Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56293/ijasr.2022.5459
Fatih Karaosmanoglu, Rıfkı Sindir, Tülin Doğan
There is a close interaction between any natural environment and especially human beings and other living things. This interaction; It controls landforms, climate, soil and vegetation. Climate is the most important external force that shapes the earth. For these reasons, human beings; It maintains its life in the natural environment by adapting to the landforms and climate. The behavior of human beings to adapt to nature has emerged as land use. In this study; Landforms, climate, soil and vegetation that are effective on land use in Kesis Stream Basin were examined. In the study, geographic information systems (GIS) were chosen as the method, and the elevation model, other data obtained from the institutions constitute the study materials. These data were processed through GIS and explained visually and numerically.Accordingly, it has been determined that the rugged landforms of the basin do not allow settlement and agricultural activities since they correspond to approximately 80% of the area (Table 3). In the basin, brownish forest soils and red Mediterranean soils developed, in which Mediterranean climate characteristics are observed. On these soil surfaces; conifer, mixed and broad-leaved plant species showed a wide distribution. While alluvial and colluvial soils developed on landforms such as polje, uvala, and sinks in the basin, it was determined that these surfaces were used as settlement and agricultural areas. As a result, it was determined that more than 70% of the area (Table 6) limited settlement and agriculture in the Kesis Stream basin, as a natural result of the mutual interaction of landforms, climate, soil and plant characteristics. Apart from these, it has been determined that about 17% of them, such as the accumulation fan, polje, uvala, doline, low plateau, are engaged in settlement and agriculture. Here; the rules of natural factors should be prioritized and land use plans should be made to adapt to this.
{"title":"AFFECTS DETERMİNATİON OF THE NATURAL FACTORS SUCH AS CLİMATE, SOİL, VEGETATİON AND GEOMORFOLOGY ON LANDUSE/COVER BY HELPİNG GEOGRAPHY İNFORMATİON SYSTEM (GİS) İN THE KESİS STREAM BASİN (SOUTH OF TURKİYE)","authors":"Fatih Karaosmanoglu, Rıfkı Sindir, Tülin Doğan","doi":"10.56293/ijasr.2022.5459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56293/ijasr.2022.5459","url":null,"abstract":"There is a close interaction between any natural environment and especially human beings and other living things. This interaction; It controls landforms, climate, soil and vegetation. Climate is the most important external force that shapes the earth. For these reasons, human beings; It maintains its life in the natural environment by adapting to the landforms and climate. The behavior of human beings to adapt to nature has emerged as land use. In this study; Landforms, climate, soil and vegetation that are effective on land use in Kesis Stream Basin were examined. In the study, geographic information systems (GIS) were chosen as the method, and the elevation model, other data obtained from the institutions constitute the study materials. These data were processed through GIS and explained visually and numerically.Accordingly, it has been determined that the rugged landforms of the basin do not allow settlement and agricultural activities since they correspond to approximately 80% of the area (Table 3). In the basin, brownish forest soils and red Mediterranean soils developed, in which Mediterranean climate characteristics are observed. On these soil surfaces; conifer, mixed and broad-leaved plant species showed a wide distribution. While alluvial and colluvial soils developed on landforms such as polje, uvala, and sinks in the basin, it was determined that these surfaces were used as settlement and agricultural areas. As a result, it was determined that more than 70% of the area (Table 6) limited settlement and agriculture in the Kesis Stream basin, as a natural result of the mutual interaction of landforms, climate, soil and plant characteristics. Apart from these, it has been determined that about 17% of them, such as the accumulation fan, polje, uvala, doline, low plateau, are engaged in settlement and agriculture. Here; the rules of natural factors should be prioritized and land use plans should be made to adapt to this.","PeriodicalId":13763,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Research","volume":"161 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77097335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56293/ijasr.2022.5479
Yasser M Alharbi
Assessment and monitoring of health and working conditions in the workplace is an important issue. Human health, safety and productivity are not only greatly affected by health and working conditions, but the equipment, machinery and materials in those environments can be affected in ways that lead to degradation. This paper presents a way to use artificial intelligence in developing a novel entity index for assessing and monitoring workplace health and conditions of use in intelligent buildings. Based on fuzzy logic, two algorithms were developed to determine the relationships and dependencies between various immediate environmental indicators and underlying environmental variables, to account for these relationships and trends, and finally to represent the indicator values for temperature, health and working conditions. A table was developed with temperature ranges and the effects on occupancy experience within those ranges. The current environmental indicators used in the previously unambiguous algorithm to generate new index values are apparent temperature (air cooling coefficient, wet bulb temperature and heat index), temperature and humidity index, discomfort index, warmth, comfort, and heat capacity. Based on Fuzzy logic, the environment variables of the algorithm are ambient temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity. After developing a complete system model using MATLAB/Simulink, further testing and evaluating the algorithm design, a model was created containing all indexed sub models, fuzzy sub model algorithms, input blocks, and data visualizations.
