Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.24
Damla Yılmaz, B. Öksüz, E. Aras, Bilge ÖZDOĞAN CUMALI, Semih Nemli̇oglu
Dams and hydraulic structures are built on rivers in order to protect water resources due to global warming, to collect surface waters to provide drinking water and/or irrigation water, to prevent floods and to establish hydroelectric power plants. Dams, for example, are hydraulic structures that have more or less positive or negative environmental interactions on surface water and groundwater. One of the environmental interactions of dams and similar hydraulic structures is the seepage of accumulated water in its reservoir from upstream bottom of the dam. This seepage can affect the level and location of groundwater, reduce the accumulation of water in the reservoir, and cause piping in the ground below the construction of the dam body. In order to control the seepage, the methods of increasing the seepage length by using sheet pile and clay blanket on the dam foundation are frequently used. In this study, in the physical laboratory model, the variations in the seepage lengths that occur under the hydraulic structure section in the soil with two different grain diameters of 0.85 mm and 1.5 mm, depending on the dam structure, soil and barrier structures (sheet pile and upstream clay blanket), were experimentally investigated. As a result, it was determined that the seepage occurs less in the soil with a smaller grain diameter of 0.85 mm, the smaller the soil particle diameter has a reducing effect on the seepage, and the use of sheet pile increases this effect positively. In addition, it has been determined that the clay blanket in the upstream is effective compared to the general conditions, but the use of sheet pile provides the most efficiency.
{"title":"Experimental investigation of parametric changes in seepage time and length into the subsoil of hydraulic structures","authors":"Damla Yılmaz, B. Öksüz, E. Aras, Bilge ÖZDOĞAN CUMALI, Semih Nemli̇oglu","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.24","url":null,"abstract":"Dams and hydraulic structures are built on rivers in order to protect water resources due to global warming, to collect surface waters to provide drinking water and/or irrigation water, to prevent floods and to establish hydroelectric power plants. Dams, for example, are hydraulic structures that have more or less positive or negative environmental interactions on surface water and groundwater. One of the environmental interactions of dams and similar hydraulic structures is the seepage of accumulated water in its reservoir from upstream bottom of the dam. This seepage can affect the level and location of groundwater, reduce the accumulation of water in the reservoir, and cause piping in the ground below the construction of the dam body. In order to control the seepage, the methods of increasing the seepage length by using sheet pile and clay blanket on the dam foundation are frequently used. In this study, in the physical laboratory model, the variations in the seepage lengths that occur under the hydraulic structure section in the soil with two different grain diameters of 0.85 mm and 1.5 mm, depending on the dam structure, soil and barrier structures (sheet pile and upstream clay blanket), were experimentally investigated. As a result, it was determined that the seepage occurs less in the soil with a smaller grain diameter of 0.85 mm, the smaller the soil particle diameter has a reducing effect on the seepage, and the use of sheet pile increases this effect positively. In addition, it has been determined that the clay blanket in the upstream is effective compared to the general conditions, but the use of sheet pile provides the most efficiency.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75408768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.10
Nazan Tokatlı Demirok, M. Alpaslan, Seydi Yıkmış
Lactic acid bacteria which are important for production of fermented milk products contain may strains called Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Lactococcus and Leuconostoccus. As a result, lactic acid bacteria are called ‘milk-souring (fermenting)’ organisms. In addition to the fermentation abilities of Lactobacillus spp., it is important for aroma, texture and acid formation and comprises the most important group of lactic acid bacteria. Their critical importance comes from their metabolic capacity and probiotic features. In this research, yogurt, cheese and kefir samples were collected from cities in Turkey and used to isolate. Isolates were identified phenotypically and genotypically characterized. The probiotic features antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538, Listeria monocytogenes DSM12464, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC51299, and Salmonella Enteritidis ATCC 130762; bile and acid salt tolerance, susceptibility to chloramphenicol, erythromycin, penicillin G, gentamicin, vancomycin, streptomycin, kanamycin, and tetracycline of isolates were determined. Isolates, were identified as Lactobacillus paracasei subspecies (subsp.) paracasei, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Acetobacter ghanensis, Acetobacter fabarum, Acetobacter subsp., Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides. Some isolates were tolerant of acid and bile salt, some strains were resistant to antibiotics, and some could inhibit pathogens. In this study, isolates were determined to have probiotic features. As a result of the study, it was determined that some isolates showed probiotic properties and had strong antibacterial activity. Isolates can be use as natural alternative in infections.
