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Thin film capacitor for void fraction measurement in a two-phase system 两相系统中空隙率测量用薄膜电容器
Pub Date : 2013-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/ICANMEET.2013.6609362
B. Pranav, B. Kumar, T. Vetrichelvan, P. D. Raj, M. Venkatesan, M. Sridharan
This paper describes a two phase flow sensor using copper (Cu) thin film electrodes. A two phase flow constitutes a simultaneous flow of two different phases. To identify these phases in an air-water flow in a small diameter tube, Cu films were coated on to glass substrate at various substrate temperatures using dc magnetron sputtering technique. The films were characterized for their structural, morphological and electrical properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and resistance/capacitance measurement by LCR-Z meter. The grain size of the films increased with increase in the substrate temperature, which in turn reduced the defects. Due to this the resistance of the films decreased. The fabricated capacitor using the Cu film, exhibited different capacitance values with respect to the flow of fluid in the capillary tube.
本文介绍了一种采用铜薄膜电极的两相流传感器。两相流是由两种不同相组成的同时流。为了确定小直径管内空气-水流动中的这些相,采用直流磁控溅射技术在不同衬底温度下将Cu膜涂覆在玻璃衬底上。采用x射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)和LCR-Z仪对薄膜的结构、形态和电学性能进行了表征。随着衬底温度的升高,薄膜的晶粒尺寸增大,从而减少了缺陷。因此,薄膜的阻力减小了。利用Cu薄膜制备的电容器在毛细管中随流体的流动表现出不同的电容值。
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引用次数: 5
Graphene nanoribbon based static random access memory for better noise margin and power reduction 基于石墨烯纳米带的静态随机存取存储器,具有更好的噪声裕度和降低功耗
Pub Date : 2013-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/ICANMEET.2013.6609342
Abhishek Gune, Anu Gupta
In the post silicon era as the silicon reaches its fundamental scaling limits graphene nanoribbons is expected to take over and thus continue the Moore's law about the diminishing size of transistors. Graphene nanoribbons facilitates high speed low power switching applications. Low and high field mobilities of the graphene nanoribbons are found to be higher than the CNTs and CMOS keeping the same unit cell. Such properties of graphene nanoribbons are used in the paper to define RAM memory using GNRs as an effective substitute to CMOS and CNTFETs cache memory. Graphene nanoribbon crossbars are used as the basic programmable devices. This 2-D arrangement of GNRs creates programmable diodes at intersection of each horizontal and vertical GNR rod thus opening up new avenues for building high speed memory and digital devices. The graphene nanoribbons based memory is better than the SRAM in terms of speed, density and performance metrics as well. The noise margin of GNR based memory will be .2 volts higher with respect to lower and upper limits than CMOS counterpart used presently as demonstrated by simulations in the paper. GNR based memory would be operating in the 10 nanometres scale and would be 25-50 per cent denser than the existing SRAM.
在后硅时代,当硅达到其基本的尺度极限时,石墨烯纳米带有望取而代之,从而延续摩尔定律关于晶体管尺寸缩小的定律。石墨烯纳米带有助于高速低功耗开关应用。石墨烯纳米带的低场迁移率和高场迁移率均高于碳纳米管和CMOS。本文利用石墨烯纳米带的这些特性来定义使用gnr作为CMOS和cntfet缓存存储器的有效替代品的RAM存储器。石墨烯纳米带横杆是基本的可编程器件。这种GNR的二维排列在每个水平和垂直GNR杆的交叉处创建可编程二极管,从而为构建高速存储器和数字设备开辟了新的途径。基于石墨烯纳米带的存储器在速度、密度和性能指标方面都优于SRAM。基于GNR的存储器的噪声裕度相对于下限和上限将比目前使用的CMOS对应物高0.2伏,如本文中的模拟所示。基于GNR的存储器将在10纳米尺度上运行,并且比现有的SRAM密度高25- 50%。
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引用次数: 3
Degradation of methyl orange using bismuth oxide 氧化铋降解甲基橙
Pub Date : 2013-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/ICANMEET.2013.6609252
S. Iyyapushpam, S. Nishanthi, D. Padiyan
Bismuth oxide is prepared by a simple chemical route and it crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system. The measured optical band gap value of 2.694(1) eV supported that the prepared bismuth oxide can be used as a visible light photocatalyst. The degradation property of bismuth oxide is studied using methyl orange as a model pollutant and a degradation of 85% is achieved in 4 h. The kinetics of bismuth oxide is fitted using pseudo first and second order equations.