{"title":"A Novel Unified Environmental Quality Control Index based on AI Towards Smart building Optimization","authors":"Yasser M Alharbi","doi":"10.56293/ijasr.2022.5479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56293/ijasr.2022.5479","url":null,"abstract":"Assessment and monitoring of health and working conditions in the workplace is an important issue. Human health, safety and productivity are not only greatly affected by health and working conditions, but the equipment, machinery and materials in those environments can be affected in ways that lead to degradation. This paper presents a way to use artificial intelligence in developing a novel entity index for assessing and monitoring workplace health and conditions of use in intelligent buildings. Based on fuzzy logic, two algorithms were developed to determine the relationships and dependencies between various immediate environmental indicators and underlying environmental variables, to account for these relationships and trends, and finally to represent the indicator values for temperature, health and working conditions. A table was developed with temperature ranges and the effects on occupancy experience within those ranges. The current environmental indicators used in the previously unambiguous algorithm to generate new index values are apparent temperature (air cooling coefficient, wet bulb temperature and heat index), temperature and humidity index, discomfort index, warmth, comfort, and heat capacity. Based on Fuzzy logic, the environment variables of the algorithm are ambient temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity. After developing a complete system model using MATLAB/Simulink, further testing and evaluating the algorithm design, a model was created containing all indexed sub models, fuzzy sub model algorithms, input blocks, and data visualizations.","PeriodicalId":13763,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Research","volume":"503 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76392647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56293/ijasr.2022.5465
D. Dlamini, Professor Zeleke Worku, Professor Mammo Muchie
The South African public sector has been performing poorly on service delivery, threatening the nation’s social and economic well-being. This article aims to answer the question of how the South African public sector can improve service delivery performance.
{"title":"Improving service delivery in the South African Public Sector","authors":"D. Dlamini, Professor Zeleke Worku, Professor Mammo Muchie","doi":"10.56293/ijasr.2022.5465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56293/ijasr.2022.5465","url":null,"abstract":"The South African public sector has been performing poorly on service delivery, threatening the nation’s social and economic well-being. This article aims to answer the question of how the South African public sector can improve service delivery performance.","PeriodicalId":13763,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87820351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56293/ijasr.2022.5450
Zhaoming Li, DianshuangXu
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of mild hypothermia combined with edaravone in the treatment of craniocerebral injury. Methods: Databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Medline, WebofScience, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang Database were searched from the dateof their establishmentto October 2021, toaccessclinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of mild hypothermia combined with edaravonefor craniocerebral injury.Ameta-analysis was then conducted byusing RevMan 5.4.1software programs.Results:A total of 14 RCTs including 1166 patients were included. The results of the metaanalysis were as followed, combination group compared with the control group, can reduce the degree of brain edema [RR=1.94,95%CI=(1.59, 2.36)] and improve the recovery of patients with craniocerebral injury from coma [MD=-0.74,95%CI=(-0.81,-0.67)].Effectively reduce the degree of postoperative neurologic deficits [MD = 4.41, 95% CI = (3.65, 5.18)], patient quality of life improved after discharge [MD = 0.74, 95% CI = (0.81, 0.67)].Conclusion:Mild hypothermia combined with edaravonehas efficacy in the treatment of the craniocerebral injury.It helps to reduce the degree of brain edema and improve the prognosis of patients with craniocerebral injuries.
