Marwan Muneam Jasim, Shareef Faiq Sultan Al-Tikrity
The present study involved the deposition of graphene films onto a silicon substrate of p-type using the Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) technique by varying the number of laser pulses (700, 600, and 500 pulses) at a fixed energy of 800 mj and a frequency of 6 Hz. The thickness of the prepared samples was calculated, revealing a significant increase in thickness (from 282 to 223 nm) attributed to the accumulation of material with increasing number of pulses. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of graphene samples showed an increase in both the degree of crystallinity and the intensity of the graphene peak with increasing number of pulses leading to an initial boost in crystalline growth. The utilization of (SEM) images, particularly in samples created with 700 pulses, they appear to be more extended and smoother, forming wavy surfaces. Furthermore, a discernible augmentation in the quantity of graphene atomic layers was seen from 80 to 116 in samples that underwent an increase in the number of pulses from 500 to 700. The observation revealed a distinct arrangement of the surface, where, these layers effectively covered the surface with a thickness measuring 115 nm. Furthermore, a noticeable variation in the surface morphology of the deposited samples was also observed with increasing number of pulses. FTIR spectra exhibited a conspicuous augmentation in the intensity of bands, particularly for the asymmetric and symmetric vibrations of the CH2 group, which manifest at wavenumbers of 2940 and 2890 cm-1, respectively, concomitant with an escalation in the number of laser pulses employed during the deposition procedure.
{"title":"Depositing Layers of Nano Graphene on P-Type Silicon Substrate and Studying the Structural and Optical Properties","authors":"Marwan Muneam Jasim, Shareef Faiq Sultan Al-Tikrity","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.5.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.5.13","url":null,"abstract":"The present study involved the deposition of graphene films onto a silicon substrate of p-type using the Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) technique by varying the number of laser pulses (700, 600, and 500 pulses) at a fixed energy of 800 mj and a frequency of 6 Hz. The thickness of the prepared samples was calculated, revealing a significant increase in thickness (from 282 to 223 nm) attributed to the accumulation of material with increasing number of pulses. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of graphene samples showed an increase in both the degree of crystallinity and the intensity of the graphene peak with increasing number of pulses leading to an initial boost in crystalline growth. The utilization of (SEM) images, particularly in samples created with 700 pulses, they appear to be more extended and smoother, forming wavy surfaces. Furthermore, a discernible augmentation in the quantity of graphene atomic layers was seen from 80 to 116 in samples that underwent an increase in the number of pulses from 500 to 700. The observation revealed a distinct arrangement of the surface, where, these layers effectively covered the surface with a thickness measuring 115 nm. Furthermore, a noticeable variation in the surface morphology of the deposited samples was also observed with increasing number of pulses. FTIR spectra exhibited a conspicuous augmentation in the intensity of bands, particularly for the asymmetric and symmetric vibrations of the CH2 group, which manifest at wavenumbers of 2940 and 2890 cm-1, respectively, concomitant with an escalation in the number of laser pulses employed during the deposition procedure.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"188 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136231896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the course of the past ten years, there has been a rising interest in the application of AI in radiology with the goal of improving diagnostic practises. Every stage of the imaging workflow might potentially be improved by AI, beginning with the ordering of diagnostic procedures and ending with the distribution of data. One of the disadvantages of utilising AI in radiology is that it can disrupt the doctor-patient contact that takes place during the diagnostic procedure. This research synthesis examines how patients and clinicians engage with AI in the process of diagnosing cancer, brain disorders, gastrointestinal tract, and bone-related diseases. [S]ome of the diseases that are studied include cancer, brain disorders, and gastrointestinal tract. Researchers began their investigation of several databases in 2021 and continued their work until 2023. Some of the databases that were examined include PubMed, Embase, Medline, Scopus, and PsycNet. The search terms "artificial intelligence" and "intelligence machine" as well as "communication," "radiology," and "oncology diagnosis" were utilised. It has been demonstrated that artificial intelligence can help medical professionals make more accurate diagnoses. Medical compliance can be enhanced with good training in doctor-patient diagnosis communication, and future research may assist boost patients' trust by informing them of the benefits of AI. Both of these things are important for the delivery of quality medical care.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Uses of AI in Field of Radiology- What is State of Doctor & Pateints Communication in Different Disease for Diagnosis Purpose","authors":"Roshan Kumar, Prachi Sood, Ravindra Kumar Nirala, Rajkumar Pradip Ade, Amle Vandana Sonaji","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.5.