A. B. Chavan, Sachin Rangrao Patil, A. Patel, Shweta Vijay Chaugule, Sayali Krishnat Gharal
The global impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is significant. The current prevalence of Major Neurocognitive Disorder is estimated to affect approximately 44 million individuals. Presently, the United States harbors a population of approximately 6.2 million individuals who are afflicted by Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. It is of significance to highlight that mortality associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) exceeds the combined mortality rates of both breast cancer and prostate cancer. Based on the findings of the National Institute on Aging, the frequency of Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibits a twofold rise every five years subsequent to attaining the age of 65. Furthermore, with the ongoing process of population aging, an increasingly substantial portion of the population is affected by this particular condition. Based on forecasts, it is anticipated that the United States will experience a financial impact of $355 billion in 2021 as a result of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, same projections indicate that this amount is expected to increase significantly to over $1.5 trillion by the year 2050. As a result, this would place a significant financial strain on the country. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that is distinguished by the existence of extracellular amyloid β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting of hyperphosphorylated τ-protein. The aforementioned abnormal characteristics primarily present themselves inside the cortical and limbic regions of the human brain. The aforementioned ailment is characterized by the presence of memory impairment and a progressive deterioration of neurocognitive abilities. The atypical division of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-secretases and γ-secretases leads to the production of Aβ40 and Aβ42 individual molecules, which then undergo the process of oligomerization and aggregation, finally culminating in the formation of senile plaques. The aforementioned disease is additionally aggravated by pathogenic microorganisms, including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Moreover, within the framework of disease pathophysiology, the presence of heightened amounts of Aβ peptides within the central nervous system induces the infiltration of microglial cells. Presently, there exists a notable focus within the realm of scientific inquiry on gaining a comprehensive understanding of the pathological nature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by means of exploring diverse pathways. These mechanisms include the abnormal metabolism of tau proteins, the presence of β-amyloid, the inflammatory response, as well as the damage caused by cholinergic dysfunction and free radicals. The ultimate objective of this research is to develop efficacious treatments that can effectively halt or alter the progression of AD. The present study provides an analysis of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease, as well as an examination of the diagnostic
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on Alzheimer’s Disease its Pathogenesis, Epidermiology, Diagnostics and Treatment","authors":"A. B. Chavan, Sachin Rangrao Patil, A. Patel, Shweta Vijay Chaugule, Sayali Krishnat Gharal","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.4.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.4.8","url":null,"abstract":"The global impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is significant. The current prevalence of Major Neurocognitive Disorder is estimated to affect approximately 44 million individuals. Presently, the United States harbors a population of approximately 6.2 million individuals who are afflicted by Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. It is of significance to highlight that mortality associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) exceeds the combined mortality rates of both breast cancer and prostate cancer. Based on the findings of the National Institute on Aging, the frequency of Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibits a twofold rise every five years subsequent to attaining the age of 65. Furthermore, with the ongoing process of population aging, an increasingly substantial portion of the population is affected by this particular condition. Based on forecasts, it is anticipated that the United States will experience a financial impact of $355 billion in 2021 as a result of Alzheimer's disease (AD). \u0000Furthermore, same projections indicate that this amount is expected to increase significantly to over $1.5 trillion by the year 2050. As a result, this would place a significant financial strain on the country. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that is distinguished by the existence of extracellular amyloid β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting of hyperphosphorylated τ-protein. The aforementioned abnormal characteristics primarily present themselves inside the cortical and limbic regions of the human brain. The aforementioned ailment is characterized by the presence of memory impairment and a progressive deterioration of neurocognitive abilities. The atypical division of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-secretases and γ-secretases leads to the production of Aβ40 and Aβ42 individual molecules, which then undergo the process of oligomerization and aggregation, finally culminating in the formation of senile plaques. The aforementioned disease is additionally aggravated by pathogenic microorganisms, including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). \u0000Moreover, within the framework of disease pathophysiology, the presence of heightened amounts of Aβ peptides within the central nervous system induces the infiltration of microglial cells. Presently, there exists a notable focus within the realm of scientific inquiry on gaining a comprehensive understanding of the pathological nature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by means of exploring diverse pathways. \u0000These mechanisms include the abnormal metabolism of tau proteins, the presence of β-amyloid, the inflammatory response, as well as the damage caused by cholinergic dysfunction and free radicals. The ultimate objective of this research is to develop efficacious treatments that can effectively halt or alter the progression of AD. The present study provides an analysis of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease, as well as an examination of the diagnostic","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78565995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sachin Rangrao Patil, A. B. Chavan, A. Patel, Pranjal Dhondiba Chavan, Jyoti Vilas Bhopale