本荟萃分析的目的是评价亚低温联合依达拉奉治疗颅脑损伤的疗效。方法:检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、Medline、WebofScience、中国知网(CNKI)、维普网(VIP)、万方数据库自其建立之日起至2021年10月的数据库，获取亚低温联合依达拉曲尼治疗颅脑损伤的临床随机对照试验(RCTs)。采用RevMan 5.4.1软件程序进行meta分析。结果:共纳入14项rct，共1166例患者。荟萃分析结果如下，联合组与对照组相比，可降低脑水肿程度[RR=1.94,95%CI=(1.59, 2.36)]，提高颅脑损伤患者从昏迷状态中恢复[MD=-0.74,95%CI=(-0.81，-0.67)]。有效减轻术后神经功能缺损程度[MD = 4.41, 95% CI =(3.65, 5.18)]，患者出院后生活质量得到改善[MD = 0.74, 95% CI =(0.81, 0.67)]。结论:亚低温联合依达拉奉治疗颅脑损伤有较好的疗效。有助于减轻脑水肿程度，改善颅脑损伤患者预后。
{"title":"The efficacy of mild hypothermia combined with edaravone in the treatment of craniocerebral injury：A meta-analysis","authors":"Zhaoming Li, DianshuangXu","doi":"10.56293/ijasr.2022.5450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56293/ijasr.2022.5450","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of mild hypothermia combined with edaravone in the treatment of craniocerebral injury. Methods: Databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Medline, WebofScience, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang Database were searched from the dateof their establishmentto October 2021, toaccessclinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of mild hypothermia combined with edaravonefor craniocerebral injury.Ameta-analysis was then conducted byusing RevMan 5.4.1software programs.Results:A total of 14 RCTs including 1166 patients were included. The results of the metaanalysis were as followed, combination group compared with the control group, can reduce the degree of brain edema [RR=1.94,95%CI=(1.59, 2.36)] and improve the recovery of patients with craniocerebral injury from coma [MD=-0.74,95%CI=(-0.81,-0.67)].Effectively reduce the degree of postoperative neurologic deficits [MD = 4.41, 95% CI = (3.65, 5.18)], patient quality of life improved after discharge [MD = 0.74, 95% CI = (0.81, 0.67)].Conclusion:Mild hypothermia combined with edaravonehas efficacy in the treatment of the craniocerebral injury.It helps to reduce the degree of brain edema and improve the prognosis of patients with craniocerebral injuries.","PeriodicalId":13763,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86553504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56293/ijasr.2022.5487
Simbi-Wellington W. S., Abere S. A, Onuchukwu N. C.