氧化铋是用简单的化学方法制备的,它在单斜晶系中结晶。测得的光学带隙值为2.694(1)eV,表明所制备的氧化铋可以作为可见光光催化剂。以甲基橙为模型污染物,研究了氧化铋的降解性能,在4 h内降解率达到85%。氧化铋的动力学用拟一、二阶方程拟合。
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引用次数: 0
Entropy coding of H.264/AVC using Exp-Golomb coding and CAVLC coding H.264/AVC的熵编码采用Exp-Golomb编码和CAVLC编码
Pub Date : 2013-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/ICANMEET.2013.6609386
Savita Nargundmath, Archana Nandibewoor
As the costs for both processing power and memory have reduced, network support for coded video data has diversified, and advances in video coding technology have progressed, the need has arisen for an industry standard for compressed video representation with substantially increased coding efficiency and enhanced robustness to network environments. The H.264/AVC standard aims to enable significantly improved compression performance compared to all existing video coding standards. In this project we employ two schemes of coding transform coefficients namely exponential Golomb coding & context adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC).And the major part of the contribution is the decoding strategy applied for decoding which results in performance enhancement saving the memory and decoding time which are the most important factors for bandwidth utilization. The transform coefficients are obtained using a simple zigzag scan technique. The consensus among the major players of the communications and video industry on H.264 might provide the major thrust for this new standard.
随着处理能力和内存成本的降低,对编码视频数据的网络支持多样化,以及视频编码技术的进步,对压缩视频表示的行业标准的需求已经出现,该标准要大大提高编码效率,增强对网络环境的鲁棒性。与所有现有的视频编码标准相比,H.264/AVC标准旨在显著提高压缩性能。在这个项目中,我们采用了两种编码变换系数的方案,即指数Golomb编码和上下文自适应变长编码(CAVLC)。其中最主要的贡献是译码时采用的译码策略,从而提高了性能,节省了影响带宽利用率的最重要因素——内存和译码时间。变换系数是用简单的之字形扫描技术得到的。通信和视频行业的主要参与者对H.264的共识可能会为这个新标准提供主要推动力。
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引用次数: 8
Numerical simulation of dry and wet oxidation of Silicon by TCAD Sprocess 硅干、湿氧化TCAD过程的数值模拟
Pub Date : 2013-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/ICANMEET.2013.6609351
A. Anusha, Chithra Parameswaran, P. Revathi, V. Velmurugan
The oxide thickness is of great concern today. The basic idea is to grow SiO2 layer on Silicon. The oxide is grown on intrinsic silicon substrate by thermal oxidation i.e., wet oxidation and dry oxidation. The thickness is compared for both the oxidation processes after different oxidation cycles. The capacitance per unit length is also calculated for the oxide growth in above. The percentage oxide thickness is also estimated and the oxide is found to grow more into the substrate with time and number of cycles.
氧化物的厚度是当今人们非常关注的问题。基本原理是在硅上生长SiO2层。氧化物是通过热氧化,即湿氧化和干氧化在本质硅衬底上生长的。对两种氧化工艺经过不同氧化循环后的厚度进行了比较。单位长度的电容也计算了上面的氧化物生长。我们还估计了氧化物厚度的百分比,发现随着循环时间和次数的增加,氧化物在衬底中生长得更多。
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引用次数: 2
Role of water content in anodization of titanium to fabricate TiO2 nanotubes and its properties 水含量在钛阳极氧化制备TiO2纳米管中的作用及其性能
Pub Date : 2013-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/ICANMEET.2013.6609302
S. Nishanthi, S. Iyyapushpam, Pathinettam Padiyan
The effect of water content in anodization of Ti foil on photoelectrochemical activity of TiO2 nanotubes fabricated were studied and optimized. The mixed phase of TiO2 was confirmed from X-ray diffraction and their morphological changes with respect to increase in water content were analyzed using High Resolution Scanning Electron Microscope. The optical band gap of TiO2 can be effectively tuned from 3.023(2) to 2.601(7) eV by varying the water content in anodization. The maximum photocurrent density of 2.5 mA/cm2 was observed for the TiO2 sample with higher crystallinity. These results suggest that the higher crystallinity with ordered nanotubes and lesser band gap act as a key role in improving the photoelectrochemical activity of TiO2.
