Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/330-333
Alok Nath, M. B. Patel, P. Mandal, Bijayalaxmi Mohanta
Microencapsulation is one of the efficient, advanced and promising technologies in the field of food processing. The technology involves the protection of different valuable food constituents present in a food product by the use of a suitable covering material on it. Besides, protecting the covering material allows the release of the core material in a controlled way increases shelf life and enhances the sensory qualities. The process of microencapsulation can be done by various methods such as coacervation, polymer-polymer incompatability, solvent evaporation, spray drying, fluidized bed technology, pan coating, spinning disc, extrusion, interfacial polymerization etc. This technology is being used in various fields including pharmaceutical, vectorisation, artificial organs, single dose treatment, agriculture (fungicide, herbicide, insect repellent, artificial insemination), food, printing, cosmetic, textile and defense. No single microencapsulation process is adaptable to all core materials. It is a complicated process and requires skilled person to handle the whole process. As worldwide demands for functional coatings continue to increase, new, cost effective microencapsulation technologies will be developed and the technology will remain at the forefront of future.
{"title":"Microencapsulation in food processing - A review study","authors":"Alok Nath, M. B. Patel, P. Mandal, Bijayalaxmi Mohanta","doi":"10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/330-333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/330-333","url":null,"abstract":"Microencapsulation is one of the efficient, advanced and promising technologies in the field of food processing. The technology involves the protection of different valuable food constituents present in a food product by the use of a suitable covering material on it. Besides, protecting the covering material allows the release of the core material in a controlled way increases shelf life and enhances the sensory qualities. The process of microencapsulation can be done by various methods such as coacervation, polymer-polymer incompatability, solvent evaporation, spray drying, fluidized bed technology, pan coating, spinning disc, extrusion, interfacial polymerization etc. This technology is being used in various fields including pharmaceutical, vectorisation, artificial organs, single dose treatment, agriculture (fungicide, herbicide, insect repellent, artificial insemination), food, printing, cosmetic, textile and defense. No single microencapsulation process is adaptable to all core materials. It is a complicated process and requires skilled person to handle the whole process. As worldwide demands for functional coatings continue to increase, new, cost effective microencapsulation technologies will be developed and the technology will remain at the forefront of future.","PeriodicalId":13858,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140508394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/205-210
Nameeta Rohilla, Neelam Rose
Introduction of modern technique of CAD is a powerful tool for product designing and development and is user friendly. These days advanced two or three dimensional software are used widely in designing sector. The time consuming process of textile designing has been easier by Computer Aided Designing. The huge advantage offered by digital system for drawing and modeling allows designs to be seen from any angle as well as easily manipulated in terms of colours, textures, shape etc. There is a great demand for designer and value-added quilt covers amongst consumers. Forty designs of surface decoration techniques of appliqué work, patch work, fabric painting and stencil printing were created in Corel DRAW, ten designs for each selected techniques were created. The four top preferred surface decoration techniques i.e. appliqué work, patch work, fabric painting and stencil printing with most preferred tucks and piping were selected for application on quilt covers. Three placements of each selected design with possible were done; hence 24 placements each for front and back side of quilt covers were done in Corel DRAW.
{"title":"Creation of quilt cover designs using CAD technology","authors":"Nameeta Rohilla, Neelam Rose","doi":"10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/205-210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/205-210","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction of modern technique of CAD is a powerful tool for product designing and development and is user friendly. These days advanced two or three dimensional software are used widely in designing sector. The time consuming process of textile designing has been easier by Computer Aided Designing. The huge advantage offered by digital system for drawing and modeling allows designs to be seen from any angle as well as easily manipulated in terms of colours, textures, shape etc. There is a great demand for designer and value-added quilt covers amongst consumers. Forty designs of surface decoration techniques of appliqué work, patch work, fabric painting and stencil printing were created in Corel DRAW, ten designs for each selected techniques were created. The four top preferred surface decoration techniques i.e. appliqué work, patch work, fabric painting and stencil printing with most preferred tucks and piping were selected for application on quilt covers. Three placements of each selected design with possible were done; hence 24 placements each for front and back side of quilt covers were done in Corel DRAW.","PeriodicalId":13858,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/263-267
Pothu Vaishnavi, V. Khobarkar, R. Vaidkar
To accomplish the stated objectives 90 farmers were selected from three tehsils namely Vemula, Pulivendula and Lingala of Kadapa district. The study was based on primary data during the year 2021-2022. The data regarding marketing of Banana were collected from producers, 10 pre harvest contractors, 10 wholesalers and 10 retailers.The average gross returns were obtained was Rs.804955.81. The average per hectare net return received at overall was Rs. 377582.66. The overall input-output ratio was 1.88.The input output ratio which is an indicator of economic efficiency in crop production for the crop and it indicated that the banana registered a good input output ratio i.e.1.88. Producer’s share in consumer’s rupee was highest in channel - I i.e. 76.23 per cent. Banana growers faced the problem of Incidence of disease with mean score of 71.74 in production of banana and fluctuation in price (mean score: 69.49) was the main constraint in marketing of banana.