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.5.9","url":null,"abstract":"Over the course of the past ten years, there has been a rising interest in the application of AI in radiology with the goal of improving diagnostic practises. Every stage of the imaging workflow might potentially be improved by AI, beginning with the ordering of diagnostic procedures and ending with the distribution of data. One of the disadvantages of utilising AI in radiology is that it can disrupt the doctor-patient contact that takes place during the diagnostic procedure. This research synthesis examines how patients and clinicians engage with AI in the process of diagnosing cancer, brain disorders, gastrointestinal tract, and bone-related diseases. [S]ome of the diseases that are studied include cancer, brain disorders, and gastrointestinal tract. Researchers began their investigation of several databases in 2021 and continued their work until 2023. Some of the databases that were examined include PubMed, Embase, Medline, Scopus, and PsycNet. The search terms \"artificial intelligence\" and \"intelligence machine\" as well as \"communication,\" \"radiology,\" and \"oncology diagnosis\" were utilised. It has been demonstrated that artificial intelligence can help medical professionals make more accurate diagnoses. Medical compliance can be enhanced with good training in doctor-patient diagnosis communication, and future research may assist boost patients' trust by informing them of the benefits of AI. Both of these things are important for the delivery of quality medical care.
 GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
 
","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135169200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roshan Kumar, Prachi Sood, Ravindra Kumar Nirala, Asum Christian, Richard Owusu Nyarko, Eward Amoah Boateng, Francis Asante-Duku, Vincent Kwesi Orlando
Thirty percent of all deaths that occur each year can be attributed to heart disease, stroke, and other forms of cardiovascular disease. The World Health Organisation (WHO) predicts that by the year 2030, the annual death toll from cardiovascular diseases will have increased to 22.2 million, up from the present annual total of 17.9 million. Mortality rates tend to go up in populations as they get older. The chance of dying from cardiovascular disease is significantly higher for females (51%) than it is for males (42%). The majority of people treat and prevent cardiovascular disease by using plant-based medications (also known as phytochemicals), either in addition to or in instead of pharmaceuticals that are readily available on the market. In this study, the efficacy of treating cardiovascular illness is evaluated using 92 different plants, including 15 terrestrial plants. A number of different medicinal herbs, including Daucus carota, Nerium oleander, Amaranthus Viridis, Ginkgo biloba, Terminalia arjuna, Picrorhiza kurroa, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Tinospora cordifolia, Mucuna pruriens, Hydrocotyle asiatica, Bombax ceiba, and Andrographis paniculate, are utilised to treat cardiovascular disease. There are a variety of active phytochemicals found in these plants, some of which include flavonoids, polyphenols, plant sterols, plant sulphur compounds, and terpenoids. Flavonoids, in general, are known to increase vasodilation by inhibiting the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Plant sterols reduce the amount of cholesterol in the blood, which in turn protects against cardiovascular disease. Plant sulphur compounds protect against cardiovascular disease in addition to their role in the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the inhibition of cholesterol formation. The incidence of cardiovascular disease can be reduced by increasing the synthesis of ATP in mitochondria, and terpenoids can diminish atherosclerotic lesion in the aortic valve. Even though several physiologically active compounds with acknowledged biological functions have been found in a wide variety of plants, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease continues to rise, making it imperative that effective CVD prevention and treatment strategies be developed. More research is required to understand both the mechanism and the individual phytochemicals in plants that treat CVD.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Plant & its Bioactive Components Uses in Cardio-Potential Diseases: A Sectional Study for Different Herbs","authors":"Roshan Kumar, Prachi Sood, Ravindra Kumar Nirala, Asum Christian, Richard Owusu Nyarko, Eward Amoah Boateng, Francis Asante-Duku, Vincent Kwesi Orlando","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.5.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.5.10","url":null,"abstract":"Thirty percent of all deaths that occur each year can be attributed to heart disease, stroke, and other forms of cardiovascular disease. The World Health Organisation (WHO) predicts that by the year 2030, the annual death toll from cardiovascular diseases will have increased to 22.2 million, up from the present annual total of 17.9 million. Mortality rates tend to go up in populations as they get older. The chance of dying from cardiovascular disease is significantly higher for females (51%) than it is for males (42%). The majority of people treat and prevent cardiovascular disease by using plant-based medications (also known as phytochemicals), either in addition to or in instead of pharmaceuticals that are readily available on the market. In this study, the efficacy of treating cardiovascular illness is evaluated using 92 different plants, including 15 terrestrial