The spread of obesity and unhealthy lifestyles has contributed to a significant and increasing disease burden associated with diabetes in all countries worldwide. According to recent estimates, the worldwide prevalence of diabetes in 2013 was recorded at 382 million individuals, with projections indicating a significant increase to 592 million by the year 2035. The categorization of diabetes based on its aetiology has gained widespread acceptance in the scientific community. There are two primary classifications of diabetes, namely type 1 and type 2. Type 2 diabetes is the predominant kind, constituting a majority proportion (>85%) of the overall prevalence of diabetes. Both types of diabetes have the potential to result in a range of problems affecting several bodily systems. These complications can manifest as microvascular endpoints such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, as well as macrovascular endpoints including ischemic heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Diabetes is a significant public health concern because to its association with premature morbidity, death, diminished life expectancy, and substantial financial and societal burdens. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic illness characterised by heterogeneity and a complex pathophysiology. The condition is distinguished by increased amounts of glucose in the bloodstream, known as hyperglycemia, which arises from irregularities in either the production of insulin or the effectiveness of insulin, or both. Traditionally, diabetes has been classified into three distinct types: Type 1 DM, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), characterised by the body's inability to make insulin, necessitating the administration of insulin by injections or the use of an insulin pump. This condition is commonly referred to as "juvenile diabetes" in medical literature. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), arises due to the presence of insulin resistance. This condition occurs when cells are unable to effectively utilise insulin, either with or without a complete absence of insulin. This particular classification was once denoted as "adult-onset diabetes". The third primary category is gestational diabetes, which manifests when women who do not have a prior medical history of diabetes experience elevated levels of blood glucose throughout their pregnancy. It is plausible that it may occur prior to the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This article explores the various forms, pathophysiology, epidemiology, and global burden associated with the topic under discussion.
{"title":"A Review on Diabetes Mellitus its Types, Pathophysiology, Epidermiology and its Global Burden","authors":"Sachin Rangrao Patil, A. B. Chavan, A. Patel, Pranjal Dhondiba Chavan, Jyoti Vilas Bhopale","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.4.9","url":null,"abstract":"The spread of obesity and unhealthy lifestyles has contributed to a significant and increasing disease burden associated with diabetes in all countries worldwide. According to recent estimates, the worldwide prevalence of diabetes in 2013 was recorded at 382 million individuals, with projections indicating a significant increase to 592 million by the year 2035. The categorization of diabetes based on its aetiology has gained widespread acceptance in the scientific community. There are two primary classifications of diabetes, namely type 1 and type 2. Type 2 diabetes is the predominant kind, constituting a majority proportion (>85%) of the overall prevalence of diabetes. Both types of diabetes have the potential to result in a range of problems affecting several bodily systems. These complications can manifest as microvascular endpoints such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, as well as macrovascular endpoints including ischemic heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Diabetes is a significant public health concern because to its association with premature morbidity, death, diminished life expectancy, and substantial financial and societal burdens. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic illness characterised by heterogeneity and a complex pathophysiology. The condition is distinguished by increased amounts of glucose in the bloodstream, known as hyperglycemia, which arises from irregularities in either the production of insulin or the effectiveness of insulin, or both. Traditionally, diabetes has been classified into three distinct types: Type 1 DM, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), characterised by the body's inability to make insulin, necessitating the administration of insulin by injections or the use of an insulin pump. This condition is commonly referred to as \"juvenile diabetes\" in medical literature. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), arises due to the presence of insulin resistance. This condition occurs when cells are unable to effectively utilise insulin, either with or without a complete absence of insulin. This particular classification was once denoted as \"adult-onset diabetes\". The third primary category is gestational diabetes, which manifests when women who do not have a prior medical history of diabetes experience elevated levels of blood glucose throughout their pregnancy. It is plausible that it may occur prior to the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This article explores the various forms, pathophysiology, epidemiology, and global burden associated with the topic under discussion.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"2012 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86397742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roshan Kumar, Prachi Sood, Rahaman Shaik, Harjeet Singh, A. Verma
