditions, including high temperatures (100℃), liquid nitrogen (-196℃), and exposure to various solvents. Moreover, the adhesive showcased excellent reusability, retaining over 100 % and 86 % of bonding strength after the first and second rounds of hot pressing, respectively. This adhesive can be repaired using infrared laser irradiation and displayed remarkable mold resistance. This research underscores the potential of tannic acid in developing environmentally friendly, high-performance, recyclable adhesives with versatile applications.
单宁基粘合剂有望减少对与甲醛基树脂相关的石化资源的依赖。然而,目前的单宁酸基粘合剂由于加入了昂贵或有毒的试剂(如异氰酸酯、环氧树脂和甲醛)以及无法回收利用而面临挑战。本研究提出了一种生产单宁酸基可回收粘合剂(TA-BVB)的简单而环保的方法,即通过缩醛反应使用单宁酸和 1,4-丁二醇二乙烯基醚。生成的粘合剂可在 70℃ 的低温下固化,在木板和铝板上的粘合强度很高,分别达到 4.45 兆帕和 5.44 兆帕。值得注意的是,这种粘合剂即使在高温(100℃)、液氮(-196℃)和暴露于各种溶剂等恶劣条件下也能保持粘合强度。此外,这种粘合剂还具有出色的重复使用性,在第一轮和第二轮热压后,粘合强度分别保持了 100 % 和 86 % 以上。这种粘合剂可使用红外线激光照射进行修复,并具有显著的防霉性能。这项研究强调了单宁酸在开发环保、高性能、可回收的多功能粘合剂方面的潜力。
{"title":"Preparation of tannic acid-based recyclable adhesive with high adhesion property, low curing temperature, and environmental tolerance","authors":"Ximing Yuan ,&nbsp;Ruohong Bian ,&nbsp;Yan Lyu ,&nbsp;Cheng Li ,&nbsp;Xiaona Li ,&nbsp;Jing Luo ,&nbsp;Jiongjiong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tannin-based adhesives have demonstrated promise in decreasing dependence on petrochemical resources linked to formaldehyde-based resins. However, current tannin-based adhesives face challenges due to the incorporation of expensive or toxic reagents such as isocyanate, epoxy, and formaldehyde, as well as the inability to be recycled. This study presents a simple and eco-friendly approach for producing a tannic acid-based recyclable adhesive (TA-BVB) by employing tannic acid and 1,4-butanediol divinyl ether through acetal reactions. The resulting adhesive can be cured at a low temperature of 70℃ and demonstrated high bonding strength on wood and aluminum sheets, measuring 4.45 MPa and 5.44 MPa, respectively. Notably, the adhesive maintained its adhesion strength even under harsh conditions, including high temperatures (100℃), liquid nitrogen (-196℃), and exposure to various solvents. Moreover, the adhesive showcased excellent reusability, retaining over 100 % and 86 % of bonding strength after the first and second rounds of hot pressing, respectively. This adhesive can be repaired using infrared laser irradiation and displayed remarkable mold resistance. This research underscores the potential of tannic acid in developing environmentally friendly, high-performance, recyclable adhesives with versatile applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 119997"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bacterial endophytes-mediated lignin degradation and co-culture fermentation of ryegrass for bioethanol production 细菌内生菌介导的黑麦草木质素降解和共培养发酵用于生物乙醇生产
IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119976
Kamran Malik , Zhenjiang Chen , Irfan Saif , Taixiang Chen , Chunjie Li
The recalcitrant nature of lignin hinders the lignocellulosic biomass conversion by inhibiting enzymes access to hemicellulose and cellulose. In the present study, the lignin degradation of ryegrass biomass was enhanced via pretreatment by three selected ligninolytic enzyme producing endophyte bacteria. Spectroscopic analyses clearly displayed disruption and decomposition of the biomass structure after the pretreatments. The optimum sugar utilization efficiency was reached at 93.46 % in Bacillus cereus pretreatment, with the highest bioethanol production of 0.51 g/g and 85.78 % bioethanol yield (P ≤ 0.05) after the co-culture anaerobic fermentation. The initial yeast population of 1.65 × 107 cells mL−1 was decreased to 1.56 × 107 cells mL−1 in co-culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae YPH499 and Pachysolen tannophilus 32691, presenting the significant consumption of yeast cells. The study revealed that bacterial pretreatment could be a viable strategy for delignification of biomass and co-culture fermentation might enhance bioethanol yield from pretreated ryegrass.