plants. A number of different medicinal herbs, including Daucus carota, Nerium oleander, Amaranthus Viridis, Ginkgo biloba, Terminalia arjuna, Picrorhiza kurroa, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Tinospora cordifolia, Mucuna pruriens, Hydrocotyle asiatica, Bombax ceiba, and Andrographis paniculate, are utilised to treat cardiovascular disease. There are a variety of active phytochemicals found in these plants, some of which include flavonoids, polyphenols, plant sterols, plant sulphur compounds, and terpenoids. Flavonoids, in general, are known to increase vasodilation by inhibiting the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Plant sterols reduce the amount of cholesterol in the blood, which in turn protects against cardiovascular disease. Plant sulphur compounds protect against cardiovascular disease in addition to their role in the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the inhibition of cholesterol formation. The incidence of cardiovascular disease can be reduced by increasing the synthesis of ATP in mitochondria, and terpenoids can diminish atherosclerotic lesion in the aortic valve. Even though several physiologically active compounds with acknowledged biological functions have been found in a wide variety of plants, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease continues to rise, making it imperative that effective CVD prevention and treatment strategies be developed. More research is required to understand both the mechanism and the individual phytochemicals in plants that treat CVD.
 GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT 
","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"33 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135169056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The inability of the target organs to react appropriately to the action of insulin is known as insulin resistance. Insulin resistance impairs insulin-mediated glucose absorption in the peripheral (skeletal muscle and adipose tissue), which results in increased blood sugar levels and increase insulin demand.
Aim: This study aims to assess medical students' knowledge and attitudes on the signs, consequences, and treatments of insulin resistance.
Patients and methods: There were 160 medical students at Tikrit University in all, male and female. The average age of students in the primary stages was 20 years, while that of students in the clinical stages was 23 years old. The current study, which was conducted in 2023 at Tikrit University College of Medicine (TUCOM), is cross-sectional in nature. All data presented statically as percentage.
Results: There are three forms of diabetes mellitus, according to 43.75 percent of medical students. One of the complications of DM, according to (90.63 %) of them, is vision problems. Diet modification and exercise were preferable than oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin therapy.
Conclusions: The study found that (75%) of medical students recognized the link between type 2 DM and insulin resistance, with clinical students showed a higher level of awareness in comparison with preclinical students.
{"title":"Knowledge and Attitude of Medical Students about Insulin Resistance Symptoms, Effect, and Treatment","authors":"Alaa Saber Shihab","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.5.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.5.8","url":null,"abstract":"The inability of the target organs to react appropriately to the action of insulin is known as insulin resistance. Insulin resistance impairs insulin-mediated glucose absorption in the peripheral (skeletal muscle and adipose tissue), which results in increased blood sugar levels and increase insulin demand.
 Aim: This study aims to assess medical students' knowledge and attitudes on the signs, consequences, and treatments of insulin resistance.
 Patients and methods: There were 160 medical students at Tikrit University in all, male and female. The average age of students in the primary stages was 20 years, while that of students in the clinical stages was 23 years old. The current study, which was conducted in 2023 at Tikrit University College of Medicine (TUCOM), is cross-sectional in nature. All data presented statically as percentage.
 Results: There are three forms of diabetes mellitus, according to 43.75 percent of medical students. One of the complications of DM, according to (90.63 %) of them, is vision problems. Diet modification and exercise were preferable than oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin therapy.
 Conclusions: The study found that (75%) of medical students recognized the link between type 2 DM and insulin resistance, with clinical students showed a higher level of awareness in comparison with preclinical students.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"45 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135460727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sharbat Khan Nafees, Zahidullah Zaheen, Mohammad Aziz Khan
Ficus deltoidea is a potential plant used for several purposes. This plant traditionally used for various treatment in the different parts of the globe. Ficus deltoidea has diversed morphology and mostly found in south Asian countries. Due to its great potential, recently it is getting famous as more attention given in exploring herbs as an alternative for medicine. The active phytochemicals of F. deltoidea have been studied for antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anti-ulcerogenic and wound healing activities. This review article will focus on to elaborate the active phytochemicals and pharmacological properties of F. deltoidea plant.
