Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.13
E. Ibrahim, A. Wahab, H. Abdalla, M. Rahman, Ahmed M. El Naim
Set of sixteen guar genotypes was evaluated under rain-fed conditions at Kazgeil, Northren Kordofan State, Sudan in 1998/99 season, using a four x four triple partially balanced lattice design. Data recorded at were used for parti- tioning the genotypic correlations between seed yield and five of its components into direct and indirect effects. Moreover, different selection indices were constructed using different combinations of these characters. The path analysis showed that number of pods/plant had the highest positive direct effect (2.653) on seed yield/plant followed by number of seeds per pod. On the other hand number of fruiting nodes/main stem exerted the highest negative direct effect (-1.383) on seed yield/plant. The selection index involving single trait viz.1000 seed weight gave the minimum expected genetic advance (0.6) and rela- tive efficiency (83.33%). However, the index involving all the six traits exhibited the highest expected genetic advance (2.03) and the maximum relative efficiency (281.94%).The two trait selection index of number of pods/plant and 1000-seed weight scored the relative efficiency of 138.89% which is equal to the relative efficiency of the individual trait index of number of reproductive branches/plant.
{"title":"Path Coefficient and Selection Indices in Sixteen Guar (Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba L.) Genotypes Under Rain-fed","authors":"E. Ibrahim, A. Wahab, H. Abdalla, M. Rahman, Ahmed M. El Naim","doi":"10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.13","url":null,"abstract":"Set of sixteen guar genotypes was evaluated under rain-fed conditions at Kazgeil, Northren Kordofan State, Sudan in 1998/99 season, using a four x four triple partially balanced lattice design. Data recorded at were used for parti- tioning the genotypic correlations between seed yield and five of its components into direct and indirect effects. Moreover, different selection indices were constructed using different combinations of these characters. The path analysis showed that number of pods/plant had the highest positive direct effect (2.653) on seed yield/plant followed by number of seeds per pod. On the other hand number of fruiting nodes/main stem exerted the highest negative direct effect (-1.383) on seed yield/plant. The selection index involving single trait viz.1000 seed weight gave the minimum expected genetic advance (0.6) and rela- tive efficiency (83.33%). However, the index involving all the six traits exhibited the highest expected genetic advance (2.03) and the maximum relative efficiency (281.94%).The two trait selection index of number of pods/plant and 1000-seed weight scored the relative efficiency of 138.89% which is equal to the relative efficiency of the individual trait index of number of reproductive branches/plant.","PeriodicalId":13804,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"39 1","pages":"79-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87206163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.5923/J.IJAF.20120204.06
A. Christoforo, F. Lahr, E. Morales, T. Panzera, P. H. Borges
Currently, the standard NBR 7190:1997 (Design of Wood Structures) makes no reference to any test aimed to determine the stiffness and strength of structural-sized lumber components, restricting this analysis to small and clear specimens. Methodologies proposed by international standard do not include optimum criteria in their calculation models. This study presents an alternative methodology to determine the longitudinal modulus of elasticity in Eucalyptus grandis timber beams, based on a combination between the Finite Element and the Least Square Methods. Besides the use of nu- merical methods, the modulus of elasticity was also analytically obtained by the equation presented in NBR 7190:1997, concerning the static three-point bending test, adapted to a non-destructive testing condition. Results found for the elastic modulus for the Eucalyptus grandis species showed statistical equivalence between the methodologies, which implies the reliability of using Brazilian standard for the characterization of structural components subjected to bending. However, these results cannot be extended for other woods from the same species or different species, justifying the use of the numerical calculation approach discussed in this paper.
{"title":"Numerical Evaluation of Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity of Eucalyptus g randis Timber Beams","authors":"A. Christoforo, F. Lahr, E. Morales, T. Panzera, P. H. Borges","doi":"10.5923/J.IJAF.20120204.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJAF.20120204.06","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the standard NBR 7190:1997 (Design of Wood Structures) makes no reference to any test aimed to determine the stiffness and strength of structural-sized lumber components, restricting this analysis to small and clear specimens. Methodologies proposed by international standard do not include optimum criteria in their calculation models. This study presents an alternative methodology to determine the longitudinal modulus of elasticity in Eucalyptus grandis timber beams, based on a combination between the Finite Element and the Least Square Methods. Besides the use of nu- merical methods, the modulus of elasticity was also analytically obtained by the equation presented in NBR 7190:1997, concerning the static three-point bending test, adapted to a non-destructive testing condition. Results found for the elastic modulus for the Eucalyptus grandis species showed statistical equivalence between the methodologies, which implies the reliability of using Brazilian standard for the characterization of structural components subjected to bending. However, these results cannot be extended for other woods from the same species or different species, justifying the use of the numerical calculation approach discussed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":13804,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"32 1","pages":"166-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75743031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.5923/J.IJAF.20120204.07
S. Raman, Dina Ermias Dagne, N. Malpathak, W. Gade
The present work has been undertaken to study the in vitro response in widely used cultivars WesternHB-55, TAG 24 and SB11 of peanut having desired agronomic characteristics. The mature embryo derived leaflet explants of all three peanut genotypes were found morphogenic in vitro. When comparing the effects of TDZ and BA with respect to cau- logenic response, it can be inferred that TDZ is a more potent inducer of caulogenesis in vitro than BA. All genotypes re- sponded equally to different concentrations of BA. WesternHB-55 responded better than others which results in high pro- liferation rate in vitro. The present study emphasizes on the usage of WesternHB-55 germplasm through adventitious or- ganogenesis pathway in transformation studies (biolistic gun approach), for the production of proteins, vaccines enzymes etc.