{"title":"Some lactobacillus, leuconostoc and acetobacter strains in traditional turkish yoghurt, cheese, kefir samples as a probiotic candidate","authors":"Nazan Tokatlı Demirok, M. Alpaslan, Seydi Yıkmış","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"Lactic acid bacteria which are important for production of fermented milk products contain may strains called Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Lactococcus and Leuconostoccus. As a result, lactic acid bacteria are called ‘milk-souring (fermenting)’ organisms. In addition to the fermentation abilities of Lactobacillus spp., it is important for aroma, texture and acid formation and comprises the most important group of lactic acid bacteria. Their critical importance comes from their metabolic capacity and probiotic features. In this research, yogurt, cheese and kefir samples were collected from cities in Turkey and used to isolate. Isolates were identified phenotypically and genotypically characterized. The probiotic features antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538, Listeria monocytogenes DSM12464, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC51299, and Salmonella Enteritidis ATCC 130762; bile and acid salt tolerance, susceptibility to chloramphenicol, erythromycin, penicillin G, gentamicin, vancomycin, streptomycin, kanamycin, and tetracycline of isolates were determined. Isolates, were identified as Lactobacillus paracasei subspecies (subsp.) paracasei, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Acetobacter ghanensis, Acetobacter fabarum, Acetobacter subsp., Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides. Some isolates were tolerant of acid and bile salt, some strains were resistant to antibiotics, and some could inhibit pathogens. In this study, isolates were determined to have probiotic features. As a result of the study, it was determined that some isolates showed probiotic properties and had strong antibacterial activity. Isolates can be use as natural alternative in infections.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81567128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ş. Şimşek, A. Kayahan, Gamze Pekbey, G. Yilmaz, I. Karaca
In this study, the effect of methanol extracts of three different genotypes (Narlısaray, Kavacık, Maltepe) of Cannabis sativa L. on Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Aphis fabae (Scopoli) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were investigated. In the first stage of the study, 10% concentrations of each cannabis extract were applied on the 2nd and 3rd nymphal stages of aphid species by spraying method. After the end of 24 - 48 and 72 hours of the applications, the alive and dead individuals were recorded and mortality rates were determined. In the second stage, the genotype with the highest effect was used in dose-death trials and LD50 and LD90 values at different doses (2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%) were specified. In the census after 72 hours, Narlısaray genotype showed the highest mortality rate with 54.04% on D. noxia. While the effect of Kavacık genotype on M. persicae was found as 23.13%, the highest toxicity record of the same genotype was determined on A. fabae (as 91.76%). According to the dose measurement studies of Kavacık genotype on A. fabae, LD50 and LD90 values were calculated to be 0.33 and 0.110 (mg/individual), respectively. At the results of study, it has been observed that extracts of different genotypes of the industrial cannabis plant are found effective on aphid species and it is thought that they can be used in controlling of these pests.