{"title":"Potential Phytochemicals and Pharmacological Aspect of Ficus deltoidea Plant","authors":"Sharbat Khan Nafees, Zahidullah Zaheen, Mohammad Aziz Khan","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.5.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.5.7","url":null,"abstract":"Ficus deltoidea is a potential plant used for several purposes. This plant traditionally used for various treatment in the different parts of the globe. Ficus deltoidea has diversed morphology and mostly found in south Asian countries. Due to its great potential, recently it is getting famous as more attention given in exploring herbs as an alternative for medicine. The active phytochemicals of F. deltoidea have been studied for antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anti-ulcerogenic and wound healing activities. This review article will focus on to elaborate the active phytochemicals and pharmacological properties of F. deltoidea plant.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"86 1-2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A survey-based study was conducted to explore the availability of fish species and the socio-economic conditions of fish sellers at the selected fish markets in Gazipur Sadar upazila. Data were collected from four fish markets namely Shimultoli, Salna, Joydebpur, and Chowrasta fish market. A total of 40 fish sellers, 10 from each fish market were interviewed at the fish market. To understand the pricing dynamics and variety of fish in each market, structured questionnaires were used to collect information on the availability of different fish species, their sizes, and prices per kilogram. In addition, the survey looked into the socio-economic backgrounds of fish sellers, including age, marriage status, income, family size, access to financial services, housing conditions, water sources, electricity supply, and medical facilities. A total of 45 fish species of both freshwater and marine water and 15 species of dried fish species were available in these markets. Not only the prices of fishes varied from species to species, but also from market to market. Almost all the fish sellers were male and married (88%). Among the fish sellers, both joint and nuclear families were present. Monthly income of the fish sellers was between BDT 15,000 and 40,000. 73% of the fish sellers had tin shed house, 97% had well sanitary system, 98% drank tube well water, 97% had electricity facility and 78% had medical facilities. Only 36% of the fish sellers had bank accounts. However, the fish sellers faced some problems such as lack of awareness, lack of credit support etc. Therefore, more technical and financial support are needed for ensuring their socio-economic advancement.
{"title":"Availability of Fish Species and Socio-economic Conditions of Fish Sellers at the Selected Fish Markets in Gazipur Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh","authors":"Humyra Khatun Sathi, Md. Rakib Hasan, Tanjima Tabassom, Pinky Rani Kundu, Umme Kaniz Fatema","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.5.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.5.6","url":null,"abstract":"A survey-based study was conducted to explore the availability of fish species and the socio-economic conditions of fish sellers at the selected fish markets in Gazipur Sadar upazila. Data were collected from four fish markets namely Shimultoli, Salna, Joydebpur, and Chowrasta fish market. A total of 40 fish sellers, 10 from each fish market were interviewed at the fish market. To understand the pricing dynamics and variety of fish in each market, structured questionnaires were used to collect information on the availability of different fish species, their sizes, and prices per kilogram. In addition, the survey looked into the socio-economic backgrounds of fish sellers, including age, marriage status, income, family size, access to financial services, housing conditions, water sources, electricity supply, and medical facilities. A total of 45 fish species of both freshwater and marine water and 15 species of dried fish species were available in these markets. Not only the prices of fishes varied from species to species, but also from market to market. Almost all the fish sellers were male and married (88%). Among the fish sellers, both joint and nuclear families were present. Monthly income of the fish sellers was between BDT 15,000 and 40,000. 73% of the fish sellers had tin shed house, 97% had well sanitary system, 98% drank tube well water, 97% had electricity facility and 78% had medical facilities. Only 36% of the fish sellers had bank accounts. However, the fish sellers faced some problems such as lack of awareness, lack of credit support etc. Therefore, more technical and financial support are needed for ensuring their socio-economic advancement.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135569502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many functions depend on more than one independent variable. For instance, the volume of a right circular cylinder is a function of its radius and its height, so it is a function V(r, h) of two variables r and h.