{"title":"Evaluation of Indian Peanut on the Induction of Caulogenic Buds i n Vitro","authors":"S. Raman, Dina Ermias Dagne, N. Malpathak, W. Gade","doi":"10.5923/J.IJAF.20120204.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJAF.20120204.07","url":null,"abstract":"The present work has been undertaken to study the in vitro response in widely used cultivars WesternHB-55, TAG 24 and SB11 of peanut having desired agronomic characteristics. The mature embryo derived leaflet explants of all three peanut genotypes were found morphogenic in vitro. When comparing the effects of TDZ and BA with respect to cau- logenic response, it can be inferred that TDZ is a more potent inducer of caulogenesis in vitro than BA. All genotypes re- sponded equally to different concentrations of BA. WesternHB-55 responded better than others which results in high pro- liferation rate in vitro. The present study emphasizes on the usage of WesternHB-55 germplasm through adventitious or- ganogenesis pathway in transformation studies (biolistic gun approach), for the production of proteins, vaccines enzymes etc.","PeriodicalId":13804,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"16 1","pages":"171-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80766224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.07
O. R. Adeniyi
A cost minimization linear programming model was used to select some locally available feeding stuff as sub- stitute for the conventional infant foods. The use of 58% white maize; 41% groundnuts and 1% Soyabean meals was optimum in formulating a good substitute for the conventional infant food based on the data available in Nigeria. At an estimated cost of ₦399.25 per pack of 450 gramme weight, the formulation was more than four times cheaper than the least priced com- monly marketed tinned baby foods on- shelf in Nigeria. Sensitivity analysis of the linear programming solution on input costs and industry standards indicated that a good quality infant food substitute can be compounded at minimum costs while sourcing the needed proteins and other ingredients from plant origin. This result is important in view of the relative abun- dance of cheap local grain legumes in the study area. It is also in favour of the Federal Government policy which encourages patronage and use of local produce.
{"title":"Cost and Quality Optimization of a Weaning Diet from Plant Protein, Corn Flour and Groundnut Using a Computer-aided Linear Programming Model","authors":"O. R. Adeniyi","doi":"10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.07","url":null,"abstract":"A cost minimization linear programming model was used to select some locally available feeding stuff as sub- stitute for the conventional infant foods. The use of 58% white maize; 41% groundnuts and 1% Soyabean meals was optimum in formulating a good substitute for the conventional infant food based on the data available in Nigeria. At an estimated cost of ₦399.25 per pack of 450 gramme weight, the formulation was more than four times cheaper than the least priced com- monly marketed tinned baby foods on- shelf in Nigeria. Sensitivity analysis of the linear programming solution on input costs and industry standards indicated that a good quality infant food substitute can be compounded at minimum costs while sourcing the needed proteins and other ingredients from plant origin. This result is important in view of the relative abun- dance of cheap local grain legumes in the study area. It is also in favour of the Federal Government policy which encourages patronage and use of local produce.","PeriodicalId":13804,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"12 1","pages":"41-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73112277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.5923/J.IJAF.20110101.01
D. Masseroni, C. Corbari, M. Mancini
This paper has as main objective to show the effect of the representative source area for eddy covariance measurements (called footprint) on energy balance closure. Energy balance closure was evaluated by a statistical regression of turbulent energy fluxes (sensible and latent heat) against available energy (net radiation and soil ground heat flux). The footprint was calculated using an approximate analytical model based on a combination of Lagrangian stochastic dispersion model and dimensional analysis. The data were measured by two eddy covariance towers located on maize fields in Landriano (PV) and Livraga (LO) at the Po Valley, Italy. The main results obtained using only the flux data which have a source area included into the cultivated field shows that there is a slight improvement on the energy balance closure. The stability conditions of the atmosphere plays a fundamental role on the slope of the linear regression and on footprint size, in particular way, it is shown when the energy balance closure is analysed for different sectors of the field in function of the wind directions.