{"title":"Economic analysis of marketing of banana in Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh","authors":"Pothu Vaishnavi, V. Khobarkar, R. Vaidkar","doi":"10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/263-267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/263-267","url":null,"abstract":"To accomplish the stated objectives 90 farmers were selected from three tehsils namely Vemula, Pulivendula and Lingala of Kadapa district. The study was based on primary data during the year 2021-2022. The data regarding marketing of Banana were collected from producers, 10 pre harvest contractors, 10 wholesalers and 10 retailers.The average gross returns were obtained was Rs.804955.81. The average per hectare net return received at overall was Rs. 377582.66. The overall input-output ratio was 1.88.The input output ratio which is an indicator of economic efficiency in crop production for the crop and it indicated that the banana registered a good input output ratio i.e.1.88. Producer’s share in consumer’s rupee was highest in channel - I i.e. 76.23 per cent. Banana growers faced the problem of Incidence of disease with mean score of 71.74 in production of banana and fluctuation in price (mean score: 69.49) was the main constraint in marketing of banana.","PeriodicalId":13858,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"51 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/90-95
Santosh N Kunjir, Ajay S. Kulkarni, M. Girkar, S. Ghatge, S. G. Satkar, Saiprasad Bhusare
A study was carried out to assess the socio-economic status of fishermen involved in fishing activities within the Lendi River located in the districts of Latur and Nanded in the state of Maharashtra. A comprehensive survey was conducted, consisting of interviews with a total of 76 fishermen, to collect pertinent data and information. It was found that all fishermen who were engaged in fishing in Lendi River were male, the majority were Hindus, 59.21% had joint families andthe majority of fishermen (48.68%) belonged to the middle age group 31-50 years. Moreover, 40.79% of fishermen were educated up to the primary level while 25.00% were illiterate.Most fishermen (51.32%)had an annual income in the range of Rs. 1.5 to 2 lakhs. The use of gill nets is common among fishermen, but a subset of fishermen employs cast net as their preferred fishing method. The findings of this research indicate that the socio-economic status of fishermen in the designated study region is undesirable. It is imperative that governmental entities, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and other pertinent stakeholders undertake requisite measures for improving the socio-economic standing.