{"title":"Effects of different industrial cannabis (Cannabis sativa (Linnaeus 1753) (Cannabaceae)) genotype extracts on Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov, 1913 Myzus persicae Sulzer, 1776 and Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 (Hemiptera: Aphididae)","authors":"Ş. Şimşek, A. Kayahan, Gamze Pekbey, G. Yilmaz, I. Karaca","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effect of methanol extracts of three different genotypes (Narlısaray, Kavacık, Maltepe) of Cannabis sativa L. on Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Aphis fabae (Scopoli) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were investigated. In the first stage of the study, 10% concentrations of each cannabis extract were applied on the 2nd and 3rd nymphal stages of aphid species by spraying method. After the end of 24 - 48 and 72 hours of the applications, the alive and dead individuals were recorded and mortality rates were determined. In the second stage, the genotype with the highest effect was used in dose-death trials and LD50 and LD90 values at different doses (2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%) were specified. In the census after 72 hours, Narlısaray genotype showed the highest mortality rate with 54.04% on D. noxia. While the effect of Kavacık genotype on M. persicae was found as 23.13%, the highest toxicity record of the same genotype was determined on A. fabae (as 91.76%). According to the dose measurement studies of Kavacık genotype on A. fabae, LD50 and LD90 values were calculated to be 0.33 and 0.110 (mg/individual), respectively. At the results of study, it has been observed that extracts of different genotypes of the industrial cannabis plant are found effective on aphid species and it is thought that they can be used in controlling of these pests.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80365383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.21
Büşra Sonkaya, H. Ünlü
In the present study, the effects of different doses of oxalic acid applications on yield and quality in lettuce cultivation were evaluated. Yedikule 5107 variety was used as plant material and four different doses of oxalic acid (0-2-4-6 mM) were applied to lettuce plants from leaves. Plant weight varied between 343.02-432.57 g/plant, plant height 28.0-30.35 cm, plant diameter 26.67-28.72 cm, leaf length 21.23-22.44 cm, root collar diameter 19.11-21.49 mm and number of leaves 47.57-55.63 per plant depending on oxalic acid doses, and the highest yield was obtained from 2 mM oxalic acid application. Total chlorophyll and total phenolic contents varied between 37.47-39.31 and 67.35-103.98 mg/100g, respectively. While the highest chlorophyll value was obtained from 2 mM oxalic acid; the highest phenolic substance value was obtained from 4 mM oxalic acid application. It was determined that L*, a*, b*, and C* values varied from 47.43 to 48.76, -17.55 to -18.26, 27.89 to 28.68, and 32.95 to 34.00 depending on applications, and the highest L* value was obtained from 2 mM oxalic acid application and the highest a*, b* and C* values were observed in 2 mM and 4 mM oxalic acid applications. The antiradical values in lettuce varied between 42.36-82.64%. At the end of the study, when all these parameters were considered, it was determined that oxalic acid applications significantly and positively affect the yield and quality of lettuce.
{"title":"Oxalic acid: an important organic acid to increase yield and quality in lettuce","authors":"Büşra Sonkaya, H. Ünlü","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.21","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, the effects of different doses of oxalic acid applications on yield and quality in lettuce cultivation were evaluated. Yedikule 5107 variety was used as plant material and four different doses of oxalic acid (0-2-4-6 mM) were applied to lettuce plants from leaves. Plant weight varied between 343.02-432.57 g/plant, plant height 28.0-30.35 cm, plant diameter 26.67-28.72 cm, leaf length 21.23-22.44 cm, root collar diameter 19.11-21.49 mm and number of leaves 47.57-55.63 per plant depending on oxalic acid doses, and the highest yield was obtained from 2 mM oxalic acid application. Total chlorophyll and total phenolic contents varied between 37.47-39.31 and 67.35-103.98 mg/100g, respectively. While the highest chlorophyll value was obtained from 2 mM oxalic acid; the highest phenolic substance value was obtained from 4 mM oxalic acid application. It was determined that L*, a*, b*, and C* values varied from 47.43 to 48.76, -17.55 to -18.26, 27.89 to 28.68, and 32.95 to 34.00 depending on applications, and the highest L* value was obtained from 2 mM oxalic acid application and the highest a*, b* and C* values were observed in 2 mM and 4 mM oxalic acid applications. The antiradical values in lettuce varied between 42.36-82.64%. At the end of the study, when all these parameters were considered, it was determined that oxalic acid applications significantly and positively affect the yield and quality of lettuce.