{"title":"Effect of the Representative Source Area for Eddy Covariance Measuraments on Energy Balance Closure for Maize Fields in the Po Valley, Italy","authors":"D. Masseroni, C. Corbari, M. Mancini","doi":"10.5923/J.IJAF.20110101.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJAF.20110101.01","url":null,"abstract":"This paper has as main objective to show the effect of the representative source area for eddy covariance measurements (called footprint) on energy balance closure. Energy balance closure was evaluated by a statistical regression of turbulent energy fluxes (sensible and latent heat) against available energy (net radiation and soil ground heat flux). The footprint was calculated using an approximate analytical model based on a combination of Lagrangian stochastic dispersion model and dimensional analysis. The data were measured by two eddy covariance towers located on maize fields in Landriano (PV) and Livraga (LO) at the Po Valley, Italy. The main results obtained using only the flux data which have a source area included into the cultivated field shows that there is a slight improvement on the energy balance closure. The stability conditions of the atmosphere plays a fundamental role on the slope of the linear regression and on footprint size, in particular way, it is shown when the energy balance closure is analysed for different sectors of the field in function of the wind directions.","PeriodicalId":13804,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"68 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81419030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The traditional land tenure system in Nigeria coupled with increasing population encourages land fragmenta- tion with attendant consequences for agricultural productivity and commercialization. This study quantified the degree of land fragmentation and its consequences on arable food production. The study makes use of data from 125 farm households spread across the 12 communities in Umuahia-North Local Government Area (LGA) of Abia State, Nigeria. Using Janusezwski index, the study quantified the degree of land fragmentation. The Cobb-Douglas (CD) and the Generalized Linear Model (GLM) were used in exploring the impact of land fragmentation on arable crop productivity. The mean fragmentation index is 0.55 with a variance of 0.02. The average farm size cultivated is 2.68 hectares. Majority of the households (71 percent) clustered around the mean fragmentation index. The results of the CD and GLM show the negative impact of land fragmentation on agricultural productivity. Labour in the CD model remained the single most important factor of increasing productivity. The GLM show that cultivating farms further away from the homestead will lead to higher pro- ductivity. The study recommends cooperative farming to enable the farmers to adopt productivity improving farm tech- nologies.
{"title":"Exploring the Link between Land Fragmentation and Agricultural Productivity","authors":"Okezie Chukwukere Austin, Ahuchuogu Chijindu Ulunma, Jamalludin Sulaiman","doi":"10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.05","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional land tenure system in Nigeria coupled with increasing population encourages land fragmenta- tion with attendant consequences for agricultural productivity and commercialization. This study quantified the degree of land fragmentation and its consequences on arable food production. The study makes use of data from 125 farm households spread across the 12 communities in Umuahia-North Local Government Area (LGA) of Abia State, Nigeria. Using Janusezwski index, the study quantified the degree of land fragmentation. The Cobb-Douglas (CD) and the Generalized Linear Model (GLM) were used in exploring the impact of land fragmentation on arable crop productivity. The mean fragmentation index is 0.55 with a variance of 0.02. The average farm size cultivated is 2.68 hectares. Majority of the households (71 percent) clustered around the mean fragmentation index. The results of the CD and GLM show the negative impact of land fragmentation on agricultural productivity. Labour in the CD model remained the single most important factor of increasing productivity. The GLM show that cultivating farms further away from the homestead will lead to higher pro- ductivity. The study recommends cooperative farming to enable the farmers to adopt productivity improving farm tech- nologies.","PeriodicalId":13804,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"65 1","pages":"30-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83053897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.06
F. Nimoh, E. K. Tham-Agyekum, Philip Kwaku Nyarko
This study was conducted to determine the efficiency of resource use in rice production with the Kpong Irri- gation Project (KIP) as a case study. Seventy farmers were selected using the simple random sampling technique. The Cobb-Douglass production function was used to estimate the coefficients of the various variables analysed and MPP, MVP and allocative efficiency index were also used to estimate the efficiency of resource use in the study area. The regression results showed that the farmers were in the second stage of production, which is, decreasing returns to scale (using the elas- ticities). The results of the efficiency computation indicated that land (6.63), fertilizer (1.76) and seed (10.84) were being underutilized and labour (0.000036) and chemicals were being highly over utilized in the study area. The study recom- mends that KIP should embark on repair works on the roads, provide appropriate machinery services and desilting the drains.
