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A review on use of mechanical measures in in-situ moisture conservation techniques in agriculture 农业原位保湿技术中机械措施的应用综述
Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/19.2/718-723
C. J. Mahima, S.M. Mathur, S.S. Meena, S.K. Jain, N.L. Panwar
In this article an effort has been made to review the approaches made on conserving the moisture through in-situ conservation techniques and mechanical measures employed to conserve soil and water with different conservational practices such as basin listing, compartmental bunding, tie ridging, ridge formation, check basin formation etc. has analyzed and the effect of these conservational practices on yield of crop, effect of mechanical machine parameters on basin dimensions and its performance and finally, advantage of these conservational practices in terms of net returns to farmers has been highlighted.
本文综述了水土保持技术和水土保持机械措施的保墒方法,并分析了不同保墒措施对作物产量的影响,如列盆、隔室捆绑、扎垄、垄形、止盆形等。强调了机械设备参数对流域尺寸及其性能的影响,以及这些保护措施在农民净收益方面的优势。
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引用次数: 0
Stability enhancement of AC microgrid using multi-band stabilizers 多波段稳定器增强交流微电网稳定性
Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/19.2/748-754
Dhairya Gaur, Mahendra Bhadu, S.K. Bansal
In this study, the functionality of a grid-connected AC microgrid with four distribution generators (DG) units is examined. The AC microgrid must respond rapidly during an islanding operation to preserve overall system stability. A gridconnected AC microgrid is used to examine the overall performance of the PSSs in minimizing electromechanical oscillation, including —PSS, Pa-PSS, and Multi-band PSS (MB-PSS4B and MB-PSS2B). Multi-band PSS provides better dampening performance than other PSSs when Gaussian and colored noise are measured in the system. MATLAB/SIMULINK software is used to simulate an AC Microgrid that is connected to the grid and to track how well different PSS are working. The simulation results show that Multi-band PSSs outperform traditional PSSs (CPSS) in a variety of situations.
在本研究中,研究了具有四个配电发电机(DG)单元的并网交流微电网的功能。交流微电网必须在孤岛运行期间快速响应,以保持整个系统的稳定性。一个并网的交流微电网被用来检查PSS在最小化机电振荡方面的整体性能,包括-PSS, Pa-PSS和多频段PSS (MB-PSS4B和MB-PSS2B)。当测量系统中的高斯噪声和有色噪声时,多波段PSS比其他PSS具有更好的阻尼性能。MATLAB/SIMULINK软件用于模拟连接到电网的交流微电网,并跟踪不同PSS的工作情况。仿真结果表明,在多种情况下,多波段pss都优于传统的pss (CPSS)。
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引用次数: 0
Development and quality evaluation of Shrikhand Gola (Gulabajamon from Chakka) Chakka地区的Shrikhand Gola (Gulabajamon)的开发与质量评价
Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/19.2/473-475
Kavita Kadu, Rohini Darade, Kalyani Sarap
The experiment was conducted to standardize the procedure for preparation of best quality gulabajamon using chakka without reducing its acidity and moisture by heat treatment. The different properties of maida in combination with chakka are 30%, 40% and 50% by following the Baking powder in the ration of 1.5% 2% and 2.5%.
在不通过热处理降低其酸度和水分的情况下,对用查卡制取优质古拉巴加蒙的工艺进行了规范。泡打粉按1.5%、2%和2.5%的比例掺入后,麦田与查卡的混合性能分别为30%、40%和50%。
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引用次数: 0
Empowerment of rural women through self help group in Ahmednagar district 在艾哈迈德纳加尔区通过自助小组赋予农村妇女权力
Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/19.2/614-619
J.B. Khakale, S.U. Mokhale, A.N. Deshmukh, S.H. Chouhan
The present study was conducted Ahmednagar district of western region of Maharashtra state. The study of “Empowerment of rural women through self help group in ahmednagar district”. Was conducted in Kopargaon and Sangamner taluka. The sample consisted of 120 rural women members of SHGs was calculated. The 10 villages were selected purposively from Ahmednagar districts. An exploratory research design of social research was used in present investigation during 2021-22. The statistical methods such as frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation, correlation were used. The data of research study show that age was negatively correlated and occupation, experience in SHGs and attitude towards SHGs was significantly correlated while education, annual income, family type, land holdings, social participation were found to be positively and significantly related with empowerment of rural women through self help group.