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"300 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77340347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) are rich in nutrients and alternative therapies. Some MAPs become industrial crops that are grown around the world for their nutritional and medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between mineral nutrient content and antioxidant properties of Inula viscosa (I. viscosa) and Inula graveolens (I. graveolens) species found in the Köyceiz region of Muğla province. In this study, the antioxidant activity values of the extracts obtained were found to be the highest in methanol and acetone extracts of Inula viscosa. In contrast, the lowest in hexane extracts of Inula graveolens species. It was determined that the methanolic extract of I. viscosa had the highest 137.1 (µg PE /mg) a and the hexane extract of I. graveolens L. had the lowest 22.40 (µg PE /mg) total phenolic content. On the other hand, the mineral content of the species (macro (%): N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and micro (ppm): Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B) were also taken into consideration. As a result, it was observed by the analysis that there was a significant interaction between the antioxidant activity values of the species and their mineral nutrition. The antioxidant activities of plants are influenced by a variety of factors. The plant's activity is influenced by a number of variables, including the time of harvest (flowering, seed formation, etc.), extraction technique, solvent polarity, fresh or dry plant material, mineral nutrient content, and method. It is thought to broaden perceptions of these plants beyond their nutritional value by putting the antioxidant effects of the plant on a scientific basis. In this study, Inula graveolens L. and Inula viscosa L. demonstrated the potential of plant extracts as a readily available source of natural antioxidants, potential food additives, pharmaceuticals, and pharmaceutics.
药用和芳香植物(MAPs)具有丰富的营养和替代疗法。一些map因其营养和药用价值而成为世界各地种植的工业作物。本研究的目的是评估Muğla省Köyceiz地区发现的粘菊(I. viscosa)和扁菊(I. graveolens)种矿物营养素含量与抗氧化性能之间的关系。在本研究中，获得的提取物的抗氧化活性值在粘菊的甲醇和丙酮提取物中最高。与此相反，菊属植物的己烷提取物含量最低。结果表明，粘草醇提物总酚含量最高，为137.1(µg PE /mg) a，荆芥己烷提取物总酚含量最低，为22.40(µg PE /mg) a。另一方面，还考虑了物种的矿物含量(宏观(%):N、P、K、Ca、Mg，微观(ppm): Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、B)。结果表明，该物种的抗氧化活性值与其矿质营养之间存在显著的交互作用。植物的抗氧化活性受多种因素的影响。植物的活性受到许多变量的影响，包括收获时间(开花、种子形成等)、提取技术、溶剂极性、新鲜或干燥的植物材料、矿物质营养成分和方法。人们认为，通过将植物的抗氧化作用置于科学基础之上，拓宽了人们对这些植物的认识，使其超越了营养价值。在这项研究中，菊叶菊和粘菊证明了植物提取物作为天然抗氧化剂、潜在食品添加剂、药物和制剂的潜在来源的潜力。
{"title":"The biological activity features and mineral element analyses of some Inula L. species exhibit natural spread in Mugla (Turkiye)","authors":"Hande Kesi̇m, M. Yildiztekin","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) are rich in nutrients and alternative therapies. Some MAPs become industrial crops that are grown around the world for their nutritional and medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between mineral nutrient content and antioxidant properties of Inula viscosa (I. viscosa) and Inula graveolens (I. graveolens) species found in the Köyceiz region of Muğla province. In this study, the antioxidant activity values of the extracts obtained were found to be the highest in methanol and acetone extracts of Inula viscosa. In contrast, the lowest in hexane extracts of Inula graveolens species. It was determined that the methanolic extract of I. viscosa had the highest 137.1 (µg PE /mg) a and the hexane extract of I. graveolens L. had the lowest 22.40 (µg PE /mg) total phenolic content. On the other hand, the mineral content of the species (macro (%): N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and micro (ppm): Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B) were also taken into consideration. As a result, it was observed by the analysis that there was a significant interaction between the antioxidant activity values of the species and their mineral nutrition. The antioxidant activities of plants are influenced by a variety of factors. The plant's activity is influenced by a number of variables, including the time of harvest (flowering, seed formation, etc.), extraction technique, solvent polarity, fresh or dry plant material, mineral nutrient content, and method. It is thought to broaden perceptions of these plants beyond their nutritional value by putting the antioxidant effects of the plant on a scientific basis. In this study, Inula graveolens L. and Inula viscosa L. demonstrated the potential of plant extracts as a readily available source of natural antioxidants, potential food additives, pharmaceuticals, and pharmaceutics.