{"title":"Resource Use Efficiency in Rice Production: the Case of Kpong Irrigation Project in the Dangme West District of Ghana","authors":"F. Nimoh, E. K. Tham-Agyekum, Philip Kwaku Nyarko","doi":"10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.06","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the efficiency of resource use in rice production with the Kpong Irri- gation Project (KIP) as a case study. Seventy farmers were selected using the simple random sampling technique. The Cobb-Douglass production function was used to estimate the coefficients of the various variables analysed and MPP, MVP and allocative efficiency index were also used to estimate the efficiency of resource use in the study area. The regression results showed that the farmers were in the second stage of production, which is, decreasing returns to scale (using the elas- ticities). The results of the efficiency computation indicated that land (6.63), fertilizer (1.76) and seed (10.84) were being underutilized and labour (0.000036) and chemicals were being highly over utilized in the study area. The study recom- mends that KIP should embark on repair works on the roads, provide appropriate machinery services and desilting the drains.","PeriodicalId":13804,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"79 1","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81117126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.02
V. Okoro, U. Ogundu, I. Okoli, G. Anyanwu, J. Chikaire, A. Raji, C. Maduka
Data from one hundred and seventy eight (178) kittens generated from 21 does mated to 7 stud bucks resulting in 34 kindling were used to estimate the heritability due to sire and repeatability for birth, weaning and post weaning litter weight traits of unselected non-descript rabbits reared in FUTO teaching and research farm. Traits such as litter weight at birth (LWB), at weaning i.e. 21d (LWW), 42d (LW42), 56d (LW56) were studied. A repeatability single trait animal model was used to analyze the data Estimates of Sire heritability for LWB, LWW, LW42 and LW56 were 0.34±0.41, 0.79±0.632, 0.91±1.20 and 0.62±0.542 while repeatability estimate were 0.034±0.243, -0.130±0.197, 0.003±0.236 and 0.008±0.238 respectively. These estimates indicate a moderate to high heritability while the repeatability indicates generally low estimates. This implies that selection of this non-descript population of rabbits for LWW, LW42 and LW56 could be efficient in im- proving these traits in the population, while the repeatability of these traits being very low, suggests that the likelihood to repeat these records is low.
{"title":"Estimation of Heritability and Repeatability for Pre-Weaning and Post Weaning Litter Weights of Unselected Domestic Rabbits in South Eastern Nigeria","authors":"V. Okoro, U. Ogundu, I. Okoli, G. Anyanwu, J. Chikaire, A. Raji, C. Maduka","doi":"10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJAF.20120201.02","url":null,"abstract":"Data from one hundred and seventy eight (178) kittens generated from 21 does mated to 7 stud bucks resulting in 34 kindling were used to estimate the heritability due to sire and repeatability for birth, weaning and post weaning litter weight traits of unselected non-descript rabbits reared in FUTO teaching and research farm. Traits such as litter weight at birth (LWB), at weaning i.e. 21d (LWW), 42d (LW42), 56d (LW56) were studied. A repeatability single trait animal model was used to analyze the data Estimates of Sire heritability for LWB, LWW, LW42 and LW56 were 0.34±0.41, 0.79±0.632, 0.91±1.20 and 0.62±0.542 while repeatability estimate were 0.034±0.243, -0.130±0.197, 0.003±0.236 and 0.008±0.238 respectively. These estimates indicate a moderate to high heritability while the repeatability indicates generally low estimates. This implies that selection of this non-descript population of rabbits for LWW, LW42 and LW56 could be efficient in im- proving these traits in the population, while the repeatability of these traits being very low, suggests that the likelihood to repeat these records is low.","PeriodicalId":13804,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"18 1","pages":"7-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80047798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.5923/J.IJAF.20110101.03
M. Gupta, Satinder Dev Sharma