本研究是在马哈拉施特拉邦西部地区的艾哈迈德纳加尔地区进行的。“艾哈迈德纳加尔地区农村妇女自助小组赋权”研究。是在Kopargaon和Sangamner taluka进行的。样本由120名农村妇女组成。这10个村庄是有目的地从艾哈迈德纳加尔区选出的。本研究在2021-22年期间采用社会研究的探索性研究设计。采用频率、百分比、平均值、标准差、相关性等统计方法。研究数据显示,年龄与农村妇女自助小组赋权呈负相关,职业、自助小组经历和对自助小组的态度呈显著相关,教育程度、年收入、家庭类型、土地持有、社会参与与农村妇女自助小组赋权呈显著正相关。
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引用次数: 0
Attitude of farmers towards Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojna in Nagpur district 那格浦尔地区农民对Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojna的态度
Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/19.2/451-456
S.H. Chouhan, S.U. Mokhale, A.N. Deshmukh, J.B. Khakhale
Crop insurance is a necessary crop loss coverage facility to be acquired by farmers and agricultural producers to defend them to counter the causalities due to natural calamities. One Nation-One Scheme is the theme of Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY). PMFBY provides a widespread insurance cover against failure of the crops and helps in stabilizing the income of the insured farmers. There are very less number of study reports on PMFBY impacts as this is a new scheme, therefore, a study is required to find out the attitude of farmers towards PMFBY scheme to obtain the feedback of the scheme. Hence, a study was carried out in Hingna tehsil of Nagpur district of MH in the year 2021-22, to know the attitude of farmers towards Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY). The study revealed that 70.00 per cent of the farmers belonged to medium (Favourable attitude) level of attitude followed by most unfavourable attitude (18.33%) and most favourable attitude (11.67%) level of attitude towards Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana. The data indicates that the respondents’ characteristics namely education, extension contact, economic motivation, sources of information and knowledge were positively and strongly correlated at 0.01 level of probability while age was negatively correlated at 0.01 level of proabability and risk orientation was positively correlated at 0.05 level of probability with attitude of responded farmers towards PMFBY.
农作物保险是农民和农业生产者为抵御自然灾害造成的损失而购买的一种必要的农作物损失保险设施。一国一计划是Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)的主题。PMFBY为农作物歉收提供了广泛的保险,并有助于稳定投保农民的收入。由于PMFBY是一项新计划,因此关于PMFBY影响的研究报告非常少,因此需要进行研究,了解农民对PMFBY计划的态度,以获得计划的反馈。因此,在2021- 2022年期间,在邦那格浦尔县的Hingna tehsil进行了一项研究,以了解农民对Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)的态度。研究显示,70%的农民对Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana持中等(赞成)态度,其次是最不赞成(18.33%)和最赞成(11.67%)的态度。结果表明,被调查者的受教育程度、接触外方、经济动机、信息和知识来源等特征与被调查者的PMFBY态度在0.01概率水平上呈显著正相关,年龄在0.01概率水平上呈显著负相关,风险取向在0.05概率水平上呈显著正相关。
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引用次数: 0
Profitability assessment of tea based inter cropping in Golaghat district of Assam 阿萨姆邦戈拉格特地区茶叶间作的盈利能力评估
Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/19.2/406-410
Nabajit Tanti, Subash Chandra Barua
A study was conducted to find out the profitability obtained in different intercropping systems in tea gardens of small tea growers in Golaghat district of Assam.The production and income from tea, was significantly influenced by the intercrops in different cropping systems. Mostly, the small tea growers planted areca nut and agarwood as intercrops in tea in Golaghat district. Higher yield was recorded in sole tea crop than inter cropping with Agarwood and areca nut. However, sole tea crop was recorded lower gross return compared to different intercropping systems.The average return over variable cost from mix cropping of tea with areca nut (1,98,896.81 Rs./ha), with Agarwood (2,49,152.72) and with areca nut and Agarwood (2,98,201.31) intercropping system combined was recorded much higher than that of conventional cultivation of sole tea (130389.24 Rs./ha). Thus, this study reveals that mix copping system of tea can add an extra income for the small tea growers and can also act as a backup against high risk of sole tea cultivation due to price fluctuation in green tea leaves. Moreover, tea+areca nut+ Agarwood intercropping system had the highest B:C ratio of 3.06 amongst all the studied intercropping systems but, tea + agarwood recorded the highest LER value of 1.61 which suggested that though the return was higher in tea + areca nut + agarwood intercropping system, the suitable land utilization was observed in tea + agarwood cropping system.