This study was carried out in Odual Clan in Abua/Odual local government area of Rivers State, Nigeria, to determine the effect of deforestation on air quality and wildlife. Three air pollutants were measured at the study sites (CO2, CH4, PM) It was observed that the mean concentrations of CO2 (970.5000000ppm, 548.1250000ppm, 690.2500000ppm) in all the study sites were above the permissible limits by WHO. The mean concentration of Pm7 (17.6250 µg/m3) in the deforested area was significantly higher than those of the control (7.1250 µg/m3) and the residential area (11.2500 µg/m3). The mean concentration of PM10 ranges from 9.2500 µg/m3 to 21.1250 µg/m3 with the deforested area having the highest concentration. T-test revealed a significant difference in the mean concentration of TSP with the deforested area having the highest concentration of 24.5000 µg/m3. Results (68% of respondents) also revealed that there is a loss of wildlife species. The causes of degradation according to the results obtained are chain sawing, illegal farming, over exploitation and illegal mining; 36%, 2%, 26% and 6% respectively
{"title":"AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND WILDLIFE INCIDENCE AROUND A MAJOR DEFORESTATION SITE IN ODUAL CLAN OF RIVERS STATE","authors":"Simbi-Wellington W. S., Abere S. A, Onuchukwu N. C.","doi":"10.56293/ijasr.2022.5487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56293/ijasr.2022.5487","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out in Odual Clan in Abua/Odual local government area of Rivers State, Nigeria, to determine the effect of deforestation on air quality and wildlife. Three air pollutants were measured at the study sites (CO2, CH4, PM) It was observed that the mean concentrations of CO2 (970.5000000ppm, 548.1250000ppm, 690.2500000ppm) in all the study sites were above the permissible limits by WHO. The mean concentration of Pm7 (17.6250 µg/m3) in the deforested area was significantly higher than those of the control (7.1250 µg/m3) and the residential area (11.2500 µg/m3). The mean concentration of PM10 ranges from 9.2500 µg/m3 to 21.1250 µg/m3 with the deforested area having the highest concentration. T-test revealed a significant difference in the mean concentration of TSP with the deforested area having the highest concentration of 24.5000 µg/m3. Results (68% of respondents) also revealed that there is a loss of wildlife species. The causes of degradation according to the results obtained are chain sawing, illegal farming, over exploitation and illegal mining; 36%, 2%, 26% and 6% respectively","PeriodicalId":13763,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Research","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89926606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56293/ijasr.2022.5414
B. Guta
The main purpose of this study was to assess the relation of socio-demographic characteristics of teachers based on eight dimensions of wellness at Nekemte College of teacher education. The study participants were 52(50 males and 2 females) selected using purposive random sampling techniques. The study employed a descriptive survey research approach via qualitative research methods. The study instrument was questionnaires in which ten items were set for every eight dimensions of wellness incorporating four Likert scale options. The results of the study computed using an independent sample t-test revealed that natural science(M=2.377, SD=0.558) and social science (M = 2.299, S.D. = .624),P>.05, Df=50), males (M =2.351, SD =0.384), and females (M = 2.255, SD=.303, P>.05, Df=50 ), and data calculate using One way of ANOVA indicated that the test scores between three groups; age (F=≥.014≤1.217, P=>.05), level of education (F=≥.027≤1.459, P>.05), Length of experiences in teaching (F=≥.054≤1.459, P>.05) supposes to each component of eight dimensions of wellness for teachers, there was no a statistically significant difference respectively. The prediction model was statistically significant, P<.001, R2value of 0.677 indicates that 67.70% of the proportion of variance in the dependent variable explained by the independent variables. From the result, the researcher concluded that there was no statistical significance between groups concerning socio-demographic characteristics based on eight dimensions of wellness for teachers. Finally, the researcher forwards the recommendation thinking as the solution to intensify wellness programs with different activities/unique strategies that satisfy the teachers to be happy and have a healthy lifestyle in their working place, family, and community.