木质素的难降解特性会抑制酶进入半纤维素和纤维素,从而阻碍木质纤维素生物质的转化。在本研究中,黑麦草生物质的木质素降解通过三种精选的木质素分解酶内生菌的预处理得到了加强。光谱分析清楚地显示了预处理后生物质结构的破坏和分解。枯草芽孢杆菌预处理的最佳糖利用率为 93.46%,共培养厌氧发酵后的生物乙醇产量最高,为 0.51 g/g,生物乙醇产率为 85.78%(P ≤ 0.05)。在酿酒酵母 YPH499 和单胞菌 32691 的共培养过程中,初始酵母细胞数为 1.65 × 107 cells mL-1 ,下降到 1.56 × 107 cells mL-1,酵母细胞被大量消耗。研究表明,细菌预处理是生物质脱木质的可行策略,而共培养发酵可提高预处理黑麦草的生物乙醇产量。
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引用次数: 0
Ethyl biodiesel production from crude soybean oil using enzymatic degumming-transesterification associated process 利用酶法脱胶-反酯化联合工艺从粗豆油中生产乙基生物柴油
IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119930
Rafaela M. dos Passos , Ramon S.B. Ferreira , Marcelo A. Morgano , Patrícia T. de Souza , Antonio J.A. Meirelles , Eduardo A.C. Batista , Guilherme J. Maximo , Marcela C. Ferreira , Klicia A. Sampaio
Brazil is one of the largest soybean producers in the world. Biodiesel production in Brazil (specially soybean oil biodiesel) has been growing every year and demanding more effective and sustainable technologies, which is the case of enzymatic processes. Enzymatic degumming could be an alternative to provide better quality products, before biodiesel production but also, in a one reaction step as a proposal to reduce time and costs. Therefore, this work was aimed at evaluating enzymatic degumming (previously optimized) of crude soybean oil using a phospholipase cocktail associated with transesterification using lipase from Aspergillus oryzae for ethyl biodiesel production. For this, transesterification was optimized for ethanol:oil (E:O) ratio, water and lipase % through a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). Optimal conditions were used to evaluate two degumming-transesterification associated processes: i) a one-pot reaction (OPR) where degumming and transesterification were performed at the same reactor; and ii) a two-pot reaction (TPR) where oil was first degummed, followed by transesterification. The optimal transesterification condition were achieved for E:O = 4.48:1, water = 3.41 % and lipase = 2.43 %, where 97 % fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) were obtained. Both OPR and TPR provided biodiesels with FAEE > 94 %: TPR was the best with 97.5 % and 99.98 % before and after biodiesel purification. Mineral elements (including phosphorus) and other impurities (anions) were low, and within quality standards. Glycerol produced also presented very low content of impurities which is quite advantageous. Although lipase achieves good conversion to FAEE (95.7 ± 0.29 %) using crude oil (Control), the final biodiesel carries many impurities (P=80.07 ± 0.1 mg/kg), thus requiring subsequent biodiesel purification steps. In addition, the high impurity content generates a biodiesel that does not comply with ANP legislative standards, P<10 mg/kg. The use of enzymatic degumming in the biodiesel production process generates a biodiesel with low impurities and higher final quality, in addition to being a process that generates less effluent. Enzymatic degumming was essential for obtaining high quality biodiesel and its association with transesterification showed to be a great option for decreasing time and costs for biodiesel production.