Cancer immunotherapy has considerably raised patient survival rates and significantly improved patients' quality of life in comparison to the gold standard of care, which includes chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. Immunotherapy has firmly established itself as a novel pillar of cancer care across the board, from the metastatic stage all the way through adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment in a wide variety of cancer types. In this overview, the primary emphasis will be placed on the seminal moments in the history of cancer immunotherapy that prepared the way for the cutting-edge treatments that are available today. Cancer treatment that makes use of medicinal herbs and the phytocompounds that can be obtained from those herbs is becoming an increasingly attractive option. It has been demonstrated in a number of clinical studies that the use of herbal medicines in conjunction with conventional therapy can increase survival rates, immunological modulation, and quality of life (QOL) in patients who have cancer. In addition to this, we highlight the challenges and restrictions currently faced by cancer checkpoint immunotherapy as well as the cutting-edge research being conducted in the fields of individualized cancer vaccines, autoimmunity, the microbiome, the microenvironment of tumors, and metabolomics to find solutions to these problems. For hundreds of years, practitioners of traditional medicine have depended on treatments derived from plants. Many studies on their use have been carried out all over the world, and some of the findings have led to the development of medicines that are derived from plants. The global market for medicinal plant products is estimated to be worth more than one hundred billion dollars each year. This research investigates the role, contributions, and utility of medicinal plants in the context of the current strategic methods to disease prevention, notably lung cancer, which is a public health concern. The focus of this research is on the current strategic approaches to disease prevention.
{"title":"A Brief Description of Different Types of Cancers and Role of Some Herbs & Bioactive Compounds in Lung Cancer Management","authors":"Roshan Kumar, Prachi Sood, Rahaman Shaik, Harjeet Singh, A. Verma","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer immunotherapy has considerably raised patient survival rates and significantly improved patients' quality of life in comparison to the gold standard of care, which includes chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. Immunotherapy has firmly established itself as a novel pillar of cancer care across the board, from the metastatic stage all the way through adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment in a wide variety of cancer types. In this overview, the primary emphasis will be placed on the seminal moments in the history of cancer immunotherapy that prepared the way for the cutting-edge treatments that are available today. Cancer treatment that makes use of medicinal herbs and the phytocompounds that can be obtained from those herbs is becoming an increasingly attractive option. It has been demonstrated in a number of clinical studies that the use of herbal medicines in conjunction with conventional therapy can increase survival rates, immunological modulation, and quality of life (QOL) in patients who have cancer. In addition to this, we highlight the challenges and restrictions currently faced by cancer checkpoint immunotherapy as well as the cutting-edge research being conducted in the fields of individualized cancer vaccines, autoimmunity, the microbiome, the microenvironment of tumors, and metabolomics to find solutions to these problems. For hundreds of years, practitioners of traditional medicine have depended on treatments derived from plants. Many studies on their use have been carried out all over the world, and some of the findings have led to the development of medicines that are derived from plants. The global market for medicinal plant products is estimated to be worth more than one hundred billion dollars each year. This research investigates the role, contributions, and utility of medicinal plants in the context of the current strategic methods to disease prevention, notably lung cancer, which is a public health concern. The focus of this research is on the current strategic approaches to disease prevention.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80545238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Devinder Kumar, Arshpreet Kaur, Sudhir Kumar, S. Kaur, Harsimran Singh
Achyranthes aspera, a species of the Amaranthaceae family, holds significant therapeutic value and is widely distributed as a weed over the Indian subcontinent. The utilization of seeds, roots, and shoots in traditional medical systems is widespread, as these particular plant components are considered to be of utmost significance. This article provides an overview of the current knowledge regarding the phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of the subject matter. The review demonstrates that a diverse range of phytochemical compounds have been extracted from the plant, exhibiting numerous therapeutic capabilities such as antiperiodic, diuretic, purgative, laxative, antiasthmatic, hepatoprotective, anti-allergic, and other significant medicinal effects. The pulverized botanical specimen is employed in the treatment of pneumonia, while the infusion derived from the root is utilized as a gentle astringent for addressing bowel-related ailments. The utilization of a concoction consisting of powdered leaves combined with honey or sugar candy has been found to be beneficial in the initial phases of both diarrhoea and dysentery. Over the past few decades, a significant amount of research has been conducted to substantiate the biological activities and pharmacological properties of its extracts. Various chemical ingredients, including as saponins, oleonolic acid, dihydroxy ketones, alkaloids, and long chain compounds, have been successfully identified.