{"title":"Dimensions of wellness and Socio-demographic Characteristics of Teachers at Nekemte College of Teacher Education","authors":"B. Guta","doi":"10.56293/ijasr.2022.5414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56293/ijasr.2022.5414","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this study was to assess the relation of socio-demographic characteristics of teachers based on eight dimensions of wellness at Nekemte College of teacher education. The study participants were 52(50 males and 2 females) selected using purposive random sampling techniques. The study employed a descriptive survey research approach via qualitative research methods. The study instrument was questionnaires in which ten items were set for every eight dimensions of wellness incorporating four Likert scale options. The results of the study computed using an independent sample t-test revealed that natural science(M=2.377, SD=0.558) and social science (M = 2.299, S.D. = .624),P>.05, Df=50), males (M =2.351, SD =0.384), and females (M = 2.255, SD=.303, P>.05, Df=50 ), and data calculate using One way of ANOVA indicated that the test scores between three groups; age (F=≥.014≤1.217, P=>.05), level of education (F=≥.027≤1.459, P>.05), Length of experiences in teaching (F=≥.054≤1.459, P>.05) supposes to each component of eight dimensions of wellness for teachers, there was no a statistically significant difference respectively. The prediction model was statistically significant, P<.001, R2value of 0.677 indicates that 67.70% of the proportion of variance in the dependent variable explained by the independent variables. From the result, the researcher concluded that there was no statistical significance between groups concerning socio-demographic characteristics based on eight dimensions of wellness for teachers. Finally, the researcher forwards the recommendation thinking as the solution to intensify wellness programs with different activities/unique strategies that satisfy the teachers to be happy and have a healthy lifestyle in their working place, family, and community.","PeriodicalId":13763,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88103408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56293/ijasr.2022.5489
Anthony, Péter, R. A. Abdul Majid, Nor Izura Binti Tukiman
Most people inhabiting or owning houses in flood-prone areas do not have a prior idea of the situation of the site. The type of flood determines the causes and effects of flooding. It is, therefore, necessary to understand the causes and consequences of flooding in our sites. Both the developer and homeowners after having an in-depth idea of the situation and especially the impact of a particular flood will from the onset decide on whether to go on with the intended idea of development or seek an alternative area. The decision of choices would be taken based on the flood's known effects, causes and professional evaluation. The purpose of this study was to look into the five types of floods alongside their features, and decisions to be taken after evaluation. The scope of the study was to assess the condition of sites regarding floods and a subsequent decision arrived before starting any construction. Data was gathered using the review approach: Books and articles. The knowledge acquired would be relevant in the decision of the end-users or developer to either start construction or abandon the site. In situations where the choice is to start development, further education would be needed on resilience to the specific flood type found in the location. The impact of the study reveals that an estimated cost, time, emotional worries, and resilience techniques would be disclosed before the start of any construction for early decision. However, if the disadvantage of starting the project outweighs the advantages, the best decision is to avoid the site and not start the work
{"title":"A review of decision-making for pre floods resilience in housing","authors":"Anthony, Péter, R. A. Abdul Majid, Nor Izura Binti Tukiman","doi":"10.56293/ijasr.2022.5489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56293/ijasr.2022.5489","url":null,"abstract":"Most people inhabiting or owning houses in flood-prone areas do not have a prior idea of the situation of the site. The type of flood determines the causes and effects of flooding. It is, therefore, necessary to understand the causes and consequences of flooding in our sites. Both the developer and homeowners after having an in-depth idea of the situation and especially the impact of a particular flood will from the onset decide on whether to go on with the intended idea of development or seek an alternative area. The decision of choices would be taken based on the flood's known effects, causes and professional evaluation. The purpose of this study was to look into the five types of floods alongside their features, and decisions to be taken after evaluation. The scope of the study was to assess the condition of sites regarding floods and a subsequent decision arrived before starting any construction. Data was gathered using the review approach: Books and articles. The knowledge acquired would be relevant in the decision of the end-users or developer to either start construction or abandon the site. In situations where the choice is to start development, further education would be needed on resilience to the specific flood type found in the location. The impact of the study reveals that an estimated cost, time, emotional worries, and resilience techniques would be disclosed before the start of any construction for early decision. However, if the disadvantage of starting the project outweighs the advantages, the best decision is to avoid the site and not start the work","PeriodicalId":13763,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Research","volume":"57 12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83559077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56293/ijasr.2022.5428