Sequestration of atmospheric CO2 in the soil, as stable soil organic matter, provides a long lasting solution to decrease the CO2 in the atmosphere. The soil organic carbon pool was estimated in forests, tree plantations, horticulture and grasslands in the Garhwal area of Himalayan region which has wide variety of land uses and land cover. The forestry spe- cies included Shorea robusta, Cedrus deodara, Quercus leucotrichophora, Pinus roxburghii, Picea smithiana & Abies pin- drow, Pinus wallichiana and Miscellaneous species. Pyrus malus, Psidium guava, Mangifera indica, Citrus spp. and Lichee chinensis were the major fruit crops and the tree plantations comprised of Eucalyptus spp., Tectona grandis, Dalbergia sis- soo and Pinus roxburghii. SOC pool was the maximum in the forest lands followed by grass lands, orchards and plantation areas. Differences in SOC pool under different land uses were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The forests had 15.84 mil- lion tons (78.49 t ha -1 ) soil organic carbon pool in this region and P. smithiana & A. pindrow forests had higher mitigation potential as they can store more than double SOC pool as compared to S. robusta. The soils under orchards contained 1.40 million tons SOC pool which is 13.05% of the total SOC pool of the orchards of Uttarakhand state. P. malus had the miti- gation potential of 2.71 which indicates that it can have more than double SOC pool as compared to P. guava. SOC Pool in the grasslands was 75.76 t ha
大气中的CO2作为稳定的土壤有机质，在土壤中的封存为减少大气中的CO2提供了一种持久的解决方案。对喜马拉雅地区加尔瓦尔地区的森林、人工林、园林业和草地土壤有机碳库进行了估算。森林树种主要有杉木、雪松、白骨松、刺木松、云杉和冷杉、白骨松和杂种。果品作物以梨、番石榴、芒果、柑橘和荔枝为主，人工林以桉树、大木、黄檀和刺梨为主。土壤有机碳库以林地最大，草地次之，果园次之，人工林次之。不同土地利用方式土壤有机碳储量差异有统计学意义(p < 0.05)。该地区的土壤有机碳库为1584万吨(78.49 tha -1)，其中史密斯和黄针林的土壤有机碳库是罗布塔的两倍以上，具有更高的缓解潜力。果园土壤有机碳库140万吨，占北阿坎德邦果园土壤有机碳库总量的13.05%。苹果的土壤有机碳缓释潜势为2.71，表明其有机碳库是番石榴的两倍以上。草地有机碳库为75.76 t ha
{"title":"Sequestrated Carbon: Organic Carbon Pool in the Soils under Different Forest Covers and Land Uses in Garhwal Himalayan Region of India","authors":"M. Gupta, Satinder Dev Sharma","doi":"10.5923/J.IJAF.20110101.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJAF.20110101.03","url":null,"abstract":"Sequestration of atmospheric CO2 in the soil, as stable soil organic matter, provides a long lasting solution to decrease the CO2 in the atmosphere. The soil organic carbon pool was estimated in forests, tree plantations, horticulture and grasslands in the Garhwal area of Himalayan region which has wide variety of land uses and land cover. The forestry spe- cies included Shorea robusta, Cedrus deodara, Quercus leucotrichophora, Pinus roxburghii, Picea smithiana & Abies pin- drow, Pinus wallichiana and Miscellaneous species. Pyrus malus, Psidium guava, Mangifera indica, Citrus spp. and Lichee chinensis were the major fruit crops and the tree plantations comprised of Eucalyptus spp., Tectona grandis, Dalbergia sis- soo and Pinus roxburghii. SOC pool was the maximum in the forest lands followed by grass lands, orchards and plantation areas. Differences in SOC pool under different land uses were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The forests had 15.84 mil- lion tons (78.49 t ha -1 ) soil organic carbon pool in this region and P. smithiana & A. pindrow forests had higher mitigation potential as they can store more than double SOC pool as compared to S. robusta. The soils under orchards contained 1.40 million tons SOC pool which is 13.05% of the total SOC pool of the orchards of Uttarakhand state. P. malus had the miti- gation potential of 2.71 which indicates that it can have more than double SOC pool as compared to P. guava. SOC Pool in the grasslands was 75.76 t ha","PeriodicalId":13804,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry","volume":"46 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77544905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.5923/J.IJAF.20120204.01
Agba Oliver Akongwubel, Ubi Benjamin Ewa, A. Prince, O. Jude, Akeh Martins, Odey Simon, O. Nicholas
Field studies were conducted at the Teaching and Research farm of the Cross River University of Technology, Obubra Campus, Nigeria, during the 2005 and 2006 cropping seasons to determine the agronomic performance of maize under different rates of poultry manure (PM) application. Ten rates of PM treatments consisting of 0, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 t/ha were used in this study. The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replica- tions. PM application significantly improved maize vegetative growth, biomass, yield components and grain yield. The use of 20 t/ha PM gave the highest maize plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves per plant; while the best 1000-seed weights of 273.5 and 270.7 g, as well as grain yields of 2.78 and 2.89 t/ha were obtained with the application of 18 t/ha PM in 2005 and 2006 cropping seasons, respectively. Moreover, all the evaluated traits were strongly positively correlated with each other (P < 0.0001). Our results indicated that while high rates of PM linearly improved growth attributes up to the highest rate of PM treatment (20 t/ ha), a dose of 18 t/ha applied two weeks before planting was best for maize production in the study area.
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