{"title":"An assessment of the socio-economic status of the fishermen along the Lendi River in Latur and Nanded district of Maharashtra, India","authors":"Santosh N Kunjir, Ajay S. Kulkarni, M. Girkar, S. Ghatge, S. G. Satkar, Saiprasad Bhusare","doi":"10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/90-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/90-95","url":null,"abstract":"A study was carried out to assess the socio-economic status of fishermen involved in fishing activities within the Lendi River located in the districts of Latur and Nanded in the state of Maharashtra. A comprehensive survey was conducted, consisting of interviews with a total of 76 fishermen, to collect pertinent data and information. It was found that all fishermen who were engaged in fishing in Lendi River were male, the majority were Hindus, 59.21% had joint families andthe majority of fishermen (48.68%) belonged to the middle age group 31-50 years. Moreover, 40.79% of fishermen were educated up to the primary level while 25.00% were illiterate.Most fishermen (51.32%)had an annual income in the range of Rs. 1.5 to 2 lakhs. The use of gill nets is common among fishermen, but a subset of fishermen employs cast net as their preferred fishing method. The findings of this research indicate that the socio-economic status of fishermen in the designated study region is undesirable. It is imperative that governmental entities, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and other pertinent stakeholders undertake requisite measures for improving the socio-economic standing.","PeriodicalId":13858,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"53 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140508094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study therefore, aims to find out the utilization pattern of the popular social media for educational purpose. The study will explore how and to what extent students use social media for educational purposes. The study was being undertaken in the constituent campus colleges of SKRAU and RAJUVAS,Bikaner. Under SKRAU, Bikaner three colleges were selected for the present study which is situated in SKRAU, Bikaner campus. One college under the RAJUVAS, were selected for the present study which is situated in RAJUVAS, Bikaner. To have an appropriate proportion of representation from both the universities, the technique of proportionate random sampling was applied. The total numbers of 160 respondents (109 Master level students and 51 Ph.D. level students) were selected. Thereafter, data were collected by using interview method and statistically analysed by applying appropriates and required statistically parameters and lead to following results: Data regarding extent of the knowledge of the respondent were collected, analyzed and presented fewer than five categories. First category, are you aware about the following social media? Majority of the respondents were aware about “YouTube” and “WhatsApp” which was ranked first. In second Category majority of the respondents aware about “Entertainment services” of social media were ranked first. In the third category, Majority of the Ph.D. level students know that “Agriculture department”, “Kisan call centers”, “ATICs” and “KVKs”provides needed information related to agriculture development and its allied fields were ranked first.In the fourth category majority of the master level and Ph.D. level students know about “Messaging” and “Whatapp” service were ranked first from different social media. In this category majority of the master level and Ph.D. students known that “Information of research work” and “Information about technological knowledge” were ranked first.
{"title":"Extent of knoweledge of PG students of Swami Keswanand Rajasthan Agriculture University and Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner about the social media","authors":"Vikash Kumar Meena, Sonia Rishi, Kalawati Meena, Salman Khan, Shankar Lal Kumawat","doi":"10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/40-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/40-46","url":null,"abstract":"The study therefore, aims to find out the utilization pattern of the popular social media for educational purpose. The study will explore how and to what extent students use social media for educational purposes. The study was being undertaken in the constituent campus colleges of SKRAU and RAJUVAS,Bikaner. Under SKRAU, Bikaner three colleges were selected for the present study which is situated in SKRAU, Bikaner campus. One college under the RAJUVAS, were selected for the present study which is situated in RAJUVAS, Bikaner. To have an appropriate proportion of representation from both the universities, the technique of proportionate random sampling was applied. The total numbers of 160 respondents (109 Master level students and 51 Ph.D. level students) were selected. Thereafter, data were collected by using interview method and statistically analysed by applying appropriates and required statistically parameters and lead to following results: Data regarding extent of the knowledge of the respondent were collected, analyzed and presented fewer than five categories. First category, are you aware about the following social media? Majority of the respondents were aware about “YouTube” and “WhatsApp” which was ranked first. In second Category majority of the respondents aware about “Entertainment services” of social media were ranked first. In the third category, Majority of the Ph.D. level students know that “Agriculture department”, “Kisan call centers”, “ATICs” and “KVKs”provides needed information related to agriculture development and its allied fields were ranked first.In the fourth category majority of the master level and Ph.D. level students know about “Messaging” and “Whatapp” service were ranked first from different social media. In this category majority of the master level and Ph.D. students known that “Information of research work” and “Information about technological knowledge” were ranked first.","PeriodicalId":13858,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140508114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/187-190
M. Chakraborti, A.K. Singh
In South Tripura district groundnut is grown in very small pocket using local varieties. In general, farmers do not follow scientific package of practices and not using the improved variety due to which the productivity of groundnut is only 1200 kg/ha. With a view to increase the productivity level of groundnut in the district total 80 numbers of demonstration has been taken covering 17 ha area in six selected villages during Kharif and Rabi season of 2011and 2012 by KVK, South Tripura. The objective of the FLD on groundnut was to demonstrate the potential of improved varieties and technologies to the farmers. Awareness programme and training on scientific cultivation practices of groundnut was conducted before starting the demonstration programme. Besides imparting training, printed leaflets on groundnut were distributed among the farmers for their ready reference. Field day programme was also conducted in the farmer’s field in standing crop. Improved variety of groundnut viz. GG-7 and GG- 20 were demonstrated for obtaining higher yield as compared to local varieties and traditional method of cultivation. Increase in yield percentage varies from 26.83 to 50.43% for both the varieties over the local check. Farmers earned upto Rs. 38550/- for both the varieties by selling the groundnut in the local market.