研究并优化了钛箔阳极氧化过程中含水量对制备的TiO2纳米管光电化学活性的影响。通过x射线衍射确定了TiO2的混合相,并用高分辨率扫描电镜分析了TiO2随含水量增加而发生的形态变化。通过改变阳极氧化过程中的水含量,TiO2的光学带隙可以有效地从3.023(2)eV调节到2.601(7)eV。结晶度较高的TiO2样品最大光电流密度为2.5 mA/cm2。这些结果表明,具有有序纳米管的高结晶度和小带隙是提高TiO2光电化学活性的关键因素。
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引用次数: 1
Studies on surface characteristics and chemical resistance of zirconia nano coating developed on glazed ceramic wall tiles 釉面瓷砖纳米氧化锆涂层的表面特性及耐化学性研究
Pub Date : 2013-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/ICANMEET.2013.6609312
A. Anil, Ronak B. Shah, S. N. Misra
In this study, sol-gel based ZrO2 nano coating was made on the surface of glazed ceramic tile by spin coating. Further, various surface characteristics were studied after curing at 550°C, 650°C and 700°C, 750°C and 800°C. FTIR, DTA/TG of the gel powder and XRD of calcined gel powder were carried out. The surface of the coating has been characterised using optical microscope and SEM. Properties of coated glazed surfaces such as gloss, colour difference, wetting characteristics and stain resistance were evaluated. Chemical resistance studies (both acid and alkali) of ceramic tiles were also carried out. Experimental results showed that gloss and contact angle of water on the surface of the coated samples significantly increased compared to uncoated substrate. Coated substrates cured at all temperatures exhibited good acid resistance. It has also observed that curing temperature has a strong influence on alkali resistance and coated substrate cured at 650°C and 700°C showed superior alkali resistance than uncoated substrate. In this paper, an effort has been made to explore and validate the potential application of ZrO2 nano coating on the glazed ceramic wall tiles w.r.t improved gloss, hydrophobic properties and chemical resistance.
本研究采用自旋涂层法在釉面瓷砖表面制备了溶胶-凝胶基ZrO2纳米涂层。在550°C、650°C、700°C、750°C和800°C的固化条件下,研究了各种表面特性。对凝胶粉进行了FTIR、DTA/TG和XRD分析。利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对涂层表面进行了表征。对涂层釉面的光泽度、色差、润湿特性和耐污性等性能进行了评价。还进行了瓷砖的耐化学性(酸和碱)研究。实验结果表明,与未涂覆的基材相比,涂覆后的基材表面水的光泽度和接触角明显增加。涂层基材在所有温度下均表现出良好的耐酸性能。还观察到固化温度对耐碱性能有很大影响,在650℃和700℃固化的涂层基材的耐碱性能优于未涂层基材。本文旨在探索和验证ZrO2纳米涂层在釉面瓷砖上的潜在应用,以提高釉面瓷砖的光泽度、疏水性和耐化学性。
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引用次数: 3
Prediction on tensile properties of cow dung powder filled glass- polyester hybrid composites 牛粪粉填充玻璃-聚酯混杂复合材料拉伸性能预测
Pub Date : 2013-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/ICANMEET.2013.6609394
T. D. K. Reddy, T. Rao, R. P. Suvarna, M. Kumar
In this paper the tensile strength and modulus of cow dung powder filled glass- polyester hybrid composites were studied. Two different hybrid composites such as treated and untreated cow dung fibers were fabricated and effect of alkali treatment of the cow dung fibers on these properties were studied. It was observed that, tensile strength and modulus of the hybrid composites increases with increase of cow dung percentage of weight. These properties found to be higher when alkali treated cow dung fibers were used in the hybrid composites. The eradication of amorphous hemi-cellulose with alkali treatment leading to higher crystalline of the cow dung fibers with alkali treatment might responsible for these observations. The effect of alkali treatment on the bonding between glass / cow dung composites was also studied. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was also conducted on the cross sections of fractured surfaces.