{"title":"Ethanopharmacology Study of Achyranthes aspera","authors":"Devinder Kumar, Arshpreet Kaur, Sudhir Kumar, S. Kaur, Harsimran Singh","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"Achyranthes aspera, a species of the Amaranthaceae family, holds significant therapeutic value and is widely distributed as a weed over the Indian subcontinent. The utilization of seeds, roots, and shoots in traditional medical systems is widespread, as these particular plant components are considered to be of utmost significance. This article provides an overview of the current knowledge regarding the phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of the subject matter. The review demonstrates that a diverse range of phytochemical compounds have been extracted from the plant, exhibiting numerous therapeutic capabilities such as antiperiodic, diuretic, purgative, laxative, antiasthmatic, hepatoprotective, anti-allergic, and other significant medicinal effects. The pulverized botanical specimen is employed in the treatment of pneumonia, while the infusion derived from the root is utilized as a gentle astringent for addressing bowel-related ailments. The utilization of a concoction consisting of powdered leaves combined with honey or sugar candy has been found to be beneficial in the initial phases of both diarrhoea and dysentery. Over the past few decades, a significant amount of research has been conducted to substantiate the biological activities and pharmacological properties of its extracts. Various chemical ingredients, including as saponins, oleonolic acid, dihydroxy ketones, alkaloids, and long chain compounds, have been successfully identified.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86944460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Badam Gul Zadran, Fareed Ahmad Elham, Abdul Rahim Abdul Hamid
This study was carried out to study the causes of stress risk in the construction sector of Afghanistan. It has become a growing concern in many sectors, not to mention the construction sector. It is important to ensure that workers can perform at their best, considering the construction industry's highly competitive demands and competition. Stress risk has been identified as an important factor influencing an organization's success, as it negatively affects the organization's productivity, professionals' health and safety, efficiency, and costs. The issue of work-related stress risk in the construction sector of Afghanistan is not commonly discussed. The objectives of this study are to find the causes of work-related stress risk. Data was collected using a questionnaire survey in Afghanistan through email from construction industry professionals such as project managers, site supervisors, project engineers, quantity surveyors, and architects. The data was analyzed using frequency analysis, the average index. For the causes of work-related stress risk, the main issues were the lack of management and control over work and increasing the employee’s expectations using the standard of safety. Based on the analysis of likelihood and severity, Ninth factors were in the very high and two were neutral the high stress risk at construction site were lack management and it supports, increase in duties, lack tool and safety.
{"title":"Study the Causes of Work Related Stress Risk in Construction Sector in Afghanistan","authors":"Badam Gul Zadran, Fareed Ahmad Elham, Abdul Rahim Abdul Hamid","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.4.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.4.28","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to study the causes of stress risk in the construction sector of Afghanistan. It has become a growing concern in many sectors, not to mention the construction sector. It is important to ensure that workers can perform at their best, considering the construction industry's highly competitive demands and competition. Stress risk has been identified as an important factor influencing an organization's success, as it negatively affects the organization's productivity, professionals' health and safety, efficiency, and costs. The issue of work-related stress risk in the construction sector of Afghanistan is not commonly discussed. The objectives of this study are to find the causes of work-related stress risk. Data was collected using a questionnaire survey in Afghanistan through email from construction industry professionals such as project managers, site supervisors, project engineers, quantity surveyors, and architects. The data was analyzed using frequency analysis, the average index. For the causes of work-related stress risk, the main issues were the lack of management and control over work and increasing the employee’s expectations using the standard of safety. Based on the analysis of likelihood and severity, Ninth factors were in the very high and two were neutral the high stress risk at construction site were lack management and it supports, increase in duties, lack tool and safety.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135597991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this research, silver nanoparticles were synthesized from Butea monosperma for in vitro cytotoxicity efficacy against MCF-7 cells. Silver nanoparticles are deemed the most positive, considering their strong volume surface region, and are of concern for study because of the improved microbial tolerance to antibiotics and medicines. Therefore, green synthesis of nanoparticles of silver using biomolecules derived from various plant sources in the form of extracts can be applied for the screening of different diseases which trigger microorganisms and for the physical and biological characterization of plant-derived silver nanoparticles. The experiment involved the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Butea monosperma leaf extract. Biosynthesized Butea monosperma-AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The intensity of peak broad range 200-800nm in UV-vis spectra, EDS test. The SEM shows the actual size of the nanoparticles. The MTT assays were carried out for cytotoxicity of various concentrations of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles showed a significant anticancer activity against both MCF-7. Our study thus revealed an excellent application of greenly synthesized silver nanoparticles. At the Concentration 80µg/ml, Sample Code A, B, C, D samples showed good percent inhibition MCF7cell line as compared to standard drug.The study also suggested the potential therapeutic use of these nanoparticles in cancer study.