{"title":"Impact of frontline demonstration on groundnut productivity in South Tripura district","authors":"M. Chakraborti, A.K. Singh","doi":"10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/187-190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/187-190","url":null,"abstract":"In South Tripura district groundnut is grown in very small pocket using local varieties. In general, farmers do not follow scientific package of practices and not using the improved variety due to which the productivity of groundnut is only 1200 kg/ha. With a view to increase the productivity level of groundnut in the district total 80 numbers of demonstration has been taken covering 17 ha area in six selected villages during Kharif and Rabi season of 2011and 2012 by KVK, South Tripura. The objective of the FLD on groundnut was to demonstrate the potential of improved varieties and technologies to the farmers. Awareness programme and training on scientific cultivation practices of groundnut was conducted before starting the demonstration programme. Besides imparting training, printed leaflets on groundnut were distributed among the farmers for their ready reference. Field day programme was also conducted in the farmer’s field in standing crop. Improved variety of groundnut viz. GG-7 and GG- 20 were demonstrated for obtaining higher yield as compared to local varieties and traditional method of cultivation. Increase in yield percentage varies from 26.83 to 50.43% for both the varieties over the local check. Farmers earned upto Rs. 38550/- for both the varieties by selling the groundnut in the local market.","PeriodicalId":13858,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/61-67
Amareesh Kumar Yadav, V. D. C. Baskar, Saurabh Shukla
Mustard oil is consumed in India at one of the highest rates of any country in the world. Additionally, the growing agricultural sector contributes to the growing availability of high yielding mustard seeds, which in turn catalyses the production of mustard oil. This is because agriculture is expanding. This is a significant component of the economy of the entire world. In addition, the government of India has initiated a number of projects in an effort to raise the amount of oilseeds that are produced within the country. The study was purposively confined to Jhansi district of Uttar Pradesh. In the first stage, Jhansi district was selected purposively for study on the basis of having higher production and area under mustard crop. There are eight blocks in namely Babina, Badagaon, Bamaur, Bangra,Chirgaon, Gursrai, Mauranipur and Moth block was selected purposively on the basis of higher production of the mustard crop. Thus making a sample size of 120 in numbers. Total variable cost was found maximum in large farms Rs.33080.66 and least in marginal farms (Rs.26580), on all farms basis it was found Rs.30731. Variable cost was found to be a major contributor in total cost and it has been recorded increasing with increase in size of farms, the findings are also supported by the findings of Mathur 2011. Rental value of the owned land and rent paid for the land are found equal for all categories of farms i.e. Rs. 10000 and Rs. 34, respectively. Cost of depreciation was calculated maximum in large farms (Rs.485) and least was found in marginal farms (Rs.360). Interest on the fixed capital excluding land was calculated maximum in large farms (Rs.52.5) and least was found in marginal farms (Rs.48.5). In the same way total fixed cost was found maximum in large farms (Rs.10621.5) and least was found in marginal farms (Rs.10510.4), on all farms basis it was calculated Rs.10573. Total cost incurred per hectare i.e. cost of cultivation or Cost C3 was found maximum in large farms (Rs. 39562) and lowest in marginal farms (Rs. 36850), on all farms basis it was calculated Rs. 38646. In the case of Bundelkhand, the area under mustard has demonstrated a significant shift, increasing from 68575 hectares in 1997–1998 to 113392 hectares in 2019–20. Mustard production went from 25481 tonnes in 1997-1998 to 115892 tonnes in 2019-20, according to the observations that were made. The rising trend has a significant impact on the total amount of mustard that is produced in the Jhansi district. It has been observed that the maximum arrival of agricultural commodities in this mandi is dominated by the arrival of groundnut, followed by urd, and then wheat. As far as mustard is concerned, there are a total of 28 new arrivals between the months of March and June, and the typical filling pack size is 80 kilogrammes. During the time period in question, it was discovered that only ten separate journeys were undertaken. During the months of March through June, it was discovered that