Real valued functions of several independent real variables are defined similarly to functions in the single-variable case. In this article, we define functions of more than one independent variable and discuss ways to graph them. But their graph is impossible in the two-dimensional system and the MATLAB program is the language that guarantees computer implementation at a high level in mathematics, easily presenting calculations, images, graphs, and writing programs in its environment.
For achieving this goal, we first explained the plot3 procedure in the three-dimensional coordinate system to draw the graph of two dependent subordinates on the MATLAB program environment, followed by the surf procedure as well as the mesh procedure. Then we explained the procedures mentioned in the polar coordinates. We have provided examples to better understand each procedure.
{"title":"Three-Dimensional Graph Drawing Procedures for Functions of Two and Several Variables","authors":"Ehsanullah Hemati, Mohammad Zubair Tanweer","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.5.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.5.5","url":null,"abstract":"Many functions depend on more than one independent variable. For instance, the volume of a right circular cylinder is a function of its radius and its height, so it is a function V(r, h) of two variables r and h.
 Real valued functions of several independent real variables are defined similarly to functions in the single-variable case. In this article, we define functions of more than one independent variable and discuss ways to graph them. But their graph is impossible in the two-dimensional system and the MATLAB program is the language that guarantees computer implementation at a high level in mathematics, easily presenting calculations, images, graphs, and writing programs in its environment.
 For achieving this goal, we first explained the plot3 procedure in the three-dimensional coordinate system to draw the graph of two dependent subordinates on the MATLAB program environment, followed by the surf procedure as well as the mesh procedure. Then we explained the procedures mentioned in the polar coordinates. We have provided examples to better understand each procedure.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135855551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Ahmad, Mohammad Khan Wasifhy, Arsalan Watandar
The main objective of regulating the market is protecting the interest of producer, sellers increase the standards of the local Markets where the first exchange of the commodities take its place. In order to attain and reach the object of each regulated markets hence the establishment of Market committees are executed which is consisting of the representatives of the cultivators, dealers, locals’ bodies, co-operative, shops, sellers, and the selected state government candidates. Producers are mostly considered in these committees. The committee of market, would consist of (12) to (18) members, subjected to the size of the market. Regulated Markets have many advantages and benefits such as the growers are encouraged to bring their produce straight to the markets, Growers are protected from the manipulation of market functionaries, Market costs are definite and obligatory, Growers are ensured with better prices, Obtainability of the staffs for the disbursement of disputes, Facilities like platforms for the sale transactions, parking storage facilities, rest houses, and etc. are made available, Growers have accessibility to up-to-date, market information and Marketing costs are lowered and the producer share in consumer will increase. The regulated market functions are to deliver marketing facilitates, marketing of notified crops regulation, as well as to create a yards of the required infrastructural facilities.
{"title":"A Study of Performance of Regulated Market and Its Benefits","authors":"Ali Ahmad, Mohammad Khan Wasifhy, Arsalan Watandar","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.5.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.5.3","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of regulating the market is protecting the interest of producer, sellers increase the standards of the local Markets where the first exchange of the commodities take its place. In order to attain and reach the object of each regulated markets hence the establishment of Market committees are executed which is consisting of the representatives of the cultivators, dealers, locals’ bodies, co-operative, shops, sellers, and the selected state government candidates. Producers are mostly considered in these committees. The committee of market, would consist of (12) to (18) members, subjected to the size of the market. Regulated Markets have many advantages and benefits such as the growers are encouraged to bring their produce straight to the markets, Growers are protected from the manipulation of market functionaries, Market costs are definite and obligatory, Growers are ensured with better prices, Obtainability of the staffs for the disbursement of disputes, Facilities like platforms for the sale transactions, parking storage facilities, rest houses, and etc. are made available, Growers have accessibility to up-to-date, market information and Marketing costs are lowered and the producer share in consumer will increase. The regulated market functions are to deliver marketing facilitates, marketing of notified crops regulation, as well as to create a yards of the required infrastructural facilities.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135855368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sura Hameed Nayyef, Lina Qays Yaseen, Marwa Hasan Abdul Wahab