{"title":"Butea monosperma Silver Nanoparticles Anticancer Activity Against MCF 7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line","authors":"A. Patil, Raghavendra Hl, G. Janvale","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, silver nanoparticles were synthesized from Butea monosperma for in vitro cytotoxicity efficacy against MCF-7 cells. Silver nanoparticles are deemed the most positive, considering their strong volume surface region, and are of concern for study because of the improved microbial tolerance to antibiotics and medicines. Therefore, green synthesis of nanoparticles of silver using biomolecules derived from various plant sources in the form of extracts can be applied for the screening of different diseases which trigger microorganisms and for the physical and biological characterization of plant-derived silver nanoparticles. The experiment involved the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Butea monosperma leaf extract. Biosynthesized Butea monosperma-AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The intensity of peak broad range 200-800nm in UV-vis spectra, EDS test. The SEM shows the actual size of the nanoparticles. The MTT assays were carried out for cytotoxicity of various concentrations of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles showed a significant anticancer activity against both MCF-7. Our study thus revealed an excellent application of greenly synthesized silver nanoparticles. At the Concentration 80µg/ml, Sample Code A, B, C, D samples showed good percent inhibition MCF7cell line as compared to standard drug.The study also suggested the potential therapeutic use of these nanoparticles in cancer study.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83135364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Badam Gul Zadran, Fazlurahman Haqyar, Abdul Rahim Abdul Hamid
This research was carried out to study the sources of work related Stress risk at the construction sector of Afghanistan. Stress risk is major problem not only in Afghanistan but also all over the world. It is important to ensure that workers can perform best, considering the highly competitive demands and competition of the construction industry. The objectives of this research are to study the sources of work related stress risk at the construction sector of Afghanistan. The methodology of this study includes data collection, and data analysis. Data was collected using questionnaire survey in Afghanistan through email from the construction industry professional such as project manager, site supervisor, project engineer, quantity surveyor, and architect. The data was analyzed using frequency analysis, the average index. To visualize the result, tables, figures like bar, and pie charts were used to clarify the results. The research revealed that the physical environment, the job itself, and the organization is the key factor for the source stress risk at construction industry of Afghanistan. Based on the analysis of likelihood and severity from eighteen fifteen were main sources were in the very high and high stress risk category for the factors such as workload, work pattern, and work environment.