{"title":"An empirical analysis of marketing and value chain of mustard in Jhansi district of Uttar Pradesh","authors":"Amareesh Kumar Yadav, V. D. C. Baskar, Saurabh Shukla","doi":"10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/61-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/61-67","url":null,"abstract":"Mustard oil is consumed in India at one of the highest rates of any country in the world. Additionally, the growing agricultural sector contributes to the growing availability of high yielding mustard seeds, which in turn catalyses the production of mustard oil. This is because agriculture is expanding. This is a significant component of the economy of the entire world. In addition, the government of India has initiated a number of projects in an effort to raise the amount of oilseeds that are produced within the country. The study was purposively confined to Jhansi district of Uttar Pradesh. In the first stage, Jhansi district was selected purposively for study on the basis of having higher production and area under mustard crop. There are eight blocks in namely Babina, Badagaon, Bamaur, Bangra,Chirgaon, Gursrai, Mauranipur and Moth block was selected purposively on the basis of higher production of the mustard crop. Thus making a sample size of 120 in numbers. Total variable cost was found maximum in large farms Rs.33080.66 and least in marginal farms (Rs.26580), on all farms basis it was found Rs.30731. Variable cost was found to be a major contributor in total cost and it has been recorded increasing with increase in size of farms, the findings are also supported by the findings of Mathur 2011. Rental value of the owned land and rent paid for the land are found equal for all categories of farms i.e. Rs. 10000 and Rs. 34, respectively. Cost of depreciation was calculated maximum in large farms (Rs.485) and least was found in marginal farms (Rs.360). Interest on the fixed capital excluding land was calculated maximum in large farms (Rs.52.5) and least was found in marginal farms (Rs.48.5). In the same way total fixed cost was found maximum in large farms (Rs.10621.5) and least was found in marginal farms (Rs.10510.4), on all farms basis it was calculated Rs.10573. Total cost incurred per hectare i.e. cost of cultivation or Cost C3 was found maximum in large farms (Rs. 39562) and lowest in marginal farms (Rs. 36850), on all farms basis it was calculated Rs. 38646. In the case of Bundelkhand, the area under mustard has demonstrated a significant shift, increasing from 68575 hectares in 1997–1998 to 113392 hectares in 2019–20. Mustard production went from 25481 tonnes in 1997-1998 to 115892 tonnes in 2019-20, according to the observations that were made. The rising trend has a significant impact on the total amount of mustard that is produced in the Jhansi district. It has been observed that the maximum arrival of agricultural commodities in this mandi is dominated by the arrival of groundnut, followed by urd, and then wheat. As far as mustard is concerned, there are a total of 28 new arrivals between the months of March and June, and the typical filling pack size is 80 kilogrammes. During the time period in question, it was discovered that only ten separate journeys were undertaken. During the months of March through June, it was discovered that ","PeriodicalId":13858,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/147-151
B. G. Kamble, S. Sarode, M. D. Patil, M. B. Akhare, U. G. Gadkar
Genetic diversity is a prerequisite for undertaking any crop breeding programe for the development of high yielding crop varieties to enhance the national food production for the food security. Protein is an important component in the human diet, which is obtained for the vegetarian people from the pulses. Chickpea is an important source of protein for the Indian and African population. Therefore, breeding for high yielding chickpea varieties is a continuous process whose success is dependent on the availability of genetic diversity in the chickpea germplasm. In the present studies forty one genotypes of chickpeas were grouped into twelve clusters. The cluster I was with the highest number of genotypes (23) followed by cluster IV (09), II , III, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI and XII which had only 1 genotype in each cluster, respectively.The intra cluster distance (D2) ranges from 68.72 to 90.06 while the inter cluster distance (D2) ranges from 49.00 to 1217.31. The maximum inter-cluster distance (D2 = 1217.31) was observed between cluster VI and cluster XII followed by cluster XII and VIII (D2 = 1069.94), cluster VI and cluster X (D2 = 962.24) and cluster V and cluster VI (D2 = 919.90). It was observed that, seed yield per plant (42.20%) contributed highest for divergence followed by plant height (16.83%), 100 seed weight (16.34%), days to maturity (6.83%), number of pods per plant (5.37%), number of primary branches (4.51%), number of secondary branches per plant (3.05%), harvest index (2.20%), number of seeds per pod (2.07%) and days to 50% flowering (0.61%).