Antimicrobial resistance is a real threat to human health in worldwide. One of these medicinal plants that are commonly used in addition to its source as food is also used as a treatment for some cases. Gum Arabic (GA) consider it protection against various bacterial infections. Kiwi fruit Commonly known as the, Actinidia deliciosa valuable medicinal properties such as its anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-asthmatic efficacy. Gum Arabic in different concentrations (10,20,30 and 50)% also Actinidia deliciosa in concentrations (25,50,75 and 100)% were used to determine the effect and inhibition activity against 4 species of bacteria were isolated from the different sites of the human body's infection included Urinary tract Infection (UTI) ,skin infections (pus), and from stool (diarrhea), these bacteria were (Staphylococcus aureus ,Salmonella sp. , Klebsiella pneumonia and E. coli) and compared with inhibitory effect of some antibiotic discs (Trimethoprim/Sulfamethaxazole (25 µg), Ciprofloxacin 10 µg, Vancomycin (30µg), Norfloxacin (10 µg), and Lincomycin (15µg). Salmonella sp. most affected by gum Arabic with an inhibition rate of 10, while with kiwi fruits the inhibition rate was 8 compared to the used antibiotics, which showed resistance to it. The Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) of gum Arabic against all bacterial species was at 10%, while MIC of kiwi fruit solution was at 25%. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of gum Arabic against bacterial isolates was 10% and 25% of kiwi fruit.30% of gum Arabic showed highest inhibition activity toward Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli at 15 and 10 mm but 50% of it showed highest activity toward Salmonella sp and Staphylococcus aureus at 12 and 16mm, 75% and 100% of Kiwi fruit juice was more effective against Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli at same measure inhibition zone at 9mm but Salmonella sp and Staphylococcus aureus were more affected by 75% Kiwi fruit juice at 11 and 12 mm respectively compared with other concentrations. The synergism effect of Gum Arabic (10 µg/ml) with Trimethoprim (25 µg/ml) was more effected against E. coli, the inhibition zone was at 12mm and Staphylococcus aureus was at 30mm, E. coli was resistant to Gum Arabic (10 µg/ml) and Triethoprime (25µg/ml) each of one alone, but Staphylococcus aureus bacteria the inhibition zone was at 9mm when treated with Gum Arabic (10 µg/ml) and resistant to Triethoprime (25µg/ml). in the same time Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella sp. not affected with this synergism and Triethoprime (25µg/ml) aone, but they affected with Gum Arabic Acacia Senegal (10 µg/ml), the inhibition zones were 11 and 10 mm respectively.
{"title":"Invitro Determination Effectiveness of Acacia senegal and Juice of Actinidia deliciosa with Estimate Synergistic Effect Towards Some Pathogenic Bacteria of Human","authors":"Sura Hameed Nayyef, Lina Qays Yaseen, Marwa Hasan Abdul Wahab","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.5.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.5.4","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance is a real threat to human health in worldwide. One of these medicinal plants that are commonly used in addition to its source as food is also used as a treatment for some cases. Gum Arabic (GA) consider it protection against various bacterial infections. Kiwi fruit Commonly known as the, Actinidia deliciosa valuable medicinal properties such as its anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-asthmatic efficacy. Gum Arabic in different concentrations (10,20,30 and 50)% also Actinidia deliciosa in concentrations (25,50,75 and 100)% were used to determine the effect and inhibition activity against 4 species of bacteria were isolated from the different sites of the human body's infection included Urinary tract Infection (UTI) ,skin infections (pus), and from stool (diarrhea), these bacteria were (Staphylococcus aureus ,Salmonella sp. , Klebsiella pneumonia and E. coli) and compared with inhibitory effect of some antibiotic discs (Trimethoprim/Sulfamethaxazole (25 µg), Ciprofloxacin 10 µg, Vancomycin (30µg), Norfloxacin (10 µg), and Lincomycin (15µg). Salmonella sp. most affected by gum Arabic with an inhibition rate of 10, while with kiwi fruits the inhibition rate was 8 compared to the used antibiotics, which showed resistance to it. The Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) of gum Arabic against all bacterial species was at 10%, while MIC of kiwi fruit solution was at 25%. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of gum Arabic against bacterial isolates was 10% and 25% of kiwi fruit.30% of gum Arabic showed highest inhibition activity toward Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli at 15 and 10 mm but 50% of it showed highest activity toward Salmonella sp and Staphylococcus aureus at 12 and 16mm, 75% and 100% of Kiwi fruit juice was more effective against Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli at same measure inhibition zone at 9mm but Salmonella sp and Staphylococcus aureus were more affected by 75% Kiwi fruit juice at 11 and 12 mm respectively compared with other concentrations. The synergism effect of Gum Arabic (10 µg/ml) with Trimethoprim (25 µg/ml) was more effected against E. coli, the inhibition zone was at 12mm and Staphylococcus aureus was at 30mm, E. coli was resistant to Gum Arabic (10 µg/ml) and Triethoprime (25µg/ml) each of one alone, but Staphylococcus aureus bacteria the inhibition zone was at 9mm when treated with Gum Arabic (10 µg/ml) and resistant to Triethoprime (25µg/ml). in the same time Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella sp. not affected with this synergism and Triethoprime (25µg/ml) aone, but they affected with Gum Arabic Acacia Senegal (10 µg/ml), the inhibition zones were 11 and 10 mm respectively.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135855374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Anwar Trezai, Sultan Mohammad Khwaja, Said Shah Ahmadi, Shahmehmood Ranzormal
Background: Malabsorption syndrome is a gastrointestinal condition hindering the efficient absorption of nutrients from food. Multiple factors contribute, primarily linked to mucosal damage within the small intestine, the primary site for nutrient absorption. (1)
Research Goal: The Frequency and pattern of Malabsorption in khost provincial and specialized Hospital During year1400 hijri shamsi.
Research rational: There is no medical information about the case in the civil and specialized hospital of khost, also the disease events constitute a large percentage of disease events if diagnosed and treat in time the complication rate will be reduced.
Methodology: Our study is a descriptive case series conducted in the year 1400. Among the 2,311 patients admitted to Khost Hospital during that time, 80 individuals were diagnosed with Malabsorption Syndrome.
Result: During the year 1400 ,2311 patients were hospitalized in khost hospital, among these, 30 patients were diagnosed as Malabsorption, most were younger than 20 and more than 60 years, most of them were female, the significant symptoms were chronic diarrhea, weight loss, dyspepsia and dehydration. most admitted patients were referred from center of khost city and major complications were weight loss, malnutrition, and anemia.
Final result: the incidence of malabsorption contains 1.29% of all other diseases, the incidence is higher in patients who aged less than 20 and more than 60 years, the incidence is higher in female than male, the events are more in the central areas of the khost than the districts., the common symptoms are chronic diarrhea, weight loss, dyspepsia. The weight loss, malnutrition, and anemia were the major complications.
{"title":"Descriptive Study of Malabsorption Syndrome at the Postgraduate Hospital in Khost, Afghanistan","authors":"Mohammad Anwar Trezai, Sultan Mohammad Khwaja, Said Shah Ahmadi, Shahmehmood Ranzormal","doi":"10.55544/jrasb.2.5.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.5.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malabsorption syndrome is a gastrointestinal condition hindering the efficient absorption of nutrients from food. Multiple factors contribute, primarily linked to mucosal damage within the small intestine, the primary site for nutrient absorption. (1)
 Research Goal: The Frequency and pattern of Malabsorption in khost provincial and specialized Hospital During year1400 hijri shamsi.
 Research rational: There is no medical information about the case in the civil and specialized hospital of khost, also the disease events constitute a large percentage of disease events if diagnosed and treat in time the complication rate will be reduced.
 Methodology: Our study is a descriptive case series conducted in the year 1400. Among the 2,311 patients admitted to Khost Hospital during that time, 80 individuals were diagnosed with Malabsorption Syndrome.
 Result: During the year 1400 ,2311 patients were hospitalized in khost hospital, among these, 30 patients were diagnosed as Malabsorption, most were younger than 20 and more than 60 years, most of them were female, the significant symptoms were chronic diarrhea, weight loss, dyspepsia and dehydration. most admitted patients were referred from center of khost city and major complications were weight loss, malnutrition, and anemia.
 Final result: the incidence of malabsorption contains 1.29% of all other diseases, the incidence is higher in patients who aged less than 20 and more than 60 years, the incidence is higher in female than male, the events are more in the central areas of the khost than the districts., the common symptoms are chronic diarrhea, weight loss, dyspepsia. The weight loss, malnutrition, and anemia were the major complications.","PeriodicalId":13755,"journal":{"name":"International Journal For Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135302472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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