对阿萨姆邦格拉加特地区小茶农的茶园进行了一项研究,以找出不同间作制度所获得的盈利能力。不同种植制度下间作对茶叶的产量和收入有显著影响。大多数情况下,小茶农种植槟榔和沉香作为间作在戈拉加特地区的茶叶。单作茶的产量比沉香和槟榔间作的产量高。然而,与不同间作制度相比,单种茶树的总收益较低。茶加槟榔复合种植(1 98,896.81 rs /ha)、沉香复合种植(2 49,152.72 rs /ha)和槟榔加沉香复合种植(2 98,201.31 rs /ha)的平均可变成本收益远高于传统单茶种植(130389.24 rs /ha)。因此,本研究表明,混合泡茶制度可以为小茶农增加额外收入,也可以作为一种后备,以应对由于绿茶价格波动而导致的单一茶叶种植的高风险。此外,茶+槟榔+沉香间作的B:C值最高,为3.06,而茶+沉香的LER值最高,为1.61,说明虽然茶+槟榔+沉香间作的收益更高,但茶+沉香间作的土地利用效果较好。
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引用次数: 0
Impact assessment of heavy metals spiked waste water irrigation on metals accumulation and translocation in marigold (Tagetes patula L.) 重金属加标废水灌溉对万寿菊金属积累和转运的影响
Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/19.2/568-573
P. Vignesh, D.S. Gurjar, K.G. Rosin, A.K. Tiwari, S.S. Rathore
A pot experiment was conducted to find out the impact assessment of heavy metals spiked wastewater irrigation on growth, keeping quality and productivity of marigold (Tagetes patula L., cv.Pusa Arpita) at Water Technology Centre of ICARIndian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during Rabi season of 2020-21. Sevan treatments were takenas T-1: Sole Groundwater Irrigation without spiking of heavy metal, T-2: Sole Wastewater Irrigation without spiking of heavy metal, T-3: Wastewater Irrigation spiked with Cd (0.005ppm), Cr (0.05ppm), Ni (0.1ppm) and Pb (2.5ppm), T-4: Wastewater Irrigation spiked with Cd (0.01ppm), Cr (0.1ppm), Ni (0.2ppm) and Pb(5.0ppm), T-5: Wastewater Irrigation spiked with Cd (0.1ppm), Cr (0.1ppm), Ni (2ppm) and Pb (10ppm) , T-6: Wastewater Irrigation spiked with Cd (0.25ppm), Cr (2.5ppm),Ni (5ppm) and Pb (30ppm), T-7: Wastewater Irrigation spiked with Cd (0.5ppm), Cr (5.0ppm), Ni (10ppm) and Pb (50ppm). Results indicated that Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb concentrations in the root part ranged from 2.05 to 54.48, 13.67 to 86.35, 0.89 to 5.21 and 3.84 to 22 mg/kg, respectively and in shoot parts ranged from 9.3 to 63.05, 29.99 to 97.4,1.8 to 6.42 and 12.38 to 29.93mg/kg, respectively, in marigold under different treatments of heavy metals spiked wastewater irrigation. Heavy metal translocation factors (TF) ranged from 0.22 to 0.87, 0.47 to 0.88, 0.38 to 0.82 and 0.32 to 0.75 for Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb, respectively and bioaccumulation factors (BF) for heavy metals (Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb) were varied from 63.8 to 114.47, 39.76 to 72.18, 34.21 to 64.57 and 6.3 to 12.61, respectively, in marigold under different treatments of heavy metals spiked wastewater irrigation. However, long-term application of heavy metals rich wastewater in marigold needs to be monitored at different soil and climatic conditions.