巴西是世界上最大的大豆生产国之一。巴西的生物柴油生产(特别是大豆油生物柴油)逐年增长,需要更有效和可持续的技术,酶法工艺就是其中之一。在生物柴油生产之前,酶法脱胶可以作为提供更高质量产品的一种替代方法,同时也是减少时间和成本的一种建议。因此,这项工作的目的是评估使用磷脂酶鸡尾酒对粗豆油进行酶法脱胶(之前已进行过优化)以及使用黑曲霉的脂肪酶进行酯交换反应以生产乙基生物柴油的情况。为此,通过中央复合可旋转设计(CCRD)对乙醇:油(E:O)比例、水和脂肪酶百分比进行了酯交换优化。最佳条件用于评估两种脱胶-酯交换相关工艺:i) 单锅反应(OPR),即在同一反应器中进行脱胶和酯交换反应;ii) 双锅反应(TPR),即首先对油进行脱胶,然后进行酯交换反应。在 E:O = 4.48:1、水 = 3.41 % 和脂肪酶 = 2.43 % 的条件下,达到了最佳的酯交换条件,获得了 97 % 的脂肪酸乙酯 (FAEE)。OPR 和 TPR 都能提供脂肪酸乙酯含量为 94% 的生物柴油:在生物柴油提纯前后,TPR 的效果最好,分别为 97.5 % 和 99.98 %。矿物元素(包括磷)和其他杂质(阴离子)含量较低,符合质量标准。生产的甘油杂质含量也很低,这一点非常有利。虽然脂肪酶利用原油(对照组)实现了向 FAEE 的良好转化(95.7 ± 0.29 %),但最终生物柴油含有大量杂质(P=80.07 ± 0.1 mg/kg),因此需要后续的生物柴油提纯步骤。此外,高杂质含量产生的生物柴油不符合 ANP 立法标准(P<10 mg/kg)。在生物柴油生产过程中使用酶法脱胶,不仅能产生杂质含量低、最终质量高的生物柴油,还能减少污水排放。酶法脱胶是获得高质量生物柴油的关键,而酶法脱胶与酯交换反应的结合则是减少生物柴油生产时间和成本的最佳选择。
{"title":"Ethyl biodiesel production from crude soybean oil using enzymatic degumming-transesterification associated process","authors":"Rafaela M. dos Passos ,&nbsp;Ramon S.B. Ferreira ,&nbsp;Marcelo A. Morgano ,&nbsp;Patrícia T. de Souza ,&nbsp;Antonio J.A. Meirelles ,&nbsp;Eduardo A.C. Batista ,&nbsp;Guilherme J. Maximo ,&nbsp;Marcela C. Ferreira ,&nbsp;Klicia A. Sampaio","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brazil is one of the largest soybean producers in the world. Biodiesel production in Brazil (specially soybean oil biodiesel) has been growing every year and demanding more effective and sustainable technologies, which is the case of enzymatic processes. Enzymatic degumming could be an alternative to provide better quality products, before biodiesel production but also, in a one reaction step as a proposal to reduce time and costs. Therefore, this work was aimed at evaluating enzymatic degumming (previously optimized) of crude soybean oil using a phospholipase cocktail associated with transesterification using lipase from <em>Aspergillus oryzae</em> for ethyl biodiesel production. For this, transesterification was optimized for ethanol:oil (E:O) ratio, water and lipase % through a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). Optimal conditions were used to evaluate two degumming-transesterification associated processes: i) a one-pot reaction (OPR) where degumming and transesterification were performed at the same reactor; and ii) a two-pot reaction (TPR) where oil was first degummed, followed by transesterification. The optimal transesterification condition were achieved for E:O = 4.48:1, water = 3.41 % and lipase = 2.43 %, where 97 % fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) were obtained. Both OPR and TPR provided biodiesels with FAEE &gt; 94 %: TPR was the best with 97.5 % and 99.98 % before and after biodiesel purification. Mineral elements (including phosphorus) and other impurities (anions) were low, and within quality standards. Glycerol produced also presented very low content of impurities which is quite advantageous. Although lipase achieves good conversion to FAEE (95.7 ± 0.29 %) using crude oil (Control), the final biodiesel carries many impurities (P=80.07 ± 0.1 mg/kg), thus requiring subsequent biodiesel purification steps. In addition, the high impurity content generates a biodiesel that does not comply with ANP legislative standards, P&lt;10 mg/kg. The use of enzymatic degumming in the biodiesel production process generates a biodiesel with low impurities and higher final quality, in addition to being a process that generates less effluent. Enzymatic degumming was essential for obtaining high quality biodiesel and its association with transesterification showed to be a great option for decreasing time and costs for biodiesel production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 119930"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dark septate endophytes improved the performance of Isatis indigotica by enhancing the degradation of lignocellulosic residues 暗隔内生菌通过提高木质纤维素残留物的降解能力来改善 Isatis indigotica 的性能
IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119964
Wanyun Li , Xueli He , Wanyi Zhang , Menghui Wang , Minghui Xu , Min Li , Chao He , Xianen Li
To evaluate the lignocellulose degradation ability of dark septate endophytes (DSE) and the utilization efficiency of agricultural waste in medicinal plant cultivation, in this study, 44 DSE strains (isolated from various plots and plants) were inoculated on the medium with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, xylan, and citrus pectin as the single carbon source or with additional guaiacol, and found that both DSE strains can selectively degrade different lignocellulose component (mainly cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin), while the specificity of fungal genus was the main factor affecting the lignocellulosic degradation ability. Further, corn straw and licorice residue, were used as lignocellulosic residues (LR) in solid state fermentation to demonstrate the cellulase production ability of DSE. Among them, the activities of filter paper cellulase, carboxymethyl cellulase, and β-glucosidase of Paraphoma chlamydocopiosa were the highest at 0.721–2.055, 1.435–3.102, and 1.245–2.976 U/g, respectively, and followed by Paraboeremia selaginellae at 0.347–1.644, 1.386–2.864, and 1.068–2.878 U/g, respectively. In addition, P. chlamydocopiosa and P. selaginellae exhibited the Isatis indigotica growth promotion which could increase the shoot, root, and total biomass by 56.3 %, 93 %, and 58.4 % and 58.4 %, 139.8 %, 64.9 % respectively. Further the two-factor pot experiment investigated the synergetic effects of the two DSE strains plus LR on I. indigotica. Two strains improved the LR utilization efficiency by mobilizing soil C-hydrolytic enzyme activities. These results highlight potential DSE applications in medicinal plant cultivation under LR return.