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"2014 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88135351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.16
M Beheşti Aydoğan, Kürşat Demi̇ryürek
The study revealed the diffusion processes of agricultural innovations and the influential advice sources in the diffusion process by using the network approach. The study sought to answer the questions of how agricultural innovations diffuse in the paddy sector, how agricultural innovations can be delivered to paddy farmers in the most concise form, and what are the typical characteristics of influential advice sources. Data were collected using questionnaires from paddy farmers, input suppliers, rice mills, and other relevant people and organizations in 2017. Social network analysis was used to analyze farmer advice networks, and Ordinal Logistic Regression was used to identify the common characteristics of influential actors in the network. The research results indicated that the farmers were a bridge between innovation creators and other farmers. The local pesticide dealers were the intermediary position among the paddy farmers with the innovation creators. Collective action, membership in agricultural organizations, social status, and project experience were influential factors in being an advice source. The study found that agricultural innovations in the paddy sector can diffuse most quickly from innovation creators to local pesticide dealers and farmers.
{"title":"The shortest way to diffuse agricultural innovations: A network study in the paddy sector in Türkiye","authors":"M Beheşti Aydoğan, Kürşat Demi̇ryürek","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"The study revealed the diffusion processes of agricultural innovations and the influential advice sources in the diffusion process by using the network approach. The study sought to answer the questions of how agricultural innovations diffuse in the paddy sector, how agricultural innovations can be delivered to paddy farmers in the most concise form, and what are the typical characteristics of influential advice sources. Data were collected using questionnaires from paddy farmers, input suppliers, rice mills, and other relevant people and organizations in 2017. Social network analysis was used to analyze farmer advice networks, and Ordinal Logistic Regression was used to identify the common characteristics of influential actors in the network. The research results indicated that the farmers were a bridge between innovation creators and other farmers. The local pesticide dealers were the intermediary position among the paddy farmers with the innovation creators. Collective action, membership in agricultural organizations, social status, and project experience were influential factors in being an advice source. The study found that agricultural innovations in the paddy sector can diffuse most quickly from innovation creators to local pesticide dealers and farmers.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88155317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.14
Alime BAYINDIR EROL, R. C. Beram, A. K. Bi̇rgücü
The biological effects of entomopathogenic species, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill and Akanthomyces attenuatus Zare & Gams on cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) nymphs at 1x108 conidia concentration (ml-1) were investigated at the laboratory conditions. The experiments were conducted at 25°C, 65% relative humidity, and 16:8 hours of lighting in a climatic cabinets. Alive nymphs were recorded on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th days of incubation. B. bassiana caused higher mortality of the nymphs than A. attenuatus did. A statistical difference was determined between the isolates on the 7th and 9th days of the experiment. The highest mortality rates were determined in the isolate of B. bassiana with 72% and the isolate of A. attenuatus with 54% on the 9th day. The LT50 value for the isolates of B.bassiana and A. attenuatus was 6.02 days and 8.33 days, respectively.