{"title":"Study the Sources of Work Related Stress Risk at Construction Sector of Afghanistan","authors":"Badam Gul Zadran, Fazlurahman Haqyar, Abdul Rahim Abdul Hamid","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.4.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.4.29","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out to study the sources of work related Stress risk at the construction sector of Afghanistan. Stress risk is major problem not only in Afghanistan but also all over the world. It is important to ensure that workers can perform best, considering the highly competitive demands and competition of the construction industry. The objectives of this research are to study the sources of work related stress risk at the construction sector of Afghanistan. The methodology of this study includes data collection, and data analysis. Data was collected using questionnaire survey in Afghanistan through email from the construction industry professional such as project manager, site supervisor, project engineer, quantity surveyor, and architect. The data was analyzed using frequency analysis, the average index. To visualize the result, tables, figures like bar, and pie charts were used to clarify the results. The research revealed that the physical environment, the job itself, and the organization is the key factor for the source stress risk at construction industry of Afghanistan. Based on the analysis of likelihood and severity from eighteen fifteen were main sources were in the very high and high stress risk category for the factors such as workload, work pattern, and work environment.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135597987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faridullah Lalzai, A. Jamali, Abdul Mutaleb Naziri, Gulwali Mohammadzai, Rashidullah Mashkoor, Mohammad Shakir Ebrahimi
This research paper examined the factors influenced farmers' immediate selling of potatoes after harvest and their storage practices, various factors and limitations affected their selling and storage capacity has been identified and the ground conditions as realistic discussed as well as the price spread and marketing efficiency in the three districts Siyagard, Ghorband, and Shinwari of Parwan province, Afghanistan. The study conducted revealed that farmers primarily sold potatoes to pay for household expenses 57.50 percent and finance agricultural inputs 55.00 percent. Moreover, sold for loan repayment 45.00 percent and limited storage space 52.50 percent play significant roles in immediate selling decisions. The study also showed that farmers stored potatoes for various reasons, such as personal consumption 23.3 percent, anticipating higher prices 24.20 percent, meeting off-season demand 23.3 percent, and exploiting competitive prices 23.3 percent. The study provide insights into the price spread in different market channels, indicating varying profit margins for farmers and intermediaries. Finally, the study highlighted the marketing efficiency under different channels, with Channel III showed the highest efficiency 47 percent in direct distribution, followed by Channel II 32 percent and Channel I 29 percent. These findings highlight the complexities of potato marketing in the Parwan province, Afghanistan which can help policymakers to develop a sustainable approach to inform strategies to improve farmers' income and market efficiency.
{"title":"Potatoes Storage, Price Spread through Various Channels and Marketing Efficiency in Parwan Province, Afghanistan","authors":"Faridullah Lalzai, A. Jamali, Abdul Mutaleb Naziri, Gulwali Mohammadzai, Rashidullah Mashkoor, Mohammad Shakir Ebrahimi","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper examined the factors influenced farmers' immediate selling of potatoes after harvest and their storage practices, various factors and limitations affected their selling and storage capacity has been identified and the ground conditions as realistic discussed as well as the price spread and marketing efficiency in the three districts Siyagard, Ghorband, and Shinwari of Parwan province, Afghanistan. The study conducted revealed that farmers primarily sold potatoes to pay for household expenses 57.50 percent and finance agricultural inputs 55.00 percent. Moreover, sold for loan repayment 45.00 percent and limited storage space 52.50 percent play significant roles in immediate selling decisions. The study also showed that farmers stored potatoes for various reasons, such as personal consumption 23.3 percent, anticipating higher prices 24.20 percent, meeting off-season demand 23.3 percent, and exploiting competitive prices 23.3 percent. The study provide insights into the price spread in different market channels, indicating varying profit margins for farmers and intermediaries. Finally, the study highlighted the marketing efficiency under different channels, with Channel III showed the highest efficiency 47 percent in direct distribution, followed by Channel II 32 percent and Channel I 29 percent. These findings highlight the complexities of potato marketing in the Parwan province, Afghanistan which can help policymakers to develop a sustainable approach to inform strategies to improve farmers' income and market efficiency.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91006127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parwiz Niazi, Zaland Hekmatullah, Mohammad Usman Mohammad, Abdul Wahid Monib, Mohammad Hassan Hassand, Hamidullah Ozturk, Azizaqa Azizi, Mujibullah Mansoor, Mohammad Shafi Akhundzada, Obaidullah Alimyar
Biochar is a promising solution for pesticide pollution and soil degradation in agriculture. It improves fertilizer efficiency by increasing nutrient availability, and acts as a slow-release fertilizer. Biochar enhances soil fertility by retaining nutrients, and increasing organic matter, water retention, and microbial activity. It also shows potential in pesticide degradation through chemical, and microbial processes. However, the sorption of pesticides on biochar can hinder degradation. Factors like feedstock, pyrolysis temperature, and application rate influence biochar's nutrient retention capabilities. Understanding these factors is crucial for optimizing biochar's effectiveness in agricultural systems.