为评价暗隔内生菌(DSE)降解木质纤维素的能力及农业废弃物在药用植物栽培中的利用效率,本研究将44株DSE菌株(从不同地块和植物中分离)接种到以羧甲基纤维素钠、木聚糖和柑橘果胶为单一碳源或添加愈创木酚的培养基上,发现两种DSE菌株均能选择性降解不同木质纤维素组分(主要是纤维素、半纤维素)、结果发现,两种 DSE 菌株都能选择性降解不同的木质纤维素成分(主要是纤维素、半纤维素和果胶),而真菌属的特异性是影响木质纤维素降解能力的主要因素。此外,以玉米秸秆和甘草渣作为木质纤维素残渣(LR)进行固态发酵,以证明 DSE 生产纤维素酶的能力。其中,Paraphoma chlamydocopiosa的滤纸纤维素酶、羧甲基纤维素酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性最高,分别为0.721-2.055、1.435-3.102和1.245-2.976 U/g,其次是Paraboeremia selaginellae,分别为0.347-1.644、1.386-2.864和1.068-2.878 U/g。此外,P. chlamydocopiosa 和 P. selaginellae 还具有促进 Isatis indigotica 生长的作用,可使其芽、根和总生物量分别增加 56.3 %、93 % 和 58.4 %,以及 58.4 %、139.8 % 和 64.9 %。此外,双因素盆栽实验还研究了两种 DSE 菌株和 LR 对 I. indigotica 的协同效应。两个菌株通过调动土壤中 C-水解酶的活性提高了 LR 的利用效率。这些结果凸显了 DSE 在 LR 返回条件下药用植物栽培中的潜在应用。
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引用次数: 0
Polybutylene adipate terephthalic acid (PBAT) biodegradable mulching films effectively affect the nutrition metabolism and growth of chewing cane compared to polyethylene mulching films 与聚乙烯地膜相比,聚己二酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)生物降解地膜可有效影响甘蔗的营养代谢和生长
IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119958
Feiyan Wang , Ke Wang , Xiaoyan Sun , Bibo Long , Liu Zhong , Fayong Li , Mingzhou Chen , Dong Xie
Plastic mulching films are vital materials in agriculture, contributing to the improvement of crop yield and quality but also causing environmental pollution. Using biodegradable mulching films (BM) can help mitigate this pollution. However, there is a lack of understanding regarding the impact of biodegradable mulching films on chewing cane growth compared to traditional polyethylene mulching films (PM). This study aims to compare the effects of biodegradable and non-biodegradable mulching films on chewing cane yield, soil enzymatic activities, root enzymatic activities, microbial abundance, and community diversity in rhizosphere soil. These experimental results showed that the tensile properties of BM gradually degraded over time. Both BM and PM significantly impacted the soil temperature, bulk density, and total porosity. The BM significantly affected the utilization of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and organic matter by regulating the activities of urease, catalase, sucrose reductase, glutamine synthetase, and the gene expression of NIR2, GOGAT1, GOGAT2, GS1b, GS1c, NAR2, NRT2.1. Ascomycota (59 %86 %) was the dominant fungal phyla, and 383 fungal genera were detected in all samples, of which the main fungal genus was Chaetomium (4.95 %34.25 %). BM significantly increased the abundance of Rozellomycota and Geotrichum. BM increased the yield by 13.46 %, doubled the root weight, and improved the plant weight by 26.25 %. Our finding suggests that BM has a favorable regulation function in the utilization of nutrition and enriches some key factors that promote the growth of chewing cane. It advances understanding of the regulation mechanisms of biodegradable mulching films on the crops.