{"title":"Biological effects of Beauveria bassiana and Akanthomyces attenuatus isolates on Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)","authors":"Alime BAYINDIR EROL, R. C. Beram, A. K. Bi̇rgücü","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"The biological effects of entomopathogenic species, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill and Akanthomyces attenuatus Zare & Gams on cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) nymphs at 1x108 conidia concentration (ml-1) were investigated at the laboratory conditions. The experiments were conducted at 25°C, 65% relative humidity, and 16:8 hours of lighting in a climatic cabinets. Alive nymphs were recorded on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th days of incubation. B. bassiana caused higher mortality of the nymphs than A. attenuatus did. A statistical difference was determined between the isolates on the 7th and 9th days of the experiment. The highest mortality rates were determined in the isolate of B. bassiana with 72% and the isolate of A. attenuatus with 54% on the 9th day. The LT50 value for the isolates of B.bassiana and A. attenuatus was 6.02 days and 8.33 days, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"178 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76617432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.13
Erhan Kahya, Fatma Özdüven
Lettuce is a type of vegetable that is widely cultivated and consumed in our country and in the world. The seedling period, which is the beginning of production, is the most sensitive time for the plant. Starting production with healthy seedlings is an important parameter for quality and efficient production. In this study, a sample program for automatic seedling selection was developed for a robotic system to be used in seedling production. With the developed program, it was aimed to select seedlings with the same degree of maturity in multi-well pots. In this study, Yolo5n was used for the training model. A learning system was established on two types of lettuce (curly salad), and red curly lettuce leaf (lolo-rosso) seedlings. As a result of the training, F1 score was found as 83%; Precision was 100%; Recall was 95%; Precision Recall was 86.7%. The learning rate was 0.0005 for all given images. In view of these data, positive results were obtained for the mentioned method in seedling selection.
{"title":"An example of lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) seedling selection using deep learning method for robotic seedling selection system","authors":"Erhan Kahya, Fatma Özdüven","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"Lettuce is a type of vegetable that is widely cultivated and consumed in our country and in the world. The seedling period, which is the beginning of production, is the most sensitive time for the plant. Starting production with healthy seedlings is an important parameter for quality and efficient production. In this study, a sample program for automatic seedling selection was developed for a robotic system to be used in seedling production. With the developed program, it was aimed to select seedlings with the same degree of maturity in multi-well pots. In this study, Yolo5n was used for the training model. A learning system was established on two types of lettuce (curly salad), and red curly lettuce leaf (lolo-rosso) seedlings. As a result of the training, F1 score was found as 83%; Precision was 100%; Recall was 95%; Precision Recall was 86.7%. The learning rate was 0.0005 for all given images. In view of these data, positive results were obtained for the mentioned method in seedling selection.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90036739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aslı EYMİR, Emrah KARAKAVUK, Zeynep EROĞLU, Fulya BENZER
Chestnut is a fruit with high carbohydrate content, low-oil ratio and protein content, including minerals, vitamins, amino acids and phenolic compounds which can have antioxidant properties. It has been determined that the amount and composition of phenolic components could change in according to environmental and growing conditions, and the variety of chestnuts having impact on protein content. This study was conducted to investigate the possible effects of boiling and baking on some physical and chemical properties, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of Osmanoğlu and Sarıaşlama chestnut varieties grown in Bursa. According to the results of the present study, some physical and biochemical properties of raw chestnut were determined as humidity 48.78–56.57 %, ash 1.11–1.27 g 100 g-1, water activity 0.705–0.844, pH 7.03–7.29, color L* 60.52±2,64; a* 0.13±0,18; b* 12.39±1.57. The total phenolic compounds content was 129.17±6.23 mg GAE (gallic acid equailent) kg-1 in raw chestnuts, 180.97±18.25 mg GAE kg-1 in boiled chestnuts, and 149.86±7.95 mg GAE kg-1 in baked chestnuts. Also, the antioxidant capacity found like 0.42±0.01 μmol AAE (ascorbic acid equivalent) g-1 for raw chestnuts, 0.31±0.03 μmol AAE g-1 for boiled chestnuts, and 0.40±0.01 μmol AAE g-1 of baked chestnuts. It was determined that while the application of the boiling process caused a significant decrease in the antioxidant activity of chestnuts, the application of the baking process did not cause any meaningful change on the antioxidant capacity of the chestnuts. It was determined that there was a significant increase in the total phenolic compounds content with the boiling and baking process compared to raw chestnuts.