遗传多样性是开展任何作物育种计划的先决条件，以开发高产作物品种，提高国家粮食产量，保障粮食安全。蛋白质是人类饮食的重要组成部分，素食者可从豆类中获取蛋白质。鹰嘴豆是印度和非洲人口的重要蛋白质来源。因此，鹰嘴豆高产品种的培育是一个持续的过程，其成功与否取决于鹰嘴豆种质的遗传多样性。在本研究中，41 个鹰嘴豆基因型被分为 12 个群组。群内距离（D2）从 68.72 到 90.06 不等，群间距离（D2）从 49.00 到 1217.31 不等。第 VI 组和第 XII 组之间的组间距离（D2 = 1217.31）最大，其次是第 XII 组和第 VIII 组（D2 = 1069.94）、第 VI 组和第 X 组（D2 = 962.24）以及第 V 组和第 VI 组（D2 = 919.90）。据观察，单株种子产量（42.20%）对差异的贡献最大，其次是株高（16.83%）、百粒种子重量（16.34%）、成熟天数（6.83%）、单株荚果数（5.37%）、主枝数（4.51%）、单株副枝数（3.05%）、收获指数（2.20%）、单株荚果种子数（2.07%）和 50%开花天数（0.61%）。
{"title":"Genetic diversity studies for yield attributing characters in chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.) germplasm and their clusters","authors":"B. G. Kamble, S. Sarode, M. D. Patil, M. B. Akhare, U. G. Gadkar","doi":"10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/147-151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/147-151","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic diversity is a prerequisite for undertaking any crop breeding programe for the development of high yielding crop varieties to enhance the national food production for the food security. Protein is an important component in the human diet, which is obtained for the vegetarian people from the pulses. Chickpea is an important source of protein for the Indian and African population. Therefore, breeding for high yielding chickpea varieties is a continuous process whose success is dependent on the availability of genetic diversity in the chickpea germplasm. In the present studies forty one genotypes of chickpeas were grouped into twelve clusters. The cluster I was with the highest number of genotypes (23) followed by cluster IV (09), II , III, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI and XII which had only 1 genotype in each cluster, respectively.The intra cluster distance (D2) ranges from 68.72 to 90.06 while the inter cluster distance (D2) ranges from 49.00 to 1217.31. The maximum inter-cluster distance (D2 = 1217.31) was observed between cluster VI and cluster XII followed by cluster XII and VIII (D2 = 1069.94), cluster VI and cluster X (D2 = 962.24) and cluster V and cluster VI (D2 = 919.90). It was observed that, seed yield per plant (42.20%) contributed highest for divergence followed by plant height (16.83%), 100 seed weight (16.34%), days to maturity (6.83%), number of pods per plant (5.37%), number of primary branches (4.51%), number of secondary branches per plant (3.05%), harvest index (2.20%), number of seeds per pod (2.07%) and days to 50% flowering (0.61%).","PeriodicalId":13858,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"57 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/24-33
Vikash Kumar Meena, Salman Khan, Shankar Lal Kumawat, Meenakshi Jhakhar
Social media has gained high popularity among the students; there are millions of students who have account on one or the other social media platform. The study was being undertaken in the constituent campus colleges of SKRAU and RAJUVAS, Bikaner. Under SKRAU, Bikaner three colleges were selected for the present study which is situated in SKRAU, Bikaner campus. One college under the RAJUVAS, were selected for the present study which is situated in RAJUVAS, Bikaner. To have an appropriate proportion of representation from both the universities, the technique of proportionate random sampling was applied. The total numbers of 160 respondents (109 Master level students and 51 Ph.D. level students) were selected. Thereafter, data were collected by using interview method and statistically analysed by applying appropriates and required statistically parameters and lead to following results : Constraints faced by postgraduate students in using social media. The overall data revealed that the “technical constraints” was perceived as most important constraint by the master level students and perceived as most important constraint by the Ph.D. students which were rank first.Last category observed the majority of specific problems faced by the students were “Time spending” got overall rank 1st with master level and Ph.D. students. All the given suggestions by the students were calculated by mean per cent score and assigned ranks accordingly. Revealed that “Students may be educated to use social media for academic communication” as suggested by the majority of the master level students were rank first and “More research work is required on use of social media for academic use by students” by the overall Ph.D. students were rank.