通过盆栽试验,探讨了重金属加标废水灌溉对万寿菊生长、品质和生产力的影响。Pusa Arpita)在2020-21年拉比季节期间在新德里icari印度农业研究所水技术中心工作。采用T-1:单一地下水灌溉,不发生重金属污染;T-2:单一废水灌溉,不发生重金属污染;T-3:污水灌溉加Cd (0.005ppm)、Cr (0.05ppm)、Ni (0.1ppm)和Pb(2.5ppm); T-4:污水灌溉加Cd (0.01ppm)、Cr (0.1ppm)、Ni (0.2ppm)和Pb(5.0ppm); T-5:污水灌溉加Cd (0.1ppm)、Cr (0.1ppm)、Ni (2ppm)和Pb(10ppm);废水灌溉中添加了Cd (0.25ppm)、Cr (2.5ppm)、Ni (5ppm)和Pb (30ppm), T-7:废水灌溉中添加了Cd (0.5ppm)、Cr (5.0ppm)、Ni (10ppm)和Pb (50ppm)。结果表明:不同重金属加标废水灌溉处理下,金盏花根部Ni、Cr、Cd和Pb含量分别为2.05 ~ 54.48、13.67 ~ 86.35、0.89 ~ 5.21和3.84 ~ 22 mg/kg,茎部Ni、Cr、Cd和Pb含量分别为9.3 ~ 63.05、29.99 ~ 97.4、1.8 ~ 6.42和12.38 ~ 29.93mg/kg。不同重金属加标废水灌溉处理下,金盏花中Ni、Cr、Cd和Pb重金属转运因子(TF)分别为0.22 ~ 0.87、0.47 ~ 0.88、0.38 ~ 0.82和0.32 ~ 0.75,重金属(Ni、Cr、Cd和Pb)生物积累因子(BF)分别为63.8 ~ 114.47、39.76 ~ 72.18、34.21 ~ 64.57和6.3 ~ 12.61。但是,在不同的土壤和气候条件下,需要对含重金属废水在万寿菊中的长期应用进行监测。
{"title":"Impact assessment of heavy metals spiked waste water irrigation on metals accumulation and translocation in marigold (Tagetes patula L.)","authors":"P. Vignesh, D.S. Gurjar, K.G. Rosin, A.K. Tiwari, S.S. Rathore","doi":"10.15740/has/ijas/19.2/568-573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/19.2/568-573","url":null,"abstract":"A pot experiment was conducted to find out the impact assessment of heavy metals spiked wastewater irrigation on growth, keeping quality and productivity of marigold (Tagetes patula L., cv.Pusa Arpita) at Water Technology Centre of ICARIndian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during Rabi season of 2020-21. Sevan treatments were takenas T-1: Sole Groundwater Irrigation without spiking of heavy metal, T-2: Sole Wastewater Irrigation without spiking of heavy metal, T-3: Wastewater Irrigation spiked with Cd (0.005ppm), Cr (0.05ppm), Ni (0.1ppm) and Pb (2.5ppm), T-4: Wastewater Irrigation spiked with Cd (0.01ppm), Cr (0.1ppm), Ni (0.2ppm) and Pb(5.0ppm), T-5: Wastewater Irrigation spiked with Cd (0.1ppm), Cr (0.1ppm), Ni (2ppm) and Pb (10ppm) , T-6: Wastewater Irrigation spiked with Cd (0.25ppm), Cr (2.5ppm),Ni (5ppm) and Pb (30ppm), T-7: Wastewater Irrigation spiked with Cd (0.5ppm), Cr (5.0ppm), Ni (10ppm) and Pb (50ppm). Results indicated that Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb concentrations in the root part ranged from 2.05 to 54.48, 13.67 to 86.35, 0.89 to 5.21 and 3.84 to 22 mg/kg, respectively and in shoot parts ranged from 9.3 to 63.05, 29.99 to 97.4,1.8 to 6.42 and 12.38 to 29.93mg/kg, respectively, in marigold under different treatments of heavy metals spiked wastewater irrigation. Heavy metal translocation factors (TF) ranged from 0.22 to 0.87, 0.47 to 0.88, 0.38 to 0.82 and 0.32 to 0.75 for Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb, respectively and bioaccumulation factors (BF) for heavy metals (Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb) were varied from 63.8 to 114.47, 39.76 to 72.18, 34.21 to 64.57 and 6.3 to 12.61, respectively, in marigold under different treatments of heavy metals spiked wastewater irrigation. However, long-term application of heavy metals rich wastewater in marigold needs to be monitored at different soil and climatic conditions.","PeriodicalId":13858,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"447 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135859562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Performance evaluation of tractor operated trailed type power sprayer 拖拉机牵引式动力喷雾器的性能评价
Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/19.2/559-567
V.S. Vala, R. Yadav
Effective spraying technologies and spraying equipment should be innovated for proper and optimum usage of chemicals. Tractor operated power sprayer is less time consuming, feasible for marginal and larger farms and also it provides more effective spraying. Tractor operated sprayer was tested and evaluated for its performance. Short run test deals with discharge rate determination that was found 44.59 l.min-1 (at minimum pressure 500 kPa), 44.68, 43.00 and 44.51 l.min-1 (at maximum pressure 20000 kPa), volumetric efficiency of piston pump was found 84.15%. In laboratory nozzle can target up to 6.5 m length. Field test was done for prediction of average working speed, theoretical and actual field capacity, field efficiency and time losses. On an average man can spray a field at a speed of 3.0 km.h-1 at covering length from gun was 3.65 m in field conditions. Theoretical field capacity was found 1.27 ha.h-1whereas actual field capacity was found 0.93 ha.h-1. Field efficiency was predicted as 73.20%. Average time required for filling the tank of 500 l capacity was 10 min. Field capacity of sprayer was found 1.40 ha.h-1.