{"title":"The effect of boiling and baking process on total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of Osmanoğlu and Sarıaşlama chestnuts grow in Bursa","authors":"Aslı EYMİR, Emrah KARAKAVUK, Zeynep EROĞLU, Fulya BENZER","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Chestnut is a fruit with high carbohydrate content, low-oil ratio and protein content, including minerals, vitamins, amino acids and phenolic compounds which can have antioxidant properties. It has been determined that the amount and composition of phenolic components could change in according to environmental and growing conditions, and the variety of chestnuts having impact on protein content. This study was conducted to investigate the possible effects of boiling and baking on some physical and chemical properties, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of Osmanoğlu and Sarıaşlama chestnut varieties grown in Bursa. According to the results of the present study, some physical and biochemical properties of raw chestnut were determined as humidity 48.78–56.57 %, ash 1.11–1.27 g 100 g-1, water activity 0.705–0.844, pH 7.03–7.29, color L* 60.52±2,64; a* 0.13±0,18; b* 12.39±1.57. The total phenolic compounds content was 129.17±6.23 mg GAE (gallic acid equailent) kg-1 in raw chestnuts, 180.97±18.25 mg GAE kg-1 in boiled chestnuts, and 149.86±7.95 mg GAE kg-1 in baked chestnuts. Also, the antioxidant capacity found like 0.42±0.01 μmol AAE (ascorbic acid equivalent) g-1 for raw chestnuts, 0.31±0.03 μmol AAE g-1 for boiled chestnuts, and 0.40±0.01 μmol AAE g-1 of baked chestnuts. It was determined that while the application of the boiling process caused a significant decrease in the antioxidant activity of chestnuts, the application of the baking process did not cause any meaningful change on the antioxidant capacity of the chestnuts. It was determined that there was a significant increase in the total phenolic compounds content with the boiling and baking process compared to raw chestnuts.","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134999379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.23
E. Sakar, Mizgin Ay, M. I. Odabasioglu
This study was carried out between 2016–2017 to identify local olive varieties grown in the Derik district of Mardin province and their distinguishing characteristics. In the study the growing strength of the trees of eight local olive species, pomological characteristics of their leaves, inflorescence, fruit, and seeds, phenological development periods, total oil content, fatty acid composition, and sensory characteristics of their oils were examined. It was found that the “Mavi” variety had the highest values for fruit weight, width, and flesh ratio among the varieties examined. The variety with the highest fruit oil content (30.0%) was “Derik Halhalı”, followed by the “Melkabazi” variety with oil content of 26.0%. The most abundant fatty acid in the oils of local olive varieties was cis-Oleic acid (57.60–73.51%), followed by Palmitic acid (12.90–18.57%), cis-Linoleic acid (7.97–17.76%), and Stearic acid (2.48–3.30%). It has been determined that growing “Derik Halhalı” and “Melkabazi” as oil genotype is suitable, while growing “Zoncuk”, “Mavi”, “Kejik”, “Belluti”, “Hursiki” and “Gulleki” as table genotype is suitable
{"title":"Phenological, morphological and physicochemical characteristics of some local olive varieties grown in Mardin (Derik)","authors":"E. Sakar, Mizgin Ay, M. I. Odabasioglu","doi":"10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.23","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out between 2016–2017 to identify local olive varieties grown in the Derik district of Mardin province and their distinguishing characteristics. In the study the growing strength of the trees of eight local olive species, pomological characteristics of their leaves, inflorescence, fruit, and seeds, phenological development periods, total oil content, fatty acid composition, and sensory characteristics of their oils were examined. It was found that the “Mavi” variety had the highest values for fruit weight, width, and flesh ratio among the varieties examined. The variety with the highest fruit oil content (30.0%) was “Derik Halhalı”, followed by the “Melkabazi” variety with oil content of 26.0%. The most abundant fatty acid in the oils of local olive varieties was cis-Oleic acid (57.60–73.51%), followed by Palmitic acid (12.90–18.57%), cis-Linoleic acid (7.97–17.76%), and Stearic acid (2.48–3.30%). It has been determined that growing “Derik Halhalı” and “Melkabazi” as oil genotype is suitable, while growing “Zoncuk”, “Mavi”, “Kejik”, “Belluti”, “Hursiki” and “Gulleki” as table genotype is suitable","PeriodicalId":13814,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78369926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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