研究了牛粪粉填充玻璃-聚酯混杂复合材料的拉伸强度和模量。制备了处理过的牛粪纤维和未处理过的牛粪纤维两种不同的杂化复合材料,研究了碱处理对牛粪纤维性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料的拉伸强度和模量随牛粪重量百分比的增加而增加。经碱处理的牛粪纤维在复合材料中具有较高的性能。碱处理能消除无定形半纤维素,使牛粪纤维的结晶度提高,这可能是造成上述现象的原因。研究了碱处理对玻璃/牛粪复合材料粘结性能的影响。对断口断面进行了扫描电镜(SEM)观察。
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引用次数: 2
Effect of microwave sintering on structural and magnetic properties of SrFe12O19 nanopowders 微波烧结对SrFe12O19纳米粉体结构和磁性能的影响
Pub Date : 2013-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/ICANMEET.2013.6609368
S. Katlakunta, S. Meena, R. S. Shinde, S. Murthy
Nanocrystalline SrFe12O19 has been prepared by microwave hydrothermal method at 473 K/90 min, subsequently annealed at different temperatures using microwaves (2.45GHz). The average particle size of the powders was found to be 48 nm. The plate shape grains were observed in FE-SEM at 1073 K. The crystals exhibited the typical hexagonal ferrite growth habit with a plate-like geometry. The effects of microwave sintering temperature on crystallinity, morphology and magnetic properties have been investigated. The grain sizes of sintered hexaferrites are in the range of 250 to 890 nm. The value of Ms = 58 kA/m and Hc = 125 kA/m was obtained at 1173 K/1h.
采用微波水热法制备了SrFe12O19纳米晶,加热温度为473 K/90 min,然后采用微波(2.45GHz)在不同温度下进行退火。粉末的平均粒径为48 nm。在1073 K的FE-SEM中观察到板状晶粒。晶体表现出典型的六方铁氧体生长习性,具有板状几何结构。研究了微波烧结温度对材料结晶度、形貌和磁性能的影响。烧结后的六铁素体晶粒尺寸在250 ~ 890nm之间。在1173 K/1h下得到Ms = 58 kA/m, Hc = 125 kA/m。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Mo doping on the electrical properties of VO2 phase Mo掺杂对VO2相电性能的影响
Pub Date : 2013-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/ICANMEET.2013.6609335
R. Bharathi, A. Umarji
Solution combustion synthesis technique was adopted to synthesize V2O5, and Mo doped phases, The assynthesized V2O5, has been reduced by a novel reduction technique to form VO2 typephase. The monophasic nature of the samples as revealed by XRD data and systematic shift in peak position indicated solid solubility up to 2 at % of Mo in VO2 lattice. The crystallite size was found to ~ 40 nm. Particle size measurement carried out using Transmission electron microscope (TEM)agreed with XRD experiments. Scanning electron microscope revealed the morphology of the particles to be plate like and bimodal. Variation in the metal-insulator transition temperature as a function of doping was investigated by 4-probe electrical resistivity measurement on sintered ceramics.
采用溶液燃烧合成技术合成V2O5,并通过一种新的还原技术将掺杂Mo相的V2O5还原成VO2型相。XRD数据显示,样品的单相性质和峰位的系统位移表明,在VO2晶格中,Mo含量为%时的固溶度高达2。晶粒尺寸约为~ 40 nm。透射电子显微镜(TEM)和x射线衍射(XRD)实验结果一致。扫描电镜显示颗粒形貌呈板状、双峰状。通过对烧结陶瓷的四探针电阻率测量,研究了金属-绝缘子转变温度随掺杂的变化规律。
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引用次数: 2
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International Conference on Advanced Nanomaterials & Emerging Engineering Technologies
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