Enteisar Albrasia, Fathia Mohhammed Essa Albrasi
The sun's light is an unewable, renewable source of energy that is unaffected by environmental factors like noise and pollution. It is easily obtainable from the Earth's petroleum resources, natural gas, and other nonrenewable energy sources like coal. There were several stages of evolution in the composition of solar cells from one generation to the next. The silicon used in the early solar cells was largely produced as single crystals on silicon chips. Furthermore, advances in thin films the dye and organic solar cells improved the cell's efficiency. The inability to choose the best solar cell for a particular place is essentially what prevents advancement
{"title":"Solar cells and their use","authors":"Enteisar Albrasia, Fathia Mohhammed Essa Albrasi","doi":"10.56293/ijasr.2022.5428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56293/ijasr.2022.5428","url":null,"abstract":"The sun's light is an unewable, renewable source of energy that is unaffected by environmental factors like noise and pollution. It is easily obtainable from the Earth's petroleum resources, natural gas, and other nonrenewable energy sources like coal. There were several stages of evolution in the composition of solar cells from one generation to the next. The silicon used in the early solar cells was largely produced as single crystals on silicon chips. Furthermore, advances in thin films the dye and organic solar cells improved the cell's efficiency. The inability to choose the best solar cell for a particular place is essentially what prevents advancement","PeriodicalId":13763,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Research","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86891781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56293/ijasr.2022.5438
Whyte Asukwo Akpan, Usunguruag Enefiok Okon, E. J. Awaka-Ama
Sound proof generating sets are normally associated with higher power output and it is costly. This is not commonly found in small generating sets as there are often acquired by low income earners and yet they desire the some comfort. This research focuses on the development of a new composite muffler for small generating sets. The design combined the principles of reactive and active noise reduction approach. The newly designed muffler was compared with an existing design and its performance evaluated. Performance tests show an improvement in terms of insertion loss and transmission loss and a reduction in back pressure build-up in the generating set. The average overall efficiency of the existing muffler is 43.28% whereas that of the newly designed composite muffler is 55.83%.The designed composite muffler provides the gasoline generating set with an additional noise reduction (attenuation) of 17.33 dB, reduced back pressure build-up of 3.6 kPa and improvement of 12.09% overall engine efficiency.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPOSITE NOISE MUFFLER FOR SMALL GENERATING SETS","authors":"Whyte Asukwo Akpan, Usunguruag Enefiok Okon, E. J. Awaka-Ama","doi":"10.56293/ijasr.2022.5438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56293/ijasr.2022.5438","url":null,"abstract":"Sound proof generating sets are normally associated with higher power output and it is costly. This is not commonly found in small generating sets as there are often acquired by low income earners and yet they desire the some comfort. This research focuses on the development of a new composite muffler for small generating sets. The design combined the principles of reactive and active noise reduction approach. The newly designed muffler was compared with an existing design and its performance evaluated. Performance tests show an improvement in terms of insertion loss and transmission loss and a reduction in back pressure build-up in the generating set. The average overall efficiency of the existing muffler is 43.28% whereas that of the newly designed composite muffler is 55.83%.The designed composite muffler provides the gasoline generating set with an additional noise reduction (attenuation) of 17.33 dB, reduced back pressure build-up of 3.6 kPa and improvement of 12.09% overall engine efficiency.","PeriodicalId":13763,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Research","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89121114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56293/ijasr.2022.5512
Magdi H Saad, A. Bashal
We have performed systematic contactless measurements aiming at the determination of the electrical impedance of an oil-water interface. The oil-water interface was formed within an insulin syringe tube due to the oil hydrophobicity. The measurement AC signal (0.1-300 kHz at 0.1 V) was capacitively coupled to the oil-water system through the syringe wall. The interface resistivity was estimated at ~2109m(assuming the interface as a slip layer with width ~ 10 nm) and was associated with hydroxide (OH–) ions, agreeing with existing reports. The resistivity was found to be independent on the signal frequency, which may indicate the nonpolarized nature of the hydrophobic interface. The present impedance spectroscopy is important for hydrophobic systems and may give an insight into the future nondestructive (contactless) investigation of the electrical properties of the lipid layer in the living cell membrane.
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