{"title":"Biochar as a Fertilizer Replacement for Sustainable Agriculture","authors":"Parwiz Niazi, Zaland Hekmatullah, Mohammad Usman Mohammad, Abdul Wahid Monib, Mohammad Hassan Hassand, Hamidullah Ozturk, Azizaqa Azizi, Mujibullah Mansoor, Mohammad Shafi Akhundzada, Obaidullah Alimyar","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Biochar is a promising solution for pesticide pollution and soil degradation in agriculture. It improves fertilizer efficiency by increasing nutrient availability, and acts as a slow-release fertilizer. Biochar enhances soil fertility by retaining nutrients, and increasing organic matter, water retention, and microbial activity. It also shows potential in pesticide degradation through chemical, and microbial processes. However, the sorption of pesticides on biochar can hinder degradation. Factors like feedstock, pyrolysis temperature, and application rate influence biochar's nutrient retention capabilities. Understanding these factors is crucial for optimizing biochar's effectiveness in agricultural systems.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83015301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was undertaken in the three districts of Yaqubi and Sabari, Mando Zayi and Bak of Khost province, Afghanistan, with the aim of evaluating marketing constraints, marketable surplus, intermediaries, and consumer perceptions regarding the price of onions. Despite its substantial influence on the economy and people's livelihoods, Afghanistan's onion marketing system has gotten insufficient attention. Onion prices in Afghanistan were volatile, which has a huge influence on the economy and people's capacity to buy basic foods. Data was collected from 120 farmers, 120 consumers, 30 wholesalers, and 30 retailers across the province. The study's main constraints faced by farmers in marketing onions included the majority of farmers 71.70 percent agreed that storage facilities were perceived to be expensive. 87.5 percent of respondents strongly agree that the lack of storage facilities was a major issue. Price changes were the biggest issue for customers, as 84.20 percent of respondents agreed. Limited market access was cited as a problem by 71.70 percent of respondents. The main constraint for wholesalers was the absence of facilities for grading onions, with 60.70 Lack of storage facilities was another key obstacle, resulting in 63.30 percent and No organizations (Councils) being available; 86.70 percent was a similar result for retailers too. The average onion production per Jerib of land was found to be 2386.16 kg/Jerib. Only 9.96% of the onion yield was used for domestic consumption, leaving the producers with a marketable surplus of 90.03%. Fluctuations in onion prices throughout different seasons were primarily attributed to the absence of proper storage facilities. The study has indicated that consumers tend to perceive the selling price of onions during the off-season as significantly higher than its on-season average price. The average price of onions during the off-season was 66.33 Afghanis per kilogram, whereas it was 22.16 Afghanis during the on-season. This indicated a significant price difference between the two seasons.
{"title":"Marketing Constraints and Price Perspectives for Onion in Khost Province, Afghanistan","authors":"A. Jamali, Faridullah Lalzai, Nick Jamal Jamali","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"The study was undertaken in the three districts of Yaqubi and Sabari, Mando Zayi and Bak of Khost province, Afghanistan, with the aim of evaluating marketing constraints, marketable surplus, intermediaries, and consumer perceptions regarding the price of onions. Despite its substantial influence on the economy and people's livelihoods, Afghanistan's onion marketing system has gotten insufficient attention. Onion prices in Afghanistan were volatile, which has a huge influence on the economy and people's capacity to buy basic foods. Data was collected from 120 farmers, 120 consumers, 30 wholesalers, and 30 retailers across the province. The study's main constraints faced by farmers in marketing onions included the majority of farmers 71.70 percent agreed that storage facilities were perceived to be expensive. 87.5 percent of respondents strongly agree that the lack of storage facilities was a major issue. Price changes were the biggest issue for customers, as 84.20 percent of respondents agreed. Limited market access was cited as a problem by 71.70 percent of respondents. The main constraint for wholesalers was the absence of facilities for grading onions, with 60.70 Lack of storage facilities was another key obstacle, resulting in 63.30 percent and No organizations (Councils) being available; 86.70 percent was a similar result for retailers too. The average onion production per Jerib of land was found to be 2386.16 kg/Jerib. Only 9.96% of the onion yield was used for domestic consumption, leaving the producers with a marketable surplus of 90.03%. Fluctuations in onion prices throughout different seasons were primarily attributed to the absence of proper storage facilities. The study has indicated that consumers tend to perceive the selling price of onions during the off-season as significantly higher than its on-season average price. The average price of onions during the off-season was 66.33 Afghanis per kilogram, whereas it was 22.16 Afghanis during the on-season. This indicated a significant price difference between the two seasons.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86546432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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