{"title":"Constraints in utilization of social media by PG students of SKRAU and RAJUVAS, Bikaner and invite suggestions to overcome the constraints","authors":"Vikash Kumar Meena, Salman Khan, Shankar Lal Kumawat, Meenakshi Jhakhar","doi":"10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/24-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/24-33","url":null,"abstract":"Social media has gained high popularity among the students; there are millions of students who have account on one or the other social media platform. The study was being undertaken in the constituent campus colleges of SKRAU and RAJUVAS, Bikaner. Under SKRAU, Bikaner three colleges were selected for the present study which is situated in SKRAU, Bikaner campus. One college under the RAJUVAS, were selected for the present study which is situated in RAJUVAS, Bikaner. To have an appropriate proportion of representation from both the universities, the technique of proportionate random sampling was applied. The total numbers of 160 respondents (109 Master level students and 51 Ph.D. level students) were selected. Thereafter, data were collected by using interview method and statistically analysed by applying appropriates and required statistically parameters and lead to following results : Constraints faced by postgraduate students in using social media. The overall data revealed that the “technical constraints” was perceived as most important constraint by the master level students and perceived as most important constraint by the Ph.D. students which were rank first.Last category observed the majority of specific problems faced by the students were “Time spending” got overall rank 1st with master level and Ph.D. students. All the given suggestions by the students were calculated by mean per cent score and assigned ranks accordingly. Revealed that “Students may be educated to use social media for academic communication” as suggested by the majority of the master level students were rank first and “More research work is required on use of social media for academic use by students” by the overall Ph.D. students were rank.","PeriodicalId":13858,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"99 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/315-323
S. Angchuk, K. Lamo, R. Safal, S. Dorjay, D. Namgail, Phuntsog Tundup
Indian agriculture has achieved many milestones from traditional to subsistence, and from modern to the emerging ‘Smart Farming’ era. This has eventually propelled the country into the ranks of food-sufficient nations, ensuring food security for all of us. Smart farming is the management of farms that uses technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), robotics, drones, and artificial intelligence (AI) to increase the quantity and quality of products while decreasing the amount of human labour required for production. Smart farming is paving the way for the country’s agricultural production to become more productive and sustainable, based on a more accurate and resource-efficient method. The paper provides a detailed analysis of various smart farming technologies, with a particular emphasis on IoT and their applications.
{"title":"SMART farming - A new prospect in Agriculture Sector under Cold Arid Region of Ladakh, India","authors":"S. Angchuk, K. Lamo, R. Safal, S. Dorjay, D. Namgail, Phuntsog Tundup","doi":"10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/315-323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/20.1/315-323","url":null,"abstract":"Indian agriculture has achieved many milestones from traditional to subsistence, and from modern to the emerging ‘Smart Farming’ era. This has eventually propelled the country into the ranks of food-sufficient nations, ensuring food security for all of us. Smart farming is the management of farms that uses technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), robotics, drones, and artificial intelligence (AI) to increase the quantity and quality of products while decreasing the amount of human labour required for production. Smart farming is paving the way for the country’s agricultural production to become more productive and sustainable, based on a more accurate and resource-efficient method. The paper provides a detailed analysis of various smart farming technologies, with a particular emphasis on IoT and their applications.","PeriodicalId":13858,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"90 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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