要创新有效的喷洒技术和喷洒设备,实现化学品的合理、优化使用。拖拉机动力喷雾器耗时少,适用于边际农场和大型农场,而且喷雾效果更好。对拖拉机式喷雾器进行了性能测试和评价。短期运行试验测定柱塞泵排量为44.59 l.min-1(最小压力500 kPa)、44.68、43.00、44.51 l.min-1(最大压力20000 kPa),柱塞泵容积效率为84.15%。在实验室中,喷嘴的目标长度可达6.5米。进行了现场试验,预测了平均工作速度、理论和实际现场容量、现场效率和时间损失。在野外条件下,一个人平均可以在距离枪3.65米的掩护距离内以3.0公里每小时的速度喷洒田地。理论场容为1.27 ha.h-1,实际场容为0.93 ha.h-1。田间效率预测为73.20%。500l容量的油箱平均加注时间为10min,现场喷雾器容量为1.40 ha.h-1。
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引用次数: 0
Constraints faced by farmers while availing products and services offered by Rythu Bharosa Kendra’s in Coastal Andhra Pradesh 在安得拉邦沿海地区,农民在获得Rythu Bharosa Kendra提供的产品和服务时面临的限制
Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/19.2/402-405
V.S.N. Murthy, N.T. Krishna Kishore, N. Vani, B.Ramana Murthy
The current study was to know the constraints faced by farmers while purchasing and availing the products and services offered by Rythu Bharosa Kendras in Coastal Andhra region, Andhra Pradesh. Sample farmers were cultivating majorly paddy and dairy is the subsidiary occupation. Three districts namely East Godavari, West Godavari and Krishna of RBKs in Coastal Andhra region, Andhra Pradesh State were purposively selected for the study as its major grown and highly irrigated areas in Andhra Pradesh. The analytical tools employed were likert scaling, descriptive statistics, Garrett’s ranking technique and other appropriate statistical tools were employed to achieve the objectives of the study. Results revealed that the major source of information was Grama secretariat (Staff/Volunteer). Hardware, software and infrastructure were causing interrupting of services, non-availability of need-based inputs and non availability of crop specific advisory services were the major constraints while purchasing products and services offered by RBK.
目前的研究是了解农民在购买和利用Rythu Bharosa Kendras提供的产品和服务时所面临的限制,安得拉邦沿海地区。样本农户以种植水稻为主,奶牛为副业。安得拉邦沿海安得拉邦地区的三个地区,即东哥达瓦里、西哥达瓦里和克里希纳,被有意选择作为安得拉邦的主要种植区和高度灌溉区。分析工具采用likert scale、描述性统计、Garrett’s ranking technique等适当的统计工具来实现研究目标。结果显示,资料的主要来源是格拉玛秘书处(工作人员/志愿人员)。硬件、软件和基础设施造成服务中断,无法获得基于需求的投入和无法获得特定作物的咨询服务是购买RBK提供的产品和服务的主要制约因素。
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引用次数: 0
Development and nutritional evaluation of product prepared from soy-malt flour 大豆麦芽粉制成品的研制及营养评价
Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/19.2/592-598
Manvi Rastogi, Jyoti Chauhan
This thesis is aimed at development nutritional value added food products with the addition of soy- malt flour. Intake of soy is very likely to help us to maintain our overall health in the long term. The whole grains are rich in protein, vitamin, minerals, iron, Calcium and amino acids essential for our health. More importantly soy or malt is one of the richest sources of both soluble and insoluble fibres. The work was designed to evaluate the scope of utilizing soy and malt flour which has been underutilizing food product. Soy and malt flour with 5 replication of each was done to assist the sensory acceptability of the product. Sensory score of various treatments were graded on 9 points hedonic scale scorecards. Sensory score of Cutlet were best and were most acceptable. Sensory scores of Sev were also acceptable. From our study, it was observed that small and malt flour product is compact source of nutrients. These products play quite significant role in now a days and it is beneficial to all age group.
本论文旨在开发添加大麦粉的营养增值食品。从长远来看,摄入大豆很可能有助于我们保持整体健康。全谷物富含蛋白质、维生素、矿物质、铁、钙和我们健康所必需的氨基酸。更重要的是,大豆或麦芽是可溶性和不可溶性纤维最丰富的来源之一。本研究旨在评价大豆和麦芽粉的利用范围,这是一种利用不足的食品。大豆和麦芽粉各重复5次,以帮助产品的感官可接受性。用9分快乐量表对各治疗组的感觉评分进行评分。肉排感官评分最高,可接受度最高。Sev的感官评分也可以接受。从我们的研究中发现,小麦芽面粉产品是紧凑的营养来源。这些产品在当今社会发挥着相当重要的作用,对所有年龄段的人都有益。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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