塑料地膜是农业的重要材料,有助于提高作物产量和质量,但也会造成环境污染。使用可生物降解地膜(BM)有助于减轻这种污染。然而,与传统的聚乙烯地膜(PM)相比,人们对生物降解地膜对甘蔗生长的影响还缺乏了解。本研究旨在比较可生物降解地膜和不可生物降解地膜对根瘤土壤中甘蔗产量、土壤酶活性、根酶活性、微生物丰度和群落多样性的影响。实验结果表明,随着时间的推移,BM 的拉伸性能逐渐退化。BM 和 PM 对土壤温度、容重和总孔隙度都有明显影响。BM 通过调节脲酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶的活性以及 NIR2、GOGAT1、GOGAT2、GS1b、GS1c、NAR2、NRT2.1 的基因表达,明显影响了硝态氮、铵态氮和有机质的利用。子囊菌(59 %86 %)是主要的真菌门,在所有样本中检测到 383 个真菌属,其中主要的真菌属是链格孢属(4.95 %34.25 %)。BM 能明显增加子囊菌属和革囊菌属的数量。BM 使产量增加了 13.46%,根重增加了一倍,植株重量增加了 26.25%。我们的研究结果表明,BM 对甘蔗的营养利用具有良好的调节作用,并能丰富一些促进甘蔗生长的关键因子。该研究加深了人们对生物降解地膜对作物的调节机制的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Antimicrobial and degradable all-cellulose composite for functional and sustainable food packaging 用于功能性和可持续食品包装的抗菌可降解全纤维素复合材料
IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119966
Jiazhi Han , Mingjie Chen , Huiming Liu , Dandan Zhang , Qing-shan Shi , Xiaobao Xie , Yanzhu Guo
The investigation of environmentally friendly and sustainable replacement materials is consistently prompted by the mounting environmental concern over plastics derived from petrochemicals. Compared with fossil oil derived chemicals and materials, cellulose is more readily available, less expensive, and biodegradable. Herein, all-cellulose composite films with excellent biodegradability and antimicrobial activities were prepared for sustainable food package. The all-cellulose films were prepared by a simple solution cast method of amino cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose mixture. Rheological studies suggest typical non-Newtonian and shear thinning behavior of the all-cellulose solution associated with strong intermolecular electrostatic interactions. Such composite results in package films with amorphous structure, and uniform, dense and smooth morphology. Properties explorations indicated that the all-cellulose composites films exhibited better mechanical properties, water vapor and oxygen barrier properties than conventional synthetic plastic packages. Besides, the all-cellulose films showed excellent antimicrobial activity, and biodegradability. When applied as shrimp package, the all-cellulose composite films effectively extended shelf-life of shrimp by inhibition of microbial and oxidative deterioration of shrimp meat. This study provides a feasible approach to syntheze biodegradable and antimicrobial functional food package from cellulose in replacing of traditional synthetic plastic films.
随着人们对石化塑料的环境问题日益关注,环保型和可持续替代材料的研究也在不断深入。与从化石燃料中提炼的化学品和材料相比,纤维素更容易获得、成本更低且可生物降解。在此,我们制备了具有优异生物降解性和抗菌活性的全纤维素复合薄膜,用于可持续食品包装。全纤维素薄膜是通过氨基纤维素和羧甲基纤维素混合物的简单溶液浇注法制备的。流变学研究表明,全纤维素溶液具有典型的非牛顿和剪切稀化行为,与强烈的分子间静电作用有关。这种复合材料形成的包装膜具有无定形结构,形态均匀、致密、光滑。性能研究表明,与传统的合成塑料包装相比,全纤维素复合薄膜具有更好的机械性能、水蒸气和氧气阻隔性能。此外,全纤维素薄膜还具有出色的抗菌活性和生物降解性。将全纤维素复合薄膜用作虾的包装时,可抑制虾肉的微生物和氧化变质,从而有效延长虾的货架期。这项研究为利用纤维素合成可生物降解和抗菌的功能性食品包装提供了一种可行的方法,可替代传统的合成塑料薄膜。
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引用次数: 0
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Industrial Crops and Products
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